濟部中央榡準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明（丨） 發明背景 本發明係關於一種乾式變壓器之製造方法，且更特別 而言’係關於一種用以改善乾式變壓器之線圈之技術。 圖1 7爲根據習知技術之線圈之截面圖。爲了改善乾 式變壓器之絕緣，防震和防塵性質，表面覆蓋有絕緣覆蓋 層2之導體1逐漸的繡繞介於其間之中間層絕緣紙片6以 形成一疊層線圈如圖17所示，其中繞組可互相分離且繞 組表面可受到保護。JP — U— 60 — 121620顯示 —繞組線圈。JP — U — 59 - 143020揭示導體覆 蓋有多孔絕緣器。 在圖1 7所示之習知技藝中，在插入中間層絕緣紙片 6時需要相當多的時間，且隨著樹脂預浸漬而來之問題是 會使生產率降低。 如J P — U — 59 - 143020所示之多孔絕緣器 可能會發生針孔，而此針孔在樹脂之飽和狀態未完成時， 會因爲其性質而破壞絕緣層之介電強度。 發明概要 本發明之目的乃在提供一種乾式變壓器線圈之製造方 法*其在製造時具有良好的工作能力，且可改善生產率。 爲了完成上述之目的，依照本發明，中間層絕緣紙片 可藉由提供外絕緣層在電導體（以下簡稱爲導體）之絕緣 覆蓋層之外表面上以取代習知的中間層絕緣片而省略，且 該外絕緣層可由預浸漬絕緣材料製成*因此，鄰接絞合匝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)A7 ____ B7 printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economy 5. Description of the Invention (丨) Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dry-type transformer, and more particularly, it relates to a Coil technology. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a coil according to conventional technology. In order to improve the insulation, shockproof and dustproof properties of the dry-type transformer, the conductor 1 whose surface is covered with the insulating covering layer 2 is gradually embroidered with the interlayer insulating paper sheet 6 in between to form a laminated coil as shown in FIG. 17, in which the winding can be Separated from each other and the winding surface can be protected. JP — U — 60 — 121620 display — winding coil. JP — U — 59-143020 discloses that the conductor is covered with a porous insulator. In the conventional technique shown in Fig. 17, a considerable amount of time is required when inserting the interlayer insulating paper sheet 6, and the problem with the resin pre-impregnation is that the productivity is reduced. As shown in J P — U — 59-143020, pinholes may occur in the porous insulator, and this pinhole will destroy the dielectric strength of the insulating layer due to its properties when the resin is not saturated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a dry-type transformer coil * which has good workability in manufacturing and can improve productivity. In order to accomplish the above object, according to the present invention, the interlayer insulating paper sheet can be omitted by providing an outer insulating layer on the outer surface of the insulating cover layer of the electrical conductor (hereinafter referred to as conductor) to replace the conventional interlayer insulating sheet, And the outer insulating layer can be made of pre-impregnated insulating material * Therefore, the paper size of the adjacent twisted turns is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-4 - 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7_ 五、發明説明（2 ) 之接合和繞組表面之接合可藉由在絕緣導體纏繞後僅執行 熱處理而確保。形成變壓器線圈以使導體圓柱的纏繞以形 成叠層在徑向方向之多數圓柱線圈。更特別而言，在本發 明中，導體具有第一絕緣層形成在其表面上，在圓柱線圈 之軸向方向，或線圈之繞組方向，和第二絕緣層形成在導 體之表面上，在線圈層之叠層方向中。第二絕緣層之厚度 大於第一絕緣層之厚度。再者，一種用以製造變壓器線圈 之方法，包含之步驟爲 形成絕緣覆蓋層用以絕緣覆蓋在導體外表面上之導體 $ 圖柱的縷繞具有絕緣覆蓋層之導體和一重疊外絕緣層 以形成一線圈層，和 該外絕緣層在線圈層之叠層方向中之導體之表面上之 厚度大於在該圓筒之軸向方向中之導體之表面上之厚度。 在本發明之乾式變壓器線圈中，可省略插入中間層絕 緣紙片之工作和省略需用於樹脂預浸漬之工作，藉此可改 善生生率，降低能量耗損和需用於生產之材料使用量。預 浸漬絕緣材料爲例如環氧樹脂之樹脂材料，其是可自熔的 。由於此種材料可利用熱熔化而後固定，可形成絕緣層而 無需在完成繞組後注入樹脂，且因此，可保持繞組線圈之 機械應力。在本發明中，由圓形橫截面或矩形橫截面之導 體所形成之後線之表面具有第一和第二絕緣層，且第二絕 緣層由預浸漬絕緣材料製成。因此，鄰接繞組和繞組表面 之接合以藉由熱處理而達成。結果，在本發明中，可獲得 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ----4-Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7_ V. Description of invention (2) The bonding of the winding surface and the winding surface can be ensured by performing only heat treatment after the insulated conductor is wound. The transformer coil is formed so that the conductor cylinder is wound to form a plurality of cylindrical coils laminated in the radial direction. More particularly, in the present invention, the conductor has a first insulating layer formed on its surface, in the axial direction of the cylindrical coil, or the winding direction of the coil, and a second insulating layer is formed on the surface of the conductor, in the coil In the direction of the layer stack. The thickness of the second insulating layer is greater than the thickness of the first insulating layer. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing a transformer coil includes the steps of forming an insulating cover layer for insulatingly covering the conductor on the outer surface of the conductor. The wire of the figure is wrapped around the conductor with the insulating cover layer and an overlapping outer insulating layer to A coil layer is formed, and the thickness of the outer insulating layer on the surface of the conductor in the stacking direction of the coil layer is greater than the thickness on the surface of the conductor in the axial direction of the cylinder. In the dry-type transformer coil of the present invention, the work of inserting the insulating paper of the intermediate layer and the work required for resin pre-impregnation can be omitted, thereby improving the productivity, reducing energy consumption and the amount of materials required for production. The prepreg insulation material is a resin material such as epoxy resin, which is self-fusible. Since this material can be melted by heat and then fixed, an insulating layer can be formed without the need to inject resin after the winding is completed, and therefore, the mechanical stress of the winding coil can be maintained. In the present invention, the surface of the rear line formed by a conductor of circular cross-section or rectangular cross-section has first and second insulating layers, and the second insulating layer is made of a pre-impregnated insulating material. Therefore, the junction between the adjacent winding and the winding surface is achieved by heat treatment. As a result, in the present invention, it can be obtained that the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ---
經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明（3 ) 具有良好絕緣，防震，和防塵特性之乾式變壓器線圈。圖 1 6爲使用本發明之絞線產生之乾式變壓器之外觀之立體 圖。 附圓簡述 圖1爲依照本發明之乾式變壓器線圈之第一實施例之 絞線之橫截面圖； 圖2爲使用如圖1所示之第一實施例之絞線之繞組線 圈之部份圖； 圖3爲本發明之第二實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之絞線 橫截面圖； 圖4爲本發明之第三實施例之乾式變壓器線圏之絞線 橫截面圖； 圖5爲本發明之第四實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之絞線 橫截面圖； 圖6爲本發明之第五實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之絞線 橫截面圖； 圖7爲使用依照本發明之第六實施例之乾式變壓器線 圈之絞線之線圈之截面圖； 圖8爲依照習知技術在一繞組構造中，中間層電位分 佈之圖； 圓9爲在未使用中間層紙片中，中間層電位分佈之圖Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (3) Dry-type transformer coils with good insulation, shockproof, and dustproof characteristics. Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the appearance of a dry-type transformer produced by using the stranded wire of the present invention. Brief description of attached circle. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a first embodiment of a dry-type transformer coil according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a part of a winding coil using the stranded wire of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil of a third embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 is the invention FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; The cross-sectional view of the coil of the stranded wire of the dry-type transformer coil; Figure 8 is a diagram of the potential distribution of the middle layer in a winding structure according to the conventional technology; Circle 9 is a diagram of the potential distribution of the middle layer in the unused middle layer paper
I 圖1 0爲氣隙存在線圈之中間層部份之示意圖； 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ----------^ 士-衣-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ，τ· -6 - 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 A7 ___B7_^_ 五、發明説明（4 ) 圖1 1爲用以製造第六實施例之導體絞線之裝置的實 施例之圖； 圖1 2爲用以形成和捲繞第三實施例之導體絞線之捲 繞裝置之實施例之圖： 圖1 3爲用以形成和捲繞第五實施例之導體絞線之捲 繞裝置之實施例之圖； 圖1 4爲用於圖7之繞組線圈之捲繞裝置之圖； 圖1 5爲使用本發明之絞線形成之線圈之圖； 圖1 6爲使用本發明之絞線形成之乾式變壓器之外觀 之立體圖；和 圖1 7爲依照習知技藝之繞組線圈之截面圖。 較佳實施例之說明 (第一實施例） 以下參考圖1和2說明本發明之第一實施例。 圖1爲依照本發明之第一實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之 絞線的橫截面圖，和圖2爲使用第一實施例之絞線之繞組 線圈之部份圖。在所示之絞線構造中，導體1之外表面覆 蓋以薄絕緣覆蓋層2以形成一絞線，且一絞線外絕緣層3 形成在絞線之外表面上。較佳的，使用預浸漬絕緣材料或 非多孔絕緣材料當成外絕緣層3。外絕緣層3在疊層方向 之厚度爲α 1和α 2，而在線圈層之繞組方向之厚度爲/9 1和卢2，如圖1所示•當在所示部份之電位差異保持在 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the air gap in the middle layer of the coil; the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) ---------- ^ Shi-yi-- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page), τ · -6-Printed A7 ___ B7 _ ^ _ by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (4) Figure 1 1 is the sixth implementation for manufacturing Example of a diagram of an embodiment of a device for conductor strands; FIG. 12 is a diagram of an embodiment of a winding device for forming and winding conductor strands of the third embodiment: FIG. 13 is a diagram for forming and winding A diagram of an embodiment of a winding device for winding a conductor strand of the fifth embodiment; FIG. 14 is a diagram of a winding device used for the winding coil of FIG. 7; FIG. 15 is a coil formed using the strand of the present invention Figure 16 is a perspective view of the appearance of a dry-type transformer formed using the stranded wire of the present invention; and Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of a winding coil according to conventional techniques. Description of the Preferred Embodiment (First Embodiment) The first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a partial view of a winding coil using the stranded wire of the first embodiment. In the twisted wire configuration shown, the outer surface of the conductor 1 is covered with a thin insulating coating 2 to form a twisted wire, and a twisted wire outer insulating layer 3 is formed on the outer surface of the twisted wire. Preferably, a prepreg insulating material or a non-porous insulating material is used as the outer insulating layer 3. The thickness of the outer insulating layer 3 in the lamination direction is α 1 and α 2 and the thickness in the winding direction of the coil layer is / 91 1 and Lu 2 as shown in Figure 1 • When the potential difference in the shown part is maintained The Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) is applicable at this paper scale (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-7 - 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 A7 _B7_^_ 五、發明説明（5 ) 圖2所示之1 >ΔΥ2与AV3時，形成外絕緣層3 ，以使保持（〇：1与〇!2) > (/91与点2)之關係。替 代的，有時亦會保持α1>α2#；31与/32或α2> αΐ与/S1与yS2之關係。 在變壓器中，通常介於互相鄰接之導體匝間之電位差 (在疊層方向）相當高於在繞組方向介於互相鄰接之導體 匝間之電位差。因此，爲了使絕緣材料有效的使用以降低 變壓器之尺寸至一儘可能小之值，在疊層方向之絕緣層之 厚度必高大於在線圈層之繞組方向之厚度。 (第二實施例） 圖3爲依照本發明之第二實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之 絞線之橫截面圖。在第二實施例中，使用具有圓形橫截面 之導體當成絞線。和第一實施例相似的，形成之外絕緣層 3具有之厚度相當於習知中間層絕緣紙片6之厚度（圖 17)，藉此可確保替代所需用於中間層絕緣紙片6之絕 緣功能仍能保持，且可省略中間層絕緣紙片6。較佳的， 使用非多孔絕緣片當成外絕緣層3之材料。 (第三實施例）和（第四實施例） 圖4爲依照本發明之第三實施例之乾式變壓器線圈之 絞線的橫截面圖，和圖5爲第四實施例之截面圖。爲了和 在圖1和3中之外絕緣層3之例相同的設定介於疊層方向 和寬度方向之尺寸差異時，絕緣加強構件7固定至覆蓋有 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 一 8 一 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -Ί· 訂-7-A7 _B7 _ ^ _ printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (5) When 1 > ΔΥ2 and AV3 shown in FIG. 2 are formed, an outer insulating layer 3 is formed to maintain 1 and 〇! 2) > (/ 91 and point 2). Alternatively, sometimes the relationship of α1 > α2 #; 31 and / 32 or α2 > α1 and / S1 and yS2 is maintained. In transformers, the potential difference between the turns of conductors adjacent to each other (in the stacking direction) is usually much higher than the potential difference between the turns of conductors adjacent to each other in the winding direction. Therefore, in order to effectively use the insulating material to reduce the size of the transformer to a value as small as possible, the thickness of the insulating layer in the stacking direction must be higher than the thickness in the winding direction of the coil layer. (Second Embodiment) Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a conductor having a circular cross section is used as a strand. Similar to the first embodiment, the outer insulating layer 3 is formed to have a thickness equivalent to the thickness of the conventional interlayer insulating paper sheet 6 (FIG. 17), thereby ensuring replacement of the required insulating function for the interlayer insulating paper sheet 6 It can still be maintained, and the intermediate insulating paper sheet 6 can be omitted. Preferably, a non-porous insulating sheet is used as the material of the outer insulating layer 3. (Third Embodiment) and (Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment. In order to set the size difference between the lamination direction and the width direction in the same way as the example of the insulating layer 3 in FIGS. 1 and 3, the insulation reinforcing member 7 is fixed to cover the paper size and applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) one 8 one (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -Ί · order
五、發明説明（6 ) 絕緣覆蓋層2之導體1之疊層方向之兩表面上。絕緣加強 構件7之材料最好使用具有低介電常數之絕緣材料，如 PA (聚醯胺），PEN (聚二甲酸伸乙酯），Pi (聚 醯亞胺），PEI (聚醚醯亞胺），PPS (聚伸苯基硫 醚），P E T (對酞酸伸乙酯）。即使絕緣加強構件7只 固定至叠層方向之一表面上，如圖5之第四實施例所示， 則可完成中間層絕緣功能。 (第五實施例） 如圓6所示，絕緣加強構件7直接固定至導體1和絞 線絕緣覆蓋層2形成在絕緣加強構件之外表面上。在此例 中，絕緣加強構件亦提供當成絕緣覆蓋層，而當預浸漬絕 緣材料使用當成絕緣加強構件7時，只藉由在導體1之捲 繞完成後執行熱處理，即可確保相鄰絞線匝和繞組表面之 接合。在預浸漬構件7中之樹脂穿透覆蓋層2，並固定在 其間。 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印裝 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 線 當以P E N或P E T形成非多孔微小絕緣膜時，絕緣 覆蓋層2變成非多孔且具有高介電強度》但是，在此例中 ，預浸漬材料無法使用於絕緣覆蓋構件7 »在此情況下， 熱固樹脂以半固定狀態塗覆在P E N或P E T膜之表面上 之熱固樹脂材料使用當成絕緣覆蓋層2。而後，絕緣覆蓋 層2之膜繡繞導體1和絕緣覆蓋構件7之構造。 (第六實施例） 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐)~~ ~ 9 - 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 圖7爲使用依照本發明之第六實施例之乾式變壓器線 圈之絞線之線圈的截面圖。爲了增加在繞組疊層方向中之 絕緣厚度，導體1覆蓋以具有突起8之絞線絕緣覆蓋層， 該突起乃由事先形成之突起8 a所形成。在捲繞工作時， 每次捲繞一層端時，介於相鄰突起8 a間之間隙充填以清 漆9，該清漆可在短時間內固定，以確保絕緣性質。在此 實施例中，亦可預期到不使用中間層紙片和樹脂射出模之 效果。絕緣覆蓋層8由非多孔絕緣材料製成。 圖8爲在圖1 7之習知線圈構造中，中間層電位分佈 之圖，而圖9爲在不使用中間層紙片之構造中之中間層電 位分佈之圖。在兩例中，電場強度受到分析，並確認電場 強度之存在已否以確定獲得如圖所示之結果。.使用聚醯胺 未編織片當成絞線絕緣覆蓋層2和中間層絕緣片6。在圖 8所示之習知線圈構造中，導體覆蓋層2爲0. 05mm x2片，而中間層絕緣片爲0.13mmx3片，而在不 使用中間層絕緣片之例中，導體覆蓋層2計算爲0. 05 mmx 5片。假設中間層電位差異爲1 0 〇%，在圖8中 之等位曲線間隔7. 7%，而在圖9中爲10%。和圖8 比較，在圖9中電場並未較集中，此即表示不使用中間層 片並無任何關係。 其次，具體的覆蓋膜厚度依照絕緣材料之性質而定。 通常，介於線圈之導線匝之絕緣厚度由例如材料之特性（ 如介電強度）而定。另一方面，在介於線圈層之中間層部 份獲得氣隙爲零是相當困難的。結果，易於發生由氣隙所 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） 一 10 - ---------1裝-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、?τ ^ A 7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 產生之部份放電現象。當發生部份放電時，絕緣材料會有 由電暈放電破壞之可能性，如此會導致介電崩潰。因此， 在叠層方向的線圈的中間層部份之絕緣厚度必需具有足以 防止部份放電之值。 在實際製造一變壓器線圈時，不可能製造一種介於相 鄰導體匝間之絕緣層中無任何間隙（氣隙）之變壓器線圈 ，如圖2所示。在線圈之實際產品中，由於導體之厚度之 不均勻性和繞組處理之不規則性，通常在介於相鄰導體匝 間之絕緣層中會發生氣隙。 放電現象不會發生在線圈匝之方向中，在介於相鄰繞 組匝間之低電位差異中。放電現象會發生在疊層方向中之 相鄰繞組間。當介於層間之電位差異逐漸增加時，由氣隙 所分享之電壓超過在氣隙上之放電電壓，且開始部份放電 。經由考量此種固體介電之複雜介電質和氣隙，由介於由 氣隙所分享之電壓和放電電壓間之關係，即可決定部份放 電啓始電壓。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖1 0爲存在於線圈之中間層部分之氣隙之例的示意 圖。在圖1 0中，電壓V。施加於電極之間，電壓Ve爲由 氣隙所分得之電壓，電壓Vs爲由介電質所分得之電壓， 其分別表示成如式（1 )和（2 )所示。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準（CNS)A4規格（210X297公釐） -11 - A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 )5. Description of the invention (6) On the two surfaces of the insulating coating layer 2 of the conductor 1 in the stacking direction. The material of the insulating reinforcement member 7 is preferably an insulating material having a low dielectric constant, such as PA (polyamide), PEN (polyethylenedicarboxylate), Pi (polyimide), PEI (polyether amide) Amines), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PET (ethyl terephthalate). Even if the insulation reinforcing member 7 is fixed to only one surface in the lamination direction, as shown in the fourth embodiment of FIG. 5, the intermediate layer insulation function can be completed. (Fifth Embodiment) As shown by the circle 6, the insulation reinforcement member 7 is directly fixed to the conductor 1 and the strand insulation covering layer 2 is formed on the outer surface of the insulation reinforcement member. In this example, the insulation reinforcement member is also provided as an insulation cover layer, and when the prepreg insulation material is used as the insulation reinforcement member 7, only by performing heat treatment after the winding of the conductor 1 is completed, the adjacent strands can be ensured The junction of the turns and the winding surface. The resin in the prepreg 7 penetrates the cover layer 2 and is fixed therebetween. Printed by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) When the non-porous micro-insulating film is formed with PEN or PET, the insulating cover layer 2 becomes non-porous and has a high dielectric "Strength" However, in this example, the prepreg material cannot be used for the insulating covering member 7 »In this case, the thermosetting resin material applied to the surface of the PEN or PET film in a semi-fixed state is used as insulation Overlay 2. Then, the film of the insulating cover layer 2 is wound around the structure of the conductor 1 and the insulating cover member 7. (Sixth embodiment) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~~~ 9-Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau of Central Standards Staff Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Invention description (7) Figure 7 is A cross-sectional view of a coil of a stranded wire of a dry-type transformer coil according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In order to increase the insulation thickness in the winding lamination direction, the conductor 1 is covered with a stranded wire insulation coating having protrusions 8, which are formed by protrusions 8 a formed in advance. During the winding operation, the gap between adjacent protrusions 8 a is filled with varnish 9 each time the end of one layer is wound, and the varnish can be fixed in a short time to ensure insulating properties. In this embodiment, the effect of not using the interlayer paper sheet and the resin injection mold can also be expected. The insulating cover layer 8 is made of a non-porous insulating material. Fig. 8 is a diagram of the potential distribution of the intermediate layer in the conventional coil structure of Fig. 17, and Fig. 9 is a diagram of the potential distribution of the intermediate layer in a structure in which no interlayer paper sheet is used. In both cases, the electric field strength was analyzed and the existence of the electric field strength was confirmed to determine whether the results shown in the figure were obtained. . Use polyamide unwoven sheet as strand insulation cover layer 2 and intermediate layer insulation sheet 6. In the conventional coil structure shown in FIG. 8, the conductor cover layer 2 is 0.05 mm x 2 pieces, and the intermediate layer insulation sheet is 0.13 mm x 3 pieces, and in the case where the intermediate layer insulation sheet is not used, the conductor cover layer 2 is calculated It is 0.05 mmx 5 pieces. Assuming that the potential difference of the middle layer is 100%, the isotopic curve interval in Fig. 8 is 7.7%, and in Fig. 9 it is 10%. Compared with Fig. 8, the electric field is not concentrated in Fig. 9, which means that it does not matter if the intermediate layer is not used. Second, the specific thickness of the cover film depends on the nature of the insulating material. Generally, the thickness of the insulation between the turns of the coil is determined by, for example, the characteristics of the material (such as dielectric strength). On the other hand, it is quite difficult to obtain an air gap of zero in the middle layer portion between the coil layers. As a result, it is easy to occur due to the air gap. The paper standard is universal Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm). 10---------- 1 installed-(please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page),? Τ ^ A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) Partial discharge phenomenon. When a partial discharge occurs, the insulating material may be destroyed by corona discharge, which will cause the dielectric breakdown. Therefore, the insulation thickness of the intermediate layer portion of the coil in the lamination direction must have a value sufficient to prevent partial discharge. When actually manufacturing a transformer coil, it is impossible to manufacture a transformer coil without any gap (air gap) in the insulating layer between adjacent conductor turns, as shown in FIG. 2. In the actual product of the coil, due to the uneven thickness of the conductor and the irregularity of the winding treatment, an air gap usually occurs in the insulating layer between adjacent conductor turns. The discharge phenomenon does not occur in the direction of the coil turns, in the low potential difference between the turns of adjacent windings. The discharge phenomenon occurs between adjacent windings in the stacking direction. When the potential difference between the layers gradually increases, the voltage shared by the air gap exceeds the discharge voltage across the air gap, and partial discharge begins. By considering the complex dielectric and air gap of this solid dielectric, the relationship between the voltage shared by the air gap and the discharge voltage can determine the partial discharge starting voltage. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an example of the air gap existing in the middle layer of the coil. In Figure 10, the voltage V. Applied between the electrodes, the voltage Ve is the voltage divided by the air gap, and the voltage Vs is the voltage divided by the dielectric, which are expressed as shown in equations (1) and (2), respectively. This paper scale is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) -11-A7 B7 Fifth, the invention description (9)
V d, a ea*de + ea*da xV„ (1) (2) xV„ s" ea-d3 + ea-ds 其中V。：跨過電極之電壓 d β :氣隙長度 V β :氣障之分壓 V s :介電質之分壓 d s:介電質之厚度 e a :氣隙之介電常數 ee :介電氣之介電常數 由於氣隙之介電常數小於中間層覆蓋構件之介電常數 ，且空氣之介電崩潰電壓低於介電質之介電崩潰電壓，當 跨過線圈層之高電位增加時，在氣隙上首先發生介電崩潰 。因此，部份放電啓始電壓爲氣隙之分壓，並由式（1 ) 所定。假設空氣之介電常數爲1 ，則中間電極電壓V。 如式（3 )所示： (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) v 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 d. V，V*(1 +才瓦) (3) 中間層電暈啓始電壓V。設定爲額定電壓V。/之 1. 5倍，且介電常數ee2絕緣體之厚度由改變氣隙長 度4 a和將在paschen曲線之（1^上之大氣壓下的放電電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X297公釐） -12 - ^^^248 at __B7_ 五、發明説明（10 ) va之值代入式（3 )中而得。如此所獲得之絕緣厚度 在固定氣隙長度da上最大。當中間層電壓爲V。/時，該 值設定爲介於介電常數^3之相對層間之厚度。以下說明 各種不同絕緣材料之中間層厚度β 當中間層額定電壓爲70 0伏時，預浸漬（es = 4. 5)之絕緣材料之厚度t爲0. 36mm，PET ( ε s = 3 . 2)之厚度爲 0 26mm，和 PEN(es = 3. 0)之厚度爲0· 24mm。 當中間層額定電壓爲5 0 0伏時，預浸漬絕緣材料之 厚度爲0. 19mm，PET之厚度爲0· 13mm，和 PEN之厚度爲〇. 12mm。當中間層電壓爲300伏 時，預浸漬之絕緣材料厚度爲0. 06mm，PET之厚 度爲0. 04mm，和PEN之厚度爲〇. 〇4mm。另 —方面，安插在相同線圈層中之垂直相鄰繞組匝之絕緣層 厚度由絕緣層之材料之介電崩潰電壓而定。由於只有非常 低位準之電位實際發生在垂直相鄰繞組匝間，在考慮製造 方法和成本下，0. 01至0. 05mm之絕緣厚度已是 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 足夠的》 圖1 1爲用以製造如圖7所示之繞組線圈絞線之裝置 的實施例之圖。圖1 1之裝置使用一般之方法以製造琺瑯 塗覆線，該方法藉由重覆噴漆，烘烤和將琺瑯塗覆在一導 體上之循環而執行。除去黏著至噴漆部份之多餘漆量，因 此，在通過琺瑯液體槽後，導體1可立即的塗覆以適當厚 度之膜。特別的，在使用髙黏性之清漆時，使用金屬模 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13 - A7 _B7 _ 五、發明説明（U ) 1 3以除去過多之清漆。藉由使用金靥模1 3 (其相關於 突起8 a形成一凹陷）之拉起模製處理，則可在導體1之 絕緣覆蓋表面上形成突起8 a，如圖7所示。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 以下參考圖1 2，1 3和1 4說明用以捲繞導體1之 絞線之裝置。圖1 2爲4和5所示之絞線之捲繞裝置。一 捲線軸1 7剛好在導體1之前捲繞，以捲軸型式之絕緣加 強構件7在導體1之叠層方向由上和下接合至導體1以使 其緊密接觸，且所得的片受到捲繞。在圖6之絞線之例中 ，在絕緣加強構件7在導體1之疊層方向中由上和下接合 至導體1時，如圖1 3所示，絞線絕緣覆蓋層2受纏繞以 圍住導體1和絕緣加強構件7，而所得之導體1之構造縷 繞在一捲線軸1 7上。圖1 4爲用於圖7所示之繞組線圈 之捲線裝置之圖。每次在捲繞時，捲繞至一層端下，藉由 以泵1 9充填清漆9在介於突起8 a間之凹槽中，可將清 漆9塗覆在線圈層之整個週圍，ά形成堅固的中間層絕緣 層。較佳的，欲塗覆在層間之清漆可利用以紫外線照射， 紅外線照射或熱處理之裝置1 8而在短時間內固化》特別 是，當使用之清漆可在短時間固化而不會干擾繞組工作時 ，並不需提供如圖7所示之突起8 a ，且可提供具有固定 絕緣覆蓋厚度之中間層絕緣層。再者，當絞線絕緣覆蓋層 2由可自熔清漆製成時，在繞組工作後，僅經由熱處理即 可達成線圈之接合。 使用經由繞組工作之導體絞線而形成之繞組線圈之實 施例如圖2之截面圖所示。但是，在此例中，當第一層之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -14 - A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（12 ) 繞組終止且中間層電壓在返回線圈端最大時，導體之捲繞 方向可輕易的反向》在此部份之介電強度較差。藉由以具 有突起凸緣2 0之中間層絕緣層覆蓋線圈之端表面如圖 1 5所示，介於導體1之匝間之隔離距離可增加以增加對 抗高電位之介電應力》此種型式之導體絞線可藉由使用如 圖1 1所示之金屬模1 3進行塗覆清漆而形成。中間層絕 緣層2可利用非多孔絕緣材料製成》 圖1 6爲使用依照前述實施例之繞組而產生之變壓器 之外觀之立體圖。本實施例之線圈在捲線操作後，並不需 要樹脂射出操作，且可經由介於繞組間之自我熔化而接合 ，且其具有條絞部份2 0延伸在線圈週邊方向。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 依照本發明，在乾式變壓器線圈之製造處理時，可省 去在習知中間層絕緣紙片每次插入繞組端之一層之疊層中 ，且絞線外絕緣層由預浸漬材料製成，以可僅藉由應用熱 處理即可提供相鄰絞線匝和繞組表面之接合，因此，可省 去預浸潰工作，藉此可獲得非常顯著之優點，即，可改效 工作效率，可降低材料之成本和能量，且該乾式變壓器線 圈可以較低之成本製造。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -15 -V d, a ea * de + ea * da xV „(1) (2) xV„ s " ea-d3 + ea-ds where V. : Voltage across the electrode d β: length of air gap V β: partial pressure of gas barrier V s: partial pressure of dielectric ds: thickness of dielectric ea: dielectric constant of air gap ee: dielectric of dielectric Electrical constant Because the dielectric constant of the air gap is less than the dielectric constant of the covering member of the intermediate layer, and the dielectric breakdown voltage of the air is lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage of the dielectric substance, when the high potential across the coil layer increases, the Dielectric collapse occurs first on the gap. Therefore, the partial discharge starting voltage is the partial pressure of the air gap and is determined by formula (1). Assuming that the dielectric constant of air is 1, the middle electrode voltage V. As shown in formula (3): (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) v. Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Beigong Consumer Cooperatives d. V, V * (1 + talent) (3) Middle layer Corona start voltage V. Set to rated voltage V. / Of 1.5 times, and the thickness of the dielectric constant ee2 insulator is changed by the length of the air gap 4 a and the discharge electricity under the atmospheric pressure of (1 ^ above the paschen curve) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Μ Specification (210X297mm) -12-^^^ 248 at __B7_ V. Description of invention (10) The value of va is substituted into formula (3). The insulation thickness thus obtained is the largest on the fixed air gap length da. The voltage of the intermediate layer is V./hour, the value is set to the thickness between the relative layers of the dielectric constant ^ 3. The thickness of the intermediate layer of various insulating materials is explained below. Β When the rated voltage of the intermediate layer is 70 volts, pre-impregnation (Es = 4.5) the thickness t of the insulating material is 0.36mm, the thickness of PET (ε s = 3.2) is 0 26mm, and the thickness of PEN (es = 3. 0) is 0 · 24mm. When the rated voltage of the intermediate layer is 500 volts, the thickness of the pre-impregnated insulating material is 0.19 mm, the thickness of PET is 0.13 mm, and the thickness of PEN is 0.12 mm. When the voltage of the intermediate layer is 300 volts, the pre-impregnated The thickness of the insulating material is 0.06 mm, the thickness of PET is 0.04 mm, and the thickness of PEN is 0.04 mm. On the other hand, the The thickness of the insulating layer of vertically adjacent winding turns in the same coil layer is determined by the dielectric breakdown voltage of the material of the insulating layer. Since only a very low level of potential actually occurs between vertically adjacent winding turns, the manufacturing method and cost are considered Next, the insulation thickness from 0.01 to 0.05mm has been printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page). Enough "Figure 1 1 is used to manufacture Figure 7 A diagram of an embodiment of a device for winding coil strands as shown. The device of FIG. 11 uses a general method to manufacture an enamel coated wire by repeating painting, baking, and coating the enamel on a conductor The cycle is executed. Remove the excess amount of paint adhered to the sprayed part, so after passing through the enamel liquid tank, the conductor 1 can be immediately coated with a film of an appropriate thickness. In particular, when using a high-viscosity varnish, Use the metal template paper scale to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -13-A7 _B7 _ 5. Description of the invention (U) 1 3 to remove excessive varnish. By using the gold mold 13 (which is related The protrusion 8 a forms a depression), and the molding process can be formed on the insulating covered surface of the conductor 1, as shown in Figure 7. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and then fill out this page) The following describes the device for winding the stranded wire of the conductor 1 with reference to Figures 12, 3, and 14. Figure 12 shows the winding device for the stranded wires shown in 4 and 5. A spool 1 7 is wound just before the conductor 1, and the insulating reinforcement member 7 in the form of a spool is joined to the conductor 1 from above and below in the lamination direction of the conductor 1 to make it come into close contact, and the resulting sheet is wound. In the example of the twisted wire of FIG. 6, when the insulation reinforcing member 7 is joined to the conductor 1 from above and below in the lamination direction of the conductor 1, as shown in FIG. 13, the twisted wire insulation coating 2 is wound around The conductor 1 and the insulation reinforcement member 7 are held, and the resulting structure of the conductor 1 is wound on a bobbin 17. Fig. 14 is a view of a winding device for the winding coil shown in Fig. 7; Each time it is wound, it is wound under the end of a layer, and by filling the varnish 9 with the pump 19 in the groove between the protrusions 8 a, the varnish 9 can be coated on the entire circumference of the coil layer, forming Rugged interlayer insulation. Preferably, the varnish to be applied between the layers can be cured in a short time using a device 18 irradiated with ultraviolet rays, infrared radiation or heat treatment. In particular, when the varnish used can be cured in a short time without interfering with the work of the winding At this time, it is not necessary to provide the protrusion 8 a as shown in FIG. 7, and an intermediate insulating layer with a fixed insulating covering thickness can be provided. Furthermore, when the strand insulation coating 2 is made of a self-fusible varnish, the coils can be joined only by heat treatment after the winding works. An embodiment using a winding coil formed by a conductor strand working through a winding is shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2. However, in this example, when the paper size of the first layer is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -14-A7 B7___ 5. Description of the invention (12) The winding is terminated and the middle layer voltage is in the return coil When the end is the largest, the winding direction of the conductor can be easily reversed. The dielectric strength in this part is poor. By covering the end surface of the coil with an intermediate insulating layer having a protruding flange 20 as shown in Figure 15, the separation distance between the turns of the conductor 1 can be increased to increase the dielectric stress against high potential The type of conductor strand can be formed by applying a varnish using the metal mold 13 shown in FIG. 11. The intermediate insulating layer 2 can be made of non-porous insulating material. Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the appearance of a transformer produced by using the windings according to the foregoing embodiments. The coil of this embodiment does not require resin injection after the winding operation, and can be joined by self-melting between the windings, and it has a stranded portion 20 extending in the peripheral direction of the coil. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) According to the present invention, it is possible to omit the insertion of the windings in the conventional interlayer insulating paper during the manufacturing process of dry-type transformer coils In the stack of one of the ends, and the outer insulation layer of the strand is made of prepreg material, so that the bonding of the adjacent strand turns and the winding surface can be provided only by applying heat treatment, therefore, the prepreg can be omitted Working, thereby obtaining very significant advantages, that is, work efficiency can be improved, material cost and energy can be reduced, and the dry-type transformer coil can be manufactured at a lower cost. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -15-