TW483976B - Fire-protecting materials and its manufacturing methods - Google Patents

Abstract

In this invent, the fire-resistance insulating materials is made of porous and light organic or inorganic boards like mineral wool, glass fiber wool, foamed metal, vermiculite board, foamed polymer like phenolic resin foam, or wood/polymer blend. The materials coated on the above mentioned porous and light boards are inorganic materials or the blend of inorganic materials to which porous materials, the porous-producing chemicals, or fiber for reinforce can be added, if necessary. Thus the light porous boards and inorganic coatings can be combined together in situ with excellent adhesion and fire-resistance. Also, other inorganic board can be put on this coated light and porous boards before or after it is dried so as to constitute the fire-resistance doors or walls.

Description

483976 V. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention In recent years, frequent fires in Taiwan have caused people to lose their lives or huge property losses, and people are talking about fire. Therefore, the government and private organizations have continuously developed a series of fire-resistant building materials, and fire doors and firewalls The development is even more enthusiastic. In the draft of the Chinese National Standard (1966), it was proposed that fire doors must be fire-resistant, complete, and heat-resistant. Complete door assembly. In addition to the functions of general doors, fire doors have the function of closing smoke, flames, and thermal energy for a certain period of time in the event of a fire, thereby preventing extended burning and the expansion of the fire. These doors provide fire protection and evacuation functions to minimize the severity of the disaster in the event of a fire. Fire door is one of the most important ring buckles in fire prevention planning. In the fire prevention planning, it is the purpose to prevent the flame from expanding and limiting the range of extended burning. Therefore, it is required to have fire resistance for a certain period of time, and it should also have good smoke resistance. A fully functional fire door will be a risk factor in fire prevention planning, and eventually cause the fire prevention plan to lose its function. Firewalls also play an important role in fire planning components. Recently, the dry wall (Drywa 1 1) system is increasingly used as a planned structure for large-scale buildings and high-rise buildings in China. Although its combination and construction are fast and convenient, it is difficult to make mistakes in the fire protection method. Bring into play the role of fire performance and fire planning. At present, dry light partition wall systems commonly used in China include gypsum board system, calcium silicate system, fiber cement board system. These systems are different from each other in their internal framework (light steel frame or wooden frame) and filling materials.

Page 5 483976 V. Description of the invention (2) There is no special difference in material (rock wool or glass wool blanket). As for the light partition wall of the same system, factors such as the thickness, stability, flame resistance level and overlap method of the panel material, the material and construction method of the internal skeleton, the material and density of the filling material, etc., all have the fire resistance performance of the overall component. In addition, the assembly construction method also has an effect on ensuring fire resistance. Relevant technical descriptions. For fire doors and firewalls, in addition to the surface material must have non-combustible functions, its fire protection function is mainly derived from its core material. The material of core materials will not only affect the fire resistance of the fire door, but also affect its weight. , Durability, moisture resistance, and cost. Generally used magnesium oxide (calcium) board or calcium silicate board are made of polymer and adhered to the surface of the heartwood. This method will often reduce the adhesiveness of the polymer or even peel it due to its long service life. Separation often occurs when exposed to fire, and thermal properties are not as good as expected. In addition, when the polymer is heated, it will decompose and penetrate the fire, which will cause the generation of dense smoke. The calcium silicate board will be easily exfoliated after being exposed to fire, and the magnesium oxide board will have turtles after five minutes of exposure to fire. The phenomenon of cracks makes the fire tongue spread to the heartwood. The patents of the Republic of China 318518, 339813 use expanded polymer or inorganic cotton as the heartwood, and then add fireproof blankets or inorganic plates. If the core material is made of inorganic material, the weight of the entire fire door (2110 mm X 1130 mrax 45 _) is about 58 ~ 62 kg, which causes inconvenience in use and construction. The inorganic sheet will regain a large amount of moisture, so that the moisture content is as high as 3 8 ~ 42%, and the overall density is between 1.5 ± 0 · 2g / cm3. This fire door is easy to cause gradual damage to the core material or fire prevention due to different use environments.

Page 6 483976 V. Description of the invention (3) Can decrease. It is to apply foamed resin particles (such as PVC, ure or VPC) to it. However, in the manner of foam, the external surface of the foam expands as expected, and the particles will be cracked due to high temperature. As a core material, its intumescent fire retardant paint will decrease. In addition, the Republic of China Patent 2 3 7 8 6 6, 2 5 9 1 9 2 (polyurethane resin, PU) plus a layer of high-grade EVA, etc. ) Or decorative materials (such as vapor-penmeationc melamine board, etc.), which also disclosed the use of intumescent fire retardant paint, the application of such intumescent fire retardant paint to fire-resistant polymers, the fire retardant paint does have a fireproof effect, but in the development of In the case of attaching external boards, the fireproof paint cannot reduce the fireproof function and cause high fireproof decomposition. In general, the manufacture of fire doors and walls is often done by attaching the machine sheet to the core material. Therefore, if the fire doors and walls made by the aforementioned system have poor fire prevention effects. In addition, it has moisture-absorbing components, so its fire prevention ability is several years later. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to apply a mud formed by an inorganic fireproof mixture to an organic or inorganic porous lightweight heartwood, and to produce a light weight by itself. Fire-resistant core material. Since the coating method is adopted, the light-weight core material and the coating can be integrated into one body, and the adhesiveness is good. In addition, since a polymer adhesive is not used, there is no such disadvantage. The self-adjusted inorganic coating can prevent the cracking phenomenon and improve the cracking of the magnesium oxide (calcium) board on the general fire-exposed surface, causing the fire tongue to pass through the board and burn the core material, so it can fully improve the effectiveness of the fire door. In addition, because of the use of inorganic materials, it will not affect its fire resistance due to the addition of decorative materials. In addition, the core material of the present invention has excellent weather resistance, making the fire door calendar

Page 7 483976 V. Description of the invention (4) It will not change for a long time. The general fire door is lightened and Xu Sheng is as thick as the invention of the door. The thick test shows that the normal annulus such as rock porosity Phenol dimension, woody mixture kaolin stone, and really increases the hole. use. This Phenol Inorganic Blend is naturally dry. Calcium Silicate is prepared by dispatching and densely inventing the cotton in the inorganic environment, glass light cotton ic res cotton, inventions such as water, oxidized perlite or interstitial fascia or ic res compounds in the invention. 4 small its excellent performance and firewall, and inorganic plate-like degree of self-made, in addition to the stability of fire-resistant coatings. The core glass used, the outside of the heartwood, PU, in foam and wood chips, mud, gypsum, silicon, silicic acid and other porous foam medicine. The weight of each embodiment of the present invention is greatly changed, so that the fireproof coatings of fire doors and firewalls will not be powdery and peel off after being exposed to fire. On the other hand, the thickness of the inorganic fireproof coating, and the moisture absorption and dehumidification rate of the self-made inorganic fireproof coating is not high, which means that the material is a lightweight organic or inorganic material, honeycomb cotton, foamed metal, Slate PE, PVC, Epoxy " Acrylic-Polymer foam, wood light board, etc. The applied fire-resistant coatings can be inorganic, calcium silicate, magnesium oxide, silica sand, and viscous salts. Among them, porous thermal insulation materials, organic or inorganic materials can be added. It can also be added, if necessary, the fiber can be added for good weight production. The fireproof rate test material is inorganic fiber or its soil, such as Rongzeng will strengthen the core material, such as the heartwood, such as rock wool, PU foam, in foam, etc. are cut into the frame of the composite material, and the above amount of water is added to make it evenly mixed into a thick material. After the inorganic fire-resistant coating is coated on the outer surface of the heartwood, electric heating is also used. Dry for five hours. In addition,

Page 8 483976 V. Description of the invention (5) Repeat the above coating steps on the other outer surface of the heartwood. After coating on both sides, completely dry the core material. If necessary, the surface of the board can be covered with a melamine decorative surface, and after the core material is dried or not dried, a decorative material or a fire-resistant plate such as calcium silicate board can be pasted to make a firewall or a fire door core. (Figures 1 and 2). The fire-resistant core material prepared in the example was placed in a small test furnace, and the temperature was controlled by using the gas flow and air volume. According to a standard temperature and time control meter, it was observed that the appearance of the fire-resistant core material was not fire-resistant after one hour of burning. Those who are considered to have harmful changes such as deformation, damage, peeling, peeling, etc., do not produce flames that reach the non-heated surface of the test body, and cracks or gaps that are harmful to the fire protection function, and the temperature does not exceed 2 60 ° C. In addition, the fireproof core material of the present invention does not generate a lot of dense smoke, which proves that the fireproof core material of the present invention has an excellent fireproof function. The fireproof core material of the present invention is light in weight, and its specific gravity is between 0.2 and 0.4, which is much lighter than commercially available core materials (generally, the specific gravity is between 0 · 4 ~ 0 · 8), which is quite innovative. And light fire-resistant core material with excellent fire resistance. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments The present invention will be described in detail in the following examples: First embodiment The cement 20, gypsum 60, calcium silicate 10, and foaming agent 1 are thoroughly mixed to obtain an inorganic fireproof mixture. The second embodiment uses cement 40, vermiculite 50, calcium silicate 20, gypsum 20, and kaolin 20.

Page 9 483976 V. Description of the invention (6) Stirring and mixing the inorganic matter will obtain the inorganic fireproof mixture. Third Embodiment The cement 20, gypsum 30, calcium silicate 10, fiber 5, and foaming agent 1 were mixed with a high-speed mixer to obtain an inorganic fire-resistant mixture. In the fourth embodiment, rock wool cut into 4 8 · 5 cm X 4 8 · 5 cm X 1 · 8 cm is placed in a composite material frame (50 cm X 50 cm X 3 cm), and the filling of the heartwood is completed. After that, the mixture of the first embodiment is added with an appropriate amount of water to uniformly mix into a viscous fireproof coating, and the self-made fireproof coating is applied to one surface of the heartwood. The dry thickness is 6mm. After the fireproof coating on the surface of the core material is naturally dried for 24 hours, it is dried for 5 hours using an electric heater (1200 W), and the coating process can be repeated on the other surface of the heartwood. (2) After coating on both sides, completely dry the fireproof core material of the present invention, and finally attach a 2-legged Melamine decorative surface to the surface. In the fifth embodiment, a PU foam cut into 48.5 cm X 48.5 cm x 1.8 cm is placed in a composite material frame (50 cm X 50 cm X 3 cm). After the filling of the heartwood is completed, the mixture of the second embodiment is mixed. Add an appropriate amount of water to uniformly mix it into a viscous fire-resistant coating, and then apply the self-adjusted fire-resistant coating to one surface of the heartwood. The thickness after drying is 6 bandits, and it will be coated on the surface of the heartwood. The fireproof coating is naturally dried for 24 hours, and then dried for 5 hours with an electric heater. The above coating steps can be repeated on the other surface of the heartwood.涂布 After coating on both sides, completely dry the fire-resistant core material of the present invention. Finally, the surface of 2 mm melamine decorative surface is pasted.

Page 10 483976 V. Description of the invention (7) In the sixth embodiment, a Phenolic resin foam cut into 48.5 cm X 48.5 cm x 1.8 cm is placed in a composite material frame (50 cm x 50 cm x 3 cm). ), After the filling of the heartwood is completed, the mixture of the third embodiment is added with an appropriate amount of water to uniformly mix it into a viscous fireproof coating, and then the self-made fireproof coating is applied to one surface of the heartwood After drying, the thickness is 6 minutes, and the fireproof coating applied on the surface of the heartwood is naturally dried for 24 hours. After drying with an electric heater, the coating process can be repeated on the other surface of the heartwood.涂布 After coating on both sides, completely dry the fire-resistant core material of the present invention. Finally, the surface of 2 mm melamine decorative surface is pasted. In the seventh embodiment, rock wool cut into a size of 4 8 · 5 cm X 4 8 · 5 cm X 3 cm is placed in a composite material frame (50 cm X 50 cm X 3 cm), and the filling of the heartwood is completed. Then, according to the coating step of the fourth embodiment, firstly, the inorganic mixture of the second embodiment was added with appropriate water to uniformly mix into a thick fireproof coating, and then a fireproof coating was applied to a surface of the heartwood to a thickness of 10 mra. After the electric heater is dried, the other side is coated with a thickness of 10, and the two sides are coated and dried to complete the surface fire treatment of the core material as the material of the partition wall. In the eighth embodiment, Phenolic resin foam cut into 48.5 cm X 48.5 cm X 1.8 cm was placed in a composite material frame (50 cm x 50 cm x 3 cm). After the filling of the heartwood was completed, the second embodiment The inorganic mixture is added with an appropriate amount of water to make it evenly mixed into a viscous inorganic fireproof coating, and then the fireproof coating is coated on the front and back surfaces of the heartwood so that each has a thickness of 10 legs.

Page 11 483976 V. Description of the invention (8) After heat drying, fireproof core material can be obtained. In the ninth embodiment, Phenolic resin foam cut into 48.5 cm X 48.5 cm x 1.8 cm was placed in a composite material frame (50 cm x 50 cm x 3 cm), and the filling of the heartwood was completed. After adding gypsum to an appropriate amount of water to uniformly mix it into a viscous fire-resistant coating, apply 6-leg thick fire-proof coating to the front and back surfaces of the heartwood. After heating and drying, fire-resistant core material can be obtained. The tenth embodiment puts the specimens of the fourth to ninth embodiments into a small test furnace of 50 x 50, whose main heat source is liquid gas, which is ignited by an instant electric shock, and the temperature is controlled by the gas flow and air volume. The standard temperature and time control is shown in Table 1. After burning for one hour, observe whether its appearance burns through, whether the exposed surface is severely burned, whether the back has cracks, and whether a large amount of dense smoke is generated. At the same time, measure the back temperature according to the CNS standard. And the observed results are listed in Table 2. According to CNS test, the time required for Class A fire test specimens to reach a back temperature of 2 60 ° C must be more than one hour, and for Class B fire test specimens to reach a back temperature of 26 0 ° C. The time required must be more than 30 minutes. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent structural changes made by applying the description of the present invention and the scope of patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention. The embodiment of the core material of the present invention has good fire resistance. Three test specimens were made in the fourth and seventh embodiments and sent to a large fire prevention center. The temperature rise curve in Table 1 is used. The schematic diagram of the back temperature test points is shown in Figure 3. Back-temperature test

Page 12 483976 V. Description of the invention (9) The fastest time to exceed the temperature of 2 60 ° C is as follows: Sample A: When the measuring point 1 is at 8 5 minutes 3 5 seconds, the back temperature temperature exceeds 2 60 ° C; Specimen B · When measuring point 5 is at 9 2 minutes 5 6 seconds, the back temperature is over 2 60 ° C; when measuring point 6 is at 4 3 minutes 0 4 seconds, the back temperature is over 2 60 ° C, The results shown in Table 3 are the same as those obtained in the test (Table 2) of the tenth embodiment.

Page 13 483976 V. Description of the invention (ίο) Table 1 Standard temperature and time control table for test furnace Heating time (min) i 3 5 1 0 1 5 20 25 3 0 3 5 40 45 50 55 60 Furnace temperature (° C) 1 00 33 0 540 70 5 760 79 5 820 840 860 880 895 905 9 1 5 92 5 Table 2 Consistent Example IX Fire test results Test specimen implementation method Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example Eighth embodiment Ninth whether the test body is burned through No no No No no No Exposed surface Burned no No No No No No No cracks on the back No No No No: No No Time required for back temperature to 260 ° C (min) 40 53 63 75 78 65 Whether heavy smoke is generated No Slightly No No No No Table 3 Fire test results sent to a large fire prevention center Test No. Test body A 'Test body B Test body C Test body burned through No No exposure Whether the fire surface is burned out No No No Whether there is crack on the back side No No No Time required for back temperature up to 260t (min) 85 + + 43 Whether heavy smoke is generated No No No

1IRH1I Page 14 483976 Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 Three-dimensional sectional view of fire-resistant core material A. Veneer decorative material B. Fiberglass net C. Fire-resistant coating D · Fibrous material (heart material) E. Fire-resistant core material Figure 2 Completed perspective view Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the back temperature test point A: When the measurement point 1 is at 85 minutes and 35 seconds, the temperature exceeds 2 60 ° CB: When the measurement point 5 is at 9 2 minutes and 5 6 seconds, the temperature exceeds 2 60 ° C: The measurement point 6 At 4 3 minutes and 04 seconds, the temperature exceeds 2 60 ° C. Figure 4. The back temperature curve of the seventh embodiment (sample A) being tested as a large fire prevention center. Figure 5. The seventh embodiment (sample A). Tested back temperature curve of a large fire prevention center. Figure 6 Tested back temperature curve of a fourth fireproof center (sample C).

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Claims (1)

483976 VI. Scope of patent application 1. A fire-resistant core material, comprising: a heartwood; a layer of fireproof coating, which is evenly coated on one surface of the heartwood and can be attached to the surface of the heartwood after drying In the above, the fire-resistant coating is a fire-resistant inorganic substance, a substance that can increase pores or foam, and an appropriate mixture of appropriate water uniformly. 2. For example, the fire-resistant core material in the scope of patent application, wherein the heartwood is a porous lightweight material. 3. For example, the fire-resistant core material in the second item of the patent scope, wherein the heartwood is selected from the group consisting of rock wool, glass wool, aluminum honeycomb cotton, foamed metal, vermiculite, PU, PEI, PVC, epoxy, acrylic, A family of phenolic resin foams composed of polymer foams, wood fibers, wood cotton, and wood chips. 4. For example, the fire-resistant core material in the scope of patent application, wherein the fire-resistant inorganic substance of the fire-resistant coating is optional free cement, gypsum, calcium silicate, magnesium oxide, silica sand, clay, kaolin, silicon oxide, and silicic acid. A family of inorganic salts or mixtures thereof. 5. For example, the fire-resistant core material in the scope of the patent application, wherein the material that can increase the porosity or foam of the fire-resistant coating is vermiculite, perlite, porous thermal insulation material, other porous organic or inorganic materials, or Is a foaming agent. 6. For the fire-resistant core material in the scope of the patent application, fiber can be added to the fire-resistant coating for reinforcement. 7. For the fire-resistant core material of the scope of application for item 1, it further includes a group of composite material frames around the heartwood. Page 16 483976 VI. Scope of patent application 8. The fire-resistant core material according to item 1 of the scope of patent application further includes decorative panels attached to the surface coated with the fire-resistant coating. 9. A method for manufacturing a fireproof core material, comprising the following steps: (a) uniformly coating a fireproof coating on an external surface of a core material, the fireproof coating is a fireproof inorganic material, which can increase porosity and foaming A dry substance made by uniformly mixing a substance and an appropriate amount of water; and (b) naturally drying the heartwood coated with the fireproof coating, and then performing electric heating drying. 10. The method for manufacturing a fireproof core material according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, further comprising the following steps: (c) uniformly coating the fireproof coating on the other outer surface of the core material; and (d) applying The heartwood coated with the fireproof coating on both sides was completely dry. 1 1 · The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 9 of the patent application, which includes a step of placing the heartwood in a composite frame before step (a). 1 2. The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a step of attaching a decorative panel to the surface coated with the fire-resistant coating. 1 3. The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the heartwood is a porous lightweight material. 14 · The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 13 of the scope of patent application, wherein the heartwood is selected from the group consisting of rock wool, glass wool, aluminum honeycomb cotton, and foamed gold Page 17 483976 VI. The scope of the patent application is polymer foams, lignocellulosic fibers, lignocellulosic fibers, and wood chips, vermiculite slabs, PU, PE, PVC, epoxy, acrylic, and hope resin foams. The group of people. 15. The method for manufacturing fireproof core material according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the fireproof inorganic substance of the fireproof coating is optional free cement, gypsum, calcium silicate, magnesium oxide, silica sand, clay, kaolin, oxidation A group consisting of silicon, inorganic silicates, or mixtures thereof. 16. The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the substance that can increase pores and foam of the fire-resistant coating is vermiculite, perlite, porous thermal insulation material, other porous organic or inorganic materials. Materials, or foaming agents. 1 7. The method for manufacturing a fire-resistant core material according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the fire-resistant coating can be added with fibers for reinforcement. 1 8. A fireproof core material comprising: a light heartwood; and a gypsum fireproof coating which is evenly coated on one surface of the heartwood and adheres to the surface of the heartwood after drying, the gypsum fireproof coating It is a viscous substance made by uniformly mixing gypsum with an appropriate amount of water. 19. The fire-resistant core material according to item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein the heartwood is selected from the group consisting of rock wool, glass wool, aluminum honeycomb cotton, foamed metal, vermiculite slab, PP, PE, PVC, epoxy, A family consisting of polymer foams of acrylic and phenol resin foams, wood fibers, wood cotton, and wood chips. 20 · If the fire-resistant core material in item 18 of the patent application scope is further included Page 18 483976 Page 19