TW520439B - Electrochemical methods and devices for use in the determination of hematocrit corrected analyte concentrations - Google Patents

Electrochemical methods and devices for use in the determination of hematocrit corrected analyte concentrations Download PDF

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TW520439B
TW520439B TW090102109A TW90102109A TW520439B TW 520439 B TW520439 B TW 520439B TW 090102109 A TW090102109 A TW 090102109A TW 90102109 A TW90102109 A TW 90102109A TW 520439 B TW520439 B TW 520439B
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analyte
concentration
time
sample
hematocrit
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TW090102109A
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Timothy J Ohara
Mahyar Z Kermani
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Lifescan Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/327Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
    • G01N27/3271Amperometric enzyme electrodes for analytes in body fluids, e.g. glucose in blood
    • G01N27/3274Corrective measures, e.g. error detection, compensation for temperature or hematocrit, calibration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/66Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood sugars, e.g. galactose

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Biotechnology (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(i ) 10 15 20 消 本發明‘領域係關於測定分析物,尤其是以電化學測定 分析物,更明嫁的說是以電化學測定血液分析物。背景 檢測生理液體(例如:血液或源自血液之產物)中之分析 物對於現行社會生活的重要性是與曰俱增。分析物檢測法 可應用於各種用途,其中包括臨床實驗室測試、家庭測試 等,其中該測試結果對於各種疾病的診斷及治療均扮演著 極重要的角色:其中重要的分析物包括:控管糖尿病的葡 萄糖、或膽固醇等。為了因應此類分析物檢測日與俱增的 重要I·生開务出各種供臨床及家庭使用的分析物檢測實 驗準則及裝置。 ' 其中-種係用電化學方法檢測分析物。在該方法中, 水溶性液體樣品係置於電化學槽内之反應區中,槽内有二 種電極β即參考電極及工作電極,其中電極的阻抗得以適 用於測1安培值。待分析之成分可直接與電極、或直接或 間接的與氧化還原劑反應而形成可氧化(或可還原)物質, 其數*m對應於待分析之成分的濃度,即分析物。可氧化 (或可逛原)物質之數量再以電化學料並換算成存在於起 始樣品中之分析物量。 八中待測疋之生理樣品為全血或其衍生物,在測量 刀析物之取終濃度時樣品之血球容積可導致分析誤差。例 如’在f化學測量實驗準則中,分析物濃度係由所觀察到 的時間-瞬^:電流決定,而血球容積可降緩電化學槽内的化 頁 本紙張尺度_中關幻 520439 A7 B7
學平衡及/或藉由提高槽内樣品的黏度來降緩酵素 學,以致於使時間電流的反應縮小而造成分析誤差。' 力 ^因此、,如何發展出一種可至少將因血球容積造成的八 析誤呈減到最低的方法便極為重要。某些實驗準則使用: 5液過濾膜將紅血球細胞去徐而使血球容積的影響減到印 低。此類特定實驗準則的缺點在於會使樣品體積及所兩: 測試次數增加。其它種實驗準則著重在微血管的充填^間 測疋。然而,此類實驗準則會使讀取時的數據及裝置更 稷雜。纟它具體實施例則是分別使用^種額外的電極測二 10血球容積,此亦會使數據及裝置更形複雜及昂貴。’、疋 因此,目前仍繼續研究以電化學方式測量·生理樣品私 分析物之濃度的新方法,此方法可使因樣品之血球容積告 成的分析誤差減到最低。 貝k 相關文獻 15 相關的重要專利文獻包括:5,942,102以及 97/18465 。 本發明概要 本發明提供一種檢測生理樣品中分析物之濃度的方法 及裝置。此方法係將生理樣品引入内有工作電極及參考電 極的電化學槽中。在槽内施加第—個電位並於第一個 時間内測量所產生的槽電流以測定第一個時間_瞬變^ 流。再於槽内施加極性相反的第二個電位並測定第二個時 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
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本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱 520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(3 間-瞬變電溘。再由第一個及 出分析物的初濃度(C )。將此=一個時間-瞬變電流計算 „ ^ + (。)將此分析物的初濃度扣減背景值 容積校正係數’即得到樣品中分析物之濃 : 積校正係數係、為分析物的初濃度及電化學 槽内2電流值(γ)在時間-瞬 ▲ 了"蚵殳電流中之比值的函數。此方 法及裝置適用於測定t γ目# 田#、 隹不问樣〇 口中之各種分析物,尤其適 用於測定全血或其衍生物中之八 6玍物中之分析物,其中最受重視的特 疋分析物為葡萄糖。 圖式簡單說明 10 15 20 圖1為利用在各種葡萄糖及血球容積值下的實驗數據 取侍的(:0、γ以及a(C(),Y)作成的三度空間圖。 避定具體f施例之說明 此方法係將生理樣品引入内有工作電極及參考電極的 電化學槽中。在槽内施加第一個電位並於第一個一段時間 内測里所產生的槽電流以測定第一個時間·瞬變電流。再於 槽内施加極性相反的第二個電位並測定第二個時間_瞬變 電W。再由第一個及/或第二個時間_瞬變電流計算出分析 物的初濃度(C。)。將此分析物的初濃度扣減背景值後再乘 以血球容積校正係數,即得到樣品中分析物之濃度,其中 血球谷積板正係數係為分析物的初濃度及電化學槽内變數 的函數。此方法及裝置適用於測定在不同樣品中之各種分 析物’尤其適用於測定全血或其衍生物中之分析物,其中 1 _____-5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐 520439 A7
5 10 最文重視的特定分析物 坪认廢耔+ 士、+ ®萄糖。本發明將先說明方法月 此方法代表性的應用^。 万Μ 在進一步描述本發 下述之本發料定的具體^ ’先7本發明並非限制於 仍屬申請專利範圍。同體實施例的變化 特定的具體實施例,而相所使用之*㊄目2在於說明 附的申請專利範圍為主。以限制。本發明範圍將以隨 兒月文及附加的中請專利範圍中,若 明,則各參考文獻包括數個。若益m,目/、、、=別才曰 的技藝及科學術語均盥孰籴明掉^ 、丨文所用 ^ 。本叙叼所隸屬之技藝的一般專 業人士所瞭解者具有相同的代表意義。; 方法 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
總結言之,本發明提供一種經血球容積計校正檢測在 生理樣品中分析物濃度值的方法。經血球容積計校正之分 析物浪度意指以本方法測出之分析物濃度值已經過調整或 改變而完全將所有血球容積對此值之影響予以消除。換言 之,以本方法測定之該濃度值已經修正過,以致於在施行 本方法時樣品中的血球容積對此值並不具任何影響。因 此,在此方法中將分析物信號中的血球容積信號予以消 減,而在最後決定經血球容積計校正的分析物之濃度時僅 使用分析物之信號。 此方法之第一個步驟係將一定數量的待測生理樣品引 進電化學槽,槽内有隔開的工作電極及參考電極和氧化還 -6- · ^----------^---------線! (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐 520439
、發明說明(5 5 ο 11 5 11 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 原^系統。生理樣品各有不同,但對許多具體實施例而言 通f2全血或其衍生物或溶析份,其中許多具體實施例特 J是王血。引入測試板反應區域的生理樣品(例如血液)其 曰各仁般約介於〇 · 1至1 〇微升,通常約介於〇 9 至1.6微升。可用任何合宜的實驗準則將樣品引入反應區 域,其中可將樣品注入反應區域,以便進 諸如此類的合適方法均可。 义内 " 本方法基本上除了可使用間隔開的工作電極及參考 電極和氧化還原劑系統之電化學槽之外,本方法有許多具 體實施例係、使用電化學測試板。本發明此類具體實施例使 用的電化學測試板係由二個以薄層分隔相對而立的金屬電 極組成,由這些組成物界定出反應區域或區,介於其間的 是氧化還原劑系統。 、 某些具體實施例的電化學測試板其工作電極及參考電 極的形狀為長方形板。電極長度一般約介於1.9至4 5 I 分,通常約介於2.0至2.8公分。電極之寬度約介於〇二 至〇·76公分’通常約介於〇 51至〇 67公分。參考電極之 典型厚度通常介於約10至100毫微米,通常約介於⑺至 公分1些具體實施例的其中—個電極長度較另一個電 極長度短,典型地約〇·32公分。較短的電極可為 或參考電極。、 此外,工作電極及參考電極的另一特色是面對著板之 反應區域的電極表面必為金屬材質,可用的金屬包括:鈀、
(請尤閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁}
520439
五、發明說明(6 ) 5 ο ΊΧ 5 11 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ο 2 、 资銀、4反、捷添的氧化錫、不錄鋼等。許多呈 體實施例採用的金屬為金或鈀。電極理論上可全部為金屬 材質,不過各電極一般均由在惰性支架表面上的一層金屬 電極薄片作成。此類具體實施例之惰性支架材料其厚度通 苇約"於51至356微米,通常約介於102至153微米,而 金屬層之厚度典型地約介於10早100毫微米,通常約介於 10至40笔祕米,例如:喷濺金屬層。任何合宜的惰性支 架材料均可適用於本電極,其中通常採用能同時支撐電極 及電化學測試板構造的堅固材料。可作為支架的適當材料 土括:塑膠,例如PET、PETG、聚醯亞胺、聚碳酸酯、聚 本乙烯、石夕、陶、玻璃、等。 用於本方法此類具體實施例之電化學測試板的特色之 一為如上述說明的工作電極及參考電極係相對而立且相隔 僅有一段小距離,以致於在介於電化學測試板反應區或區 域=工作電極及參考電極之間的距離極小。在本測試板工 作電極及參考電極之間的最小間距係因為在工作電極及參 考電極之間存在或夾有一層薄間隔層的結果。此間隔層之 厚度一般應小於或等於500微米,通常約介於1〇2至153 微米。可將間隔層切割以便所形成的反應區或區域上至少 有一個通往反應區的入口孔及離開反應區之出口孔。可將 間隔層切割成圓形的反應區域,其上有側入口孔及出口通 風孔或出口,或其它形狀,例如方形、三角形、長方形、 不規則形狀的反應區域、等。間隔層可由任何合宜的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公髮) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁}
520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7 ) 5 10 15 20 製成,其中代表性的適當材料包括:pET、p 胺、聚碳酸酯、及其類似者,其中間隔層表面可妳處㈣ 附在各個電極上以便維持電化學測試板的結構。尤盆 用以壓模切割成雙面膠黏板作成的間隔層。 、疋 本發明此類具體實施例所用的電化學測試板包括一個 =工作電極、參考電極及間隔層界定的反應區或區域,里 中此類元件之說明如上。明確言之,工作電極及參考電極 二定=應區域的頂端及底部,而間隔層則界定出反應區 域之側壁。反應區域的體積至少約〇 !微升,通常至少 更:更Γ至少約μ微升,其中該體積可高達 微升或更焉。如上述所言,反應區域一般而言至少包“一 個入口孔,許多具體實施例亦包括_個出口孔。入口友出 口孔的橫切面區域可加以改變,只要其足以讓液體有效的 進出反應區域即可,但—般約介於9 χ ig.4至5 X…平 公分,通常約介於13 HO·3至2·5 χι〇-3平方公分。 在反應區域内則有氧化還原劑系統,該試齊〔系统提供 由電極測定以決定生理樣品中分析物之濃度的物質。在反 應區域㈣氧化還原㈣統通f至少包括酵素及物。 =具體實施例其氧化還原劑系統的酵素成分為一種酵素 ’夕種可協同氧化待測分析物的酵素。換言之,氧化還原 劑系統的酵素成分係由一種分析物氧化酵素或由兩種或多 種可㈣氧化制分析物的酵切組成。㈣酵素包括: 氧化酶、去氳酶、脂酶、磷激酶、二膦酶(咖。職)…查 訂 線 I -9- 本紙張尺度適用中酬家標準(CNS)A4規格(ix 297公^ 520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(8 ) 5 10 15 啉基蛋白質等。 在反應區域内的特定酵去 ^ ”種類因/刀析物或其檢測的% 化予測㈣而異,其t代表性的酵葡萄糖去氫酶、膽固醇酯酶、胪.片 :*化酶’ 甘㈣激酶、甘油_3_磷酸酿氧化酶、㈣喊月曰= 脫氫酶、丙酮酸酯氧化酶 ft Sic屁萨l .、 醇氧化酶、膽紅素氧化酶、 f等。許多較佳的具體 =婦,其氧化還原劑系統的酵素成 := 酵素,例如:㈣糖氧化酶或葡萄糖去氫酶。 减 氧,還原劑系統中的第二個成分為中介物成分,其由_ 由入仏丄 ^在此技勢中習知的各種不洞< 中物试劑包括··氰化鐵、啡唯 酸鹽、聯伸苯二胺、卜甲該啡啡氧/广鹽、啡啤甲氧硫 — Τ氧基-非口井甲氧硫酸鹽、2,6-二甲 :本弁^ 2,5一氯_1,4·苯并酿、二茂絡鐵衍生物、 一 口比σ定餓錯合物、釕錯人物、 物中等。在一些目的在測定分析 成物的:::且以葡萄糖氧化酶或葡萄糖去氫酶為酵素組 成物的具體實施财,其特定的調控物為氰化鐵之類。 其它可在反應區域内之試劑包括:緩衝試劑,例如: :鹽、檸檬酸鹽、帛果酸、順丁烯二酸、磷酸踏、” ^好二緩衝液等。不過可存在之其它試劑包括:二價陽離 歹1 °.乳化詞和氯化鎮;吨咯基喳啉酿;界面活性劑, Tnton、Mac〇1、Tetr〇mc、叫顿、z〇nyi 及 PW ; M劑’例如:白蛋白、蔗糖、漏董糖、甘露糖醇及乳糖。
• I I I - :ί 裝 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再真寫‘I吣 •線·
本紙張尺度適用中國0^i?7FNS)A4規格S X 297公釐) 520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(9 5 10 15 氧化运原劑糸統一般為齡燥形斗 Jtr 欠S ^ 又巧钇“形式。各種組成物之用量 各異’其中酵素成分之用量一妒的 并、s〜八 用里I約介於1 S 100毫克/毫 :,通吊約介於5至80毫克/毫升;中介物成分之用量一 般約介於5至1 000毫莫耳 莫耳濃度。 旲斗辰度通常約介於90至900毫 力在^人樣品之後便得到第—個及第二個時間_瞬變電 ::。:由在槽中施加一個固定的電位並觀察其槽内電流變 化-段時間而獲得第一個及第二個時間·瞬變電流。換言 :Η在:中施加弟一個及第二個脈衝即可觀察到所造成的 時間電流。因此’藉由在槽中,例如:介於工作電極 二及:考電極之間,施加一個固定的電位或第一個脈衝, 亚硯①在電極之間的電流變化一段時間,即 變,即得到第一個時間-瞬變電流。所施加的第二個二立豆 強度一般而言約介於0至-Ο.6伏特,通常約介於-0.2至_〇.4 伙特。觀察電極之間電流變化以得到第一個時間-瞬變電流 的時期-般約介於3至20秒,通常約介於4至ι〇秒。 第二個時間電流係以對電極施加第二個固定電位或第 二個脈衝(通常與第一個固定電位極性相反),並於第二個 時段觀察其電極之間的電流變化而得到。此第二個固定電 位的強度—般約介於0至+0.6伏特,通常約介於+0.2至 + 〇.4伏特,許多具體實施例其第二個電位的強度係與第一 個電位的強度相同。第二個時段一般約介於^至Μ秒,通 常約介於2至4秒。在此第二個時段内觀察其電極之間的 訂 線 1 — -____~11 * 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS)A4規格(21Q χ 297公爱) 520439 A7 五、發明說明 了:且::測定此槽的第二個時間-瞬變電流。說明 流之全;測取:二其广一個及第二個時間-瞬變電 二個時間,變電第-個及第 第二:二的下-個步驟係利用所測得的上述第一個以及 弟-個時間瞬變電流來測定··⑷本方no声法中γ係定義此電化學槽偏離理想狀態之程 二在理想狀態之下γ應為-亦你^^ ::束之剛成劑平衡及葡萄糖反應應完全。若其中任何一 =達=更將引起此比例偏離w之:分子係定義皆在槽 中也口弟—個電位後所觀察到的恒 值時的第二個時間瞬變電流。其分母係定義成p;^ 段趨近結束時(即施加第_個電位或第—個脈衝趨近 時)在短暫時間㈣平均電流。此平均電流的短暫測定、相 :般係在·2至2秒内,通常約介於.2至1.5秒,更通常介 於約·2 i 1·25秒,若干具體實施例的短暫測定時間約3 秒。此平均電流之測定時間係接近第一個時段之尾聲,一 般係在約0.1 i !秒。在某些具體實施例中是以下式說明 5 15 線 20 y = iss/i
PP .12- 本紙張尺度顧巾關(CNS)A4規格d 297公釐 ^20439 五、發明說明(η ) 10 其中: 1SS為施加第二個電位後的恒定電流; W則為當第-個時段將結束(即在槽中施加第—個電位接 ^尾聲)時短暫時間内的平均電流。例如,其中第—個時段 二10秒之久,其平均電流可為在此10秒之8 5至9 5秒 時:平均電流,也就是距第一個時段結束! 〇秒至〇 5秒 ,時段。如上述’第—個以及第二個時間-瞬變電流亦用以 推斷樣品中待測分析物的初濃度值。㈣具體實施例之分 析物的初濃度值係以下列公式測定:
i(t) - iss {1 + 4exp(.4^Dt/L2)} iss = 2FADC〇/L 其中 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
15 20 iss為施加第二個電位後的恒定電流; i為測量的電流,其為時間的函數 2為槽的擴散係數,其中此係數可由費氏(Fick,s)第一 定律測出,即 L為間隔層之厚度; t為施加第二個電位之時間,其中t=〇為脈衝開始的時 C。為分析物的初濃度; F為法拉第常數,即9.6485x104庫余/莫耳;以及 L________ -13- 本紙張尺度顧家規格 520439 五、發明說明(12 A為工作電極的面積。 使用上述公式及步驟所觀察到第一個 10 15 瞬變電流係用於測定*用此方間 理樣品中待測分析物的初濃度值。 γ及刀析- 初濃度值可測定血球容積校正係數,此:::;分析物έ 即用於胳L 數此血球谷積校正係| p用於將原先或上述的分析物初濃度值以血 生“斤物浪度值。將分析物的初濃度(通 ==積校正係數後可得到經血球容積計校正= ’辰&即已移除血球容積成分的濃度值。血球容十 校正係數為分析物的初濃度和電化學槽γ的函數。" 任何可與初濃度(通常已扣除背景值,如下詳 相乘的血球容積校正餘料於本方法使用。本方法使用 球容積校正係數係源於以使用許多分析物及 农谷積值所得的實驗數據C。”以及a(C。,γ)作成的三 度空間圖。血球容積校正係數(4。,州係使用下式: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
a(Cc,Y)=實質濃度/(c。_背景值) (例如,若其中分析物為葡萄糖,則許多具體實施例之α (c。, γ)等於測定出之葡萄糖濃度(使用YeU〇w Instrument葡萄糖分析器型號23A (描述於美國專利第 968,760號,其全文在此併入參考文獻)除以扣除了背景值 的C。’例如22毫克/公合)。此類血球容積校正係數通常是 ______ -14- 本紙張尺度翻巾關家標準(cN^S7iT〇 χ 297公$
520439 A7 B7 五 10 、發明說明(1: 、種將預i彳值及實際值之誤差減到最少的平滑表面函數的 凑合公式。參見例如,以下實驗部份。本方法應用的其中 種血球容積校正係數是: 1/((0.6637) + ((4.9466*ln(C〇))/ C0) + (.〇.4〇12*1η(γ))) 、、本I明為了決定經血球容積計校正之分析物濃度,上 述測侍^分析物初濃度(c。),在扣除背景信號值後,即乘 旦求谷積扠正因子。初濃度扣除的背景值係取決於所測 里的刀析物。對葡萄糖而言,此值一般約介於。至4 /公合,通常約介於8至25毫克/公合 背景佶的??古士 夕,、篮貝如L例中 7、值約22宅克/公合或22毫克/公合。 一般而言,下式係用以測定本發明經血 之分析物濃度: I奋積叶校正 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} ;裝 15 石] 經血球容積計校正之濃度=灰球容積校正係數 x [c0 .線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 20 其中 冷為背景值;而 c。為分析物的初濃度。 上述說明之方法會產生一個經血球容積 物濃度值,即已、、古、士 0孩w L七A 又之分 I匕4減及移除血球谷積成分的濃度值。 因i
Si尺度適用中國國規格; -15- 297公楚) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
520439 A7 B7
"供了 一種用以精確測定樣品中分析物濃度值之方法。 曾壯上述本方法之計算步驟可以人卫計算或藉由自動化言 1 #衣置,其中若干具體實施例係使用自動化計算裝置, 如於下文中討論相關之裝置。 ^ * 、本發明亦提供一種應用於本發明之計量器。本气旦π :測取生理樣品中經血球容積計校正之分析物濃度::: 里的器材。本計量器-般包含:⑷-種裝置用以將樣品引 入化學槽内並測量槽電流隨著時間之變化以#到第一個 間:瞬變電流’· (b)一種裝置用以在電化學槽施.加第二個電 :並測量槽電流隨著時間之變化以得到第二個時間_瞬變 书机,(c) 一種裝置用以由該第一個以及第二個時間-電流 測出分析物的初濃度及變數γ ;以及(句一種裝置可去除初 濃度中的血球容積成分以導出該樣品中經血球容積計二: 之分析物濃度。裝置⑷及(b)可$任何適#的裝置,发中 具代表性的裝置如W0 97/18465及美國專利第5,94^1〇2 ,所述;其*文在此併入參考文獻。袭置⑷及⑷一般為計 量器内的計算裝置以便能用測出的第—個及第二個時間瞬 變電流得到最後經血球容積計校正之分析物濃度。因此, 裝置(c)通常為一種能用上述公式自第一個以及第二個時 間-瞬變電流決定待測分析物的初濃度及γ的裝置。同樣 地,裝置⑷通常為-種裝置能用±述公式決定經血球容積 計校正之分析物濃度的裝置,其中此裝置通常包含血球六 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) 520439 A7 B7 15 10 、發明說明( 積校正因手。 下列實施例其目的僅於示範而非限制。 實驗 工.製備電化學測試板 依下列方法製備出由呈三明治排列之二種金屬化電極 組成的電化學測試板。測試板上層為以金喷濺成的聚酯薄 :板。中間層為雙面勝黏層,上有穿孔介定出反應區或區 域二圓型穿孔有二個並列的長方形入口及出口道。測試板 2層為⑽噴錢的聚g旨薄膜。在把噴賤面上有氰化鐵及 «萄糖去氫酶PQQ之沉積層。 * (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝 Π•產生實驗數據 以各«萄糖濃度及血球容積不同的樣品取 15個及第一個時間瞬變電流如下。將樣品置於板上,复 •〇3伏特的電位持續施加1〇秒,然後再以+〇 3伏 二個脈衝持續施加3至1〇秒(其中, 位: 對於金電極)。 电從又電位係 口 V · 丨線_ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 20 ΠΙ.導出葡萄糖之血球容積校正係數 以上述測得之一系列葡萄糖及血球容積值的C 以及a(C0,Y)。C〇係由公式導出: 0、 -17- Μ氏張尺度適用中國國公爱) ^^439 A7 五、 發明說明(16 10 心)=1SS {1 + 4exp(-47i2Dt/L2)} iss = 2FADC〇/L 其中 lss為施加第二個電位後的恒定電流; 1為測量的電流,其為時間的函數丨 β 13為槽的擴散係數,其中此係數可由費氏(Fick,s)第一 定律測出,即 L為間隔層之厚度; t為施加第二個電位之時間,其中t=〇為脈衝開始的時 C。為分析物的初濃度; F為法拉第常數,即9·6485χ104庫侖/莫耳;以及’ Α為工作電極的面積。 15 γ係以下列公式導出: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ο 2 y = iss/ipp 其中: iss為施加第二個電位或第二個脈衝後的恒定電流; 而 ipp為在施加第一個脈衝之1 〇秒期間内第8 · 5至9.5秒 時的平均電流。 a(C〇,Y)係用下列公式測定: -18 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背©--之注意事項再填寫本頁)
520439 A7 B7 五、發明說明(17 a (C〇,7) = YSI 濃度/(C。_22 毫克/公合) /、中 YSI 為以 Yeii〇w Spring Insrum⑽⑴uc〇se Analyzer Model 23A測定之葡萄糖濃度(如美國專利第 ,968,760號所述,其全文在此併入參考文獻)。 ’ ' 將上述測得之一系列葡萄糖及血球容積值的C。、γ以 及《 (C〇J)繪成三度空間圖並展示於圖卜對此圖進行簡單 的公式凑合以使其圖形更為清楚。檢查凑合數據的殘值以 確保此模式之品質。尋得的其經驗公式為: I 血球谷積扠正係數=^((0.6637) + ((4.9466*ln(c。))/。)(0.4012 1η(γ)))上述校正係數在丫 >〇 7及c。〉⑽毫 克/公合之條件下有效。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
•比#乂經血球容積計校正值與γ§1測定值 、帛萄糖板測武一系列葡萄糖和血球容積值產4 =::此數據依本文之^以及球搞合模3 ^積权正公式。經發現,上述制值在使用血封 : :式時大多數的數據點均落在+/-15%之間。同日$ 數^糖,截止值(Μ為42%血球容積,顯示此如 便:’谷積效應已減到最小。為了證實此種演算法, 個不同血液供體進行另—㈣萄糖職。經發規 决异法與先前之數據求得的血球容積效應相似。 上述結果及討論顯示本發明能提供-種簡單且有效的
本紙張巧iiTiiiS (cns)A4^^ 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) :裝 i線. 520439 A7 - --------— B7 —___ 五、發明說明(18 ) ^ ' 方式求得分析物之濃度值,复φ , "中源自血球容積的誤差若不 完全消除便便無法忽視。由於本方法係基於時間_瞬變電流 測量值,彼可適用較簡單的電化學裝置。此外,僅須使用 少量樣品體積及較短的測定時間。因此,本發明對此技藝 5 領域的貢獻不可忽視。 本說明文中所有曾引述之文獻及專利其全文均視同各 文獻或專利經明確引述成全文并入本文的參考文獻。經引 述的任何文獻在申請日期前的揭示文不得以先前之發明為 由而限制本發明引用該文獻。 10 雖然前述發明已用說明文及責施例詳細說明此方法以 助了解,不過一般熟悉此技藝的專業人士將認同本發明說 明可加以某些變化和調整而仍不偏離隨附之申請專利範圍 的原則及範圍。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --壯衣---------訂---------線丨 丨_ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 520439 六、申請專利範圍 1. -撞用㈣定^樣品中經血球容積計校正之分析 物濃度方法,該方法包含: (a)將该生理樣品引入電化學槽,其中 包含: ’、 5 (1)隔開的工作電極及參考電極;以及 (11)氧化還原劑系統,包含酵素及中介物; ⑻在泫反應槽施加第一個電位並測量槽電流隨著時間 之變化以得到第一個時間-瞬變電流; (C)在該反應槽施加第二個電位並測量槽電流隨著時間 1〇之變化以得到第二個時間-瞬變電流;以及 ⑷由。亥第個以及第二個時間瞬變電流導出分析物的 初濃度;以及 ⑷將該分析物的初濃度扣除f景值後乘以血球容積校 15 2係數以導出該樣品中經血球容積計校正之該分析物的濃 濃度其中並測定該樣品中經血球容積計校正之該分析物的 正存2對Γ請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該血球容積校 20自血:分析物的初濃度以便去除該分析物初濃度中源 20自血球容積的成分。 3.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,1 正係數為該分析物初濃度及該電化學槽之丫值的函數。谷、: 全二:=利範圍第1項之方法,其㈣生理㈣ 本紙張尺適用?規格⑽χ撕公髮
    1 n n _ .(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 裝 I---訂· 4. 以(J439 六 申請專利範圍 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 萄糖:如^專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該分析物為毫 杌4“種用以测定在全血樣'^中經血球容積計校正之分 析物濃度的方法,該方法包含: (a)將該生理樣品引入電化學槽,其中 包含: (1)隔開的工作電極及參考電極;以及 (1〇乳化還原劑系統,包含酵素及中介物: /b)在5亥反應槽施加第一個電位並測量 之變化以得到第一個時間·瞬變電流; (c)在次反應槽施加第二個電位並測量槽電流隨著時 之!化以得到第二個時間-瞬變電流;以及 初心由ΙΓ個以及第二個時間瞬變電流導出分析物1 15 ⑷將該分析物的初濃度扣除背景值後乘以血球容積; 2係數以導出該樣品中經血球容積計校正之該分析物的; 濃度其中並測定該樣品中經血球容積計校正之該分析物1 20 A如巾請專難圍第6項之方法,其中該血球容積; 正係數為该分析物初濃度及該電化學槽之γ值的函數 、 萄糖。 ^其中該分析物為 9.如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該酵素是氧 -22- ^紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210x 297公爱)— 5 槽電流隨著時f ^--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· -1線· 520439 A8 B8 C8 D8
    申請專利範圍 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 酵素。 ♦ ίο.如申請專利範圍第9項之方法 為葡萄糖氧化酵素。 礼化酵素 11·種用以測定在全血樣品中經血球容積計 葡萄糖濃度的方法,該方法包含: 之 (a)將該全血樣品引入電化學槽,其中 包含: ’、 ⑴隔開的工作電極及參考電極;以及 (1〇氧化還原劑系統,内含酵素及中介物; 、⑻在該反應槽施加第一個電位並測量槽電流隨著 之變化以得到第一個時間·瞬變電流; >(c)在该反應槽施加第二個電位並測量槽電流隨著時 之Ί:化以知到第一個時間-瞬變電流;以及 '; 、⑷由该第一個以及第二個時間瞬變電流導出葡萄 初濃度;以及 、⑷將該葡萄糖的初濃度扣除了背景值後乘以血球容積 枚正係數以移除該初濃度值中的血球容積成分而導出在嗜 樣品中該經血球容積計校正的葡萄糖濃度; ^ 9Π 、曲其中並測定該樣品中經血球容積計校正之該葡萄糖的 a >辰度。 六I2·如申請專利範圍第丨丨項之方法,其中該血球容積 板正係數為該分析物初濃度及該電化學槽之γ值的函數。貝 13·如申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中該血球容 校正係數等於·· 、 ίο 15 -23· --------------裝—— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} -1線- 度 規格(21。· X 297公釐) 520439 A8 B8 C8 D8
    申請專利範圍 15 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 20 1/((0.6637) + ((4.9466*ln(C〇))/ C0) + (.〇.4〇12*1η(γ))) 其中: C〇為分析物的初濃度;以及 γ為該電化學槽各電流的比值。 …14.⑹申請專利範圍第13項之方法,纟中該樣品中該 葡萄糖的初濃度高於40毫克/公合。 Λ 15 ·如申明專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該電化學 之該變數γ大於0.7。 曰 16. —種測量生理樣品中分析物濃度之安培量的計旦 該計量器包含: I (a) —種裝置可在包含該樣品之電化學槽内施加第一個 電位並測量槽電流隨著時間之變化以得到第一個時 瞬變電流; ' 3 _ (b) -種裝置可在該電化學槽施加第二個電位並測量 槽電流隨著時間之變化以得到第二個時間_瞬變電 流, (c) 一種裝置用以由該第一個以及第二個時間_電流測出 分析物的初濃度及變數γ;以及 (d) —種裝置可去除初濃度中的血球容積成分以導出誃 樣品中之分析物濃度。 Λ Π.如申請專利範圍第16項之計量器,其中該用以去 除血球容積成分之裝置為一種將該分析物的初濃度扣除背 厅、值後乘以血球谷積校正係數之裝置。 ' 18.如申請專利範圍第16項之計量器,其中該血球容 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21Q X 297公髮 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 _ 丨線. 520439 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 積校正係數為該分析物初濃度及該電化學槽之γ值的函 數。 19. 如申請專利範圍第18項之計量器,其中該血球容 積校正係數等於: 5 1/((0.6637) + ((4.9466*ln(C〇))/ C〇) + (·0.4012*1η(γ))) 其中: C。為分析物的初濃度;以及 γ為該電化學槽各電流的比值。 20. 如申請專利範圍第16項之計量器,其中該分析物 10 為葡萄糖。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 · _線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 I 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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