543262 五、發明說明（1) 發明範疇 本發明係屬一種多功能電池管理器，尤指一種可應用 於電動車輛使用之可充式.二次電池而作適當充電所屬^。 發明背景 一般電動車輛使用可充式二次電池作為驅動電源時， 雖在電池（箱）上附加殘量計測器，以監測電池之電容量 狀況，另對於電池過放電之保護機能，則是附加於馬達驅 動器（Power Driver)上，當電池電壓低於保護電壓時， 馬達驅動器將自動感知，並終止工作’停止對電池抽取大 量電流，但電源箱本身卻缺乏適切主動之自我保護機能。 若電池的電容量不幸用完，則須使用適合該種類、該 規格電池之專用充電器，方能對電池作適當充電，如錄 氫、鎳珞、鋰、鉛酸等等都有其要求之充電模式，但各種 電池的專用充電器，卻缺乏相互間的互換性。 舊有以電池電壓判斷放電深度，當電池電壓低於設定 之標準值時’控制由Relay或M0S等（電子式或機械式）開 關元件切斷電池之輸出回路。但電池之端電壓因輸出電流 大小不同產生極大變化，同一容量之電池，其輸出電流越 大時，電池端電壓差越小，反之，輸出電流越小時，其端 電壓差越大，故當輸出電流的變化範圍大時，無法以電壓 方式測出正確之殘電容量。 發明概要 如本發明係屬一種多功能電池管理器，乃為一附加於 電池之模組，其内部具有充電模式控制機能，可輪出充電543262 V. Description of the invention (1) Scope of the invention The present invention belongs to a multifunctional battery manager, especially a rechargeable battery that can be applied to electric vehicles. It is a secondary battery that is properly charged. Background of the Invention When a general electric vehicle uses a rechargeable secondary battery as a driving power source, although a residual capacity measuring device is added to the battery (box) to monitor the capacity of the battery, and the battery over-discharge protection function is additional On the motor driver (Power Driver), when the battery voltage is lower than the protection voltage, the motor driver will automatically sense and stop working. 'Stop drawing a lot of current to the battery, but the power box itself lacks a proper and active self-protection function. If the battery capacity is unfortunately exhausted, you must use a special charger suitable for the type and specifications of the battery in order to properly charge the battery, such as hydrogen recording, nickel, lithium, lead acid, etc. have their requirements Charging mode, but the dedicated charger for various batteries, lacks interchangeability. In the past, the discharge depth was judged by the battery voltage. When the battery voltage is lower than the set standard value, the control circuit uses relays or relays (electronic or mechanical) to cut off the battery's output circuit. However, the terminal voltage of the battery changes greatly due to the difference in output current. The larger the output current of a battery of the same capacity, the smaller the terminal voltage difference. Conversely, the smaller the output current, the larger the terminal voltage difference. When the range of change is large, the correct residual capacity cannot be measured by voltage. Summary of the Invention The present invention is a multi-function battery manager, which is a module attached to a battery, which has a charging mode control function inside, which can be recharged in turns.
543262 五、發明說明（2) 曲線控制訊號作為控制充電器之簡單電源的輸出電壓電流 (Power Supply Uni t )，即可達到所要求之充電曲線。 如此，充電器之構造與機能將變得十分簡單且可共用而無 互換性問題，並可在管理器上附加殘電量計測機能與電池 過放電保護機能，使電池管理同時具有多項機能，以達到 保護電池與管理電池之雙重效用。 如本發明係屬一種多功能電池管理器，乃為一内部具 有適合該電池之充電模式及可輪出控制訊號之控制模組， 該控制模組可計算時間並讀取電池之充電電壓、充電電 流、電池溫度值等，用以計算出控制power Supp 1 y Un i t 之訊號大小，且控制訊號可為電壓或電流訊號，輸出該訊 號以控制Power Supply Uni t出力之電壓或電流，以完成 適合該電池之充電模式。 如本發明係屬一種多功能電池管理器，依直使用之方 法，乃以小電流之放電終止電壓為其保護基準^壓，备 池電壓在基準電壓以上日夺’其輸出與 ；： 電壓降至基準電壓時，並不完全切斷開 共彳-田電池 電流，使電池電壓維持在基準電M ’而以調整輸出 池電壓維持一冑，但輸出電流則逐漸衰‘之，此階段之電 止。如此，保護機能不僅可完全保護電 直至〇電流為 可完全使用電池之電容量，提高電池之免於過放電，且 有保護方式不能兼顧保護與使用效率之用效率’解決舊 〜缺點。 圖式說明 第一圖係本發明多功能電池管理器方 麵543262 V. Description of the invention (2) The curve control signal is used to control the output voltage and current (Power Supply Unit) of the simple power supply of the charger, and the required charging curve can be achieved. In this way, the structure and function of the charger will become very simple and can be shared without interchangeability problems, and a residual power measurement function and a battery over-discharge protection function can be added to the manager, so that the battery management has multiple functions at the same time to achieve The dual function of protecting the battery and managing the battery. If the present invention is a multifunctional battery manager, it is a control module with a charging mode suitable for the battery and a control signal that can be rotated out. The control module can calculate the time and read the battery's charging voltage and charge. The current, battery temperature, etc. are used to calculate the size of the signal that controls power Supp 1 y Un it, and the control signal can be a voltage or current signal, which is output to control the voltage or current output by the Power Supply Uni t to complete the suitable The battery's charging mode. For example, the present invention is a multi-functional battery manager. According to the method used directly, the protection reference voltage is based on a small-current discharge termination voltage, and the backup battery voltage is higher than the reference voltage. Its output and: When the reference voltage is reached, the current of the battery is not completely cut off, so that the battery voltage is maintained at the reference voltage M 'and the output cell voltage is adjusted to maintain a threshold, but the output current gradually declines. stop. In this way, the protection function not only completely protects the electricity until the current is 0, the capacity of the battery can be fully used, and the battery is protected from over-discharge, and there is a protection method that cannot balance protection and use efficiency. The efficiency is used to solve the old ~ disadvantages. Description of the drawings The first diagram is a multifunctional battery manager of the present invention
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圖號說明 10—多功能電池管理器11—電池i 2—控制訊號 13 —控制模組14 —充電電壓15—充電電流 ) 16--電池溫度值17--電源出力j 8一一地線i 9一—開關 20--負載驅動器 發明實施 請參閱第一圖係本發明多功能電池管理器方 依本發明之多功能電池管理器10之功能組合，主要包含一 内部具有適合該電池Η之充電模式及可輸出控制訊號12之 控制模組13，控制模組13可計算時間並讀取電之充電 電壓14、充電電流15、電池溫度值16等，用以計算出控制 電源出力（Power Supply Unit)17之電壓或電流，以完 成適合該電池11之充電模式’並具有電池保護機$者。凡 而依其電池保護機能’除可採用一般之電壓法判斷放 電深度外，亦可採用以下兩種模式之任一種： 其中之一，「以電池之殘電容量作為判斷」，乃以電 池電容量扣除實際輸出電流對時間積分（消乾電容量）作 為殘電容量，才能正確測得剩餘可使用之殘電容量，電 池之放電深度也應由消耗的電容量所決定其剩^可使用之 電容量則相等於（電池容量_消耗電容量）之殘電容量， 電池的保護機能須以殘電容量為基準來判斷停止輸出與否 如此才可避免舊有保護模式造成尚有可使用之殘電容量但 因輪出電流大電壓降低造成誤判保護機能作動致使電池尚 有電卻受保護機能制約無法放電。此方式亦可和電壓保護Explanation of drawing number 10—multi-function battery manager 11—battery i 2—control signal 13—control module 14—charging voltage 15—charging current) 16--battery temperature value 17--power output 9 a—switch 20—load driver invention implementation Please refer to the first figure for the multifunctional battery manager of the present invention. The function combination of the multifunctional battery manager 10 according to the present invention mainly includes a charging function suitable for the battery. Mode and control module 13 that can output control signal 12. The control module 13 can calculate the time and read the electric charging voltage 14, charging current 15, battery temperature value 16, etc., to calculate the control power output. ) 17 voltage or current to complete the charging mode suitable for the battery 11 'and have a battery protection device. According to its battery protection function, in addition to using the general voltage method to determine the depth of discharge, you can also use any of the following two modes: One of them, "take the residual capacity of the battery as a judgment", using battery power The capacity is calculated by subtracting the actual output current from the time integral (drying capacity) as the residual capacity to correctly measure the remaining available residual capacity. The depth of battery discharge should also be determined by the power consumed. The electric capacity is equal to the remaining capacity of (battery capacity_consumption capacity). The protection function of the battery must be based on the remaining capacity to determine whether to stop output or not. However, due to the large capacity drop due to the reduction of the wheel output current, the protection function is misjudged, which causes the battery to be charged but cannot be discharged due to the protection function. This method also works with voltage protection
第6頁 543262 五、發明說明（4) 合併使用，例如： 24V電池 殘電量 放電終止電壓 其中之二，「限制 乃以小電流之放電終止 壓在基準電壓以上時， 降至基準電壓時，並不 流，使電池電壓維持在 電壓維持一定，但輸出 止。如此，保護機能不 可完全使用電池之電容 有保護方式不能兼顧保 80% 〜60 % 〜40% 〜20% 〜0% 15V 〜17V 〜19·2V。 最低電壓，自動調整輸出電流」， 電壓為其保護基準電壓，當電池電 其輸出與一般無異，但當電池電壓 完全切斷開關，而以調整輸出電 基準電壓；換言之，此階段之電池 電流則逐漸衰減，直至0電流為 僅可完全保護電池免於過放電，且 量，提高電池之使用效率，解決舊 護與使用效率之缺點。Page 6 543262 V. Description of the invention (4) Combined use, for example: Two of the 24V battery residual capacity discharge termination voltages, "The limit is when the discharge termination voltage with a small current is above the reference voltage, when it falls to the reference voltage, and No current, so that the battery voltage is maintained at a constant voltage, but the output is stopped. In this way, the protection function cannot be used completely. The capacitor of the battery has a protection method that cannot guarantee both 80% to 60% to 40% to 20% to 0% 15V to 17V to 19 · 2V. The minimum voltage automatically adjusts the output current ". The voltage is its protection reference voltage. When the battery voltage is the same, the output is no different from the general one, but when the battery voltage is completely turned off, the output voltage is adjusted. In other words, this At this stage, the battery current gradually decays, until the 0 current is only sufficient to protect the battery from over-discharge, and the amount, improve the battery use efficiency, and solve the disadvantages of old protection and use efficiency.
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