TW553765B - Ceramic membrane module and the operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A membrane element 10 is formed by parallelly arranging a plurality of membrane tubes 13 made of a ceramic tiny straight pipe of which the foreend is blocked, and collecting and fixing water-tightly with a binding plate 16 the root end of membrane tubes 13 which pass through the binding plate 16. The membrane element 10 is installed within a casing 11 through insertion opening 11 a, and the binding plate 16 is water-tightly mounted on the insertion opening 11a. The casing 11 is provided with a source water supply port 14 connecting to the outside space of membrane tubes 13 on one side of binding plate 16, and a water collector 19 covering the opening 13a on the root end of membrane tubes 13 on the other side of binding plate16. The water collector 19 has a draining port 20 for running away the filtered water.

Description

553765 V. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a ceramic membrane module, and relates to technologies for clean water (purified water) treatment, sewage and wastewater treatment, gas separation, and dust separation. [Prior Art] Generally, as shown in FIG. 32, a generally known film body is a plurality of hollow wire films 2 filled in parallel to the inside of the casing 1, and covers 3 are provided on both sides of the casing. A plurality of hollow wire membranes 2 are attached to the ends of both sides, and the hollow wire membranes 2 are fixed to each other and to the casing 1 in a water-tight manner. As described above, the structure in which a plurality of hollow wire membranes 2 are filled in the housing 1 in a parallel manner has the advantage of being able to arrange the hollow wire membranes 2 in a limited inner area of the housing 1 in a high-density manner. On the one hand, because the bundle of the hollow wire membrane 2 is fixed to the shell 1 in a water-tight manner at the two ends of the shell by means of adhesion or the like, when the bundle of the hollow wire membrane 2 is taken out of the shell 1 , The sealing structure between the casing 1 and the bundle of the hollow wire membrane 2 must be broken and broken, resulting in failure to repair. In addition, when the hollow wire membrane 2 is bent into a U-shape and fixed with a bundle such as a flange, although it can be taken out from the opening on one side of the housing 1, the hollow wire membrane 2 The U-shaped curved portion causes a problem that the hollow wire film 2 cannot be arranged in a limited area inside the housing 1 in a high-density manner. The present invention was created by the creators to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a ceramic membrane module and a method for operating the same, which can not only arrange a membrane tube in a high-density manner, but also easily put a membrane element into or out of a casing. [Inventive Content]

314039.ptd Page 12 553765 V. Description of the invention (2) In order to achieve the above purpose, the ceramic membrane module of the first patent application scope of the present invention is a plurality of thin straight tubular ceramic membranes arranged in parallel in a closed front end Tube, and the base end of each membrane tube passing through the bundle plate is bundled and fixed by the bundle plate to form a membrane element, and then the membrane element is filled into the housing from the membrane element insertion opening, and is impervious to water. The cluster plate is arranged at the membrane element insertion port, and the housing is provided with a first supply and discharge section connected to one side of the cluster plate and the outside of each membrane tube; and the other side of the cluster plate is connected to each The second supply and discharge part of the membrane tube is opened at the base end and communicates with it. According to the constitution of item 1 of the above patent application scope, the membrane tube has rigidity from ceramic material, so it can be supported by cantilever without damage due to its own weight. The thickness makes it long and thin, and reduces its weight. Therefore, the ceramic tube is made into a thin straight tube with a closed front end by using a ceramic material, whereby a plurality of film tubes arranged in a straight line along a predetermined length can be arranged in a parallel and high-density manner, and cantilevered by a bundle plate, and can simultaneously support The membrane tube is filled in the casing in a high-density manner, and the membrane area equivalent to the unit volume of the casing is increased. By bundling and fixing each membrane tube at the base end of only one side of the bundling plate, the membrane element can be more easily attached to and detached from the housing. With the cantilevered support rigid membrane tube, the end of the membrane tube can be formed into a non-fixed state before closing, instead of limiting the shape of the casing, as in the conventional case of fixing the two sides of the membrane tube. Membrane tubes are arranged in casings of arbitrary shapes such as tanks. In addition, if the ceramic membrane module of the patent application No. 2 is applied, a cover is installed in the housing to cover the open side of the base end of each membrane tube inserted in the cluster plate.

314039.ptd Page 13 553765 V. Description of the invention (3) The cover is provided with a housing-side flange provided on the outer periphery of the membrane element insertion opening and a cover-side protrusion provided on the outer periphery of the cover end. Between the edges, the outer peripheral portion of the cluster plate is held, and the membrane element is fixed in the housing by connecting the casing-side flange and the cover-side flange, and on both surfaces of the cluster plate. A gasket for sealing one side of the ring between the cluster plate and the casing-side flange, and a gasket for sealing the other side of the ring between the cluster plate and the cover-side flange, The recess on one side is formed by the inner peripheral surface of the pad on one side and one of the front and back surfaces of the cluster plate, and the inner peripheral surface of the pad on the other side and the other surface on the front and back surfaces of the cluster plate Between the recesses on the other side, an adhesive is used for adhering each of the film tubes to the bundle plate. According to the above description, after the pad on one side and the pad on the other side are connected on both sides of the surface of the cluster plate, the open end of each membrane tube is inserted into the cluster plate. Then, the concave portion on one side and the concave portion on the other side are filled with an adhesive to adhere each membrane tube to the bundle plate. As a result, the recesses on one side and the other side can be formed without machining (cutting). Therefore, the membrane tube can be easily mounted on the cluster plate without performing machining on the cluster plate side. In addition, since each membrane tube is adhered to the cluster plate by an adhesive filled in the concave portions on one side and the other side, the membrane tube can be stably and surely installed on the cluster plate to avoid the generation of the membrane tube. The problem of falling off the cluster board. Furthermore, in addition to the function of sealing between the concentrating plate and the flange, the gasket also has a function of forming a recessed portion, so that the number of parts can be reduced and a simple structure can be formed. In addition, the ceramic membrane module of the third patent application scope is attached to the housing

314039.ptd Page 14 553765 V. Description of the invention (4) A fluid disperser is provided on the side, which can disperse the fluid supplied into the casing and evenly flow into the above membrane tubes. Therefore, when the fluid is supplied to the casing, the fluid dispersion force weakens the flow force and flows evenly into each membrane tube. As described above, since the fluid is caused to flow into each membrane tube in a state where the flow strength of the fluid is weakened and uniformized, the membrane tube can be prevented from vibrating and being damaged. In addition, the ceramic membrane module in the scope of patent application No. 4 is composed of a mounting plate on which the fluid disperser can be installed on the housing side and a pipe body installed on the mounting plate and protruding into the housing. A flow path is formed in the tube body, and a plurality of flow holes are arranged along the axis direction of the tube body and formed on the peripheral wall of the tube body. The directions of the flow holes are perpendicular to the axis direction of the membrane tube and face the casing. Within the perimeter. According to the above, the fluid supplied into the casing flows through the flow path in the tube body of the fluid disperser, and flows out to the outside of the tube body through the respective flow holes. At this time, once the fluid flowing out of each of the flow holes comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing, it changes its flow direction toward the axis of the membrane tube and flows out to each membrane tube. As a result, the fluid can weaken the flow force through the fluid disperser and flow into the membrane tubes evenly. In this way, since the fluid flows into each membrane tube in a state where the flow force of the fluid is weakened and uniformized, the membrane tube can be prevented from vibrating and being damaged. In addition, the ceramic membrane module in the scope of the patent application No. 5 is a cover for covering the open end of the base end of each membrane tube of the membrane element in the casing, and is detachably installed at the membrane element insertion port. A front end protection frame for protecting the front end of a membrane tube group formed by a plurality of membrane tubes is mounted on the

314039.ptd Page 15 553765 V. Description of the invention (5) On the membrane element. According to this configuration, when the membrane element is taken out of the casing, the cover is first removed from the membrane element insertion opening, and then the membrane element is pulled out of the casing through the membrane element insertion opening. In addition, when the membrane element is filled in the casing, the membrane element is inserted into the casing through the membrane element insertion port, and then the cover is mounted on the membrane element insertion σ. Therefore, since the membrane element can be easily taken out and put into the case, the maintenance process of replacing the old membrane element with a completely new membrane element is easier. In addition, as described above, when the membrane element is inserted into the housing from the membrane element insertion opening, when the front end of the membrane tube group is about to contact the peripheral portion of the membrane element insertion opening or the inner peripheral surface of the housing, etc., The front end of the tube group is protected by a front-end protection frame, and the front-end protection frame is formed to be in contact with the peripheral portion of the membrane element insertion opening or the inner peripheral surface of the housing. This can avoid the problem that the front end of the membrane tube group directly contacts the peripheral portion of the membrane element insertion opening or the inner peripheral surface of the casing, etc., and damages the membrane tube. In addition, the ceramic membrane module of the 6th patent application is attached to the cluster board, and a plurality of guide members can be installed to guide the membrane element to the direction where the membrane element can be inserted and inserted, and the front protective frame forms a surrounding membrane. The front end of the tube group is ring-shaped around the outer side and supported by the guide member, and the guide member is arranged in parallel with the membrane tube and is located around the outer side of the membrane tube group. Thereby, when the membrane element is taken out and put into the case, the guide member comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the case and slides, thereby pulling the membrane element in the direction of taking out and putting in.

314039.ptd Page 16 553765 V. Description of the invention (6) Guide. In this way, the membrane element can be smoothly taken out and put in. In addition, for the ceramic membrane module of the seventh patent application range, the membrane tube is formed of a film wall only with a film forming material, and is formed into a shape with a tube outer diameter of 1 to 6 mmp and a tube wall thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm. According to the foregoing, the film tube may be formed into a straight tube having a predetermined strength by forming a tube wall with a film-forming material, and by forming a tube having an outer diameter of 1 to 6 mmp and a thickness of the tube wall of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, The membrane permeation resistance can be controlled to obtain a predetermined throughput. In addition, the general ceramic film-forming pipe has a dual structure in which a film-forming material is coated on the surface of a film support material, and therefore it is not easy to reduce the diameter. In addition, the operation method of the ceramic membrane module of the eighth patent application range is to carry out fluid flow from the first supply and discharge part into the casing and discharge from the second supply and discharge part during normal operation, During the backwash operation, the fluid is supplied into the housing from the second supply / discharge unit while being discharged from the first supply / discharge unit. According to the foregoing, during normal operation, the fluid supplied into the housing from the first supply and discharge unit flows from the outside to the inside of each membrane tube and is filtered, and then passes through the base end of each membrane tube as a filtering treatment fluid. The second supply and discharge unit is discharged to the outside. During the above-mentioned filtration, impurities contained in the fluid are gradually attached to the outside of each membrane tube as a film surface attachment. When peeling off this film surface attachment, the following backwash operation was performed. In other words, when the backwash operation is performed, the fluid (filtration treatment fluid) supplied from the second supply and discharge unit flows into the inside of each membrane tube through the base end opening of each membrane tube, and flows out from the inside of each membrane tube to the outside. , And then discharged from the inside to the outside through the first supply and discharge part. As mentioned above,

314039.ptd Page 17 553765 V. Description of the invention (7) The inside of each membrane tube flows out to the outside, so that the film surface attachments on the outside of the membrane tube can be peeled off and removed from the membrane tube. In addition, the operation method of the ceramic membrane module according to item 9 of the patent application range is that during normal operation, the fluid is supplied from the second supply and discharge unit into the casing, and is discharged from the first supply and discharge unit at the same time. During the washing operation, the fluid is supplied into the housing from the first supply / discharge unit and is simultaneously discharged from the second supply / discharge unit. According to the foregoing, during normal operation, the fluid supplied from the second supply and discharge unit flows into the inside of each membrane tube through the base end opening of each membrane tube, flows out from the inside of each membrane tube to the outside, and is filtered. The filtered fluid is discharged from the inside of the casing through the first supply and discharge unit to the outside. During the filtration described above, impurities contained in the fluid are gradually attached to the inner surface of each membrane tube as a film surface attachment. When peeling off this film surface attachment, the following reverse washing operation was performed. In other words, during the backwash operation, the fluid (filtration treatment fluid) supplied into the housing by the first supply and discharge unit flows into the inside from the outside of each membrane tube, and passes through the second supply through the base end opening of each membrane tube. The discharge section is discharged to the outside. In general, as described above, by allowing the fluid to flow from the outside to the inside of each membrane tube, the film surface attachments on the inner surface of the membrane tube are peeled from the membrane tube and pushed out through the opening of the base end of the membrane tube. At this time, the fluid (filtration treatment fluid) supplied into the housing from the first supply / discharge unit is pressed into the inside of the membrane tube from the outer surface of the membrane tube in the same manner, and therefore adheres to the membrane surface attached to the inner surface of the membrane tube. The object also has the force to make it peel, thereby facilitating the peeling and removal of the adherend on the film surface. In addition, when the fluid flows from the outside to the inside of the membrane tube,

314039.ptd Page 18 553765 V. Description of the invention (8) It is bundled in the membrane tube, thereby increasing the flow velocity in the membrane tube, thereby improving the effect of pushing out and peeling off the film surface attachments on the inner surface of the membrane tube. [Embodiment] In order to explain the present invention in detail, it will be described with reference to the attached drawings. First, the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4. Although the casing 11 of the membrane assembly can have various shapes, in this embodiment, a straight tube shape will be described. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the casing 11 is formed with openings at both ends as the membrane element insertion opening 11 a, and has a casing-side flange 12 at the outer periphery of the membrane element insertion opening 1 1 a. The housing 11 is filled with a plurality of (2) membrane elements 1 0 filled in from the membrane element insertion openings 11 a on both sides, and a water supply space 1 1 formed between the membrane elements 10 on both sides. The position corresponding to b has a source water supply port 1 4 (an example of the first supply and discharge unit) for supplying the treated water, and a concentrated water discharge port 15 ° on both sides, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Generally, the membrane element 10 is composed of a plurality of membrane tubes 13 and a bundle plate 16. Each of the above film tubes 13 is a thin straight tube made of ceramic and formed with a closed front end, and only the film forming material is used to form the tube wall, and the outer diameter of the tube is 1 to 6 mmp, the hole diameter is 0.0 5 to 10 // m, and the length A shape of about 300 to 800 mm. The film tubes 13 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and the base ends are inserted into the through-holes formed in the above-mentioned bundle plate 16, and are filled between the base ends of the film tubes 13. The adhesive material layer 17 is bundled and fixed on the bundle plate 16 in a water-impermeable manner. The above-mentioned membrane element 10 is filled in the casing 1 by each membrane element insertion opening 1 1 a.

314039.ptd Page 19 553765 V. Description of the invention (9) The cluster plate 16 is arranged on the casing side flange 12 in a water-tight manner through a gasket 丨 8 (seal) on one side. The water collecting part 19 ′, which covers the base end opening 13 a of each membrane tube 13, has a filtered water discharge port 20, and is arranged on the cluster plate 16 in a water-impermeable manner through a gasket 21 (sealing material) on the other side. And the housing flange is connected by the fixing bolt 2 2! 2. The collecting plate i 6 and the water collecting part i 9 are fixed together. In addition, the above-mentioned source water supply port 14 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the casing 11 and communicates with the outside of each membrane tube i 3 on the other side of the cluster plate 16. In addition, the above-mentioned water collecting part 19 and the filtered water discharge port 20 are used to constitute the second supply and discharge part, and the other side of the collecting plate 16 is connected to the base end opening 3a of each membrane tube 3 . Here's the function of the above composition. During normal operation, as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 2, the treated water (fluid) supplied from the source water supply port 14 flows into the water supply space 1 1 b in the housing 11, and The position where the front end of each membrane tube 13 is opposite to the occlusion is passed toward the base end side. Thereby, the to-be-processed water can be uniformly supplied to the flow path between each membrane tube 13 by a cross-flow method. When the treated water supplied by the cross-flow method flows from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside, it is filtered by each membrane tube 13 and the treated water passing through the membrane tube 13 passes through the membrane as filtered treated water. The internal flow path 1 3 c of the tube 13 flows into the water collection part 19 from the base end opening 13 a, and is then discharged to the outside through the filtered water discharge port 20. In addition, the water to be treated flows along the membrane tube i 3, and the concentrated water is discharged through the concentrated water discharge port 1 5. Here ’s because the membrane tube 13 has the rigidity of ceramic material, and cantilever-type support can be carried out without being damaged due to its own weight.

314039.ptd Page 20 553765 V. Description of the invention (ίο) The length will become longer as the outer diameter of the tube and the thickness of the wall are reduced to form a thin tube and reduce its own weight. Therefore, the membrane tube 3 can be formed into a thin straight tube with a closed front end by a ceramic material, and can be arranged in a straight line along a predetermined length in a state of cantilever support using a bundle plate 16. Therefore, 'the bundle plate 16 can be used as a cantilever branch and a plurality of membrane tubes 13 can be arranged in parallel. As a result, the membrane tube 13 can be filled in the casing n in a high density manner, and a unit equivalent to the casing 11 can be added. Volume membrane area · The two membrane tubes 13 are fixed to the housing 11 by a bundling plate 丨 6 arranged on only one side. Therefore, when performing maintenance, the housing can be easily removed by simply removing the fixing bolts 22 The body-side flange 12, the collecting plate 16, and the water collecting part 9 are separated to facilitate taking out the membrane element 10 to the outside of the casing 11. In addition, the plate 16 can prevent the film tube 13 from receiving the shape as in the past. By restricting the closed-bundle fixed membrane with the membrane tube 13 and the rigidity of the membrane tube plug on both sides of the front side tube, it is sufficient to form a non-fixed shape in a cantilever manner, such that any shape of It is supported in a bundled state. Therefore, the length of the shell is equipped with a general ceramic membrane tube, which has a double structure formed of a wide support on the membrane. Therefore, it is not easy to reduce the diameter. The tube wall is formed by a film forming material, and & the thin straight tube of the strength of the present invention, and formed 瞢 冰 13 is formed in Zhongding 'scared Ke w dry example from ~ still less wind ears, so that it has A thin straight tube with a predetermined strength is formed into a shape with the outer diameter of the tube and ed formed in a wall thickness of 0.2 to 0-8 mm. Therefore, the L to ^ 'tube can obtain a predetermined flux. In addition, during the normal operation described above, when the outside of the king's palace flows into the inside and transitions, the impurities contained in the membrane S 1 3 and the treated water are included.

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553765 V. Description of the invention (11) It is successively attached to the outer surface of each membrane tube 13 as a film surface attachment. When peeling off the film surface attachment, the following backwash operation was performed. In other words, as shown by the dashed arrow in FIG. 2, the backwash operation supplies filtered water to the casing 11 through the filtered water discharge port 20 and discharges it to the outside through the source water supply port 14. According to the description, the filtered treated water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 20 flows into the inside of each membrane tube 13 through the base end opening 13 a of each membrane tube 13 and flows out from the inside of each membrane tube 13 To the outside, it is discharged from the inside of the casing 11 through the source water supply port 14 to the outside. As described above, since the filtered water flows out from the inside of each membrane tube 13 to the outside, the film surface attachments on the outer surface of the membrane tube 13 are peeled off and removed from the membrane tube 13. In the first embodiment described above, the backwash operation is to discharge the filtered water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 20 through the source water supply port 14, but the filtered water discharge port 20 may also be discharged from the concentrated water discharge port 15 The supplied filtered treated water is discharged. Alternatively, a backwash water discharge port (not shown in the figure) dedicated to backwash water discharge is installed in the casing 11 and discharged through the backwash discharge port. In the first embodiment described above, when the backwash operation is performed, the filtered water (filtered water) is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 20 for backwashing, but a backwash different from the filtered water may also be supplied. Dedicated backwash water. In the first embodiment described above, during normal operation, the treated water is supplied from the source water supply port 14 and discharged through the filtered water discharge port 20, but the treated water may also flow out in the opposite direction. In other words, in the second embodiment of the present invention described below, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the source water supply port 14 (see FIG. 2) in the first embodiment is used as the filtered water discharge port. 3 0 (an example of the first supply and discharge unit), and the filtered water in the first embodiment is discharged

314039.ptd Page 22 553765 V. Description of the invention (12) Port 2 0 (refer to Fig. 2) is used as source water supply port 3 1 (an example of the first supply and drainage unit) 'and collect water in the first embodiment The unit 1 9 (refer to FIG. 2) functions as the water distribution unit 32. The source water supply port 31 and the water collection unit 19 are used to form a second supply and discharge unit. In addition, an exhaust port 3 3 is installed in the casing 11. The effect of the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. During normal operation, as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 6, the water to be treated (fluid) is supplied from the two-source water supply port 31 to the casing 11 and discharged from the filtered water discharge port 30. To the outside. In other words, the water to be treated supplied from the source water supply port 31 to the water distribution unit 32 flows through the base end opening 1 3 a of each membrane tube 13 and flows into the internal flow path 1 3 c of each membrane tube 13. After flowing out from the inside of each membrane tube 13 to the outside and filtered, it is discharged as filtered water from the inside of the casing through the filtered water discharge port 30 to the outside. As described above, when the treated water flows out from the inside of f ΐ 1 3 to the outside and is filtered, 4 shells' contained in the treated water will be attached to the membrane surface and will be successively attached to the inner surface of each membrane tube 13. Peeling = To remove the attachment on the membrane surface, perform the following reverse washing operation. In other words, when performing the backwash operation, as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 6 ^, Mann is to supply the treated water (fluid) from the filtered water discharge port 30 into the shell vortex 1 and supply it from two source waters Port 31 is discharged to the outside. According to the description, the filtered treated water supplied into the housing from the water discharge port 30 is distributed by each membrane tube Ϊ ^ ^ ::, and the base end of each membrane tube 13 is opened D 13 & Caused by ::! 1 and discharged to the outside. As mentioned above, the inner side of the membrane tube 13 flows from the outer side of the f tube 13 to the inner side, so that the upper 13a is pushed out and removed. The surface attachment is peeled from the membrane tube 13 and then opened from the base end

553765 V. Description of the invention (13) At this time, the filtered treated water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 to the housing 11 is pressed from the outside of the membrane tube 13 into the inside of the membrane tube 13 in the same manner. Therefore, the film surface attachments attached to the inner surface of the film tube 13 also have a peeling effect, so that the film surface attachments can be easily peeled off and removed. In addition, when the above-mentioned filtered water flows into the inside from the outside of the membrane tube 13, the flow force of the filtered water is concentrated in the membrane tube 13, and the flow velocity of the internal flow path in the membrane tube 13 is increased. The effect of extruding and peeling the film surface attachments on the inner surface of the film tube 13 can be improved. In the second embodiment described above, the backwashing operation is to discharge the filtered water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 through the source water supply port 31, but a backwash water discharge port may also be installed in the water distribution unit 32. The illustration is omitted), and the filtered treated water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 is discharged through the backwash discharge port, instead of being discharged through the raw water supply port. In the second embodiment described above, when the backwash operation is performed, the filtered water (filtered water) is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 for backwashing, but a backwash different from the filtered water may be supplied. Dedicated backwash water. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7. Cylindrical housings 1 are disposed at both ends of the cylindrical water distribution portion 40, and flanges 41 are provided at both ends of the water distribution portion 40. One end of the two casings 1 1 is closed by a blocking plate 1 1 c, and a membrane element inlet 1 1 a and a casing-side flange 12 are installed at the other end on the opposite side. The case-side flange 12 and the flange 4 1 are connected by a plurality of fixing bolts 22. In addition, between the casing-side flange 12 and the flange 41, a cluster plate 16 and a gasket 18, 2 which are fixed and connected with a membrane element 10 inserted into the casing 11 are connected. The upper part of the periphery of the two shells 11 is provided

314039.ptd Page 24 553765 V. Description of the invention (14) There is an exhaust port 4 2 and a filtered water discharge port 4 3 is provided at the lower part of the periphery (an example of the first supply and discharge unit). The filtered water discharge port 43 is connected to one side of the bundle plate 16 and communicates with the outside of each membrane tube 13. In addition, a source water supply section 44 is provided at the upper part of the periphery of the water distribution section 40, and a backwash water discharge port 45 is provided at the lower part of the periphery. The source water supply unit 44, the backwash water discharge port 45, and the water distribution unit 40 are used to form a second supply and discharge unit, and the other side of the cluster plate 16 is opened with the base end of each membrane tube 3 a is connected. A source water supply valve (not shown) is provided in the source water supply pipe 47 connected to the source water supply unit 44. A backwash water discharge pipe 48 connected to the backwash water discharge port 45 is provided with a backwash water discharge valve (not shown) that can open and close the flow path in the pipe 48. Hereinafter, the effect of the above configuration will be described. During the normal operation of the order, as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 7, the source water supply valve is opened, the backwash water discharge valve is closed, and the water to be treated (fluid) is supplied from the source water supply port 44. To the inside of the two casings and to the outside through the two filtered water outlets 4 3. In other words, the water to be treated given by the source water supply port 4 flows from the base end opening i3a of each membrane tube 13 & /, ΐ =, the internal flow path 13 c of 3, and each membrane tube 13 The inside outflow of 丨 3 = ,, and 'After filtering, the filtered water passes through the two casings 11 through the membrane: the water discharge port 43 is discharged to the outside. As mentioned above, the water to be treated is contained in the middle two: 2 to the outside and filtered •, included in the water to be treated ^; is a film surface attachment, gradually attached to each membrane tube 1 3 to remove the When the film surface is attached, the following backwash operation is performed.

314039.ptd Page 25 553765 V. Description of the invention (15) That is, when the backwash operation is performed, as shown by the dotted arrow in Fig. 7, the source water supply valve is closed and the backwash water discharge valve is opened. In this state, the filtered water is supplied into the two casings 1 1 through the two filtered water discharge ports 4 3, and then discharged to the outside through the backwash water discharge port 45. According to the description, the filtered and treated water supplied to the two housings 11 from the two filtered water discharge ports 43 flows into the inside from the outside of each membrane tube 13 and opens at the base end of each membrane tube 13 1 3 a is discharged to the outside through the water distribution unit 40 and the backwash water discharge port 45. As mentioned above, since the filtered water flows from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside, the film surface attachments on the inner surface of the membrane tube 13 are peeled off from the membrane tube 13 and pressed out through the base end opening 1 3 a. It is removed and discharged from the backwash water discharge port 45 together with the backwash water. In the third embodiment described above, the backwashing operation is to discharge the filtered water supplied from the two filtered water outlets 4 3 through the backwashing water outlets 4 5. However, the backwashing water outlets 4 5 may not be provided and the The source water supply port 44 is discharged. In the third embodiment described above, when the backwash operation is performed, the filtered water (filtered water) is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 4 3 for backwashing, but a backwash different from the filtered water may also be supplied. Dedicated backwash water. The ceramic membrane module (refer to FIG. 2) of the first embodiment described above is a form in which the water to be treated flows into the inside from the outside of the membrane tube 13 and is filtered. The fourth embodiment of the present invention described below is used for filtration. It is a membrane module in which a part of the ceramic membrane module of the first embodiment is improved. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the membrane element 10 and the housing 11 are common to the first embodiment, and the source water supply port 14 (an example of the first supply and discharge section) is provided in the housing. 11 lower part, and two concentrated water outlets 15 are provided in the housing 11

314039.ptd Page 26 553765 V. Description of the invention (16) Upper part. At both ends of the housing 11, a cap-shaped cover 5 for covering the base end openings of the membrane elements 10 filled with the membrane elements 10 in the housing 11 in a freely attachable and detachable manner is installed 5 In other words, a cover-side flange 52 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the open end of the cover 51. In a state where the outer periphery of the bundle plate 16 is interposed between the housing-side flange 12 and the cover-side flange 52, the housing side is connected by using a plurality of fixing bolts 22. The method of the flange 12 and the cover-side flange 52 allows the two membrane elements 10 to be installed and fixed in the housing 丨 丨 horizontally, respectively. In addition, between the cluster plate 16 and the case-side flange 12 are sealed with watertightness by a gasket on one side. Between the cluster plate 6 and the cover-side flange 5 2, it is sealed in a water-tight manner by a gasket on the other side. In addition, the filtered water discharge port 20 is installed at the upper part of the outer periphery of the cover 5 丨, and the lower part of the outer periphery of the cover 5 is provided with a drain outlet 53 for draining water from the cover 5 丨. In addition, the above-mentioned cover 51 and the filtered water discharge port 20 are used to constitute the second supply and discharge section, and on the other side of the cluster plate 6 are connected to the base opening 1 3 a of each membrane tube 3 through. The effect of the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. During normal operation, as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 8, the water to be treated (fluid) supplied from the source water supply port 14 to the casing 11 is transmitted from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside. After filtering through each membrane tube 3, the treated water passes through the internal flow path 1 3c of the membrane tube 3 and flows from the base opening 1 3a to the ^ cover 5 1 'and is then discharged to the outside through the filtered water discharge port 2 0. . In addition,

314039.ptd

Page 27 553765 V. Description of the invention (17) During cross-flow filtration, the concentrated water is discharged from the concentrated water discharge port 15 during the above-mentioned general operation, and when full filtration is performed, the concentrated water discharge port 15 is closed for operation Without draining concentrated water. In addition, when the backwash operation is performed, as shown by the dotted arrows in FIG. 8, the filtered water is supplied into the casing 11 through the two filtered water discharge ports 20 and discharged to the outside through the source water supply port 14. . According to the description, the filtered treated water supplied from the filter and water discharge port 20 to the cover 51 is flowed into the inside of each membrane tube 13 through the base end opening 13a of each membrane tube 13 and The inside of the membrane tube 13 flows out to the outside, and is discharged from the inside of the casing 11 through the source water supply port 14 to the outside. As described above, since the filtered water flows out from the inside of each membrane tube 13 to the outside, the film surface attachments on the outside of the membrane tube 13 are peeled off from the membrane tube 13 and removed. In addition, in the fourth embodiment described above, when the backwash operation is performed, the filtered water (filtered water) is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 20 for backwashing. However, it may be different from the filtered water Dedicated backwash water. The ceramic membrane module of the second embodiment (refer to FIG. 6) is a form in which the treated water flows out from the inside of the membrane tube 13 to the outside for filtering. The ceramic membrane module of the second embodiment will be described below. A part of the modified membrane module is used as a fifth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the membrane element 10 and the housing 11 are common to the first and second embodiments, and the source water supply port 31 is provided in the two covers 5 1. A lower part of the outer periphery constitutes a second supply / discharge portion by the source water supply port 31 and the cover 51. In addition, an exhaust port 3 3 is attached to the outer periphery of the two covers 51.

314039.ptd Page 28 553765 V. Description of the invention (18) In addition, the filtered water discharge port 30 (an example of the first supply and discharge part) is installed on the upper part of the casing 11 and is provided on the lower part of the casing 11 There are drainage outlets 3 4. The effect of the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. During normal operation, as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 10, the water to be treated (fluid) is supplied into the casing 11 from the two source water supply ports 31 and discharged to the outside through the filtered water discharge port 30. . In other words, the to-be-treated water supplied from the source water supply port 31 to the cover 5 1 flows into the internal flow path 1 3 c of each membrane tube 13 through the base end opening 1 3 a of each membrane tube 13, After filtering from the inside of the membrane tube 13 to the outside, filtering is performed, and thereafter, the filtered water is discharged from the inside of the housing 11 through the filtered water discharge port 30 to the outside. In addition, during the reverse washing operation, as indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 10, the filtered water is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 into the casing 11 and discharged from the two source water supply ports 31. To the outside. According to the description, the filtered treated water supplied from the filtered water discharge port 31 to the inside of the casing 11 is transmitted from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside, and the base end of each membrane tube 13 is opened 1 3 a. It is discharged to the outside through the inside of the cover 5 1 and the source water supply port 31. As described above, since the transition water flows from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside, the film surface attachments on the inner surface of the membrane tube 13 can be peeled off from the membrane tube 13 and opened at the base end 1 a Introduced for removal. In addition, in the fifth embodiment described above, when the backwash operation is performed, the filtered water (filtered water) is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 for backwashing, but it may be different from the filtered water Dedicated backwash water. In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the outer diameter of the film tube 13 is set as

314039.ptd page 29 553765 V. Description of the invention (19) It is 1 to 6mmp, and the thickness of the wall of the membrane tube 13 is made 0.2 to 0.8mm. The design principle of these values is based on the following description. First, a 3-point bending test and a pure water permeation beam test were performed on a test piece of a standard shape film tube, and the following results were obtained as the performance of the film tube. <Shape> Outer diameter of membrane tube: Do = 3.3mm, thickness of membrane tube = 0.35m. Inner diameter of membrane tube: D 2 · 6mm <Result of 3-point bending test> Bending failure load · P b3 = 2 8. 9 N ( Distance between fulcrum points: L: 3Omm) <Test results of pure water osmotic stream> Pure water osmotic stream: J PW = 2 2 _ 7 m / day (pressure: PPW = 98jPa, water temperature ·· tPW = 25 ° C) Based on the results of the 3-point bending test, the 3-point bending strength of the film tube material can be obtained: 〇b3 ° σ b3 = M / Z · · · (1) Bending moment at the load point (center between the fulcrum points): M = Pb3L / 4 • · · (2) Section coefficient: Z = 7T / 32x (DoLDA / Do · · · (3) Therefore, M = 28 · 9χ 30/4 = 217N · mm Zn = 7Γ / 3 2χ (3. 3 4 -2. 6 4) / 3. 3-2. 1 7mm3 σ b3 = 217/2 · 17 = 100Mpa The Weibull (W eibu 1 1) coefficient showing the difference between the bending strength and material strength at 3 points: from m Estimated tensile strength: σ t Generally speaking, ceramic materials are generally m = 5 to 2 0

314039.ptd Page 30 553765 V. Description of the invention (20) However, since the membrane tube is made of porous ceramics and the material strength varies greatly, it is assumed that m = 5. The relationship between σ and σ bA is as follows. ot = ab ^ · {2x (ra + l) 2} Vm Therefore, σ t = 100 + {2x (5 + l) 2} 1/5 = 42. 5Mpa The lower limit of the outer diameter of the membrane tube = 1 mm Based on the following. According to the foregoing formulae (1) to (3), the formula for calculating P b from Do and D is as follows.

Pb3 = 4x ο ^ {π / 3 2x (Do1- Di ^ / Do} ^^ L) By using the same material as the test product (same σ b3), the same film thickness, and the same 3-point bending test conditions (same L ) When reducing the Do of the membrane tube, P b is shown as follows:

Do = 2.0mm (DI = 1.3mm)-Pb3 2 8N Do = 1.0mm (DI = 0.3mm)-Pb3 = 1. 3N Do = 0.8mm (DI = 0.1mmPb3 = 0. 7N According to the conditions of use of the membrane tube, when the lower limit of PbA is set to 1.0%, the lower limit of Do is 1.0mini right. The upper limit of the outer diameter of the membrane tube = 6 mm is as follows. Calculated by Do and D Internal pressure failure pressure: The formula for P is as follows: P t = 2x o (D ο — D) + (1 · 2x D ο — 0. 2x D i) Set the shape factor: 7? = 1 When the same material (same σ t) and the same film thickness are used to increase D 〇 of the film tube, P t is as follows:

Do = 5. 0mm (DI = 4. Smm)-^ Pt = 6. 31MPa Do = 6. OmmCD ^ S. 3mmPt = 5. 20MPa

314039.ptd Page 31 553765 V. Description of the Invention (21)

Do = 7. OmmCD ^ e. 3mm)-&gt; Pt = 4. 43MPa When the lower limit of Pt ^ is set to 5.0 MPa according to the conditions of use of the membrane tube, the upper limit of Do becomes 6. OmmiL right degree. The lower limit of the thickness of the membrane tube = 0.2 mm is based on the following. By reducing the film thickness of the film tube with the same material (same σ t) and the same D ο as the test product, P is as follows: Film thickness sO.SOmnKDfZ.Tmm) — Pf 8. 34MPa Film thickness = 0.20111111 (0 ^ 2.9111111)-^ P ^ 5. 42MPa film thickness rO.lSmnKDfS.Omm) — PpLOlMPa When the lower limit of PA is set to 5.0 according to the conditions of use of the film tube, the lower limit of film thickness becomes 0. About 2mm. The upper limit of the thickness of the membrane tube = 0.8 mm is based on the following. Permeation resistance in membrane filtration: Differential pressure between J and membrane: P is based on the following relationship. J = P / 7? TR Here, R: permeation resistance, t: permeation water viscosity at t ° C. In other words, in the pure water osmotic flow test, the following relationship is formed. J pw_ P pw / &quot; 25 feet In addition, with the same film material, the film thickness is inversely proportional to the R system. According to the above, when the thickness of the membrane tube is increased under the same material and test conditions of the same pure water permeating stream as the test product (the same P pw, the same t pw), jp you are as follows: Film thickness = 0 · 7 mm (R = 2 · 0 times the test product)-&gt; J pw = 1 1 · 4 m / day

314039.ptd Page 32 553765 V. Description of the invention (22) Film thickness = 0.8mm (R = 2 times of the test product)-Jpw = 9.9m / day Film thickness = 0.9mm (R = 2 of the test product · 6 times) —jpw = 8.7m / day According to the use conditions of the film tube, when the lower limit of JPA is set to 10m / day, the upper limit of the film thickness becomes about 0.8mm. After the above review, film tubes of various shapes were made to measure their strength and water permeability. Figure 12 shows a list of measurement results of strength and water permeability of the membrane tube. In addition, according to the list in Figure 12, when the outer diameter of the membrane tube is 0.8 mm, both the calculated value and the measured value of the 3-point bending failure load are smaller than 1. 0N of the lower limit reference value (determination = X), When the outer diameter is 1.0 mm, both the calculated value and the measured value of the 3-point bending failure load are greater than 1.0 N of the lower limit reference value (determination = 0). Based on this, the minimum value of the outer shape of the membrane tube 13 is set to 1.0 mm. In addition, when the outer diameter of the membrane tube is 7.0 mm, the calculated value and the measured value of the internal pressure failure pressure are both lower than the lower limit. The reference value of 5.0 MPa is small (judgment = X), and when the outer diameter is 6.0 mm, both the calculated value and the measured value of the internal pressure failure pressure are larger than the lower limit reference value of 5.0 MP a (decision = 0). Based on this, the maximum value of the outer shape of the film tube 13 is set to 6.0 mm. In addition, when the thickness of the membrane tube is 0.15mm, both the calculated value and the measured value of the internal pressure failure pressure are smaller than the lower limit reference value of 5.0 M P a (decision = X), and the thickness is 0.2 mm. Both the calculated value and the measured value of the internal pressure failure pressure are larger than the lower limit reference value of 5 · 0 Μ Pa (determination = 0). Based on this, the minimum value of the thickness of the membrane tube 13 is set to 0.20 mm. In addition, when the thickness of the membrane tube is 0.90m

314039.ptd Page 33 553765 V. Explanation of the invention (23) Both the calculated value and the measured value are smaller than the limit reference value of 1 m / day (judgment = χ). When the thickness is 0 · 80 μm, pure penetration Both the calculated and measured values of the beam are larger than 10 m / day of the lower limit reference value (decision = 0). Based on this, the maximum value of the thickness of the membrane tube 13 is set to 0.80 mm. Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 13 to 17. The sixth embodiment is a modified form of the bonding portion of the membrane tube 13 and the bundle plate 16 in the fourth and fifth embodiments described above, and the casing 11 and the membrane element 10 and the cover 5 1 and the like are changed. It is common to the fourth and fifth embodiments. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the 'housing 丨 丨' is provided at a position corresponding to the water supply space 11 b formed between the two membrane elements 丨 〇, and is provided for supplying treated water (an example of a treated liquid). The source water supply port 14 is provided with a concentrated water discharge port 15 or an exhaust port on both sides. The above-mentioned membrane element 10 is a plurality of membrane tubes 1 3 made of a thin straight tube-shaped ceramic which is closed at the front end as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14; A plate-shaped bundle plate 16 is formed. In addition, each of the above-mentioned film tubes 1 to 3 is formed of a tube wall only with a film forming material, and the outer diameter of the tube is made as follows! To 6 mm P, wall thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, hole diameter of 0.05 to 10 / z m, and length of about 300 to 800 mm. In addition, a plurality of through holes 5 5 are formed in the bundle plate 16 (see FIG. 16), and the base end side of each of the film tubes 13 is inserted into the through holes 55. In addition, a plurality of bolt holes 56 are formed on the outer periphery of the cluster plate 16 and the gasket 18 on one side is formed into a ring shape, and is similar to the surface of the cluster plate 16

314039.ptd page 34 553765 V. Description of the invention (24) 1 6 a (face facing the front end side of the membrane tube 13) The outer peripheral parts are adhered. The recess 5 7 on one side (refer to FIG. 16) is formed by the inner peripheral surface of the gasket 18 on one side and the surface 16 a (corresponding to the front and back surfaces) of the beam plate 16. In addition, the gasket 21 on the other side is formed in a ring shape, and is bonded to the outer periphery of the back surface 16b (the surface facing the base end side of the membrane tube 13) of the cluster plate 16. The concave portion 5 8 (refer to FIG. 16) on the other side is formed by the inner peripheral surface of the lining 2 1 on the other side and the rear surface 16 b (corresponding to the front and rear surfaces) of the cluster plate 16. Each membrane tube 13 is adhered to the cluster plate 16 in a water-impermeable manner by an adhesive 5 9 (silicone, etc.) filled in the recesses 5 7, 5 8 on one side and the other side. Further, a plurality of hole portions 60 corresponding to the bolt holes are formed in the spacers 18, 21 on the one side and the other side. In addition, the above-mentioned bundle plate i 6 is made of metal such as plastic, stainless steel, or ceramic. As shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of fixing bolts 2 2 are used in a state where the outer peripheral portion of the bundle plate 16 is interposed between the case-side flange 12 and the cover-side flange 5 2. And nut 2 3 to connect the housing-side flange 12 and the cover-side flange 5 2 so that, as shown in FIG. 8, the membrane element 10 can be installed and fixed horizontally to the housing 1 1 Inside. In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, the gasket 18 on one side seals the cluster plate 16 and the casing-side flange 12 in a watertight manner, and the gasket 2 1 on the other side is sealed. Then, the watertightness is sealed between the cluster plate 16 and the cover-side flange 52. The fixing bolt 22 is inserted through a plurality of fixing bolt holes 24 formed in the flanges 12 and 5 2 and the hole portions 6 0 of the pads 18 and 21 (see i 3

3l40〇39.ptd Page 35 553765 V. Description of the invention (25) Figure) and bolt holes 56 of the cluster plate 16 (refer to Figure 13). In addition, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the filtered water discharge port 20 is provided at the upper portion of the outer periphery of the cover 51, and the drain discharge port 5 3 is provided at the lower portion of the outer periphery of the cover 51. The effect of the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. When manufacturing the above-mentioned membrane element 10, as shown in FIG. 16, the gasket on one side is adhered to the surface 1 of the cluster plate 16 forming a plurality of through holes 5 5 and bolt holes 5 6 by using an adhesive. 6 a, and the other side pad is adhered to the back surface 16 b of the cluster plate 16 with an adhesive. This allows the recesses 5 7 and 5 8 on one side and the other side to be formed without machining (cutting, etc.). In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the base end openings 1 3 and 3 of each membrane tube 13 are inserted into each of the through holes 55 of the cluster plate 16. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the concave portion 57 on one side and the concave portion 5 8 on the other side are filled with an adhesive and filled, and each film tube 13 is adhered to the cluster plate 16. 'By this', since the recesses 57 and 58 on one side and the other side can be formed without machining (cutting), it is possible to omit the membrane tube easily by machining on the 16 side of the cluster plate 丨3 Installed on the cluster plate 16. In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, since each of the film tubes 13 is adhered to the cluster plate 16 by the adhesive 59 filled in the recesses 57, 5 8 on the _ side and the other side, the film tube 13 can be made. It is firmly and surely installed on the collecting plate 16 to avoid the problem that the film tube 13 is detached from the collecting plate 16. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the gasket 18 on one side has the function of sealing between the concentrating plate 16 and the casing-side flange 12.

553765 V. Description of the invention (26) ^ --- one ~ ___ one Function of the concave part 5 7 on one side. Similarly, there is a gasket 21 that can seal the cluster plate 16 and the cover side &amp; green on the other side, except that it has a function of forming a concave portion 58 on the other side. In addition to the functions between 2 and 5, it also has a simple structure. If this is wrong, the number of parts can be reduced, and in the sixth embodiment, the water to be treated is directed from the outer side of the membrane tube 13 to the \ Figure 8; Membrane module, but it can also be one plus two sides as shown in Figure 10, the outer membrane type M should be 4, and the inner side of 13 penetrates through the inner membrane of the 遽: type; Then, according to Figures 18 to 2 fine ..., η 口 丄 々 y local currency "Figure Zhuming Ming 7th embodiment of the present invention., 7th. The ceramic membrane module of the embodiment is provided with a fluid dispersion benefit 7 in the 5th embodiment. The casing 11 is in common with the membrane element 丨 〇 and the cover 5 丨 with the above-mentioned fourth and fifth embodiments. In addition, the axis of the membrane element 13 of the membrane element 10 installed and fixed in the casing ^ 1 3b (refer to FIG. 3) is the same direction as the axis 11 d (refer to FIG. 18) of the housing 11. In addition, each of the above-mentioned film tubes 1 to 3 is formed of a tube wall using only a film forming material, and is made into a tube. The outer diameter is 1 to 6 mmp, the thickness of the tube wall is 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and the diameter of the hole is 0.05 to 10 m. The length is about 300 to 800 mm. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18 As shown, source water supply The port 3 1 is provided at the lower part of the outer periphery of the two covers 5 1, and the exhaust port 33 is provided at the upper part of the outer periphery of the two covers 5 1. In addition, the upper part of the outer periphery of the casing 11 is provided with a tube for 13 The filtered water discharge section 6 3 that discharges the filtered filtered water, and a drain outlet 3 4 is provided at the lower part of the outer periphery of the casing 1 1. As shown in FIG. 19, the filtered water discharge section 6 described above 3, by: set in the shell

314039.ptd page 37 553765 V. Description of the invention (27) ~~ 'The discharge pipe 6 4 of the body 11' is formed in the housing 11 and can communicate with the above-mentioned discharge pipe 64 4 and the discharge opening 65 inside the housing 11; and A flange 66 is formed at the front end of the discharge pipe 64. A pipe 68 having a flange 67 is connected to the discharge pipe 64 by a plurality of bolts 69 and nuts 70. In addition, the filtered water discharge section 63 also has a backwash water supply section, which is used to supply the backwash water (an example of a fluid) for backwashing the membrane tube 3 during backwashing. The washing water is supplied from the inside of the discharge pipe 64 to the inside of the casing 11 through the discharge pipe 64 through a pipe 68. As shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 20, in the above-mentioned filtered water discharge section 63, the absence of the fluid disperser 7 2 'is used to disperse the backwash water supplied into the casing 11 so that it is evenly distributed. Each membrane tube 13 flowing into the two membrane elements 10. As shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, the above-mentioned fluid disperser 72 is composed of: a circular plate-shaped mounting plate 73 that can be mounted on the filtered water discharge portion 63 of the housing 11; One end of the road ((The lower end is formed along the pipe with a plurality of bolt holes 7 5 formed by a pipe body 7 4 at the center of the eight shell 7 3. In addition, the above-mentioned mounting plate 7 3 forms a communicating The openings 7 and 7. In addition, the blocking plates 7 and 8 are occluded. In the peripheral wall portion of the body 74, 74 directions of the car core 80 are formed, and the circulation holes 7 and 9 are bisected along 1 800 ° across the outside. 2. As shown in FIG. 20, the above-mentioned pipe is further placed with the mounting plate 7 3 挟 on the mounting plate to form 7 6, and the upper end)) is the pipe body row formed by the above pipe. This is shown in Figure 18 and Figure 11. A plurality of flow holes 79 are formed on the mounting plate in the pipe body 74 and the flow path 76, the other end of the pipe body 74, and a predetermined distance P is arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the pipe body 74. The body 74 is discharged from Tube 64 is inserted into two flanges 6 6, 6 7

Page 38 553765 V. Description of the invention (28) ^ ~~ ---------, so that the bolt 6 9 is inserted into the bolt hole 75 of ^ 7q, and finally ^ the two flanges 66, 6 7 The inspection hole 81 and the installation plate are installed at the transitional water discharge = the nut 7 ° is tightened tightly, #this divides the fluid "肉 空 人 # # 识 二 # 63. At this time, the above-mentioned pipe body 74 is discharged by the discharge officer 64 μ ,. The space part 82 between the front ends of the membrane tubes 13 of L, +, and M 10 is 82. The axis 8 0 of η, ▲ 74 (see FIG. 19) is connected to the axis 11 of the housing 11 d (凌 照 笛 彳 〇 门 ， 也? | ,, 7Π 土 丄 ,， 弟 18 图) vertical. In addition, the direction of the L axis 7 9 a of each circulation hole 79 is also the position *… + It is perpendicular to the axis 13b (refer to FIG. 3) of each membrane tube 13 and faces the housing u: dipper, as shown in FIG. 19: between the edge 66 and the mounting plate 73, a liner is used. The gasket 8 3 is sealed, and —π &amp; D π t ^ n T is sealed between the flange 67 and the mounting plate 7 3 by a gasket 8 4. The following describes the effect of the above structure. When filtering, as shown by the solid arrows in Figure 18, the system is: the water to be treated (the fluid to be treated) is supplied by two sources of water The feed port 3 丨 is supplied to the inner space of the cover 51. As a result, the water to be treated flows into the inner flow path 1 3c of each membrane tube 3 from the inner space through the base end openings 1 3a of each of the officials 13. (Refer to &amp; Figure 3) 'Then, it flows out from the inside of each membrane tube 13 and filters at this time. The treated water that has passed through the membrane tube 13 passes through each of the flow holes 7 9 as filtered water. After flowing into the flow path 76 in the pipe body 74, it is then discharged to the piping 6 8 through the opening 7 7. When a film contamination substance or the like adheres to the inside of the film tube 13, a backwashing process is generally performed as follows. In other words, ' As shown by the dashed arrows in Figure 18, when backwashing is performed, the backwash water (an example of the fluid) is directed from the inside of the pipe 6 8 to the housing 丨 "

3l4〇39.ptd

553765 V. Description of Invention (29) In this way, the above-mentioned backwash water will flow into the flow path 7 6 in the pipe body 7 4 from the inside of the pipe 6 8 through the opening 7 7 of the fluid disperser 7 2, and then through each of the circulation holes 7 as shown in FIG. 20. 9 flows out of the tube body γ 4. At this time, 'the backwash water flowing out from each of the circulation tubes 7 9 once touches the surface of the housing 11 = after the peripheral surface', then it follows the axis 1 of the membrane tube 1 3 of the two membrane elements 1 and the direction of the flap = changes As shown by the dashed arrows in FIG. 18, the flow is directed to each of the membrane tubes 13 = flow. The backwashing water can be dispersed by the fluid disperser 72 and the flow length can be reduced. Since the flow strength of the above backwash water is lightened and uniformed on average, the backwash water is μ-introduced from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside to perform the backwash of each membrane tube 3, so The membrane 13 is prevented from being damaged by vibration due to backwash water. The backwash water flowing from the outside of each membrane tube 13 to the inside flows into the internal flow path 1 3c of each membrane official 13 and flows out from the base opening 1 3a to the two covers 5 1 The inner space is discharged from the two source water supply ports 31. In the seventh embodiment described above, the fluid filter 72 is installed in the filtered water discharge section 63 during general filtration. However, the fluid disperser 72 can also be removed during normal filtration. The fluid disperser 72 is installed only during backwashing. In the seventh embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 18, the backwashing is performed by k; the water washing discharge section 63 supplies the backwashing water to the casing 11. The flow of the backwashing water is a diffuser. It can be made uniform, but it can also be a ceramic membrane module in the $ 4 shell shape as shown in Figure 8. A body diffuser 7 2 is installed at the source water supply port 4 and it is used for general filtration. The flow of the water to be treated supplied from the source water 1 and the supply port 1 4 to the housing 1 through the fluid disperser 7 2 is uniform.

P.40 553765 V. Explanation of the invention (30). In the seventh embodiment described above, as shown in Fig. 22, the distance between the flow holes 79 of the fluid disperser 72 is uniformly set to the distance of one type, and the distance of several types may be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 23, in the eighth embodiment, the distance between the flow holes 79 is set to P in the range of approximately the upper half of the tube body 74, and the flow holes 7 are set in the range of approximately the lower half. The interval between 9 is set to P1. By setting the interval P1 to be larger than the interval P (P &lt; P1), the flow velocity of the backwash water flowing out of each of the circulation holes 7-9 can be made substantially constant. In addition, the flow rate of the backwash water flowing out of each of the circulation holes 79 can be made substantially constant by increasing the distance between the above-mentioned flow holes 79 or lower, or by changing the aperture of each of the circulation holes 79. . In addition, in the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the lower end of the tube body of the fluid disperser 72 reaches the vicinity of the bottom inside the casing 11 'but as the ninth embodiment', it can also be used as in the ninth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 24, the general length of the pipe body 74 is shortened, so that the lower end of the pipe body 4 is located at the center or upper part of the casing 11. In the seventh to ninth embodiments, one pipe body 74 is mounted on the mounting plate 73, but a plurality of pipe bodies 74 are also mounted. In the seventh embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 18, 'the filtered water discharge section 63 has a backwash water supply section that can supply backwash water for backwashing each membrane tube 13 when performing backwashing' On the other hand, the housing 11 is different from the filtered water discharge section 63 described above, and is provided with a dedicated backwash water supply section for supplying backwash water, and a fluid diffuser may be provided in the dedicated backwash water supply section. 7 2. In this case, the above-mentioned dedicated backwash water supply unit has the same structure as the filtration and water discharge unit 63 described above. In addition, filtered water (water after transition treatment) is also used.

314039.ptd Page 41 553765 V. Description of the invention (31) is backwash water. In the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the filtered water discharge portion 63 is provided on the upper outer periphery of the casing 11, but it is also provided on the lower outer periphery or between the upper outer periphery and the lower outer periphery. Anyway. In addition, when the filtered water discharge portion 63 is provided at the lower portion of the outer periphery of the casing, the pipe body 74 of the fluid diffuser 72 is upright in the vertical direction along the diameter direction of the casing 11. In addition, when the filtered water discharge portion 63 is provided between the upper peripheral portion and the lower peripheral portion, the pipe body faces the horizontal direction or the inclined direction along the diameter direction of the casing 11. Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 29. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 25 and 10, the tenth embodiment is provided with a protective frame 9 2, 9 4 and a guide member 9 3 in a membrane element 10 of the fourth embodiment, and a casing 11 and a membrane element 1 thereof. 0 and the cover 5 1 are common to the fourth embodiment. The source water supply port 14 and the concentrated water discharge port 15 are respectively installed in the casing 11. In addition, a filtered water discharge port 20 is provided at the upper peripheral portion of the cover 51, and a drain outlet 53 is provided at the lower peripheral portion of the cover 51 to drain water from the inside of the cover 51. In addition, each membrane tube 1 3 of the membrane element 10 is formed of a tube wall only with a film forming material, and has an outer diameter of 1 to 6 mmp, a thickness of the wall of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and a pore diameter of 0.0 5 to 10 // m. , The shape is about 300 to 800m in length. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, the above-mentioned membrane element 10 is provided with a protection frame for protecting the front end and the front end of the film tube group 9 formed by a plurality of film tubes 13. 9 2; used to guide the above membrane element 10 to the membrane element

314039.ptd Page 42 553765 V. Description of the invention (32) _ '^^^ -_ The direction A, β of the insertion opening 1 1 a (see Figure 2 9) 4 in 27) guide member 93 .旻 Several (in other words, the above-mentioned front protective frame 9 2 is formed in a ring shape surrounding the outer side of the end of the film a, and the front protective frame ^ f / is more protruded at the front end of each membrane tube 1 3 Other than that, in addition, each of the above-mentioned guide members 93 is formed as a round rod ^ 13 in a parallel arrangement, and is located in the membrane tube group 9i "and is fixed to the cluster plate 16 with the membrane official composite material layer η. The above; end = the above is glued to the front end of each guide member 93, and is supported by the = protector frame 92. 构件 ¥ Middle 93 is also supported by the middle door protection frame 94 located in the axial direction of each guide member 93, for The protective film tube group 91 is provided with an intermediate protective frame 94 in the axial direction H to form a ring shape surrounding the middle side of the film tube group ^ two intermediate portions. &Lt; The middle portion of the glaze direction is covered by CM. The inner peripheral surfaces of the two protective frames 92, 94 are formed with a small gap between the membrane tubes 13 on the outermost side of \ 91, and the protective frames 92, 94 also have the same configuration as the & &gt;, the anti-vibration effect of the upper and lower film tubes 13. The outermost side of the group 91 or lower 'explains the effect of the above configuration The above-mentioned membrane element 10 is old and needs to be replaced with new ones. Each fixed screw inspection 22, screw, and cap 23 shown in the figure is removed. Remove the flange = 25. Then, insert the membrane element. ^ Move the membrane dish cover from the housing side to the outer side of the housing 11. At this time, as shown in FIG. 29, the lead and cattle 10 are pulled out of the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11 and come into contact with each other. j will guide the M element 1

314039.ptd Page 43

/ OD V. Description of the invention (33) The pulling direction A ′ can be smoothed-after that, the new membrane element 丨 out of the element 10. Inside the housing 11. At this time, as shown in FIG. 28, the end of the membrane element insertion port 11a before being inserted into the tube group 91 will be in contact with ^, in case, the membrane edge 12 of the membrane element i 〇 or the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1 丨At this time, the housing side of each of the inserting openings 1 1 a protrudes from the front end of the above-mentioned film tube group 9 1. Therefore, the front side protective frame 92 can also be used to protect the body-side flange 12 or the housing. 'The above-mentioned front end protection frame 92 will come into contact with the front end of the shell and tube group 91 at the second end ::. • This prevents the membrane from damaging the membrane tube 13. The edge 1 2 or the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11 == up; ^ The middle part of the tube group 91 in the axial direction is from the middle direction to the middle gate Qiu Ji j, so it can also prevent the film tube group 91 from being located The long side makes M * 1.3 ° contact the housing-side flange 12 or the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11 and the pancreas 13 may be damaged. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9, the guide member 93 is brought into contact with the inside of the housing 11 and slides, so that the membrane element 10 can be guided in the insertion direction B, and the membrane element 1 can be smoothly inserted. 0. In this way, after inserting a new membrane element 10 into the housing 1 1, install each fixing bolt 2 2 and a nut 2 3 as shown in FIG. 2 5, and then connect the cover 5 1 to the housing i. Margin 1 2. Thereby, the membrane element 10 is mounted and fixed in the casing 11 in a horizontal manner. As described above, the operation of removing and inserting the membrane element 10 into the casing 11 is easy. Therefore, for example, maintenance of the membrane element 10 can be easily performed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 25, the water to be treated is supplied from the source water supply port 1 4

Page 44 553765 V. Description of the invention (34) When the water supply space 1 1 b to the casing 11 is supplied, a strong current of treated water will be generated along the inner peripheral surface of the casing 11, and the powerful water flow The membrane tube 1 3 arranged on the outermost peripheral side of the membrane tube group 91 can become very easy to vibrate. However, even if the membrane tube 13 arranged on the outermost peripheral side of the membrane tube group 91 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the front protective frame 92 or the inner protective surface of the middle protective frame 94, even if vibration occurs, Vibration is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the situation where the film tube 13 disposed on the outermost peripheral side is damaged due to the repeated stress caused by vibration. In the above-mentioned 10th embodiment, as shown in FIG. 25, the treated membrane is enumerated from the outside of the membrane tube 13 to the inside to filter the outer membrane membrane module. In the 11th embodiment, Then, as shown in FIG. 30, an inner membrane type membrane module that allows the water to be treated to penetrate from the inside of the membrane tube 13 to the outside for filtering can also be used. In other words, in the above-mentioned 11th embodiment, the protective frame 92, 94 and the guide member 93 are installed in the membrane element 10 in the fifth embodiment, and the housing 11 and the membrane element 10 and the cover 51 are the same as those described above. The fifth embodiment is common. In addition, the source water supply port 31 is provided at the lower part of the outer periphery of the two covers 51, while the filtered water discharge port 30 is provided at the upper part of the outer periphery of the casing 11 and the drainage discharge port 3 4 is provided at the casing 1 1 The lower outer periphery and the exhaust port are provided at the upper outer periphery of the two covers 51. Thus, when backwashing is performed, the backwash water is supplied from the filtered water discharge port 30 and is discharged from the two source water supply ports 31. Thereby, the above-mentioned backwash water penetrates from the outer side of each membrane tube 13 to the inside to perform the backwash of each membrane tube 13. At this time, as in the above-mentioned 10th embodiment, the membrane tube 1 3 disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the membrane tube group 91 is not connected with the inner peripheral surface of the front end protection frame 92 or even if vibration occurs.

314039.ptd Page 45 553765 V. Description of the invention (35) The inner peripheral surface of the middle protective frame 9 4 is in contact with each other 'to reduce vibration. In this way, the vibration of the membrane tubes 13 arranged on the outermost peripheral side of the membrane tube group 9 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the membrane tubes 13 arranged on the outermost peripheral side can be prevented from being damaged due to the repeated stress caused by vibration. Situation. In the tenth and eleventh embodiments described above, four guide members 9 3 are provided in the membrane element 10 'as shown in Fig. 27', but it is not limited to four of the visible membrane elements 10 Increase or decrease the number of dimensions. In the above-mentioned 10th and 11th embodiments, as shown in FIG. 26, an intermediate protective frame 94 is provided at the middle portion in the axial direction of each guide member 93, but the membrane element can also be seen. Size, etc., a plurality of the above-mentioned intermediate protective frames 9 4 are installed. In addition, in the eleventh embodiment, the filtered water (the water after the data processing) can be used as the backwash water. Next, a twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 31. The ceramic membrane module according to the twelfth embodiment includes the sixth to eleventh embodiments described above. In other words, the same as in the sixth embodiment, 'the liners 18 and 21 are bonded to the rain surfaces 16a and 16b of the front and back surfaces of the cluster plate 16 to form the recesses 57 and 58. In the adhesive 59, the film tube 13 is adhered to the bundle plate 16. In addition, it is the same as the seventh to ninth embodiments. The body diffuser 72, in addition to the tenth and eleventh embodiments @ 'in the membrane element 10, is provided with a protective frame 92, 94 and a guide member 93 said do not use water as a fluid. In the above embodiments, it is "example", but liquids or gases other than water can also be used.

553765

314039.ptd Page 47 553765 Brief description of drawings [Simplified description of drawings] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a ceramic membrane module according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bundle fixing portion of a membrane tube and a bundle plate of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the arrow X-X in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a ceramic membrane module according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the measurement results of the strength and water permeability of the membrane tube of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 13 is a sectional view of a membrane element of a ceramic membrane module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the arrow X-X in FIG. 13. FIG. 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a connection portion between the casing-side flange and the cover-side flange of the ceramic membrane module and the cluster plate. Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a method of manufacturing a membrane module of the ceramic membrane module, which shows a state in which a liner is bonded to a cluster plate. Fig. 17 is a description of a method for manufacturing a membrane module of the ceramic membrane module

314039.ptd Page 48 553765 Brief description of the diagram The diagram shows the state where the base end side of the membrane tube is inserted on the cluster board. Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a sectional view of a mounting portion of the liquid diffuser of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along the arrow X-X in Fig. 18. Figure 21 is a perspective view of the liquid diffuser of the ceramic membrane module. Figure 22 shows the liquid diffuser of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 23 is a diagram of a liquid diffuser of a ceramic membrane module according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 24 is a diagram showing a liquid diffuser of a ceramic membrane module according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 25 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 26 is a sectional view of a membrane module of the ceramic membrane module. Fig. 27 is a sectional view taken along the arrow X-X in Fig. 26. Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram when the membrane module of the ceramic membrane module is inserted into the casing through the membrane module insertion port. Fig. 29 is an explanatory diagram when the ceramic membrane module is removed from the housing or inserted into the membrane module. Fig. 30 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 31 is a sectional view of a ceramic membrane module according to a 12th embodiment of the present invention.

314039.ptd Page 49 553765 Brief description of the drawings Figures 3 and 2 are diagrams of conventional membrane modules.

11 Housing 2 Hollow wire membrane 3, 51 Cover 10 Membrane element 11a Membrane element insertion Π lib Water supply space 12 Shell-side convex wire 13 Membrane tube 13a Base end opening α 13c Internal flow path 14, 3 Bu 44 Source water supply Ό 15 Concentrated water discharge port 16 Bundle plate 16a Surface 16b Back side 17 Adhesive material layer 18, 21 Pad 19 Water collecting section 20> 30 ^ 43 Filter water discharge σ 22 Fixing bolt 23 Nut 32 Water distribution section 41 Flange 42 Reverse Washing water outlet 47 Piping 52 Cover side flange 53 Drain drainage V 55 Through hole 56 Bolt hole 57 &gt; 58 Recess 59 Adhesive 60 Hole 63 Filter water discharge 64 Discharge pipe 65 Discharge α 6 6 ^ 67 Flange 68 Piping 69 Bolt 70 Nut 72 Fluid diffuser 73 Mounting plate 74 Tube body 75 to 81 Bolt hole 76 Flow path 314039.ptd Page 50 553765

314039.ptd Page 51

Claims (1)

553765 6. Scope of patent application 1. A ceramic membrane module, characterized in that a plurality of membrane tubes made of thin straight tubular ceramics with closed front ends are arranged in a parallel manner, and a bundle plate is used to pass through the bundle plate in a watertight manner. The base end of each membrane tube is bundled and fixed to form a membrane element, and then the membrane element is filled into the housing from the membrane element insertion opening, and the bundle plate is arranged at the membrane element insertion opening in a watertight manner, and is placed in the above casing. A first supply and discharge portion communicating with the outside of each membrane tube on one side of the bundle plate and a second supply and discharge portion communicating with the base end opening of each film tube on the other side of the bundle plate are provided. 2. The ceramic membrane module according to item 1 of the application, wherein the ceramic membrane module is housed in a housing, and a cover for covering the open end of the base end of each membrane tube inserted in the cluster plate is installed in the membrane element. The housing-side flange at the outer periphery of the insertion port and the cover-side flange installed at the outer periphery of the opening end of the cover, holding the outer periphery of the cluster plate, and connecting the housing The side flange and the cover side flange are used to fix the membrane element in the casing, and are adhered to seal one side of the ring between the cluster plate and the casing side flange on the two surfaces of the above-mentioned cluster plate. Gasket on the other side of the ring between the cluster plate and the flange on the cover side. Form the concave portion on one side, and the inner peripheral surface of the gasket on the other side and the concave portion on the other side formed on the other side of the front and back surfaces of the cluster plate, and fill the above-mentioned film tubes to the cluster plate. On the adhesive. 3. For example, the ceramic membrane module of the scope of application for a patent, wherein a fluid diffuser is provided on the side of the casing to disperse the fluid supplied into the casing, 314039.ptd Page 52 553765 6. Scope of patent application The average flow into the above membrane tubes. 4. The ceramic membrane module according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the fluid diffuser. It consists of a mounting plate that can be installed on the housing side; and a pipe body that is installed on the mounting plate and protrudes into the housing, and a flow path is formed in the above-mentioned pipe body, and there are a plurality of flow holes along the The axial direction of the tube body is aligned and formed on the peripheral wall of the tube body. The orientation of each of the flow holes is perpendicular to the axial direction of the membrane tube and faces the inner peripheral surface of the casing. 5. For example, the ceramic membrane module of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the cover for covering the open end of the base end of each membrane tube of the membrane element in the casing is installed on the membrane element in a freely removable manner The front end protection frame for protecting the front end portion of the membrane tube group formed by the plurality of membrane tubes is inserted into the insertion port, and is mounted on the membrane element. 6. For example, the ceramic membrane module of the scope of application for patent No. 5 is attached to the cluster board, and a plurality of guide members can be installed to guide the membrane element to the direction where the membrane element can be inserted and inserted, and the front protective frame is formed. A ring shape surrounding the outer side of the front end portion of the membrane tube group is supported by the guide member. The guide member is arranged in parallel with the membrane tube and is located around the outer side of the membrane tube group. 7. For the ceramic membrane module according to any one of the items 1 to 6 of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the membrane tube system only uses a film forming material to form a tube wall, and the outer diameter of the tube is 1 to 6 mπφ, the thickness of the tube wall is The shape of 0.2 to 0.8 mm. 8. — A ceramic membrane module operating method refers to the ceramic membrane module operating method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application. During normal operation, the fluid is supplied from the first supply and discharge unit to the housing, and at the same time, Second supply and discharge department 314039.ptd Page 53 553765 6. Discharge of patent applications. During the backwash operation, the fluid is supplied from the second supply and discharge unit to the casing and discharged from the first supply and discharge unit. 9. A ceramic membrane module operating method is the ceramic membrane module operating method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application. During normal operation, the fluid is supplied from the second supply and discharge unit to the housing, and at the same time by the first The first supply / discharge unit discharges the fluid. When the backwash operation is performed, the fluid is supplied from the first supply / discharge unit into the casing, and is simultaneously discharged from the second supply / discharge unit. 314039.ptd Page 54