TW577208B - Generating and implementing a communication protocol and interface for high data rate signal transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

A data interface for transferring digital data between a host and a client over a communication path using packet structures linked together to form a communication protocol for communicating a pre-selected set of digital control and presentation data. The signal protocol is used by link controllers configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets forming the communications protocol, and to form digital data into one or more types of data packets, with at least one residing in the host device and being coupled to the client through the communications path. The interface provides a cost-effective, low power, bi-directional, high-speed data transfer mechanism over a short-range ""serial"" type data link, which lends itself to implementation with miniature connectors and thin flexible cables which are especially useful in connecting display elements such as wearable micro-displays to portable computers and wireless communication devices.

Description

577208 A7 '_B7__ 5. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention I. Field of the invention The present invention relates to a digital signal protocol and a process for transmitting signals at high speed between a host communication device and a user-side video / audio presentation device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technology that uses a low-power, high-data-rate transmission mechanism to transmit multimedia and other types of digital signals to a micro display unit or other presentation device. II. Related technologies Computers, video game related products, and various imaging technologies (such as DVDs and high-definition VCRs) have made significant progress in the past few years. Increasing resolution of still life, video, video on demand, and graphic images, including several types of text. This advance has allowed higher-resolution electronic viewing devices, such as high-definition video displays, HDTV monitors, or professional video projection devices. Combining such visual images with high-definition or high-quality audio data can be used to create more realistic, content-rich content for users when using, for example, CD-style sound reproduction, DVDs, and other devices with associated audio signal output Rich, or more realistic multimedia. In addition, highly dynamic, high-quality sound effects systems and music delivery mechanisms, such as MP3 players, have developed sound effects that are presented only to users. In the general image presentation mechanism, image data is usually transmitted at a rate of one to ten seconds per second, which can be referred to as a slow or medium rate in terms of current technology. This data is then stored on a temporary or long-term memory device for delayed (later) playback on the desired viewing device. For example, -4- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) The image can be transmitted through the Internet, using a resident computer with a modem or A program on the computer of the Internet connection device that receives or sends digital data representing the image. A similar transmission process can be generated by a wireless device, such as a portable computer equipped with a wireless modem, or a wireless personal data assistant (PDA), or a wireless telephone. Once received, data is stored in memory components, circuits or devices, such as RAM or flash memory, including external storage devices for playback. Depending on the amount of data and image resolution, playback may start soon, or after a long delay. That is, in some examples, when very small or low-resolution images do not require a lot of data, the presentation of the images allows some degree of real-time playback, or by some type of buffering, so that after a slight delay , You can present some data while sending other data. Provided that there is no interruption in transmitting the link, once the presentation has begun, the transmission is reasonably transparent to the user viewing the device. The data used to create still images and dynamic movies are usually compressed using some well-known technology. For example, the "Joint Photographic Experts Group" (JPEG), "Motion Picture Professional Team" (Motion Picture Experts Group; MPEG), or technologies specified by the media, computer, and other well-known standards organizations or companies in the communications industry to accelerate the transmission of data over communication links. Using a small number of bits to transmit a predetermined amount of information will speed up the transmission of images or data. Once the data is transferred to a "native" device, such as a computer or other device, the generated information is decompressed (or played using a specific decoder), and the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 is applied according to the -5- paper size. Specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (3: Display resolution and control elements that should be available, prepare appropriate display methods. For example, the computer resolution of Dianqu, the resolution of U screen pixels is The unit usually has specifications from 480x640, 600x800 to 1024 × ΐ24, and other different resolutions, which are provided as needed. The image display is also affected by the image content and the ability of the known image controller to control the image ' Includes some predefined color levels or color densities (bits per pixel used to produce color) and saturation, as well as other overhead bits used. For example, a typical computer monitor expects per pixel The bits representing different colors (light and shades) are between 8 and 32 or more, and there are other values. From the above values, we can The resolution of the known screen image is' the typical resolution and density from the lowest to the highest, which requires a data transmission rate of 2.45 million bits (Mb) to about 33. The rate is about ^ 30 frames of image or animation , The amount of data required is about 73 · 7 矣 1⑻6 million bits per second (Mbps), or about 9.21 to 125 · 75 million bits per second (MBps). In addition, sometimes the band Sound effects with images, such as for multimedia presentations, or individual high-resolution sound effects, such as CD °° quality sound selections. You can also use interactive commands, controls, other u and other numbers. These options will be added More data to be transmitted. Under any circumstances, when anyone wants to send high-quality or high-resolution image data and audio quality information or data signals with the same quality to the user to create a rich content, There must be a high-speed data transmission link between the presentation component and the source or host device that provides this type of data. About 115 kilobytes per second (KBps) or 920 kilobits · silver (KbpS) data-6- _ _---- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7_ ._V. Description of the invention (4) The speed can be processed by the modem serial interface. Other interfaces like USB serial interface can reach a data transfer rate of 12MBps, and like using a motor And the Electronic Engineering Institute (IEEE) l394 standard configured for exclusive high-speed transmission, the rate can reach 50 to 100 MBps. Unfortunately, these rates are not higher than the desired high data rate discussed above, the rate discussed above is intended for Future wireless data devices and services to provide high-resolution, rich content, and provide output signals to drive portable video displays or audio devices. In addition, these interfaces require the use of a large amount of host or system and client software to operate. Their software protocol stacks also create an unnecessary amount of overhead space, especially when considering wireless mobile devices or phone applications. Some interfaces even use bulky cables, but they are too bulky and unpopular for aesthetically oriented mobile applications, and complex connectors can add cost or consume too much power. Other well-known interfaces include analog graphics array (VGA), digital image interactive (DVI) or gigabit image interface (GVIF). The first two are side-by-side interfaces that process data at a higher transfer rate, and also use heavy cables and consume a lot of power, about a few watts. None of these characteristics are suitable for use in portable consumer electronics. The third interface consumes too much power and requires expensive or bulky connectors. Although some of the above interfaces have very high-speed data systems / protocols or transmission mechanisms for data transmission on fixed computer equipment, they have other disadvantages. To achieve the desired data transfer rate, a significant amount of power and / or high current operation is also required. This reduces the usefulness of such technologies as high mobile consumer products.

Binding

The paper size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Generally, in order to achieve this data transmission rate, you can use optical fiber connection and transmission devices, but Such alternative devices require several additional converters and components, which in turn increases the complexity and cost of use, and is not the desired result of commercialized consumer products. In addition to the expensive features of optical systems, its power requirements and complexity are not suitable for lightweight, low-power portable applications. Currently, there is a lack of technology on the market that can be used for portable or mobile application devices. It is not enough to provide high-quality rendering experience based on audio, video, or multimedia, and can be used for high-mobility users. In other words, when using a portable computer, wireless phone, PDA, or other high mobile communication device or device, the current audiovisual presentation system or device cannot provide output at the desired high quality level. Generally, the quality of f is the result of the inability to transmit high-quality presentation data at the required high data rate. Therefore, a new transmission mechanism is needed to increase the data flow between the host device that provides data and the client display or component that provides output to the user. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above and other shortcomings exist in the techniques proposed by the present embodiments of the invention. Among them, new protocols and data transmission mechanisms have been developed for transmitting data at high speed between the host device and the receiving client. The advantages of the specific embodiments of the present invention are that the provided technology for data transmission has low complexity, low cost, high reliability, is suitable for the environment used, and is very durable and flexible. The specific κ example of this month is-mobile digital data interface (round), used for high-speed transmission between the host device and the server device on the communication path-8-this paper Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 public love y 577208 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention (6) Send digital data and use multiple or _ groups of interconnected packet structures to form a communication protocol ^ 'to transfer the host and client devices Between—group of pre-selected digital control and presentation data. The signal communication protocol link or link layer is used by the host or client to connect to the physical layer of the controller. At least one link controller in the host device is coupled through the communication path or link. To the client device 'and set to generate, transmit, and receive packets that form the communication protocol, and make the digital master data into one or more types of data packets. The interface provides two-way information for the host and the client In another aspect of the specific embodiment of the present invention, at least one client connection control! § or the client receiver is located in the client and communicates through the communication channel. A path or link is coupled to the host device. The client link controller is also configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets that form the communication protocol, and to form digital presentation data-or multiple types of data packets. Typically, the host or link controls It uses state-of-the-art machines to process shell packets for instruction or signal preparation or query processing, but it can use slow general-purpose processors to manipulate data used in communication protocols and some less complex ones. Packets. The host controller contains one or more differential line drivers; the client receiver also includes one or more differential line receivers coupled to the communication path. The packets are gathered in a media frame passed between the host and the client. The media frame has a predefined fixed length and a predetermined number of packets. The packets have different variable lengths. Each packet contains a packet length field, one or more packet data bits, and a cyclic redundancy. Check the field. A sub-frame header packet is transmitted from the host link controller, or is located at the beginning of the transmission of other packets. Video Streaming Packets and Audio Streams-9-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) The type of packet is used by the communication protocol to convert the image type Data and audio-based data are transmitted from the host to the client through a forward link to be presented to the user of the client device.-Or multiple back-link encapsulated packets are used by the communication protocol to transmit data from the client device To the host link controller. Filled packets are generated by the host link controller to occupy the forward link transmission period when there is no data. A plurality of other packets are used by the communication protocol to transfer image information. Such packets include color mapping, bit Metablock transfer, bitmap area filling, dot pattern filling, and transparent color-enabled packets. User-defined streaming packets are used by communication protocols to send interface-defined data using =. The keyboard data and pointing device data type packets are used by the communication protocol to send data to and from the user input device associated with the client device. The link-closed packet is used by the communication protocol to terminate data transmission in either direction on the communication route. Routes typically include or use a series of four or more conductors and -shielded wires. In some embodiments, the connection controller includes a USB data interface, and the cable uses a USB-type interface and other conductors. In addition, it is possible to print Linlin road or elastic conductor as required. The host connection controller requires the display function information of the client device in order to determine what type of data and data rate the client can use through the interface. 2. The client connection controller uses at least one display function type packet to transmit the display or presentation function to the host connection controller. Multiple transmission modes are available. Each mode allows different maximum amounts of data bits to be transmitted in parallel within a known time period, and each mode can be selected by negotiation between the host and the client link controller. These transmission modes can be found in the data -10- this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208

Responsiveness adjustment ', and the reverse connection does not need to use the same model as the forward connection. In another aspect of some specific embodiments of this month, the host device includes a wireless communication device, such as a wireless phone, a wireless PDA, or a portable computer with a wireless modem inside. A typical client device includes a portable shirt display, such as a micro-display device, and / or a portable audio presentation, and even the host can use a storage device or component to store and send it to the client device user. Presentation or multimedia material for display. The drawings briefly explain other features and advantages of the present invention, as well as the structure and operation of different specific embodiments of the present invention, which will be described in detail below with reference to _. In the drawings, the same, considering the number, generally indicate the same, similar function and / or structurally similar elements and processing steps, and the first occurrence of the element in the drawing, by the leftmost digit in the reference number To be instructed. Figure la illustrates the basic operating environment of the present invention, including the use of a microdisplay device that can be used in conjunction with a portable computer. Figure lb illustrates the basic environment in which the present invention can operate, including the use of a micro-display device and the sound presentation elements used in conjunction with a wireless transceiver. Figure 2 illustrates the overall concept of a mobile digital data interface with a host-client interaction. 'Figure 3 illustrates the packet structure used to transfer data from the client device to the host device. Figure 4 illustrates the use of MDDI link controllers, as well as for type I and type U interfaces, which use physical data to connect conductors and transmit between the host and the client. -11-This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X297 mm) 577208

Signal type. Figure 5 illustrates the use of the MDDI link controller and the types of signals used to connect the conductors to the host and user via physical data for the type η, m and IV interfaces. 1 Figure 6 illustrates the structure of frames and sub-frames used to implement interface protocols. Figure 7 illustrates the general structure of a packet used to implement an interface protocol. Figure 8 illustrates the format of a sub-frame header packet. Figure 9 shows the format and content of the padding packet. Figure 10 illustrates the format of a video stream packet. FIG. 11 illustrates the format and content of the video data format descriptor of FIG. 10. Figure 12 illustrates the use of data encapsulation and decapsulation formats. Figure 13 illustrates the format of an audio stream packet. Figure M illustrates the use of the Byte-Arrangement and Encapsulation PCM format of the data. Figure I5 illustrates the format of a user-defined stream packet. FIG. 16 illustrates the pattern of color correspondence packets. Figure 17 illustrates the format of a reverse link encapsulation packet. Figure 18 illustrates the format of a display function packet. Figure 19 illustrates the format of a keyboard data packet. Figure 20 illustrates the format of a pointer device data packet. Figure 21 illustrates the format of a Link Close packet. Figure 22 illustrates the format of the lay request and status packets. Figure 23 illustrates the format of a miscellaneous block transfer packet. Figure 24 illustrates the format of a dot matrix_field full packet. Figure 25 illustrates the format of a pattern fill packet. • 12 ·

577208 A7 _B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (10) Figure 26 illustrates the format of the communication link data channel packet. Figure 27 illustrates the format of an interface-type delivery request packet. FIG. 28 illustrates the format of an interface type acknowledgement packet. Figure 29 illustrates the format of an execution-based delivery packet. Figure 30 illustrates the format of a forward sound channel enable packet. Figure 31 illustrates the format of a reverse sound sample rate packet. Figure 32 illustrates the format of a digital content protection overhead packet. Figure 33 illustrates the format of a transparent color enabled packet. Figure 34 illustrates the format of a round-trip delay measurement packet. Figure 35 illustrates the timing of events during round-trip delay measurement packets. Figure 36 illustrates a sample implementation of a CRC generator and checker that can be used in the present invention. Figure 37a illustrates the timing of the CRC signal of the device of Figure 36 when transmitting a data packet. Fig. 37b illustrates the timing of the CRC signal of the device of Fig. 36 when a data packet is received. Figure 38 illustrates the processing steps for a typical service requirement when there is no contention. Figure 39 illustrates the process of asserting a typical service request after a link restart sequence has started to handle link start. Figure 40 illustrates how the data sequence is transmitted using the DATA-STB encryption method. Figure 41 illustrates a circuit that generates data and STB signals for the input data on the host and then restores the data on the client side. Figure 42 illustrates the driver and termination circuit used to implement a specific embodiment of the present invention. -13- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11). Figure 43 illustrates the steps the client uses to protect services from the host and the steps and signal levels at which the host provides such services. ^ Figure 44 illustrates the relative spacing when switching between DataO, other data lines (DataX), and strobe lines (Stb). Figure 45 illustrates the delay in responding when the host deactivates the host driver after transmitting a packet. Figure 46 illustrates the response delay that occurs when the host starts the host driver to transmit a packet. Figure 47 illustrates the relationship between the timing of the transmitted data and the leading and trailing edges of the strobe pulse at the host receiver input. Figure 48 illustrates the transition characteristics developed by the reverse data timing and the output delay to the application client. Fig. 49 illustrates a high-order signal processing step diagram. With this step, the present invention can realize synchronization using a state machine. Figure 50 illustrates the number of delays typically encountered by a system performing MDDI when processing signals on the forward and reverse paths. Figure 51 illustrates round-trip delay measurements at the edges. FIG. 52 illustrates changes in the backlink data rate. Figure 53 graphically shows the values of the reverse rate divisor and the forward link data rate. Figures 54a and 54b illustrate the steps taken when operating the interface. Detailed description of specific embodiments I. Overview The general purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile display digital interface (MDDI). -14- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7

As discussed below, it creates or provides a cost-effective, low-cost mechanism that uses "sequence" -type data links or channels, and short-range communication between specialized data between the host device and the display device. : D Provides this mechanism with its own implementation of micro-connectors and thin elasticity. It is particularly suitable for connecting display elements or devices, such as 5 lines (both mirrors or projection screens), and portable ㈣, no _; set = (eye protection device. Device, or entertainment. The invention can be used for a variety of different For communication or transmission of materials,-generally used for sound effects 'video or multimedia applications = host or source device of type f data'-until high-speed use 4 = non-existent devices. Typical applications, as discussed below, are for data transmission " s type electric, or wireless telephone or modem, until the image display device = small image screen or wearable micro display * device, such as goggles or helmets for ° mirrors and screens. Or the attribute has nothing to do with the specific display technology. Highly flexible mechanism to send data, has nothing to do with the internal structure of the data; = ㈣'s functional point of view or the instructions it implements. This packet timing is adjusted to the characteristics of a specific display device or hope that a certain 4 = Display :, or in accordance with some A_V system sound effects and video knots: Article: only agreement, the interface is only a display element or an unknown user knows the device. In addition, the sequence link data of the flat coffee set or Data rate (settings are different to allow communication systems or host-installed display update rates. Power requirements, complexity of client equipment, and -15-

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577208 A7 ____B7 V. Description of the invention (13) The data interface is mainly used to transmit a large amount of high-speed data over a wired, signal link or small cable. However, some applications can also use wireless links, including link-based optical devices If it is configured to use the same packet and data structure developed for the interface protocol, and can maintain the desired transmission or complexity with low power consumption to maintain practicality. II. Typical applications of the environment can be seen in Figure la And lb, which shows a portable or laptop computer 100 and a wireless telephone or personal digital assistant (PDA) device 102, and uses the display devices 104 and 106, respectively, and the sound reproduction system 108 and 110 to deliver Data. The wireless device can receive data or pre-store some amount of multimedia data in a memory element or device for later presentation or viewing and / or listening to the user of the wireless device. Since most of the time the wireless device Both are used for communication of sound and simple text. It has a relatively small display screen and a simple sound system (speaker) for The information is transmitted to the user of the device 102. The computer 100 has a large screen, but the external sound system is not enough, and there are still other multimedia devices such as high-definition televisions or moving screens. The computer 100 can be used for Illustrated and other types of processing flow, interactive video games and consumer electronic devices can also be used in the present invention. The computer 100 can use, but is not limited to, using a wireless modem and other built-in wireless communication devices, or linking to it as needed Devices that use cables and wireless links. This makes more complex or "rich content," rendering the information less useful or less interesting. Therefore, the industry is developing other mechanisms and devices to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) to -16- this paper size 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14): = Information is presented to the user, And provide the most basic fun or real = previously discussed, some types of display devices have been developed or designed to present information to users of the device 1 (). For example, the public above the home has developed several sets of wearable goggles, which can project images in front of the user's eyes in order to present a visual display. When properly worn, such devices can effectively " project, visual images and allow the user's eyes to see that such devices are much larger than the components that provide visual output. That is, a very small projection device allows the user ' s eyes to " see " an image on a device much larger than a normal LCD screen or similar device. Using a larger visual screen image has a higher resolution image than a limited LCD screen. Other display devices include, but are not limited to, small LCD screens, or different flat display elements' transmission lenses, and display drivers for projecting images on surfaces. There are other components connected to, or related to the use of the wireless device 102 and the computer 100, for presenting the output to other users or other devices, transmitting the signal to other places or storing it. For example, data may be stored in flash memory in optical form, for example, using writable CD media or magnetic media, such as tape recorders and similar devices, for future use. In addition, many wireless devices and computers now have built-in Mp3 music decoding, as well as other advanced sound decoders and systems. Portable computers generally have CD and DVD playback capabilities, as well as small, exclusive flash g-memory readers for receiving pre-recorded audio files. With -17- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 _B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (15) The problem with this type of function is that digital music files promise many new Features and rich experience, but can only be used if the decoding and playback processes can keep up. Digital image files have the same problem. To assist in sound reproduction, the external speaker 108, as shown in Fig. 1a, can also be accompanied by other components, such as a subwoofer for front and rear sound projection or surround speakers. Meanwhile, La. The eight or earphone 110 is built into the support structure and mechanism of the micro display device 106 as shown in FIG. It is well known that other sound effects and sound reproduction components that can be used include power amplifiers and sound shaping devices. In any case, as discussed above, when we want to transmit high-quality or high-resolution image data and high-quality audio information or data signals from more than one communication link 112 to the data source to the user, we must Have a high data rate. That is, since the current transmission mechanism cannot achieve the generally required high data rate, the transmission link 112 is obviously a potential bottleneck in data transmission, as previously discussed, and limits system performance. As discussed previously, for example, when the image resolution is higher, such as 1024 by 1024 pixels, the color density is 24-32 bits per pixel, and the data rate is 30 fps, the data rate can reach more than 336 Mbps . In addition, such images can be presented as part of multimedia. The so-called multimedia presentation includes audio data and potentially other signals that are responsible for processing interactive games or communications, or different commands, controls, or signals. Further increase quantity or data and data rate. It is also clear that the fewer cables or interconnecting devices used to establish the data link, it means that the display-related mobile devices are easier to use and easier to use -18- This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 _ _B7 _._ 5. Description of the invention (16) Accepted by more users. This is especially important when multiple devices are often used to create a full audio-visual experience, and especially as the quality of display and audio output devices continues to increase. Unfortunately, this higher data rate exceeds the rate at which data can be transmitted by today's technology. There is a need for a technology that can transmit data on a data transmission link or communication path between a presentation component and a data source at a higher rate, with consistent low power, compact size, and its cable structure as simple and Affordable. The applicant of this patent has developed new technologies, or methods and decorations, to achieve these and other objectives, allowing many mobile, portable, or even fixed-location devices to transmit data at extremely high data rates To the desired display, miniature display, or audio transmission element, while maintaining the desired power consumption and complexity. III. High-speed digital data interface system architecture In order to create a new device interface and effectively use it, signal protocols and system architectures have been designed to provide high data transfer rates using low-power signals. The agreement is built on the packet and general frame structure, or interconnected structures, so as to form an agreement for transmitting a pre-selected data set or data type set, and instructions or operating structures using the interface. A. Overview The devices connected by the MDDI link or the devices passed on the MDDI link are called the host and the client. The client is usually a certain type of display device. The data from the host to the display device are transmitted in the forward direction (referring to the forward flow or the connection), and the data from the display device to the host are in the reverse direction. -19- This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297mm) Five invention instructions (17 inverse and link), such as the way the host is enabled. As shown in Fig. 2, the connection between 206 and Λ is shown in Fig. 2: The host 2G2 uses a two-way communication channel h 204 ′, where the channel includes a forward connection 208 and a lead 210. However, these channels are formed by ordinary conductors, and the lean material transmission of the conductors is effectively between forward or reverse connection operations, as discussed elsewhere. The host includes devices in several classes using the present invention. Among them-. For example, the host 200 may be a handheld Fujitsu-type portable computer, or a similar mobile computing device, which may be a PDA, a calling device, or one of many wireless phones or modems. At the same time, the client 204 may include various devices for presenting the message to the user. For example, miniature displays integrated in goggles or glass, projection devices built into hats or steel pans, small screens built into cars, or even holographic photography elements, such as in windows or windshields , Or various mouthpieces, headphones, or sound systems, used to present high-quality sound or music. However, experts in the industry will find that the present invention is not limited to these devices, and there are many other devices on the market that have been proposed for use in an attempt to provide users with high-quality images and sounds, whether by using storage or transmission methods or in Rendered during playback. The present invention can be used to increase the data flow between different devices in order to provide the high data rate required to implement user experience. B. Interface Types MDD interfaces are considered to provide more than five unique physical interfaces in the telecommunications and computer industry. Here, they are simply referred to as Type-I, Type_n, Type-Ill, Type-IV, and Type-U 〇20 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Invention Instructions (18)

Type-I interface is configured as a 6-wire (conductor) interface, suitable for mobile or wireless phones, PDAs, e-books, video games, and portable media players, optical disc players, or MP3 players, and similar electronic consumer Sexual technology device. The Type-U interface is configured as an 8-wire (conductor) interface, which is more suitable for laptops, notebooks, and desktop personal computers and similar devices and applications. It does not need to update the display quickly, and it does not need to have internal Built MDDI link controller. This interface type is also different from the universal serial bus (USB) interface that uses an extra two wires, which is especially suitable for supporting existing software or software support found on most personal computers. The Type-u interface can also be used in USB-only mode, for example, when the monitor has only a USB connector and is connected to a standard USB port on a computer or similar device.

Type-II, Type-Ill, and Type_IV interfaces are suitable for high-performance displays or devices, as well as the use of larger complex cable structures with additional twisted-pair conductors to provide appropriate protection for data signals and low churn transmission .

The Type-I interface can transmit signals including display, sound effects, controls, and limited signal information. It is usually used for devices that do not require high-resolution, full-rate video data. This type of interface is mainly used for devices such as mobile wireless devices. There is usually no USB host in the device for connecting and transmitting signals. In this configuration, the mobile device is a host device and serves as the "main device" that controls the communication link from the host. This connection is generally used to transmit display data to the client (forward traffic and connection). ). In this interface, the host computer enables the host computer to receive communication data from the server. -21-This paper is standard paper towel g g standard (CNS) A4 specification (21GX 297 public love) 577208

(Reverse traffic or link), by sending a special command or packet type “user 鳊’ ”to allow it to take over the bus for a certain period of time and send the data to the host as a reverse packet. As shown in Figure 3, the type called encapsulation (discussed below) is used to accommodate the transmission of reverse packets on the transmission link in order to establish the reverse link. The time interval assigned to the host polling data display is

Predetermined by the host, and also combined with Du-A 1 and sufficient to determine the conditions for each particular application. This type of half-duplex, two-way data transfer is especially suitable when there is no USB port to transmit client information and data.

Type-U 彳 面 送 信号 相 # is suitable for laptop and desktop computers. The USB interface is widely supported by most motherboards or other hardware, as well as operating system software. With the new interface, you can use the “plug and play” function and set up the application device easily. The inclusion of USB also allows bidirectional flow of general instructions, status, and sound effects data. It is also used for user-side devices' image and sound effects data, which can be transmitted using low-power and high-speed twisted pair cables. Power can be transmitted using other lines, as discussed below. The specific embodiment of the present invention using a USB interface allows rapid transmission over a group of conductors, and at the same time, mainly implements signal transmission and control on the usB connection, and is turned off when not in use and consumes a small amount of power. The USB interface is a standard widely used in modems and personal computer equipment. The details of the USB interface and its operation are well known in the industry, so they are not explained here. As for the USB interface, the communication between the host and the display complies with the 2.0 version of the universal serial bus specification. In the application using Type_u interface, USB is the main signal transmission channel and possible voice return -22- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)

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Line 577208 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (20) Channel, the host can choose whether to poll the client via MDDI serial data signal. · HDTV type or similar high-resolution high-performance display requires a data stream of about 1.5 Gbp to support full-motion day-time images. The Type-II interface supports high data rates by transmitting 2 bits in parallel, the Type-Ill interface transmits 4 bits in parallel, and the Type-IV interface can transmit 8 bits in parallel. The protocol used by MDDI allows Type-I, -II, -III, or -N hosts to negotiate the highest data rate that can be used to communicate with clients or displays of Type-I, -II, -III, or -IV. The capabilities or available features of a device considered the least available are used to set the performance of the link. Generally, even if the host and client can use the Type-II, Type-III, or Type-IV interface system, both will start from the Type-I interface. Then, the host determines the functions of the target client and the display, and negotiates the handover or reconfiguration of any of Type-II, Type-III, or Type-IV modes, depending on the specific application device. Usually the host may use the appropriate link layer protocol (discussed further below) and slow down or reconfigure at any time to operate in a slower mode to save power, or to increase to a faster mode to support Higher rate transfers, such as when used to display content at higher resolutions. For example, when the display system is switched from a power source such as a battery to AC power, the host may change the display mode, or when the source of the display media is switched to a lower or higher resolution format, or these or other circumstances Or a combination of events may be considered as the reason for changing the display or data transfer mode. When the system transmits data, a certain mode can also be used in a certain direction. -23- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (21) Use another mode in one direction. For example, the Type IV interface mode can be used to transfer data to the display at high speed, and when transferring data from a peripheral device such as a keyboard or pointing device to the host device, use Type I or Type U mode. C. Real Interface Structure The general location of the device or connection controller that establishes communication between the host and client devices is shown in Figures 4 and 5. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the MDDI connection controller 402 is shown installed in the host device 202, and the MDDI connection controller 404 is installed in the client device 204. As before, the host 202 is connected to the client 204, using a bidirectional communication channel 406 containing a set of conductors. As discussed below, both the host and client connection controllers can use integrated circuits with a single circuit design. The circuit can be set, adjusted, or programmed to act as a host controller (driver) or client controller ( receiver). Since the single circuit devices are all mass-produced, the cost is lower. In FIG. 4, the USB host device 401 and the USB client device 410 are used to implement the MDDI of the Type U interface. Circuits and devices that implement this type of function are well known in the industry, so no further explanation is provided here. In FIG. 5, the MDDI connection controller 502 is shown installed in the host device 202 ', and the MDDI connection controller 504 is installed in the client device 204'. As before, the host 202 'is connected to the client 204' via a two-way communication channel 506 containing a set of conductors. As previously discussed, both the host and the client-side controller can be manufactured using a single circuit design method. The signal transmitted between the host and the client, such as on the MDDI connection. 24- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Display of the description of the invention (22) The device signals, or the actual conductor signals used, are shown in Figures 4 and 5. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the main path or mechanism for transmitting data via MDDI uses data signals labeled MDDI-DataO +/- and MDDI Stb + Λ. These signals are low-voltage data signals and are transmitted through differential line sets on the cable. Each bit transmitted on the interface will only be transferred once in the MDDI-DataO group or the MDDI Stb group. This is based on a voltage-based transmission mechanism rather than a current-based mechanism, so the static current consumption is close to zero. The host directs the MDDI_Stb signal towards the user display. When the data can flow in the MDDI_Data data set in both forward and reverse directions, that is, when it is a bidirectional transmission path, the host is the master of the data connection controller. Both the MDDI DataO and MDDI Stb signal paths operate in differential mode to improve noise immunity. The data rates quoted on these lines are determined by the clock rate transmitted by the host, and the range of variation is about 1 kbps to more than 400 Mbps. In addition to Type-I data sets or conductors or paths, the Type-II interface contains additional data sets or conductors or paths' called MDDI_Datal + / ·. In addition to the data sets or signal paths of the Type-Π interface, the Type-In interface also contains two additional data sets or signal paths, called MDDI-Data2 +/- and MDDI-Data3 +/-, respectively. In addition to the data sets or signal paths of the Type-III interface, the Type-IV interface also contains four additional data sets or signal paths, called MDDI_Data4 +/-, MDDI_Data5 +/-, MDDI_Data6 +/-, and MDDI_Data7 +/-. In the above interface configuration, the host uses MDDI_Pwr and -25- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm)

Binding

Line 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (23) MDDI-A Gnd line group or signal that transmits power to the client or display. Generally, only Type-u configured transmission type is MDDI USB connection or signal path. The MDDI USB connection contains a secondary path for communication between the host and the client display. In some applications, it is desirable to transfer some information between the host and the client at a very low data rate. The use of a USB transmission link allows devices without a MDDI connection controller but with a USB host or limited host function to communicate with MDDI-compatible clients or displays equipped with a Type-U interface. Examples of information that can be sent to the display on the USB interface are: static bitmaps, digital audio streams, pointing device data, keyboard data, and control and status information. All functions supported through the USB interface can be implemented using the main MDDI high-speed serial data path. When the above-defined data (see the following packet) can be transmitted through the USB interface, the requirement of linking data in the form of a back-to-back packet does not apply to this type of USB interface, nor does it apply to the use of MDDI to deliver packets. The following table I is a summary of the signals transmitted between the host and the client on the MDDI connection according to the interface type. Binding

line

Tvpe-I MDDIPwr / Gnd MDDT--Stb +/- MDDI_DataO +/- Tvpe-U MDDIPwr / Gnd MDDl Stb + A

Tvpe-II MDDI—Pwr / Gnd MDDl-Stb +/- MDDI_DataO +/- MDDI Data 1 +/-

Type-III MDDI—Pwr / Gnd MDDl—Stb +/- MDDI—DataO +/- MDDI: Datal +/- MDDI: Data2 +/- MDDl " Data3 + A

Tvpe-IV MDDIJPwr / Gnd MDDl-Stb +/- MDDI—DataO +/- MDDI_Datal +/- MDDI—Data2 +/- MDDI_Data3 +/- MDDI Data4 +/- -26 · This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 (Mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) MDDI Data0 + / _ MDDfuSB + A MDDI_Data5 +/- MDDI_Data6 +/- MDDI Data7 +/-

The cable generally used to achieve the above structure and operation actually has a length of approximately 1.5 meters' and contains three sets of conductor twisted pairs, each of which is a 30 AWG line with multiple wires. Cover the box shield cover or form the three sets of twisted pairs described above as additional drain lines. Twisted pair and shield drain conductors terminate at the display connector, have a shield connected to the shield (user end) of the display, and have an insulation layer covering the entire cable, as is well known in the industry. The pairing methods of this line are: MDDI_Gnd and MDDI_Pwr; MDDI_Stb + and MDDI_Stb-; MDDI_DataO + and MDDI_DataO-; MDDI_Datal + and MDDI-Datal-; etc. The actual diameter of the cable is 3.0 mm, the impedance is 85 ohms ± 10%, and the DC resistance is 110 ohms per 1,000 feet. The signal propagation speed should be 0_66c, and the maximum delay after the cable is less than about 8. 0 nsec ° D. Data Type and Rate In order to achieve a complete user experience and application interface, the mobile digital data interface (MDDI) supports a variety of different displays And display information, audio converters, keyboards, pointing devices, and many other input devices, the device may be integrated into or used with mobile display devices, plus control information and combinations of the above. The MDD interface is designed to be used with a variety of different types of cables or conductors in a forward or reverse connection in either direction. It is a potential type of data stream transmitted between the host and the client. Supports both isochronous streaming and asynchronous streaming (update). Many data type combinations are feasible, as long as the data rate after aggregation is low. -27- U scale is applicable to China National Forest Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) '^

k

577208 A7 B7 5. Invention Description (25) is equal to or equal to the required maximum MDDI connection rate. These can include, but are not limited to, the items listed in Tables II and III below.

Table II: Stereo audio data of 720x480, 12-bit, 30 minutes s ~ 124.5Mbps transmitted to the client-side video data 44.1kHz, 16-bit, stereo ~ 1.4 Mbps asynchronous graphic data 800x600, 12-bit, 10fs Stereo ~ 115.2 Mbps Asynchronous control with minimal «1.0 Mbps

Table III ^ Audio data transmitted from the client to the host, etc. 8 kHz, 8-bit «1.0 Mbps, etc. Video data 640x480, 12-bit, 24f / s ~ 88.5 Mbps Asynchronous status, minimal user input, etc. «1.0 Mbps The interface is not fixed, but can be extended to provide flexibility for future systems, so it can support the transmission of various types of information, including user-defined data. Examples of specific data that can be matched include: full motion day images, which can be all or part of the screen bitmap or compressed images; low-speed static bitmaps, which can save power and reduce implementation costs; various resolutions or rates PCM or compressed audio data; location and options for pointing devices, and user-defined data whose features are yet to be defined. This type of data can also be transmitted with control or status information to detect device functions or set operating parameters. Techniques that can be improved when the present invention is used for data transmission include, but are not limited to, -28- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 _B7__ V. Description of the invention (26) The following items: Watch videos (video display and sound effects), use a personal computer with limited viewing (graphic display, sometimes combined with video and sound effects), including: power on a personal computer, console, or personal device (moving day graphics Display, or synthesizing audio and video), "singing" on the Internet, using devices with video phone format (two-way low-speed video and audio), including: cameras for still digital pictures, cameras for capturing digital video images For productivity or entertainment purposes, including: mobile phones, smartphones or PDAs. The mobile data interface is discussed below. This interface can provide a large amount of A-V data through communication or transmission connections. It is usually configured as a line or cable connection. However, it is obvious that the signal structure, protocol, timing, or transmission mechanism can be adjusted to an optical or wireless media type connection as long as it can provide the required transmission. The concept of MDD interface signals is called Common Frame (CF), which can be used for basic signal protocols or structures. The concept behind using a common communication frame is to provide synchronization pulses for simultaneous isochronous data streams. The display device can use this common communication frame rate as a time reference. Low-speed CF increases channel efficiency by reducing overhead to transmit sub-frame headers. High-speed CF, on the other hand, reduces latency and allows smaller flexible data buffers for sound samples. The CF rate of the interface of the present invention is dynamically programmable and can be set to many values for use in isochronous streaming in specific applications. That is, the CF value that best fits the known display device and host configuration will be selected as needed. The number of bytes generally required for each communication frame can be adjusted or programmed for the isochronous data stream that is most likely to be used in an application, such as shown in Table IV. -29- This paper scale applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) Head-mounted miniature display.

Table IV Common communication frame rate 丨 (CFR) = 1200 Hz XY bit frame rate channel rate (Mbps) bytes / CFR DVD movie 720 480 12 30 1 124.4 12960 stereo graphics 800 600 12 10 2 115.2 12000 camera 640 480 12 24 1 88.5 9216 CD music 1 1 16 44 100 2 1.4 147 Sound 1 1 8 8000 1 0.1 6.7 Using simple programmable M / N counting structure, you can easily get the bit component number calculation formula for each common communication frame. For example, to achieve 26-2 / 3 bytes per CF, when transmitting 27 bytes of 2 frames, each frame must be followed by 26 bytes of one frame. You can choose a smaller CF rate, and each CF can produce an integer number of bytes. However, in general, in terms of the area of the integrated circuit chip used to partially or completely implement the present invention, the area required to implement a simple M / N expression on hardware requires a relatively large sound sample FIFO buffer. The required area comes small. The following examples are used to illustrate the impact of different data transfer rates and data types on the Kara0K system. In the case of karaoke, the system users sing along with the music video program. The lyrics appear at the bottom of the screen, so the user knows the lyrics to sing and the approximate time of the song. This application requires occasionally updating the image display of the screen and mixing the user's voice with the stereo audio stream. Assuming a total communication frame rate of 300 Hz, each CF will include: -30- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7___ V. Description of the invention (28) 92 , 160-bit video content and 588-bit audio content (based on 147 16-bit stereo samples) are transmitted to the display device through a forward link, with an average of 29.67 (26-2 / 3) bytes. The sound is transmitted back from the microphone to the mobile karaoke machine. Asynchronous packets are transmitted between the host and the display. This contains up to 768 bytes of graphic data (a quarter of the screen's height) and less than about 200 bytes (several) for various controls and status indicators. Table V shows the communication box in the Karaoke example. Information configuration. The total speed used is selected to be approximately 225 Mbps. The slightly higher rate of 226 Mbps allows approximately 400 bytes of data to be transmitted per sub-frame, which allows occasional use of control or status messages.

Table V Component rate bytes / CF 64 × 48 × pixels and 30 fps) music video 92160 640 X 120 pixels and 1 fjps lyrics text 768 CD sound effects, 44,100 sps, stereo, 16-bit 588 sound 8,000sps, single tone, 8-bit 26.67 sub-frame header 19 reverse link overhead 26.67 + 2 * 9 + 20 total bytes / CF 93626.33 Sum of speed (Mbps) 224.7032 E. Link layer uses MDD interface high-speed sequence The data sent by the data signal includes time-multiplexed packet streams connected to each other. The MDDI link controller will automatically send the filling packet even when the transmission device has no data to transmit, so -31-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Line 577208 A7 _B7 _._ 5. The invention description (29) also maintains the packet flow. Using a simple packet structure can ensure reliable isochronous timing of audio and video signals or data streams. The group of packets contained in a signal component or structure is called a sub-frame, and the group of sub-frames contained in a signal component or structure is called a media frame. A sub-frame contains one or more packets, depending on its size and data transfer purpose. The media frame must contain more than one sub-frame. The maximum sub-frame provided by the protocol used in the present invention is 232-1 or 4,294,967,295 bytes, and the largest media frame size is 216-1 or 65,535 sub-frames. The following sections discuss special header packets that appear at the beginning of each sub-frame and contain unique identifiers. When the communication between the host and the display starts, this identification item is also used to obtain the frame timing of the client device. The link timing acquisition is discussed further below. Normally, when displaying full motion daytime images, the display is updated once per media frame. The display box has the same rate as the media box. Depending on the application, the link agreement determines whether to support full-motion day-time images on the entire display, or a small portion of full-motion day-time image content surrounded by static images. In some low-power mobile applications, such as when viewing web pages or emails, the display only needs to be updated occasionally. In this case, it is best to send a single sub-frame and then close the link to save power consumption. The interface also supports stereo image effects and can handle basic graphics units. The sub-frame can transmit packets with high priority at regular intervals. This allows simultaneous isochronous streaming to coexist with a minimum amount of data buffering. This is one of the benefits provided by the present invention for the display process, which allows multiple data streams (high-speed transmission of images, sounds, controls, status, indicator devices, etc.) to be actually shared -32- This paper standard applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 _ B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (30) Public channel. It uses relatively few signals to transmit information. And achieve the effect of some display technologies, such as the horizontal synchronization pulse and blanking interval of the CRT screen. F. Link Controllers The MDDI link controllers shown in Figures 4 and 5 are produced or combined as a complete digital implementation, except for differential line receivers used to receive MDDI data and strobe signals. To implement the controller hardware, no analog function or phase-locked loop (PLL) is required. The host and display link controllers have very similar functions, except for the display interface, which contains the state machine for link synchronization. Therefore, the present invention can be designed as a single controller that can be configured as a host or a client. As a whole, this can reduce the production cost of the connected controller. IV. Interface Link Agreement A. Frame Structure FIG. 6 shows a signal protocol or frame structure for forward link communication for packet transmission. As shown in Figure 6, the information or digital data combined into a component is called a packet. Multiple packets can be combined into a “sub-frame”, and multiple sub-frames can be combined into a “media” frame. In order to control the formation of frames and the transmission of sub-frames, each sub-frame starts with a special predefined packet, called a sub-frame header packet (SHP). The host device selects the data rate to be used for the known transfer. This rate can be dynamically changed by the host device simultaneously based on the host's maximum transmission capacity or data retrieved from the source by the host, and the display's maximum capacity or other device to which the data is transmitted. -33- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (31) A receiving client device designed or capable of working with MDDI or innovative signal agreement, acceptable The host queries to determine the maximum, current maximum, usable data transfer rate, or slower default minimum rate that can be used, as well as the types of data that can be used and supported features. This information can be transmitted using a display function packet (DCP), which is discussed further below. The client display device can use the interface to send data or communicate with other devices at a preselected minimum data rate or within a minimum data rate range, and the host can use the data rate within this range to perform queries. In order to determine the full functionality of the client device. Other status information that defines the bitmap characteristics and the function of the display image frame rate can be transmitted to the host in a status packet, so the host can view the actual situation as efficiently as possible or optimized within the system limits Way to configure the interface. When there is no (more) data packet transmission in the current sub-frame, or when the host's transmission rate cannot keep up with the data transmission rate selected for the forward link, the host sends a padding packet. Since each sub-frame starts with a sub-frame header packet, the previous sub-frame ends with a packet (most likely a filled packet) that completely fills the previous sub-frame. If there is no space to carry the data of the packet itself, the filled packet is most likely to fill the last packet of the sub-frame, or the end of the first two sub-frames and before the header of a certain sub-frame. It is a control operation of the host device to ensure that there is enough space left in the sub-frame so that each packet in the sub-frame can be transmitted. At the same time, once the host device initiates the transmission of the data packet, the host must be able to successfully complete a packet of that size in the frame without the data being executed in private under 34-577208 V. Invention Description (32). Mode An aspect of a specific embodiment of the invention. -One is circular sub-centering. There are two types of sub-frame transmission, which are used to transmit real-time reference streams. In this mode, the length of the 'sub-frame' is defined as non-zero two: The second type is an asynchronous or non-cyclic mode. In this mode, === is used to provide dot matrix to the display device. This = Indeterminate method: The sub-message in the sub-frame header packet is used. When the loop mode is used, if the display and the forward link frame structure =, sub-frame packet reception will start. This corresponds to the definition according to the diagram, "synchronization" in the synchronization. The state of oil production η and 丨 _ status. In the non-synchronous acyclic sub-frame mode, the first sub-frame symbol is received. Receiving will start after the first packet. Β · Conceived packet structure The following will describe the packet format or structure that constitutes the signal protocol implemented by the present invention. It should be remembered that the interface is expandable, and additional = packets can be added as needed . According to the function of the packet in the interface, that is, the command or the shell material 'packet is marked as, or differentiated into different " packet types ". Therefore, each packet type represents a predefined packet structure of a known packet, which can be used to manipulate the packet and the data transmitted. Obviously, the packet has a pre-selected length, or a variable or dynamically changing length according to its individual function. The bytes or byte values used in different packets are configured as multi-bit (8_ or 16_ bit) unsigned integers. Table ¥ 1 shows a summary of the unused packets and their representative "types", arranged by type. The table also indicates the valid packet transmission direction and whether it is available for the Type_u interface. · -35- M paper standard (CNS) M specification (mano public love) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (33) Table VI Packet name 'Packet type effective direction forward and reverse Type-U newsletter Frame header packet 255 XX Fill packet 0 XX Video stream packet 1 XXX Sound stream packet 2 XXX Reserved stream packet 3-55 User-defined stream packet 56-63 XXX Color mapping packet 64 XXX Backlink package packet 65 X Display function packet 66 XX keyboard data packet 67 XXX pointing device data packet 68 XXX link closed packet 69 X display request and status packet 70 XX bit block transmission packet 71 XX dot pattern area fill packet 72 XX dot pattern fill packet 73 XX Communication link data channel packet 74 XXX interface type delivery request packet 75 X interface type confirmation packet 76 X execution type delivery packet 77 X forward sound channel enable packet 78 XX reverse sound sample rate packet 79 XX digital content protection overhead packet 80 XXX Transparent Color Enable Packet 81 XX Round Trip Delay Measurement Packet 82 X Packets have a total The basic structure or basic entire field of the communication includes a packet length field, a packet type field, a data byte field, and a CRC field, as shown in FIG. 7. As shown in Figure 7, the packet length field contains information in multi-bit or byte-value format. You can specify the total number of bits in the packet or the packet. -36- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (34 = the length between the degree field and the CRC field. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the packet length field contains _16 16 bits or 2_ bits. The number of bits ^ group width and unremembered u number 'can specify the packet length. The packet-type booth is another multi-bit booth cover. The type of information contained in it. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is 8- Bit or! Byte width value, formatted as a bitless integer, specifying this type of data as display function, delivery, video or audio stream, status, etc. The second stop is the data bit A tuple containing bits or data being transmitted or transmitted between the host and the client device. According to the specific type of data transmitted, the data H is defined for each packet type, and is divided into a series of additional, blocking 'per- The format has its own format conditions. That is, the parent packet class Type has this part or the definition format of this block. The last bit is the CRC block. This field contains a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check on the data byte, packet type, and packet length fields. As a result, this bit is used to confirm the integrity of the information in the packet. In other words, it calculates all packets except the block itself. Usually the client will keep the total number of CRC errors detected and report this number back Display the request and status of the host in the packet (see below). During the transmission of a packet, the block will start with the "least significant bit" (LSB) and end with the "most significant bit" (msb). Parameters with a length of more than one bit are transmitted using the least significant byte first, which results in the use of the same transmission mode for parameters longer than 8 bits, as with the shorter parameters used to transmit the LSB first. The data on the signal path is in one of the following modes: Type_ -37- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 _ _B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (35) I, Ty pe_II, Type-III, or Type-IV will line up with the bit 0 bytes transmitted on the interface. When controlling the display data, first send pixel data from the column, and then the column, just like traditional The electronic technology is average. In other words, all the pixels appearing in the same column in the bit correspondence are transmitted from the leftmost pixel first, and finally the rightmost pixel. The rightmost of a column After the pixels are transmitted, the next pixel in the transmission sequence will be the leftmost pixel in the next column. For most displays, the pixel columns are generally in the order from top to bottom. Transfer, but other configurations can be used if required. In addition, when processing bitmaps, the traditional method, that is, the method mentioned below, is to define a reference point, which is to mark the upper left corner of the bitmap as the position or offset "0,0". The X and Y axes are used to define or determine the position in the bitmap. The values increase as you move closer to the right and lower sides of the bitmap. The first and first columns start with zero values. C. Packet definition 1. Sub-frame header packet The sub-frame header packet is the first packet of each sub-frame and has the basic structure shown in Figure 8. As shown in Fig. 8, this type of packet structure has packet length, packet type, unique word, sub-frame length, protocol version, sub-frame calculation, and media-frame calculation fields, which are usually arranged in this order. This type of packet is often called a Type 255 (Oxff hex) packet and uses a preselected fixed-length 17-byte byte. When the packet type field uses a 1-byte value, the unique word field uses a 3-byte value. The combination of these two niches can form a 4-byte group with good -38- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7____ 5. Description of the invention (36) Good automatic Relevant 32-bit unique words. In fact, the unique word is 0x005a3bff, where the lowest 8 bits are transmitted first in the packet type, and then the highest 24 bits are transmitted. The sub-frame length field contains 4-byte information that specifies the number of bytes per sub-frame. The length of this bit can be set equal to zero, which means that the host can only send one sub-frame before the link is closed to idle state. The value in this field can be changed quickly and dynamically when moving from one sub-frame to the next. This function is very useful to adjust the secondary timing in the sync pulse to match the isochronous data stream. If the CRC of the sub-frame header packet is invalid, the link controller should use the sub-frame length of the previous known good sub-frame header packet to evaluate the current sub-frame length. The protocol version block contains 2 bytes, which can specify the protocol version used by the host. The protocol version bit is set to "0" to specify the first or current protocol version used. When creating a new version, this value will change over time. The sub-frame count block contains 2 bytes and can specify the number of sequences. This sequence number indicates the number of sub-frames that have been transmitted since the start of the media frame. The first sub-frame of a media frame has a sub-frame count of zero. The last sub-frame of a media frame has a value of η-1, where η is the number of sub-frames in each media frame. It should be noted that if the fruit frame length is set to zero (for acyclic sub-frames), the sub-frame count must also be set to zero. The media frame count field contains 3 bytes and can specify the number of sequences. The sequence number indicates the number of media frames that have been transmitted since the current media item or data started. The first media frame of a media item has a media frame count of zero. Before the first sub-frame of each media frame, the media frame count will increase gradually, and -39- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 Five inventions Explanation (37 After using the largest media frame count, it will return to zero (media-frame number 224-1 = 16,777,215). The media-frame count value is generally reset by the host at any time to match the end application device The requirement is that padding packets are packets sent to or from the client device when no other information is transmitted on the forward or reverse link. We recommend that padding packets have a minimum length before they can be transmitted. The other packets have the greatest flexibility. At the very end of the sub-frame or reverse link package (see below), the link control sets the size of the remaining blank_filled packet 'to maintain the integrity of the packet. The format and content of the packet are shown in Figure 9. As shown in Figure 9, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, padding group, and CRC stall. This type of packet is generally called 〇, indicated in the field byte type field. The bits in the padding byte block are bytes, and the number of all bits that can be changed is zero, making the padding packet the required length. Minimum There is no byte block in the filled packet. That is, the packet contains only the packet length, packet type, and CRC, and uses a pre-selected fixed length of 3 bytes. ^ Pre: like ^ The packet carries image data to update Irregular rectangle of the display device :: The size of this area can be as small as a pixel size or as large as a whole. The number of streams displayed at the same time is almost unlimited, only =: resources, because the stream is displayed All the required content includes: The format of the image stream packet (image data format descriptor) in the L dagger. • 40-577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (38) As shown in Figure 10. See Figure 10, This type of packet structure includes packet length, packet type, image data descriptor, display attributes, X left edge, Y top edge, X right edge, Y bottom edge, and X and Y starting points, pixel count, parameter CRC, map Prime information, and CRC fields. The type of packet is generally called Type 1, which is indicated in the 1-bit type nibble. The concept of the communication box discussed above is an effective way to reduce the size of the sound buffer and reduce the waiting time. However, for video data, it is possible The pixels of the image frame must be expanded to multiple image stream packets in the media frame. It is also possible that the pixels in a single image stream packet cannot fully correspond to the regular rectangular window on the display. At 30 frames per second The image frame rate is an example. There are 300 sub frames per second, which can result in 10 sub frames per media frame. If each frame has 480 columns of pixels, each image in each sub frame Stream packets will contain 48 columns of pixels. In other cases, image stream packets may not contain an integer number of pixels. This also applies to other image frame sizes. The number of sub-frames of each media frame is not necessarily divided into several rows per image frame (called the image line). Each video stream packet must contain integer pixels, even if it does not necessarily contain pixels with an integer number of columns. This is especially important if the pixels of each packet are more than one byte or if the pixels have a packet-type format, as shown in Figure 12. The format and content are used to implement the above-mentioned image data descriptor field, as shown in Figures 11a-lid. In FIGS. 11a-Ud, the image data format description sub-bit contains a 2-byte with a 16-bit unsigned integer format, which specifies the format of each pixel in the pixel data of the current packet stream. It is possible that different streams (designated by the stream ID bit) will use different pixel data. -41-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 577208

Format, that is, using different image data format descriptor values, and similarly, any stream can quickly change its data format. The image data format descriptor only defines the pixel format of the current packet, which does not mean that a particular image stream will always use the same format. " 'Figures 11a to 11d illustrate the encoding method of the image data format descriptor. As shown in these figures, when the bit [15:13] is equal to 10,000, as shown in the figure, the image data will contain-a set of monochrome pixels, where the number of bits per pixel is determined by the image Data format descriptors are defined by bits 3 to 0. In this case, bits 11 to 4 are set to zero. When bit [15:13] is equal to "〇〇1", as shown in Fig. 11b, the image data will contain a set of color pixels, and each pixel corresponds to the specified color through color. In this case, bits 5 to 0 of the image data format description subword define the number of bits per pixel, and bits 11 to 6 are set equal to zero. When bit [15:13] is equal to "010", as shown in Figure 11c, the image data contains a set of color pixels, where the number of bits of red pixels is defined by bits 1; 1 to 8, and the green image The number of bits of a pixel is defined by bits 7 to 4, and the number of bits of a blue pixel is defined by bits 3 to 0. In this case, the total number of bits per pixel is equal to the sum of the number of bits used for red, green, and blue. However, when bit [15:13] is equal to, 〇11 ", as shown in Figure 11 (1), the image data contains a set of image data with luminance and chrominance information in a format of 4: 2: 2, where The number of bits of pixel brightness (Y) is defined by bits 11 to 8, the number of bits of Cr element is defined by bits 7 to 4, and the number of bits of Cb element is defined by bits 3 to 0. Each picture The total number of prime bits is equal to the sum of the number of bits used for red, green, and blue. The transfer rate of Cr and Cb elements is half of γ. In addition to this -42- This paper standard applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7

Outside 'The image samples in the pixel data part of this packet are arranged as follows:: Crn,' Cbn 'γη + 1, Yn ",, ah ..., ......... / ^ and ^ are related to L and ^, And 0Γη + 2 and% + 2 are related to n + 2 and Yn + 3, and so on. If there is an odd number of pixels in a column in the current stream (X right edge-x left edge + i), it corresponds to each The Cb value of the last pixel in the column will immediately follow the y value of the first pixel in the next column. For the four formats shown in the figure, bit 12 is represented by "P", indicating a sample of pixel data Whether to encapsulate, or whether it is byte-aligned pixel data. The "G" in this field indicates that each pixel in each pixel and the pixel color in the pixel data block are aligned with the MDDI interface byte boundary bytes. "1" means each image Pixels and each color in each pixel in the pixel data corresponds to the pre-pixels or colors in the unused bit pixels that have not been left for encapsulation. &Quot; The first image stream of a specific display window The first pixel in will enter the upper left corner of the streaming window defined by 乂 offset and Y offset, and the received lower pixel will be placed at the next pixel position in the same column, and so on To speed up this operation, the display must associate "the next pixel row and column, and the count with each active stream ID. 4. Audio stream packet. The audio stream packet carries audio data played through the display system or a stand-alone display device. Different audio data streams can be assigned to individual audio channels in the audio system. For example, depending on the type of audio system used, it can be assigned to left front, right front, center, left rear, and right rear. The complete supplementary interval of the sound channel can also be provided to the ears that include enhanced surround signal processing. -43- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2iOX297)

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machine. The format of the audio stream packet is shown in Figure 13. As shown in Figure 13, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, audio channel, audio sample count, bit and packaging per sample, audio sampling rate, parameter CRC, digital audio data, and audio data CR (: Field. This type of packet is generally referred to as a Type 2 packet. Each sample bit and encapsulation block contains an 8-bit unsigned integer of i-bytes, which can be used as a private packaging format. Generally used The format is bits 4 to 0 to define the number of bits per -PCM sound sample. Bit 5 specifies that the digital sound data sample is a sound sample that is pre-installed and aligned with bytes, as shown in Figure 14. "," "Means that every -pcM sound effect sample in the digital sound data unit is aligned with the MDDI interface byte boundary byte," ", which means that each successive PCM sound effect sample is packaged corresponding to the previous sound effect sample. This bit is valid only if the value defined in bits 4 to 0 (the number of bits per pCM sound sample) is not a multiple of eight. Bits 7 to 6 are reserved for future use and are generally set to zero . Stream packets Types 3 to 55 are all reserved for defining future versions or variants of the packet stream protocol, and can be used by different applications in the future. From here again, this technology enables the MDD interface compared to other technologies More flexible 'and more useful in the face of changing technology and system design. The user defines eight types of data streams, called Types 5 6 to 63, which are reserved for exclusive use. Manufacturers can use -44-National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) when used in conjunction with MDDI connection. 5. Description of the invention (42) A7 B7: Meaning. No packets are called user-defined. Streaming packets. Video stream packets carry shirt-like data to update the rectangular (or non-rectangular) area of the display device. These packet-type streaming parameters and data definitions are reserved for specific device manufacturers when seeking their exclusive use. Users The format of the stream packet is shown in Figure 15. As shown in Figure 15, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, stream ID number, stream parameter, parameter cRc, stream data, and stream. CRC stop of stream data. K color pin should be white shirt color corresponding packet can specify the content of the color mapping lookup table used to display the color of the display. When the amount of application data is greater than the amount of data that can be transmitted in a single packet, color mapping In these cases, multiple color-correspondence packets can be transmitted. Each packet has a different color-correspondence subset by using the offset and length blocks described below. The format of color-correspondence packets is shown in item 16. As shown in Figure 16, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, color corresponding data size, color corresponding offset, parameter CRC, color corresponding data, and data CRC fields. This type of packet is generally called Type 64 packets. 8. Reverse Link Encapsulation White. Data is transmitted in the reverse direction using reverse link encapsulation packets. After the forward link packet is transmitted, the MDDI link operation (transmission direction) is changed or turned in the packet i, and the packet is transmitted in the reverse direction. The format of the reverse link packet is shown in Figure 17. As shown in Fig. 17, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, reverse link flag, turn length, parameter CRC, turn 1, reverse data packet, and turn 2. This type of seal -45- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (43) The package is generally called Type 65 package. The MDDI link controller operates in a special way in transmitting backlink encapsulated packets. The MDD interface has a strobe signal driven by the host. The host functions in the same way that it sends zeros to every bit of the reverse and reverse data packet portion of the reverse link packet. The host switches the MDDI strobe signal at each bit boundary during the two turns and allocated to the reverse data packet. (This action is the same as the action of sending all zero data). The host deactivates its MDDI data signal line driver within the period specified by turn 1. The client end re-enables its line driver during the re-enable field of the drive after the turn period specified by turn 2. The display reads the steering length parameter and immediately drives the data signal to the host after turning to the last bit of the 1st field. The display uses the packet length and turn length parameters to understand how long it can deliver a packet to the host. When no data is transmitted to the host, the client can send padding packets or make the data line zero. If the data line is driven to zero, the host will interpret this situation as the packet length is zero (invalid length), and the host will not accept any other packets from the client during the current reverse link encapsulation packet. The display is driven to at least one reverse-connected clock period before the turn 2 block starts, driving the MDDI data line to zero order. This keeps the data line in a decisive state during turn 2. If the client does not have any packets to send, it may disable the data line after driving the packet to zero, because the sleep bias resistor (to be discussed elsewhere) will keep the data line during the remaining reverse data packet fields At zero order. The display request and the status of the reverse link request block can be used to notify the master-46- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 ___ B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (44) The number of bytes required in the reverse link encapsulation packet when the display sends data back to the host. The host attempts to allow the request by allocating at least a few bytes on the reverse link encapsulation packet. The host can send more than one reverse link encapsulation packet in the sub-frame. The display can send display requests and status packets at almost any time, and the host interprets the reverse link request parameter as the total number of bytes requested in the sub-frame. 9. Display Function Packet The host needs to know the capabilities of the display (client) it is communicating with in order to configure the host-to-display connection in the best or generally required way. The present invention recommends that after the forward link synchronization is obtained, the display transmits a display function packet to the host. When the host makes a request using the reverse link flag in a reverse link encapsulation packet, the transmission of such a packet is considered necessary. The format of the display function packet is shown in Figure 18. As shown in Figure 18, this type of packet structure includes packet length, packet type, protocol version, minimum protocol version, bitmap width, bitmap day height, monochrome function, color corresponding function, RGB function, Y Cr Cb function, display feature function, data rate function, frame rate function, sound buffer depth, sound streaming function, sound rate function, minimum sub frame rate, and CRC fields. This type of packet is commonly referred to as a Type 66 packet. 10. Keyboard data packet The keyboard data packet is used to transfer data from the client device to the host. Wireless (or wired) keyboards can be used in combination with different displays or audio devices, including but not limited to head-mounted video displays / audio presentation devices. The keyboard data packet will be received from a number of known keyboard-like keyboard devices and transferred to -47- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (45) Host. This packet can also send data to the keyboard on a forward link. The keyboard shell format is shown in Figure 19 and contains a number of variable tribute bytes from or for the keyboard. As shown in Figure 19, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, keyboard data, and CRC bits. This type of packet is commonly referred to as a Type 67 packet. The target device is obliquely white. The pointing device data packet is used to transmit location information from the wireless mouse or other pointing device on the display to the host. Data can also be sent to the pointing device over this link using this packet. The format of the pointing device data packet is shown in Figure 20, and contains a variable number of information bytes from or for the pointing device. As shown in Figure 20, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, index device information, and CRC block. This type of packet is generally called a Type 68 packet in a 1-byte type block. This link is closed. The red link-closed packet is sent from the host to the client display. It means that * mddi data and strobes will be closed and enter a low power consumption "sleep" state. This packet can be used to close the connection and save power after the static bitmap is transmitted from the mobile communication device to the display, or when no further information is transmitted from the host to the client. When the host sends the packet again, normal operation resumes. The first packet sent after hibernation is a sub-frame header packet. The format of the display status packet is shown in Figure 21. As shown in Figure 21, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, and CRC block. This type of packet is usually called a Type 69 packet in a 1-byte field and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 3-byte. '-48-577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (46) In the low-power sleep state, the MDDI data driver will be disabled and enter a high-impedance state. The system uses a high-impedance offset network that can be overdriven by the display to convert the MDDI_Data signal. Pull to logic zero. The strobe signal used by the interface is set to logic zero in the sleep state to reduce power consumption. Both the host and the display will cause the MDDI link to "wake up" from the sleep state described elsewhere, which is an important improvement and advantage of the present invention. 13. Display requirements and status packets The host needs a small amount of information about the display in order to optimally configure the host-to-display connection. The present invention suggests that each sub-frame sends a display status packet to the host. The monitor will send this packet as the first packet in the reverse link packet to ensure that the packet will be reliably transmitted to the host. The format of the display status packet is shown in Figure 22. As shown in Figure 22, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, reverse link request, CRC error count, and CRC field. This type of packet is usually called a Type 70 packet in a 1-byte field and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 7-byte packet. The backlink request field can be used to notify the host, and the display sends the data back to the host as the number of bytes required in the backlink encapsulation packet. The host shall attempt to allow this request by allocating at least this number of bytes in the reverse link encapsulation packet. The host can send more than one backlink packet in the sub-frame to hold the data. The display can send display requests and status packets at any time, and the host interprets the reverse link request parameter as the total number of bytes required in the sub-frame. Additional details and specific examples of how backlink data is returned to the host are explained later. -49- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

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577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14. Bit block 偻 i 刼 刼 White bit block transmission packet provides a method of scrolling the display area in any direction. A monitor with this function will display the feature of the function packet on the display Instruct block 0 to notify this function. The format of the bit block transmission packet is shown in Figure 23. As shown in Figure 23, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, 'top left X value, top left γ value, window width, window width, window X shift, window γ shift, and Crc bit. This type of packet is usually called a Type 71 packet and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 15-byte byte. Some blocks are used To indicate the coordinates of the upper left corner of the window to be moved and the γ value, the width and height of the window to be moved, and the number of pixels when the window is moved horizontally and vertically, respectively. When the values of the last two stops are positive, it will make The window moves to the right and down. If it is a negative number, the window moves to the left and up. 15. The dot barrier area 娀 埴 the incident red dot area is filled in the packet to provide a simple way to start the display area as a single The method of color. The display with this function will report this function in the display feature indication bit 1 of the display of the function packet. The format of the packet filled in the bitmap area is shown in Figure 24. As shown in Figure 24 It shows that the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, upper left X value, upper left γ value, visual iS width, window southness, data formatting descriptor, pixel area filling value, and CRC field. This type The packet is usually called a Type 72 packet in a 1-byte field, and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 17-byte packet. -50- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Centimeters)

577208 A7 B7

Pattern 埴 Incident Red Dot pattern fill packet provides a way to easily start the display area with a pre-selected pattern. The display with this function will be in the display feature packet indicating feature bit 2 of the display, and this function will not work. Fill figure: The upper left corner of the drawing is aligned with the upper left corner of the window to be filled. If the window to be filled is wider or south ’than the pattern, the pattern will repeat horizontally or vertically several times. The right or bottom of the repeating pattern will be worn off if necessary. If the window is smaller than the fill pattern, the right or bottom of the fill pattern is truncated to fit the window. The format of the packet filled with dot pattern is shown in Figure 25. As shown in Figure M, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet_, upper-left value, upper-left value, window width, window height, pattern width, pattern height f, data format descriptor, parameter ⑽, ® Case @ 素 数据, and 图 素 贝 料 CRC stop. The: ^ type of packet is generally referred to as a Type 73 packet in the i-bit type stall. The material channel seals 'pass money knots. The material channel packets provide square wires with high-order computing functions. ^ No w < columns such as PDA' can communicate with wireless transceivers such as mobile phones or wireless data port devices. In this case, the connection is as convenient as a high-speed connection between a two-way device and a computing device with a mobile display. This packet sends data to the device through the data link layer of the operating system. For example, 'this The packet can be used for web browser, e-mail client or the entire PDA built into the mobile display. The display with this function will display the feature indication field of the display of the function packet

Hit »I

577208 A7 B7 5. In the description of the invention (49) 3, notify this function. The format of the communication link data channel packet is shown in Figure 26. As shown in Figure 26, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, parameter CRC, communication link data, and communication data CRC block. This type of packet is generally called a Type 74 packet in the Type field. 18. Interface Type Delivery Request Packet Interface Type Delivery Request Packet enables the host to request the client or display to switch from the existing or current mode to Type-I (sequence), Typ (π-bit parallel), Type-III (4-bit juxtaposition), or τγρ ^ ιν (844 yuan juxtaposition) mode. When the host asks for a specific mode, it will first check the display function bits of bits 6 and 7 of the display function packet. The green recognition display can work in the desired mode. The format of the interface-based delivery request packet is shown in Figure 27. As shown in Figure 27, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, interface type, and CRC field. This type of packet is often called a Type 75 packet and uses a preselected fixed-length 4-byte byte. 11. Interface recognition packet The interface type confirmation packet is sent by the display to confirm the receipt of the interface type delivery packet. The required mode, Type-I (sequence), Type-n (2-bit juxtaposition), Type-III (4-bit juxtaposition), or Tγγ · ιν (8 ^ juxtaposition) mode 'will be returned to the host As a parameter in this packet. The format of the interface type confirmation packet is shown in Figure 28. As shown in Figure 28, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, interface type, and CRC block. This type of packet is usually called a Type 76 packet and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 4-byte. -52- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm)

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577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (50) 20. Executable delivery package The executeable delivery package is a method in which the host commands the display to deliver to the specified mode of this packet. This packet mode will be the same as the interface-type handover request packet and interface-type acknowledgement packet previously required and acknowledged. After transmitting this packet, the host and display will switch to the mutually agreed mode. The display may lose or regain link synchronization during the mode change. The format of the execution delivery packet is shown in Figure 29. As shown in Figure 29, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, interface type, and CRC field. This type of packet is usually called a Type 77 packet in a 1-byte field and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 4-byte field. 21. Forward Audio Channel Enable Packet This packet allows the host to enable or disable the audio channel in the display. The function of this function is: · When the host computer does not output sound effects, the display (user side) can turn off the power of the sound effect amplifier or similar circuit components to save power. It can be difficult to achieve just with or without audio streaming. Shows that the default state when the system is powered on is that all audio channels are enabled. The format of the forward sound channel enable packet is shown in Figure 30. As shown in Figure 30, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, audio channel enable mask, and CRC field. This type of packet is usually called a Type 78 packet in a 1-byte field and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 4-byte. 22. Reverse Audio Sample Rate Packet This packet allows the host to enable or disable the reverse link audio channel and set the audio data sample rate for this stream. The host chooses to display the sampling rate defined as valid in the function packet. If the host chooses an invalid sampling speed -53- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) binding

Line 577208 A7 __B7__ 5. Description of the invention (51). The display will not send audio stream to the host. By setting the sample rate to 25 5 the host can disable reverse link audio streaming. The default state when the display system is powered on or connected to the display system is to disable reverse link audio streaming. The format of the reverse sound sampling rate packet is shown in Figure 31. As shown in Figure 31, the structure of this type of packet includes packet length, packet type, audio sampling rate, and CRC bit. This type of packet is usually called a Type 79 packet and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 4-byte. 23. Digital Content Protection Overhead Packet This packet allows the host and display to exchange information about the digital content protection method used. Currently only two types of content protection are considered, Digital Transmission Content Protection (DTCP), or High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection System (HDCP), and space is reserved for future designation of other protection methods. The method used is specified by the content protection type parameter in this packet. The format of the digital content protection overhead packet is shown in Figure 32. As shown in Figure 32, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length, packet type, content protection type, content protection overhead message, and CRC bit. This type of packet is commonly referred to as a Type 80 packet. 24. Transparent color enable packet The transparent color enable packet is used to specify which color in the display is transparent and decide whether to enable the transparent color function of the displayed image. The display with this function will notify this function in the display characteristic function indication bit 4 of the display function packet. When a pixel with a transparent color value is written into the bitmap, the color does not change the original value. The format of the transparent color enabled packet is shown in Figure 33. As shown in Figure 33, the structure of this type of packet includes the packet length -54- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 5772Ό8 A7 _______ Β7 5. Description of the invention (52) Degree, packet type , Transparent color enable, data format descriptor, transparent pixel value, and CRC bit. This type of packet is usually called a Type 81 packet in the byte field and uses a pre-selected fixed-length 10-byte packet. gj. Round-trip delay measurement flea white round-trip delay measurement packet is used to measure the propagation delay from the host to the client (display) and the delay from the client (display) to the host. This measurement basically includes the delays present in the line driver and receiver and interconnect subsystems. This measurement can be used to set the turnaround delay and backlink rate divisor parameters in the backlink packet, as described above. This packet is most useful when the MDDI link attempts to execute at the maximum speed for a particular application. The operation of the MDDi_Stb signal is to transmit all zero data during the following block periods: all zeros, including the guard time and measurement period. This results in switching from 5% to 5% at the data rate, so that it can be used as a cyclic clock in the display during the measurement period. The format of the round-trip delay measurement packet is shown in Figure 34. As shown in FIG. 34, the structure of the attack packet includes the packet length, packet type, parameter crc, gating arrangement all degrees, zero, guard time 1, measurement period, guard time 2, and drive re-enable field. This type of packet is often called a Type 82 packet and uses a preselected fixed-length 535 bits. The sequence of events during the round-trip delay measurement packet is shown in Figure 35. In Figure 35, the host transmits a round-trip delay measurement packet. As shown in the figure, the parameter CRC and the strobe are arranged in columns followed by all zero sum guard time blocks. A delay of 3502 occurs before the packet reaches the client display device or processing circuit. -55- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 public love) 577208 A7 __B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (53) When the display receives the packet, it transmits the Oxff, Oxff, 0x0 model Just as the display actually decides at the beginning of the measurement period. The actual time at which the display begins to transmit this sequence is, from the host's point of view, delayed from the start of the measurement period. The delay is exactly equal to the time it takes for the packet to propagate through the line driver and receiver and the interconnect subsystem. A similar amount of delay 3504 is required to propagate from the display back to the host in this model. In order to correctly determine the round-trip delay time of the signal back and forth to the client, the host calculates the number of bit times of the 0xff, Oxff, and 0x0 sequences detected after the measurement period starts and reaches when it arrives. This message is used to determine the time it takes for the roundtrip signal to return from the host to the client. Half of this time is spent incurring the delay from the one-way signal to the client. As soon as the display transmits the last bit of the Oxff, Oxff, 0x0 model, its line driver is disabled. Guard time 2 allows the display's line driver time to fully enter the high impedance state before the host transmits the packet length of the next packet. Sleep pull-up and pull-down resistors (see Figure 42) ensure that the MDDI_Data signal stays at an effective low order during the host and display deactivate the line driver.

D. Packet CRC The CRC shelving appears at the end of the packet ^ Sometimes it appears after there are some important parameters in the packet. Therefore, it increases the possibility of errors during transmission. In a packet with two CRC fields, when only one is used, the CRC generator will restart after the first CRC, so the CRC calculation immediately after the long data field will not be affected by the parameters at the beginning of the packet. Impact. -56- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (54) In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the polynomial used for CRC calculation is CRC -16, or X16 + X15 + X2 + X. . A sample implementation of the CRC generator and checker 3600 used to implement the present invention is shown in FIG. 36. In FIG. 36, the CRC register 3602 starts with a value of 0x0001, just before the input Tx_MDDI_Data_Before_CRC line Before the first bit of the packet is transmitted, the packet bytes are then transferred to a register starting with LSB. Please note that the number of register bits in this figure corresponds to the power of the polynomial used, and does not correspond to the bit position used by MDDI. It is more efficient to transfer the CRC register in one direction, and this causes CRC bit 15 to appear at bit position 0 in the MDDI CRC field, and CRC register bit 14 to appear at position 1 in the MDDI CRC field. And so on, until the MDDI bit position 14. For example, if the packet content of the display request and status packet is: 0x07, 0x46, 0x000400, 0x00 (or the following byte sequence representation: 0x07, 0x00, 0x46, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00), and use multiplexing The inputs of the processors 3604 and 3606 and the NAND gate 3608 are submitted. The CRC output generated on the Tx_MDDI_Data_With_CRC line is OxOeal (or expressed as 0xal, OxOe).

When the CRC generator and checker 3600 is configured as a CRC checker, the CRC received on the Rx_MDDI_Data line is input to the multiplexer 3604 and the NAND gate 3608, and the NOR gate 3610 and the mutually exclusive OR (XOR) gate 3612 are used. , And AND gate 3614, compare bit by bit with the value found in the CRC register. If there are any errors, such as the output of AND gate 36 14, by connecting the output of gate 3614 and the input of register 3602, CRC -57- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 _ _B7 The invention description (55) will be accumulated once for each packet containing a CRC error. It should be noted that the example circuit shown in Figure 36 can input more than one CRC error signal in the known CHECK_CRC_NOW window (see Figure 37b). Therefore, for each interval where the CRC error counter is active, only the first instance of the CRC error is counted. If configured as a CRC generator, the CRC records the time of the CRC register at the end of the packet. The timing of the input and output signals and the enable signals are shown in Figures 37a and 37b. The generation of CRC and the transmission of data packets are shown in Figure 3 7a, including Gen_Reset, Check_CRC ^ Now, Generate_CRC__Now, and

Status of the Sending_MDDIJData signal and the Tx_MDDI_Data_Before_CRC and Tx_MDDI_Data_With_CRC signals (0 or 1). The reception of the data packet and the check of the CRC value are shown in Figure 37b, including Gen_Reset, Check_CRC_Now, Generate_CRC_Now, and

Status of the Sending—MDDI—Data signal and the Rx—MDDI—Data and CRC error signals. V. Restart the connection from hibernation. When the host restarts the forward connection from hibernation, it drives MDDI_Data to a logical state of about 150 psec, then starts MDDI_Stb and drives MDDI_Data to a logical zero state of 50 psec. Then, by sending a sub message The box header packet initiates forward link traffic. Usually this can be used to provide sufficient setup time between signals to resolve bus contention issues before transmitting sub-frame header packets. When the client, here is the display, needs data or communication from the host, the client will drive the MDDI_DataO line in a logical state of about 70 -58- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) ) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (56) psec, but still use other time length as needed, and then put the line into a high impedance state to disable the driver. This action causes the host to initiate or restart data traffic on the forward link (208) and poll the status of the client. The host must detect the presence of the required pulse within 50 psec, and then start the MDDI_DataO start sequence at logic one 150 psec and logic zero 50 psec. If the display detects that MDDI_DataO is in a logic-one state for more than 50 psec, the display will never send a service request pulse. The characteristics of the length and tolerance of the time interval related to the hibernation process and the start sequence will be discussed in detail below. A typical service request event without contention problem is an example of the processing steps of event 3800, as shown in Figure 38, where each event is labeled with the letters A, B, C, D, E, F, and G for convenience of explanation. When the host sends a connection close packet to the client device, notifying it that the connection will transition to a low-power sleep state, the process starts at point A. In the next step, the host enters a low-power sleep state by disabling the MDDI_DataO driver and setting the MDDI_Stb driver to logic zero, as shown in point B. With a high impedance bias network, MDDI_DataO is driven to zero. After a period of time, by driving MDDI_DataO as logic one, the client sends a service request pulse to the host, as shown at point C. The host still uses a high-impedance bias network to declare zero, but the driver in the client forces the line to a logic one. Within 50 psec, the host discovers the service request pulse and declares MDDI_DataO as logic one by enabling its driver, as shown by point D. Then the client no longer tried to announce the service request pulse, and the client placed its driver in a high-impedance state -59- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 ---- ------ B7 V. Description of the invention (57) State 'as shown at point E. The host drive, MDDi-DataO is at logic zero 50 ksec, as shown by point F, and starts to generate MDDI-Stb in a logic zero manner consistent with mddi-DataO '. After declaring MDDI_DataO as zero and driving MDDI_Stb 50 pSec, the host starts transmitting data on the forward link by transmitting the sub-frame header packet, as shown by point G. A similar example is shown in Figure 39, in which a service request is announced after the link restart is started, and the events are also marked with the letters a, b, c, D, E, F, and G. This example represents the worst case scenario where a request pulse from the client is about to destroy the sub-frame header packet. When the host sends a link-close packet to the client device again, notifying it that the link will transition to a low-power sleep state, the process starts at point A. In the next step, the host enters a low-power sleep state by deactivating the MDDI_DataO driver and setting the MDDI_Stb driver to logic zero, as shown in point B. As before, MDDI-DataO is driven to zero with a high impedance bias network. After a period of time ', by driving MDDI-DataO for logic-150 psec, the host starts the connection restart sequence, as shown in point C. 50 psec after the link restart sequence starts the display, MDDI_DataO duration 70 psec is also declared as shown at point D. The reason for the problem was that the monitor required service from the host and it was not found that the host had started the connection restart sequence. The client then no longer attempts to declare a service request pulse, and the client puts its driver in a high impedance state, as shown by point E. The host continues to drive MDDI-DataO as logic one. The host drives MDDI_Data0 at logic zero 50 psec, as shown by point F, and starts to generate MDDI_Stb in a logic zero manner consistent with MDDI_Data0. Declared that MDDI_Data0 is -60- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)

577208 A7 B7 ____; 5. Description of the invention (58) After the MDDI-Stb 50 psec is driven by zero and parallel, the host starts transmitting data on the forward link by transmitting the sub-frame header packet, as shown by point G. VI. Interface Electronic Specifications In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, data having a "#Return to Zero" (Non-Return_to-Zero, NRZ) format is encoded using a data strobe signal or a DATA-STB format to allow clocks Information is embedded in data and strobe signals. No complicated phase-locked loop circuit is needed to restore the clock. The data is carried by a bi-directional differential connection, typically implemented with a cable, but other conductors, printed circuits, or transmission elements can also be used, as described earlier. The STB is carried by a unidirectional link, which is driven only by the host. Whenever there is a back-to-back state, 0 or 1, maintained on the same data line or signal, the strobe signal will switch value (0 or 1). For example, an example of how the data sequence of image bit " m0001011 " is transmitted using the data_STB encoding method. As shown in the figure, the DATA signal 4002 is located at the top of the signal timing diagram. Figure 40

K number 4004 is the second line, and each timing is the same as STB as needed). After a period of time, when the DATA and line 4 ^ (the starting point phase changes, the STB line surface (signal) will maintain the previous ^ state of a DATA signal, and the first ST "thus, the / u. The "π" karma (eight-point value) of the 15th is related. However, if or when the data ## ~ level has not changed, in this example, the STB signal will switch to = state f, etc. "1", as shown in Figure 40 In the case of DATA, DATA will provide another „1 ,,, and sadness. It says that there will always be ^ ^ conversion every bit period between DATA * STB. Therefore, the STB signal is converted again, this time and only Tin data signal -61-

577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (59) When it is maintained at "1", the STB becomes "0", and when the DATA signal level becomes ,, 0 ,, the STB remains at this level or value. When the DATA signal remains at ",", the STB signal switches to a relative state or "丨" in this example, and so on. When the DATA signal changes or maintains the level or value, the principle is the same. When receiving these signals It will perform exclusive OR (XOR) operation on the DATA and STB signals to generate a clock signal 4006, as shown at the bottom of the timing diagram, to compare data and strobe signals. To generate DATA and STB for input data on the host An example of a circuit that outputs or signals, and then recovers or retrieves DATA and STB signal data at the client, as shown in Figure 41. In Figure 41, the transmission part 4100 is used to generate and transmit the original DATA through the intermediate signal path 4102. And STB signals, the receiving part 4120 is used to receive signals and restore data. As shown in Figure 41, in order to send data from the host to the client, the DATA signal and the clock signal are input to two D-type positive and negative circuit elements 4104 And 4106 to drive the circuit. Then two positive and negative circuit outputs (Q), using two differential line drivers 4108 and 4110 (voltage mode), are divided into differential signal groups MDDI_DataO +, MDDI_DataO- and MDDI-Stb +, MDDI-Stb-. The three-input mutex-NOR (XNOR) gate, circuit, or logic element 4112 is connected to receive the DATA and input of the flip-flop, and generate an output to provide the data input to the first Two flip-flops, which in turn generate the MDDI_Stb + and MDDI_Stb- signals. For convenience, an inversion bubble is placed in the XNOR gate to indicate the effective inversion to generate the gated forwarder Q output. In the receiving part 4120 of FIG. 41 , MDDI_DataO +, MDDI_DataO-, MDDI_Stb +, and MDDI_Stb-signals are composed of two -62- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 577208 5. Description of the invention (A7 B7

Received by differential line receivers 4122 and 4124, which can produce a single output of a differential signal. The output of the amplifier is then input to the mutually exclusive -OR (XOR) gate, circuit, or logic element 4126 of the two input terminals that generate the clock signal. This clock signal is used to drive the two D-type positive and negative circuits 4128 and 4130 that receive the delayed DATA signal. Through the delay element 4132, one (4128) generates the data "0" value and the other (4130) generates the data. , Value. This clock also has a different output than the XOR logic. Since the clock information is distributed between the DATA and STB lines, no signal between states transitions faster than half the clock rate. Since the clock system uses the mutually exclusive -OR processing of the DATA and STB signals for regeneration, the amount of skew that the system can effectively tolerate between the input data and the clock is twice that of the clock signal transmitted directly through a single dedicated data line. " The MDDI_Data +, MDDI_Data-, MDDI_Stb +, and MDDI_Stb- signals all operate in a differential mode to improve the ability to avoid negative effects of noise. The source of any part of the differential signal path uses only half the impedance of the signal cable or conductor. The source of MDDI_Data + and MDDI_Data- are located on both the host and the client. Since only one of the two drives is active at a given time, there must be a source on the transmission link. MDDI_Stb + and MDDI_Stb—The signals will only be driven by the host. Drivers, receivers, and terminals used to implement signal transmission are examples of component configuration as part of the MDD interface of the present invention, as shown in Figure 42, and the corresponding DC electronic specifications of MDDI_Data and MDDI_Stb are shown in Table VII. This example interface uses low-voltage sensing, here 200 mV, with -63- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm)

; * Yan Ding

577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (61) Power change below 1 volt and low power loss. Table VII Parameter description Minimum type Maximum unit Rterm Sequence terminal 41.3 42.2 43.0 Ohm- ^ hibernate Hibernate bias terminal 8 10 12 kohm V hibernate Hibernate open-circuit voltage 1.5 3.3 V ^ output-Range Permissible driver relative to GND Output voltage range 0 2.8 VV〇D + driver differential output high voltage 0.8 VV〇D- driver differential output low voltage -0.8 V VIT + receiver differential input high threshold voltage 100 mV Vit- receiver differential input low threshold voltage -100 mV ^ Input-Range Allowable receiver input voltage range relative to GND 0 2.8 V Iin Input leakage current (except sleep bias) -25 25 μΑ Electrical parameters and characteristics of differential line driver and line receiver, as shown in the table

Install sound Ding VIII. Functionally, the driver passes the input logic level directly to the positive output and the opposite of the input to the negative output. The delay from input to output is well matched to the differential lines of different driving methods. In most implementations, the change in output voltage is less than the change in input to reduce power consumption and electromagnetic emissions. Table VIII represents a minimum voltage change of about 0.8 V. However, other values may be used, which are well known to experts in the industry, and the inventors consider smaller values of 0.5 or 0.6V in some specific embodiments based on design constraints. Differential line receivers have the same characteristics as high-rate voltage comparators. In FIG. 41, the input without bubbles is a positive input, and the input with bubbles is a negative input. -64- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

竦 577208 A7 _B7 _._ 5. Description of the invention (62) If (Vinput +)-(Vinput ·) is greater than zero, the output is a logic output. Another method of explanation is a differential amplifier, which has a very large (in fact infinitely large) rate and limits the output level at logic 0 and 1 volts. Delay deviations between different pairs should be reduced in order to operate the differential transmission system at the highest possible speed. In FIG. 42, the host controller 4202 and the client or display controller 4204 transmit packets over the communication link 4206. The host controller uses three consecutive drivers 4210, 4212, and 42 14 to receive the host DATA and STB signals to be transmitted, and provides the client-side data signals to be transmitted. The driver responsible for the host's DATA channel only uses the enable signal input to allow the communication link to start when transmitting from the host to the client. Since the STB signal is part of the data transfer, the driver (4212) does not need to use an additional enable signal. The outputs of each DATA and STB driver are connected to termination impedances or resistors 42 16a, 4216b, 4216c, and 4216d, respectively. Termination resistors 4216a and 4216b will also act as resistors on the input of the user receiver 4220 to process STB signals, while additional termination resistors 4216e and 4216f are on the input of the user data processing receiver 4222, and resistors 4216c and 4216d Tandem. The sixth driver 4226 on the client controller is used to prepare the data signal transmitted from the client to the host. The driver 4214 processes the data transmitted to the host through the terminating resistors 4216c and 4216d on the input. There are two additional resistors 42 1 8a and 42 1 8b located between the terminating resistor and the ground and voltage source 4220, respectively, for the sleep control discussed elsewhere. The voltage source is used to drive the transmission line to the high or low position previously discussed -65- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 _B7__ V. Description of the invention (63) Data flow. These drivers and resistors can be combined into individual components or part of a specific function integrated circuit (ASIC) as a more cost-effective encoder or decoder solution. It can be easily understood that the power is transmitted from the host device to the client device or the display using the MDDI_Pwr and MDDL_Gnd signals on a group of conductors. The MDDI_Gnd portion of the signal is used as the reference ground and power return path or signal for the display device. The MDDI_Pwr signal is used as the power source of the display device driven by the host device. In the example configuration, for low power applications, the display can be pulled up to 500 mA. The MDDI_Pwr signal can be provided by a portable power source, including, but not limited to, a lithium battery or battery pack in the host device, with a voltage relative to 1 ^ 001_〇11 (1 is 3.2 to 4.3 volts. VIII. Timing characteristics A · Overview for client To protect the services from the host, as well as the steps and signal levels at which the host provides such services, as shown in Figure 43. In Figure 43, the first part of the signal shows that the connection sent from the host and the data line closes the packet, Driven to a logic-zero state by a high-impedance bias circuit. The client display, or host, does not transmit any data, which disables its driver. During the link-closed packet, it can be started when MDDI_Stb becomes active. Below you see the continuous strobe pulse of the MDDI_Stb signal. Once this packet ends and the logic level changes to zero when the host drives the bias circuit and logic is zero, the MDDI_Stb signal line also changes to the zero level. This represents The last signal transmission or service termination from the host can be used in the past -66- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (64) When does it occur and includes the stop of the previous service and the signal status before the start of the service? If necessary, you can send, for example, a signal to reset the communication link to an appropriate state And it is not necessary to know the communication that this host device has previously performed. As shown in Figure 43, the signal output from the client is initially set to a logic zero level. In other words, the client output is at high impedance and the driver is disabled When a service is requested, the client enables its driver and sends a service request to the host. This takes a period of time, indicated by ts_, during which the line is driven to a logical level. Before the host detects the request, it passes A period of time may take some time, called th (mdetect). After this period, the host uses the driving signal as a logic level to link back and forth to f. At this time, the client cancels the announcement request and stops. The driver is requested by the service, so that the output line of the user side returns to the zero logic level again. During this period, the MDDI-Stb signal is at the logic level. The zero level. The host drives the host data output to ”,”, during the trestart-high period. After that, the host drives the logic level to zero, and starts the MDDI-Stb during the tre- period. Beginning with the frame header packet, and then transmitting the forward traffic packet and the subsequent frame header packet, the MDDI_Stb signal is active. Table VIII shows the representative time lengths of the different periods discussed above, and the minimum sum of examples. The relationship of the maximum data rate, where: tbit = ----

Link Data Rate .Installation--Sale -67- 577208 A7 B7

V. Description of the invention (65)

Table VIII Parameter _ Description Minimum type Maximum value tservice Display II Service request pulse duration 60 70 80 \ iSQQ trestart-high Host connection restart high pulse duration 140 150 160 Hsec ^ restart-low Duration of the low pulse 40 50 60 psec tdisplay-detect Time to display the connection restart sequence ------ 4 1 50 psec thost-detect Time to request a pulse from the host detection service ------ 1 50 μscc perf Link data rate for low-performance devices 0.001 1 Mbps 1 / tbit-max- perf Maximum device link data rate range 0.001 450 Mbps Reverse link data rate 0.0005 50 Mbps tbit One-way link data bit period 2.2 106 nesc Experts in this industry will understand that the individual component functions shown in Figures 41 and 42 are well known, and the component functions in Figure 42 are confirmed by the timing diagram in Figure 43. The details of the series terminal and the sleep resistor shown in Fig. 42 are omitted in Fig. 41 'because this information is not needed in describing how to perform the data-gating encoding and restore the clock from this encoding state. B. Data-gating timing forward link The transfer characteristics of the data transmitted from the host drive output on the forward link are shown in Table IX. Table IX presents the desired minimum and maximum values in tabular form with typical times when certain signal transitions occur. For example, the typical length of time when the data value ("0 " or" 1 "output) is converted from the beginning to the end, -68-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (66) The DataO to DataO conversion period represented by ttdd_ (hc) St-output) is ttbit, and the minimum time is about ttbit-0.5 nsec, and the maximum time is about ttbit +0.5 nsec. On DataO , The relative distance between other data lines (DataX), and strobe lines (Stb), as shown in Figure 44, which shows the DataO pair strobe, strobe pair strobe, strobe pair DataO, DataO The conversion of non-DataO, non-DataO to non-DataO, non-DataO to gating, and gating to non-DataO are expressed in the following ways: ttds_ (h (5st_tput) ttss- (host-output), ttsd- (host-output) ), Ttddx- (host-output), ttdxdx- (host-output), ttcjxs. (H〇st-output), and ttsdx- (host-output).

Table IX Parameter description Minimum type Maximum unit ttdd- (host-output) DataO to DataO conversion ttbit-0.5 ttb t ttbit + 0.5 nsec ttds- (host-output) DataO to strobe conversion ttbit-0.8 ttb t ttbit + 〇.8 nsec ttss- (host-output) strobe-to-strobe conversion ttbir0.5.ttb t ttbit + 〇.5 nsec ttsd- (host-output) strobe-to-DataO conversion ttbit-08 ttb t ttbit + 〇.8 nsec ttddx- (host-output) DataO to non-DataO conversion ttbit-0? ttb t ttbit + 〇.? nsec ttdxdx- (host-output) Non-DataO to non-DataO conversion ttb t nsec ttdxs- (host-output) Non-DataO pair Gating conversion ttbir〇? Ttb t ttbit + 〇 ·? Nsec ttsdx- (host-output) Gating to non-DataO conversion ttbifO? Ttb t ttbit + 〇 ·? Nsec Client receiver when the same signal is transmitting data on the forward link The typical MDDI timing requirements for the inputs are shown in Table X. Since the same signals have been discussed (but time-delayed), no new charts are needed to illustrate the signal characteristics or the meaning of the individual headings, which experts in the industry can still understand. -69- This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (21 × 297mm) 577208 A7 B7

Table X Parameter description Minimum type Maximum unit ttdd- (display-input) DataO to DataO conversion ttbirl.O ttbit nsec ttds- (display-input) DataO to strobe conversion ttbifl-5 ttbit ttbit + 1.5 nsec ttss- (display -input) strobe to strobe conversion ttbirl.O ttbit ttbit + 1.0 nsec ttsd- (display-input) strobe to DataO conversion ttbit 1 · 5 ttbit ttbit + 1.5 nsec ttddx- (host-output) DataO to non-DataO Conversion ttbifO.? Ttbit ttbit + 〇.? Nsec ttdxdx- (host-output) Non-DataO to non-DataO conversion ttbit nsec ttdxs- (host-output) Non-DataO to strobe conversion ttbir〇 ·? Ttbit ttbit + 〇 ·? Nsec ttsdx- {host-output) Gating to non-DataO conversion ttbifO? ttbit ttbit + 0.? nsec V. Description of the invention (67) Figures 45 and 46 illustrate the possible response delay when the host deactivates or enables the host driver. If the host forwards some packets, such as reverse link encapsulation packets or round-trip delay measurement packets, after forwarding the required packets (such as the parameter CRC, gating arrangement, and all zero packets shown in Figure 45), the host will disable Line driver. However, as shown in Figure 45, the line status does not need to be immediately changed from "〇, 'to the desired higher value. Although the above results can be achieved by some control or circuit elements, in fact, only a period of" host Drive deactivation delay "time. In fact, this can happen immediately, it only takes 0 billionths of a second (nsec.), More likely it is 10 nsec. If you want the maximum time, it should be during guard time 1 or turn to 1 packet. occur. See Figure 46. You can see that the signal level changes when the host driver is enabled to transmit packets such as reverse link package packets or round-trip delay measurement packets. Here, at guard time 2 or turn? After the enveloping period, the host driver is enabled and starts to drive. Here is "0". This value can be approached or reached after a period of host driver activation delay. This result will be transmitted at -70- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (68) A driver before a package occurs during re-enablement. A similar process will occur for the driver, and the client device (here the display) Similar signal transmission will occur. The typical length of this period and its relationship to each other are shown in Table XI.

Table XI shows the minimum and maximum units. Host driver deactivation delay 0 10 nsec Host driver deactivation delay 0 2.0 nsec Display driver deactivation delay 0 10 nsec Display driver deactivation delay 0 2.0 nsec C · Data-gating timing reverse link data and The strobe signal is used to reverse the transfer characteristics and timing relationship of the data transmitted from the client driver output in the reverse connection, as shown in Figures 47 and 48. Typical times for some signal transitions are discussed below. Figure 47 illustrates the relationship between the timing of the transmitted data and the leading and trailing edges of the strobe pulse at the host receiver input. That is, the set time of the rising or leading edge of the strobe signal is labeled as tsu-sr, and the trailing or falling edge of the strobe signal is labeled as tsu_sf. The standard length of these set periods is 8 billionths of a second. Figure 48 illustrates the transition characteristics developed by the reverse data timing and the output delay to the application client. In Figure 48, you can see the relationship between the timing of the transmitted data and the leading and trailing edges of the strobe pulse due to the induced delay. That is, the propagation delay between the rising or leading edge of the strobe signal and the data is labeled tpd-sr, and the propagation delay between the data and the trailing or falling edge of the strobe signal is labeled tpd_sf. The standard length of these propagation delay periods is 8 billion minutes -71-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm).

Line 577208 A7 _B7 _._ V. Description of the invention (69) One second. VIII. Implementation of link control (link controller operation) A. State machine packet processor The packet distribution speed transmitted on the MDDI link is quite fast, usually 300 Mbps or more, but it can still use a lower speed if necessary. This type of bus or transmission link is too fast to be controlled by general microprocessors or similar products for current commercial use (in terms of economic efficiency). Therefore, the practical way to accomplish this type of signal transmission is to use a programmable state machine to analyze the input packet stream to generate a transmittable packet or redirect the packet to the desired appropriate audiovisual subsystem. General-purpose controllers, processors, or processing elements can be used more appropriately, or to manipulate slower information, such as control or status packets. When these packets are received (control, status, or other predefined packets), the state machine sends them to the general-purpose processor through a buffer or similar processing element, so that the packet can provide the desired result (effect ) And send both audio and video packets to the appropriate destination. The general-purpose processor function may be implemented using processing power in some specific embodiments, or using a microprocessor (CPU), or a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or a wireless signal present in a computer application device. With excessive loops of ASICs found in the device, some modems or graphics processors use the processing power of the CPU in the computer in a fairly similar way to perform functions and reduce hardware complexity and cost. However, this has a negative impact on the processing speed, timing, or overall operation of such components, so in many applications, dedicated circuits or components, it is more desirable to use a general processing approach. -72- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (70) In order to be able to view the image data on the display (micro display) or to receive it reliably For all packets transmitted to the host, the display signal processing must be synchronized with the forward link channel timing. That is to say, the signals arriving at the display and the display circuit must be synchronized in time for correct signal processing. A high-order state diagram that can be achieved by a signal processing step or a method of achieving this type of synchronization is shown in the diagram of Figure 49. In FIG. 49, the possible forward link synchronization "states" of the state machine 4900 shown are distinguished into one asynchronous frame state 4904, two acquired synchronized states 4902 and 4906, and three synchronized states 4908, 4910, and 4912 ° As shown in the start step or status 4902, the display starts with a pre-selected "No Sync" status and searches for the unique word in the first sub-frame header packet detected. It should be noted that this "no synchronization" status indicates the most basic communication setting or the "back" setting of the Type I interface has been selected. If a unique word is found during the search, the display saves the subframe length field. The CRC bit is not checked when processing this first frame, or it is not checked until synchronization is achieved. If the length of this sub-frame is zero, the synchronization state processing will continue to the "asynchronous frame" state marked here as state 4904 according to this method, which indicates that synchronization has not yet been reached. In Figure 49, this processing step is marked as encountering cond 3 or condition 3. Otherwise, if the frame length is greater than zero, the synchronization state processing will continue to state 4906, where the interface state is set to "find a synchronous frame". In Figure 49, this processing step is marked as encountering cond 5 or condition 5. In addition, if the state machine sees the frame header packet and decides that it has a good CRC because the frame length is greater than zero, processing continues to the state of "Finding a Sync Frame". In Figure 49, this is marked as cond 6 or condition -73- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (71) 6 In one case, If the system is in a state other than "No sync", when a unique word is detected and the sub-frame header packet is determined to be a good cRC: Result, and the length of the sub-frame is greater than zero, the interface state changes to the "Syncing" state 4908. In FIG. 49, this processing step is marked as encountering cond 1 or condition i. On the other hand, if the CRC in the quasi-word or the sub-frame header packet is not correct, the synchronization status processing will continue or return to the interface state 49G2 with no synchronization frame status. In the state diagram of Figure 49, this processing section is marked as encountering cond 2 or condition 2. B. Synchronization time This interface can be configured to accept some number of "Synchronization Errors" before deciding that synchronization is lost and returning to the "No Synchronization Frame" status. In FIG. 49, once the state machine has reached the " synchronizing state " 'and cannot find any errors, it continues to encounter the result of cond i, and maintains it in the " synchronizing " state. However, once the md 2 result is detected, the processing will change the status to " a synchronization error, on the status side. At this point, if processing causes the _to another-results state machine to return to the " synchronization " state, otherwise, it encounters another cond 2. As a result, Asia moves to "two synchronization errors".状 缘 4912. Again-and-forth 'if cond i occurs, the processing will return the state machine to the " synchronous factory state. Otherwise, it will encounter another c0nd 2, and the processing will return the state machine to the state of "unsynchronized". It is also very clear that σ • Θ is not 疋, if it encounters "connection close packet", it will cause the connection to terminate the data Send the parallel, as if there are no objects that can be synchronized—like, ^ = Synchronization frame " State 4, as shown in the state diagram of Figure 49, encountered on the 4th, or -74-

577208 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the Invention (72) I understand that the unique word may have a duplicate "fake copy" which can appear in some fixed positions within the sub-frame ^ In this case, the status The machine will be extremely unlikely to synchronize with the sub frame, because the CRC processing on the sub frame header packet must also be valid, and the MDD interface processing can continue to the "sync," state. In the sub frame header packet, The sub-frame length can be set to zero to indicate that the host can only send one sub-frame before the connection is closed, and the MDD interface is or configured to be idle and dormant. In this example, the monitor detects the sub-frame label After the first packet ... it will immediately receive the packet on the forward link 'because only one sub-frame was transmitted before the link became idle. In normal or typical operations, the sub-frame length is non-zero and the display only processes Packets are forwardly connected, and the interfaces in these states are shown as " Synchronizing "in FIG. 49 as a whole. The time required for the display to synchronize with the forward link signal will vary with the sub-frame size = forward link data rate. When the sub-frame is large, it is more likely that the fake fake copy " is detected as random or more random data in the forward link. At the same time, the ability to recover from false detection is low, and the data rate in the forward link is slow, so it takes a long time to make #. C · Initialization 2 described earlier in the "start", the host configures the forward link to operate at a base data rate of i = Mbps or lower than the base, and based on the known = use, group State sub frame length and media frame rate. That is, forward. Backlinks use the Type-i interface to get started. Decide user on host -75-

577208 A7 _B7 _._ V. Description of the Invention (73) Before the function of the terminal display or the required configuration, usually these parameters are for temporary use only. The host sends or transmits a sub-frame header packet through a forward link, and then a reverse link encapsulation packet, which sets the request flag to a value of one (1) to request the display to respond to the "display function packet" . Once the display is synchronized on (or in conjunction with) the forward link, the display function packets and display request and status packets are transmitted via the reverse link or channel. The host checks the contents of the display's function packet to determine how to reconfigure the best or required performance. The host checks the protocol version and minimum protocol version fields to confirm that the host and the monitor use their compatible protocol versions. The protocol version remains the first two parameters of the display function packet, so compatibility can be determined even if other items of the protocol may be incompatible or deemed incomplete. D. CRC Processing For all packet types, the packet processor state machine ensures that the CRC checker is properly and properly controlled. When more than one error is detected due to the CRC comparison, it also accumulates the CRC error counter and resets the CRC counter at the beginning of each sub-frame processing. IX. Packet Processing For the above mentioned packets received by the state machine, the packet will take a specific processing step or a series of steps to implement the interface operation. Forward link packets are usually processed according to the example process listed in Table XII below.

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Table XII confirms the good packet, takes the green sub-frame length, bits, and sends the packet parameters to the general-purpose processor. Filler 〇〇 series image stream 效-stream effect (AS) ignore the data _ Su Yiying Department of tribute format description of his parameters, if necessary, unpack g, install the pixel data, use color for correspondence as needed Translate the pixels and write the pixel data into the bitmap.

Send the sound effect sampling rate to the sound effect sample clock generator to separate sound effect samples of a certain size, unpack the sound effect sample data when necessary, and select the sound effect path to the correct sound effect too. FTFO Keyboard (K) indicator The device (PD) reads the color correspondence number and writes the color correspondence data into the color correspondence memory or storage location "packed at the appropriate time. Check the backlink flag and send the display function as needed. Packets are transmitted when appropriate. Request and status packets. When requested by the host, use the reverse link flag field of the reverse Giffen package to send this type of packet. If there is a faulty device and it is used, the packet is sent back and forth to the keyboard device. If there is an indicator device and it needs to be used, the general-purpose processor will send the packet back and forth to the general-purpose processor that communicates with the indicator device. 0 Record the fact that the connection is closed, and notify the general-use-77- $ Zhang Standards General Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (⑽χ 297 公 董) ----------- A7 --- type processor. ~ '一 ·' Ode Service Request and Status (DSRS) sends this packet as the first packet of the reverse link encapsulation packet. Bit Block Transfer (BPT) Unpack #packet parameters, such as image data format descriptors, decide which images to move first Pixels, and move the pixels in the bitmap as necessary. 0 Dot fill in the bitmap area (BAF) to interpret the packet parameters, translate the pixels if necessary, and write the pixel data to the correct bitmap. Position. 'Dot matrix pattern fill (BPF) Solution #Package parameters, unencapsulate the pixel data as needed, translate the pixels using color mapping as needed, and write the graph data to the bitmap The correct position. The communication link channel (CLC) directly transmits this data to the general-purpose processor. Display service request (DSR) during sleep The general-purpose processor controls the low-level functions of the transmission request and detects automatic restart Contention for connection. Interface Type Handover Request (ITHR) and Interface Type Confirmation (ΙΤΑΙ can pass these packets back and forth to the general purpose processor. The logic to receive this type of packet and make a confirmation response is It is also based on the international foundation. Therefore, this job can also be implemented in the packet processor state machine. ° The resulting transfer occurs as a low-level substantial layer action, and it is impossible to affect the function or role of the general-purpose processor. ° Execution Handover (PTT) can directly send this kind of packet to the general-purpose processor in this kind of function, and can also control the hardware to change the mode. Χ · Reduce the backlink data rate

The inventor of the present invention has observed that certain parameters for the host-connected controller can be adjusted or configured in some way in order to achieve the largest or more optimal -78- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (76) The reverse link data rate (degree), which is a quite necessary function. For example, during the reverse data packet field used to transmit the reverse link encapsulated packet, the MDDI_Stb signal pair is switched to create a cyclic data clock with only half the forward link data rate. The reason for this result is that the MDDI_Stb signal generated by the host-linked controller is equivalent to the MDDI_DataO signal, as if all it transmitted was zero. The MDDI_Stb signal is transferred from the host to the display, which is used to generate a clock signal that transmits the reverse connection data from the display, and thereby returns the reverse data to the host. The number of delays typically encountered by systems implementing MDDI when transmitting and processing signals on the forward and reverse paths is shown in Figure 50. In Fig. 50, a series of delay values of 1.5 nsec., 8.0 nsec., 2.5 nsec., 2.0 nsec ·, 1.0 nsec ·, 1.5 nsec., 8.0 nsec., And 2.5 nsec · are displayed in the vicinity of the processing area for Stb + /-Generation, cable transmission-to-display, display receiver, clock generation, signal clock, DataO + Λ generation, cable transmission-to-host, and host receiver stages. Depending on the forward link data rate and signal processing delay encountered, the MDDI_Stb signal may take more than one cycle to achieve this "round-trip" effect or complete the event set, which will waste unnecessary time or cycles. To avoid this problem, the reverse rate divisor can multi-cycle the MDDI_Stb signal on the reverse link in one-bit time. This means that the reverse link data rate will be lower than the forward link rate. It should be noted that the actual signal delay length using this interface will vary depending on the particular host-client system or hardware used. By using the round-trip delay measurement packet to measure the actual delay in the system, each system can pass -79- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) binding

577208 A7 B7 ___V. Invention Description (77) often performs better, so that the reverse rate divisor can be set to the optimal value. The round-trip delay is measured by the host sending round-trip delay measurement packets to the display. The display responds to this packet by sending the packet sequence back to the host within or during a pre-selected measurement window in the measurement period field. The detailed timing of this measurement has been explained previously. The round-trip delay is used to determine the rate at which reverse link data can be safely sampled. The round-trip delay measurement includes determining, detecting, or calculating forward link data that occurs between the beginning of the measurement period field and the beginning of the time period when the Oxff, Oxff, 0x00 response sequence is returned from the display to the host Number of pulse intervals. It should be noted that the response received from the display before the measurement counts are accumulated may be a small part of the clock cycle of the forward link. If this unmodified value is used to calculate the reverse rate divisor, it will cause a bit error in the reverse link because of unreliable data sampling. An example of this situation is shown in Figure 51, where the signals representing the host MDDI_Data, the host MDDI_Stb, the clock of the forward link data in the host, and the delay count are all plotted as graphs. In Figure 51, before the delay count is increased from 6 to 7, the response sequence received from the display is part of the clock cycle of the forward link. If the delay is assumed to be 6, the host must sample the reverse data after or possibly during bit conversion. This may cause incorrect sampling of the host. For this reason, the measured delay must be incremented by one after it is used to divide by the reverse rate divisor. The reverse rate divisor is the number of MDDI_Stb cycles that the host should wait before sampling reverse link data. Since the rate of the MDDI_Stb cycle is half of the forward connection rate, the round-trip delay measurement after correction needs to be divided by 2 and then four -80-

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Thread This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (78) Rounded to the next whole number The relationship is expressed as follows:

(round — trip — delay + V

reverse_rate_divisor = RoundUpToNextlnteger \ 2 J For this example, the result: f \ 6 + 1 reverse_rate_divisor = RoiindUpToNextlnteger, ^ = 4 If the round-trip delay measurement used in this example is 7 instead of 6, the reverse rate divisor is also equal to 4 . The host samples the reverse link data on the rising edge of the reverse link clock. Both the host and client (display) have counters or similar known circuits or devices to generate the reverse link clock. The counter is initialized so that the first rising edge of the reverse link clock appears at the first bit in the reverse link packet field of the reverse link packet. Examples are provided below, as shown in Figure 52. The counter accumulates at each rising edge of the MDDI_Stb signal, and the reverse rate divisor parameter in the reverse link package packet is set to count until all bits are covered. Since the MDDI_Stb signal is switched at half the forward connection rate, the reverse connection rate is half the forward connection rate divided by the reverse rate divisor: For example, if the forward connection rate is 200

Mbps and the reverse rate divisor is 4, the reverse link data rate is as follows: 1 200Mbps 2 · 4 = 25Mbps An example showing the timing of the MDDI_DataO and MDDI_Stb signal lines in the reverse link package is shown in Figure 52, where The packet parameters to be explained have the following values: -81-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (79) Turn 1 length = 1 Turn 2 length = 1 Reverse rate divisor = 2 All zeros are 0x00 Packet length = 1024 (with 〇〇〇〇〇) Packet type = 65 (0x41) Reverse connection flag = 〇 Parameter CRC = Oxdb43 Gating row, J is 0x00 , 0x00, 0x60 The packet data between the packet length and the parameter CRC block are: 0x00, 0x04, 0x41, 0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x〇1, 0x43, Oxdb, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, ... From The first reverse link packet returned by the display is the display request and status packet. The packet length is 7 and the packet type is 70. This packet starts with the byte values 0x07, 0x00, 0x46, and so on. However, only the first byte (0x07) is shown in Figure 52. The time variation of the first reverse link packet in this figure is about one reverse link clock period, which is used to explain the actual reverse link delay. Ideally, the waveform from the host to the display with zero round-trip delay is shown in dotted lines. The MS byte in the parameter C R C field is transmitted immediately after the gated byte, and then all zero stops are transmitted. When the data from the host changes to a wider pulse level, the strobe from the host will change from one to zero and back to one. When the data is zero, the gating is switched at a higher speed, and only the data on the data line are expected to change, which will cause the end of the array stop to change. Since the data signal during the extended period has a fixed level of 0 or 丨 and the transition falls on the pulse pattern (edge), the gating is switched at a higher speed in other parts of the graph.菖 When the clock starts to carry reverse link packets, the host's reverse link clock remains at zero until the end of turn 1. The arrow in the lower part of the figure indicates when the data will be sampled, which will be apparent from the rest of the description of this patent specification. -82- In the application of this paper, S Β shall prevail (CNS) μ size (Ka X297 public love)-577208 Fifth, the invention description (see 80. The first byte of the transmitted packet field (here 110000)) Ding starts from turning to 1 'and starting from the deactivation of the host drive, the line The levels remain stable. The first bit, here is the channel delay of bit three, is not shown in the dashed line of the data signal. Β In Figure 53, you can see the reverse rate based on the forward link data rate Representative value of the divisor. The actual reverse rate divisor is determined as the result of the round-trip connection measurement. ^ Ensure proper reverse connection operation. The first zone 5302 is equivalent to the safe operation range. The first zone 5304 is equivalent to the edge performance. Range, while the third zone 5 3 06 indicates settings that do not work correctly. When operating with any interface type setting on the forward or reverse link, the round-trip delay measurement is the same as the reverse rate divisor setting, because the forward or Backlinks Units are used to represent or operate, rather than to be transmitted or received in bits. XI · Turn and Guard Time Orderer 2 As previously discussed, the turn niches and The guard time in the round-trip delay measurement packet is set to specify the length of time that the host interface driver is allowed to be deactivated before the display interface driver is enabled. Turn to the 2 and __ 2 columns to allow the display to be deactivated before the host driver is enabled Drive time value. Guard time i and guard time 2 fields are usually filled with pre-set or pre-selected length values that will not be adjusted intentionally. According to the interface hardware used, these values will be developed through empirical data and follow Some examples are adjusted to improve the operation. Master-Some factors that assist in determining the length of turn 1 are the forward link data rate and the maximum MDDI_Data drive deactivation time in the machine. The maximum host drive -83-This paper size applies Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 public love) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (81) The deactivation time is shown in Table XI, which shows that the deactivation of the drive requires The maximum time of 10 nsec, and enable disable Approximately 2 nsec pulse number as the desired maximum host driver when the relationship shown in the forward link:

ForwardLinkDataRate

Clocks_to_disableTAi = Inte ^ ceTyPeFactorFWD .HostDriverDisableDelaymax According to the relationship, the range of values allowed to turn 1 is:

Tum_Around_l > RoundUpT oNextlnteger r Clocks to disableTAI λ —- = ~ = -— · InterfaceTypeFactorp ^

\ 8 J interface type factor is 1 for Type-I, 2 for Type-II, 4 for Type-III, and 8 for Type-IV. Combining the above two equations, it can be seen that the interface type factor term is eliminated, and turn to 1 is defined as:

Turn_Around-1 = RoundUpToNextInteger ^ ForwardLinkDataRate.HostDriverDisableDelaym ^ y, 8 j For example, a 1500 Mbps Type-Ill forward connection can use the following turn 1 delay: ^ 1500Mbps. 1 On sec ^

Turn — Around-l = RoundUpToNextlnteger, ^ / = 2 bytes. As the round-trip delay increases, the timing edge improves from the point when the host is deactivated to the point when the display is enabled. The factors used to determine the length of turn 2 are generally the forward link data rate, the maximum inactivity time of the MDDI_Data driver in the display, and the round trip delay of the communication link. The time required to deactivate the display driver is essentially the same as the above-84- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (82) The host driver discussed And according to the following relationship definition: · ForwardLinkDataRate ClOCkS_to—diSableTA2 = InterfaceTypeFactor ^ DisplayDriverDisableDelaymax Turn 2 allowable values are as follows:

Turn_Around_2 > RoundUpToNextlnteger f — — \ Clocks __to _ disableTA2 + round _ trip _ delay +1 (_8_1, [interfaceTypeFactor ^ J, for example, 1500 Mbps with 10 forward link clock round-trip delays

Type-Ill forward link usually uses turn 2 delay: \ 500Mbps Clocks—to—disableTA2 = 4 · lOnsec = 3.75

Turn—Around—2 Dagger Round a f \ 3.75 + 10 + 1 Binding

The description of UpToN extinteger XH · Shizhuguang Interconnect 8 The physical connection layer used to implement the interface according to the present invention can be implemented using commercialized components.

Electric Company Ltd) produces part number 3260-8S2 (01), and the display device can be used with Hirose Electronics' part number 3240-8P-C ° Type-I interface pin arrangement or using this Type-i interface connector " "Pin characteristics" are shown in Table χII. -85- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (21〇 × 297 mm)

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Table XIII Signal Name and Pin Number Signal Name Pin Number The internal component or device or its design must be small enough to be used in mobile communication and computing devices, such as pda and wireless phones, or portable gaming devices, and should not be obtrusive or lack aesthetics when compared to the size of the relevant device. Any connector and wiring should be durable enough to be used in a typical user environment, and should be small in size, especially the wiring section, and inexpensive. The transmission element should allow data and strobe signals for different NRZ data. The transmission rates for Type I and Type II can reach approximately 450 Mbps, and the 8-bit parallel Type IV version can achieve a transmission rate of 3.6 Gbps. XIII. Operations A summary of the general steps taken to process data and packets using the interface of the present invention is shown in Figures 54a and 54b. In these figures, the process begins by deciding whether the client and host are connected using a communication path (here, a cable). This can be done by periodic polling, either software or hardware, to detect the presence of a connector or cable to the input of the host, or by other known techniques. If the host is not connected to any client, it will enter a waiting state with a predetermined length, or enter the sleep mode, or cancel the startup for future use. Once the client is connected to the host, and vice versa, the client or host sends the appropriate packet to request service. Then the host sends a request message packet, which depends on the client's function, and the client sends the display function with information -86- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 577208 A7 B7

Moon giant packets to the host. The host and client also negotiate the type (rate / speed) of the service mode used, such as Type!, Type U, Type Η, etc. Once the service type is established, the host can begin sending information. As mentioned earlier, 'All transmissions that start with a sub-frame header packet are immediately followed by the data type' here includes video and audio stream packets' and padding packets; or instructions and information, here are color mapping, bits Lock out transmissions or other packets. In addition, the host and client can use the appropriate packet to exchange data related to the keyboard or pointing device. 'During operation' may wish to exchange modes, which can be accomplished by exchanging the appropriate interface type delivery request, type confirmation 'and performing a type delivery packet. After the data and instructions are exchanged between the host and the client, at some point it will be decided whether to transmit ㈣㈣ ’or whether the link is going to sleep or completely closed. If the connection is to be terminated, the host will send a connection close packet to the client, and both ends will terminate the data transmission at the same time. IX · Appendix In addition to the above discussion of the format, structure, and content of the different packets that implement the structures and agreements of the specific embodiments of the present invention, here are some more detailed descriptions of some packet types. Here it is necessary to further clarify its individual use or operation to make it easier for the industry @experts to understand, and will use the present invention for various applications. There are only some niches that have not yet been discussed and will be discussed further here. Α · For image stream packet display attribute blocking (1 byte) has a series of bit values, as follows -87-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 ___ 5. Description of the invention (85). Bits 1 and 0 select how to display the pixel data. When the bit value is "Ml.", The data is displayed to both eyes. When the bit value is "10", the data is delivered to the left eye only. When the bit value is "01", the data is delivered to the right eye only. 2 indicates whether the pixel data is presented in a staggered format. A value of "0" indicates that the pixel data is in a standard progressive format, and when moving from one column to the next, the number of columns (pixel Y axis) is incremented by 1. When this bit value When it is "1", the pixel data is in an interleaved format, and when moving from one row to the next, the number of rows is accumulated by 2. Bit 3 indicates that the pixel data is in an interactive pixel format. This is similar to the standard interleaving enabled by bit 2. Mode, but the interleaving method is vertical instead of horizontal. When bit 3 is 0, the pixel data is in the standard progressive format, and when each sequence pixel is received, the number of columns (pixel X axis) is incremented by 1. When When bit 3 is 1, the pixel data is in the interactive pixel format, and when each pixel is received, the block number is accumulated by 2. Bits 7 to 4 are reserved for future use, and are generally set to zero. 2 bytes The X start and Y start fields specify the absolute X and Y of the first pixel point (X start, Y start) in the pixel data field Coordinates. 2-byte X right edge and Y top edge block Specify the X coordinate of the left edge of the screen window and the Y coordinate of the top edge of the specified pixel data field, and the X right edge and Y bottom edge fields Specify the X coordinate of the right edge of the update window and the Y coordinate of the bottom edge. Pixel Count Unit (2 bytes) Specify the number of pixels in the following pixel data field. Parameter CRC Unit (2 bytes) contains The CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the pixel count. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet will be discarded. The pixel data field contains the original image information to be displayed, and the image is used for this paper. Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 ___ Β7__; _ V. Description of the invention (86) The format described in the data format descriptors is formatted. As discussed elsewhere, transmit a "column" "Data. The CRC field (2 bytes) of the pixel data contains only the 6-bit CRC of the pixel data. If the CRC confirmation of this value fails, the pixel data can still be used, but the CRC error count will be accumulated. B · Used for the sound stream packet sound channel ID field (1 bit ) Can identify a specific audio channel, the client device will send audio data to that channel. The physical audio channel value specified or corresponding to this block is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, Indicate left front, right front, left rear, right rear, front center, subwoofer, year round left, and right channel respectively. The sound channel ID value 254 indicates that the digital audio sample signal stream is sent to the front left and right channels simultaneously. . This makes stereo headsets more useful for voice communication and PDA output increase, or for simple user interface to generate warning sounds and other applications. It is more simplified. ID block values from 8 to 253 and 25 5 are currently reserved. For additional designation of new designs. The sound sample count block (2 bytes) specifies the number of sound samples in this packet. Each sample bit and packaging block contains i-bytes that can specify the audio data packaging format. The commonly used format is bits 4 to 0 to define the number of bits per pcM sound effect sample. Bit 5 specifies whether the digital audio data samples are packaged. As mentioned above, Fig. 12 illustrates the difference between the packaged and byte-aligned sound samples. Bit 5 is " 〇 "means that every _pcM sound effect sample in the digital sound data field is aligned with the interface byte boundary byte," Γ "means that each successive PCM sound effect sample corresponds to the previous sound effect sample. Encapsulate it. Only when in position -89-

577208 A7 __B7__ V. Description of the invention (87) This bit is valid only when the value defined in elements 4 to 0 (the number of bits per PCM sound effect sample) is not a multiple of eight. Bits 7 to 6 are reserved for systems that require additional designation, and are generally set to zero. The audio sample rate field (1 byte) specifies the audio PCM sample rate. The format used is 0 indicating a rate of 8,000 samples per second (sps), a value of 1 indicating 16,000 sps, a value of 2 indicating 24,000 sps, a value of 3 indicating 32,000 sps, and a value of 4 indicating 40,000 sps. The value of 5 indicates 48,000 sps, the value of 6 indicates 11,025 sps, the value of 7 indicates 22,050 sps, and the value of 8 indicates 44,100 sps. The values 9 to 15 are reserved for future use, so currently set Is zero. The parameter CRC block (2 bytes) contains a 16-bit CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the sound sampling rate. If this CRC cannot be checked correctly, the entire packet is discarded. The digital audio data field contains the original audio sample to be played, usually in a linear format like an unsigned integer. The sound data CRC bit (2 bytes) contains a 16-bit CRC with only sound data. If the CRC cannot be checked, the audio data can still be used, but the CRC error count will be accumulated. C. Used for user-defined stream packets. The 2-byte stream ID number is used to identify a specific video stream. The contents of the streaming parameters and streaming data bits are defined by the MDDI equipment manufacturer. The 2-byte stream parameter CRC 襕 bit contains a 16-bit CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the audio encoding byte stream parameter. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet is discarded. The 2-byte stream data CRC bit contains the CRC of only the stream data. If this CRC cannot be correctly -90- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (88) Inspection, according to the different needs of the application, The use of streaming data is optional. To use the streaming data under the condition that the CRC is good, you generally need to put the streaming data in the buffer until you confirm that the CRC is good. If the CRC is not checked, the CRC error count is accumulated. D · Used for color mapping package> Color mapping #Material size block (2 bytes) specifies the total number of color mapping table items for color mapping data in this packet. The bytes in the color mapping data are 3 times the size of the color mapping. No color mapping data will be transmitted when the color pair drum is set to zero. If the color corresponding size is zero, the color corresponding offset i value is still transmitted, and the display H will ignore this value. The color correspondence offset amount bit (2 bytes) specifies the offset of the color correspondence data in the packet from the color correspondence table in the display device. The parameter CRC age of the _2 bytes includes the CRC of all the bytes from the packet length to the audio coding bits. If this CRC cannot be checked, the whole packet will be sent. The line corresponds to the age of the data. Each color corresponds to -3 bytes. 'The first byte specifies the intensity of blue, the second byte specifies the intensity of green', and the third byte specifies the red. strength. Color Mapping Size 襕 Bit specifies the number of 3-byte color mapping table entries that exist in the color mapping data field. If a single color mapping cannot be applied to an image data format and color mapping packet ’, the entire color can be specified by transmitting multiple packets with different color mappings and color mapping offsets in each packet: Yes. The 2-byte color mapping data CRC block contains only color mapping data -91-

577208

crc. If this crc cannot be checked, the color mapping can still be used, but it will accumulate the CRC error count. E · Used for reverse link encapsulation. The reverse link flag (1 byte) contains the flag of the group that requires display information. If the bit (here G) is set to-, the host will use the display function packet Request specified display information. If the bit is zero, the host does not need display information. The remaining bits (here bits 1 to 7) are reserved for future use 'and set to zero. The reverse rate divisor field (1 byte) specifies the number of MDDI-Stb cycles that occur due to the reverse link data clock. The reverse link data clock is equal to the forward link negative material divided by twice the reverse rate divisor. Backlink data rate is related to backlink data clock and interface type on backlink. For Type I interface and s, the reverse data rate is equal to the reverse link data clock. For Type II, TyPe III, and Type IV interfaces, the reverse data rate is equal to twice, four times, and eight times the reverse. Link data clock. The Turn 1 Length field (1 byte) specifies the total number of bytes allocated to Turn 1. The recommended length to turn to 1 is the number of bytes required by the MDDI_Data driver in the host to disable the output. This is based on the output deactivation time, forward link data rate, and type of forward link interface used discussed above. The above also provides more detailed steering 1 setting instructions. Turn 2 bad bits (1 byte) specifies the total number of bytes allocated to turn 1. The recommended length of turn 2 is the number of bytes required for the MDDI_Data driver to disable the output and round-trip delay in the display. The above also provides instructions for setting up Steering 2. -92 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) · Binding

577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (90) The parameter CRC field (2 bytes) contains a 16-bit CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the turn length. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet is discarded. The gate array (3 bytes) contains a value that causes the MDDI_Stb signal at the bit boundary between the last bit of all zero fields and the first bit of the reverse data packet field to transition from low Is high. This ensures that the MDDI_Stb signal operates in a consistent manner with the byte boundaries in the reverse data packet field. All zero bits (1 byte) are set equal to zero and are used to ensure that all MDDI_Data signals are in the zero state before the line driver is deactivated during the first guard time. The steering field is used to establish the first steering cycle. The number of bytes specified by the steering length parameter is allocated by this bit to allow the MDDLData line driver in the host to be disabled before the line driver in the client (display) is enabled. The host deactivates its MDD1_Data line driver during the turn to bit 0, and the user terminal (display) enables its line driver immediately after turning to the last bit of 1. The MDDI_Stb signal operates as if the steering cycle is all zero. The reverse data packet field contains a series of data packets transmitted from the client to the host. As mentioned earlier, the transmitted stuffed packets fill the remaining space not used by other packet types. The turn 2 position is used to establish a second turn cycle. The number of bytes specified by the steering length parameter is allocated by this unit. The drive re-enable field uses 1 byte equal to zero to ensure that all -93- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) binding

Line 577208-~ ----- 1! ___ V. Description of the Invention (91) The MDDI-Data signal will be re-enabled before the packet length field of the next packet. F • Used to display function packets. The protocol version block uses 2 bytes to specify the protocol version used by the client. The initial version is set equal to zero, and the minimum protocol version block uses 2 bytes to specify the minimum protocol version that the client can use or interpret. Display data rate function field (2 bytes) specifies the maximum data rate that the display can receive on the forward link of the interface, and is specified in megabits per second (Mbps) format. The interface type function field (1 byte) specifies the type of Μ face supported on the forward and reverse links. At present, by selecting bit 0, bit i, or bit 2, the Type-II 'Type-Ill or Type-IV mode on the forward link is selected, and the bit 3, bit 4, or bit 5 selects the inverse. Tyj) e-II, Type-III, or Type-IV mode on the link; bits 6 and 7 are reserved and set to zero. "" Occupation map I degree and south degree niches (2 bytes) specify the width and height of the bitmap in the pixel. The monochrome function field (1 byte) is used to specify the number of resolution bits displayed in monochrome format. If the display cannot use the monochrome format, set this value to zero. Bits 7 to 4 are reserved for future use and are therefore set to zero. Bits 3 to 0 define the maximum number of grayscale bits present in each pixel. These four bits can specify values from 1 to 15 for each pixel. If the value is zero, the display does not support single color mode. The color function bit (3 bytes) specifies the maximum number of table items that exist in the monitor color pair table. If the monitor cannot use the color-to-magic format, this value is zero. -94-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) " ------ 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (92) The RGB function stop (2 bytes) is designated by The number of resolution bits displayed in RGB format. If the display cannot use the RGB format, this value is zero. The RGB function word includes three unsigned values: bits 3 to 0 define the maximum number of blue bits, bits 7 to 4 define the maximum number of green bits, and bits 11 to 8 define the maximum number of red bits in each pixel. Yuan. Bits 15 to 12 are currently reserved for future use and are generally set to zero. Y Cr Cb function block (2 bytes) specifies the number of resolution bits displayed in Y Cr Cb format. If the display cannot use the Y Ci * Cb format, this value is zero. The Y Cr Cb function word includes three unsigned values: bits 3 to 0 define the maximum number of bits in the Cb sample, bits 7 to 4 define the maximum number of bits in the Cr sample, and bits 11 to 8 define the maximum number of bits in the Y sample. Number, bits 15 to 12 are currently reserved for future use and set to zero. The display feature function indicator field uses 4-bytes to include a set of flags to indicate the features supported by the display. Bit is set to one to indicate supported functions, and set to zero to indicate unsupported functions. A bit value of 0 indicates whether a bitmap block transfer packet (packet type 71) is supported. Bits 1, 2, and 3 indicate whether the bitmap area is filled with packets (packet type 72), the dot pattern is filled with packets (packet type 73), or the communication link data channel packets (packet type 74) are supported. The bit 4 value indicates whether the display can make the color transparent, the bit 5 and 6 values indicate whether the display accepts the packaged image data or sound effect data, and the bit 7 indicates whether the display can transmit the camera's reverse link video stream. Bits 11 and 12 indicate that the client can send and receive data packets of the pointing device when communicating with the pointing device, or can send and receive keyboard data packets when communicating with the keyboard. Bits 13 to 31 are currently reserved for future use or use. -95- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) binding

577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (93) The system designer makes a special designation, which is generally set to zero. The Display Video Frame Rate function field (1 byte) specifies the maximum video frame update function of the frame display per second. The host can choose to update the image at a slower rate than the value specified in this field. The sound buffer depth field (2 bytes) specifies the flexible buffer depth of each sound stream exclusive to the display. The audio channel function block (2 bytes) contains a set of flags indicating the audio channels supported by the display. Bit is set to a channel that indicates support, and bit is set to a channel that indicates no support. The different positions specified by the bit positions are bit positions 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively, indicating left front, right front, left rear, right rear, center front, subwoofer, surround left , And surround the right channel. Bits 8 to 15 are currently reserved for future use and are generally set to zero. The 2-byte sound effect sampling rate function is used for forward connection. It includes a set of flags to indicate the sound effect sampling rate function of the client device. The different rates specified for the bit positions are: bit 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 points for teeth, and J is specified to be 8,000, 16,000, 24,000, 32,000, 40,000 less per spear, 48,000, 1 1,025, 22,050, and 44,100 samples (SPS), while bits 9 to 15 are reserved for future replacements, so currently set to "0". Setting one of these bits to "1" indicates that a specific sample rate is supported, and setting the bit to "0" indicates an unsupported sample rate. The minimum sub-frame rate field (2 bytes) indicates the minimum sub-frame rate in the frame per second. The minimum sub-frame rate enables the display status update rate to be sufficient to read a pointing device in some sensors or displays. -96-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (94) 2-bit microphone sampling rate function is used for reverse connection The -group flag indicates the function of the sound sampling rate of the microphone in the client device. For MDDI 'client devices the microphone is configured to basically support a rate of at least 8,000 samples per second. The different rates specified for this bit position are: bit positions 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are used to represent 8,000, 16,000, 24, 00, 32, respectively, per second 00, 40, 00, 48, 00, 11,025, 22,050, and 44,100 samples (SPS), while bits 9 to 15 are reserved for future replacement rates, so currently set Is " 〇 ". Set one of these bits to" 1 "to support a specific sample rate, and set the bit to indicate an unsupported sample rate. If no microphone is connected, the microphone sample rate function bit is set to zero. The content protection type field (2 bytes) contains a set of flags indicating the type of digital content protection supported by the display. Currently, bit position 0 is used to indicate when DTCP is supported, and bit position 1 is used to indicate when HDCP is supported. Meta positions 2 to 15 are reserved for other protection mechanisms, and are currently set to zero. G · Used to display the request and status packet. Backlink request field (3 bytes) specifies the next sub-frame of the display in the reverse link Needed to send information back to the host The number of tuples. The CRC error count stop (1 byte) indicates the number of CRC errors that have occurred since the start of the media frame. The CRC count is reset when a subframe header packet with a subframe count of zero is transmitted If the actual number of CRC errors exceeds 255, the value is 255. The function change stop uses 1 byte to indicate the change of the display function. If the user connects a peripheral device, such as a microphone, keyboard, or display, or other -97- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (95) This result will occur. When bit [7: 0] is equal to 0, finally The functions have not changed since the transmission of the display function packet. However, when bits [7: 0] are equal to 1 to 255, the function is changed. Check the display function packet to determine the new display function. H. For bit block transmission The upper left coordinate X and Y values of the packet window use 2 bytes to indicate the X and Y values of the upper left coordinate of the moving window. The window width and height columns use 2 bytes to indicate the width and height of the moving window. Windows X Move and Y Move Bits use 2 bytes to indicate the number of pixels of the window that are moved vertically and horizontally. A positive value X moves the window to the right, a negative value X moves to the left, a positive value Y moves the window downward, and a negative Y moves upward. I. Used to fill the bitmap area with the X and Y values of the upper left coordinates of the packet window. Use 2 bytes to indicate the X and Y values of the upper left coordinates of the filled window. The window width and height fields ( 2 bytes) indicates the width and height of the fill window. The image data format description subfield (2 bytes) indicates the format of the fill value of the pixel area. This format is the same as the field in the image stream packet. The format is the same. The pixel area fill value field (4 bytes) contains the pixel value to be filled in the window specified by the above discussion field. This pixel format is specified in the image data format descriptor bit. J. Used to fill the packet with the dot pattern. The X value and Y value of the upper left coordinate of the window use 2 bytes, which respectively indicate the X and Y values of the upper left coordinate of the filled window. The window width and height fields (2 bytes each) indicate the width and height of the filled window. Pattern width and pattern height stops (2 bytes each) indicate the width and height of the filled pattern, respectively. -98- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) binding

Line 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (96) 2-byte image data format descriptor Descriptor block indicates the format of the pixel region fill-in value. FIG. 11 illustrates the encoding method of the video data format descriptor. This format is the same as that in the video stream packet, and its format is the same. The parameter CRC field (2 bytes) contains the CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the image format descriptor. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet is discarded. The pattern pixel data block contains the original image information that fills the pattern in a format specified by the image data format descriptor. The data is packed into bytes, and the first pixel of each row must be byte-aligned. At the same time, a row of filled pattern data is transmitted. The pattern pixel data CRC bit (2 bytes) contains the CRC of the pattern pixel data only. If the CRC cannot be checked, the pattern pixel data can still be used, but the CRC error count will be accumulated. K. Communication link data channel packet parameter CRC block (2 bytes) contains a 16-bit CRC from the packet length to all the bytes of the packet type. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet is discarded. The communication link data field contains the raw data of the communication channel. This data is only sent to the computing device on the display. The communication link data CRC field (2 bytes) contains a 16-bit CRC with only communication link data. If the CRC cannot be checked, the communication link data can still be used, but the CRC error count will be accumulated. L · For interface-type handover request packet The interface type (1 byte) specifies the new interface type to be used. The values in this bit specify the interface type in the following way. If the value in bit 7 is equal to 0, the type handover is required for forward connection. If it is 1, then the type handover is 99. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm). V. Description of the invention (97) Delivery requirements are used for reverse connection. Bits 6 to 3 are reserved for future use and are generally set to zero. Bits 2 to 0 are used to define the type of interface used. A value of 1 indicates the delivery of Type-I mode, a value of 2 indicates the delivery of Type_II mode, and a value of 3 indicates the delivery of Type-III mode. When the value is 4, it indicates the delivery of Type-IV mode. Values 0 and 5 to 7 are reserved for future alternative or mixed modes. M · Interface type confirmation packet The interface type block (1 byte) has a value to confirm the new interface used. The values in this field specify the interface type in the following way. If bit 7 is equal to 0, type handover is required for forward linking, and if it is equal to 1, then type handover is required for reverse linking. Bit positions 6 to 3 are currently reserved for specifying other delivery types, and are generally set to zero. However, bit positions 2 to 0 are used to define the type of interface used. A value of 0 indicates negative confirmation 'or the requested delivery cannot be performed. A value of 1, 2, 3, and 4 indicates Type-I, Type-II, Type-Ill, and Type-IV mode delivery. Values 5 to 7 are reserved for use in the specified alternative mode. N · Used to deliver packets. 1-byte interface type bit indicates the new interface type used. The value in this field indicates the interface type. Bit 7 is used first to determine whether type handover is used for forward or reverse linking. The value, 0, indicates that type handover is required for forward connection, and the value "1" indicates reverse connection. Bits 6 to 3 are reserved for future use and are generally set to zero. However, bits 2 to 0 are used to define the type of interface to be used, and values of 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively specify the use, Typ II, Type-m, and Type] v mode delivery. These bit values 0 and 5 -100- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 577208 A7 B7 5. The invention descriptions (98) to 7 are reserved for future use. 〇 · Used to enable packets for the forward audio channel. The audio channel enable mask field (1 byte) contains the group's flag ‘Kue 2 4’ which enables the client-side audio channel. The bit is set to enable the corresponding L channel in Ayamachi. The bit is set to zero to disable the corresponding channel. Bits 0 to 5 designate Tongyuan 0 to 5, which respectively represent left front, right front, left rear, right rear, and front center. , Sub heart sound speaker channel. Bits 6 to 7 are reserved for future use while setting ‘·’ · zero. P · Reverse sound effect sampling rate Packet sound effect sampling rate block (1 byte) The specified digital sound effect sampling rate is assigned to this bit rate at different rates: values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 $ 6, 7, and 8 are used to represent 80, 000, 16, 000, 24, 00, 32, 000, 40,000, 48, 000, u 95, 22, 50, and 50, respectively, and 44,100 samples (SPS), and the values 9 to 254 are reserved for future replacement rates, so the default setting is "0". The value 255 is used to disable reverse link audio streaming. — Sample format The block (1 byte) specifies the sampling format of the touch sound effect. When the bit M] · 〇] is equal to G ', the digital sound effect sample is in a linear format. When these bits are equal to the λ sound effect sample ^, the format, when the bit is equal to 2, Used by digital generations, -like prostitutes are zero. [2] Reserved for μ sound effect format instead of Q. Used for digital content protection overhead packet content protection type block (1 byte) refers to the method. 〇 value indicates digital transmission content companion Digital content protection (e.g. mnrp, cp), a value of 1 means high-frequency broadband, cp (first CP). The value range is 2 to 255, which is currently not specified. Pingding! Line-101 577208 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (99) Reserved for alternative protection mechanism. The content protection overhead message nibble is a variable-length field that contains the content transmitted between the host and the client. Protects the message. R. Transparent color enable packet The transparent color enable field (1 byte) specifies when to enable or disable the transparent color mode. If bit = 0 is equal to 0 then disable the transparent color mode, if it is equal to 1 , The transparent color mode is enabled, and the transparent color is specified by the following two parameters. Bits 1 to 7 of this byte are reserved for future use and set to zero. Image data format description subfield (2 bytes ) Format for indicating the fill-in value of the pixel area. Figure 11 illustrates the encoding method of the image data format descriptor. This format is roughly the same as the format of the same field in the video stream packet. The fill-in value field of the pixel area uses 4 bits. Set the pixel value to be filled in the above specified window. This pixel format is specified in the image data format description sub-field. S. Used for round-trip delay measurement packet parameter CRC bit (2 bits Group) contains a 16-bit CRC of all bytes from the packet length to the packet type. If this CRC cannot be checked, the entire packet is discarded. The value contained in the strobe field (2 bytes) makes the MDDI_Stb signal tight It changes from low to high at the bit boundary before the first bit of all zero fields of this packet. This ensures that the MDDI_Stb signal operates in unison with the byte boundary during the measurement period in which this packet is transmitted Method: All zero stops (1 byte) contains zero to ensure all MDDI_Data -102- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) binding

k V. Description of the invention (100) A7 B7 仏 is in the zero state before the line driver is disabled in the first protection time period. The guard time 1 field (8 bytes) is used to allow the MDDI_ Data line driver in the host to be disabled before the line driver in the client (display state) is enabled. The host deactivates its MDD1_Data, line driver 'during the guard time 1 bit 0, and the display enables its line driver immediately after the last bit of guard time 1. The measurement period field is a 512-byte window, which is used to allow the display to respond to Oxff, Oxff, 0x0 with a data rate of half a degree. This rate corresponds to a reverse link rate divisor of one. The display returns this response immediately at the beginning of the measurement period. This response will be received by the host exactly after the connection is started after the first bit of the host measurement period. The display's MDDI-Data line driver is deactivated immediately before and after the display Oxff, Oxff, 0x00 response 0 time 2 field (8 bytes) value allows the user to deactivate the line shaver before enabling it MDDI-Data line driver. The protection is straightforward, but it is only necessary to measure the maximum round-trip delay during the measurement period. The user terminal disables the vertical line during the guard time 2 bit 0 and the host _ the last-bit line driver during guard time 2. The driver re-enable field (1 byte) is set to zero to ensure that the ^ Data signal will be reused before the packet length of the lower-packet shed. The different specific embodiments of the invention are as described above, but it should be understood that these specific implementations are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, but should be defined according to the scope of patent application below. -104- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

577208 A8 • A digital data interface for transmitting digitally presented data at high speed between a host device and a client device on a communication path, including: a plurality of interconnected packets to form a communication protocol for use in the communication path A set of pre-selected digital control and presentation data is transmitted between the host and the client; and at least one link controller is located in the host device, coupled to the client through the communication path, configured to generate, transmit, and Receive a packet that forms the communication protocol and cause the digital presentation to form one or more types of data packets. 2. If the interface in the first patent application scope further includes a packet gathered in a media frame passed between the host and the client, the media frame has a predefined fixed length and a predetermined number of packets. The packet has Different and variable lengths. 3. The interface of item 1 of the scope of patent application for printing further includes a sub-frame header packet 'at the beginning of the host packet transmission. 4. As stated in the interface of item 1 of the patent scope, it further includes two-way transmission of information between the host and the client over the communication link. 5 · The interface of item # 1 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the link controller is a host link controller, and further includes at least one client link controller located in the client device and coupled to the host through the communication path. , Configured to generate, transmit, and receive the packets that form the communication protocol and cause the digital presentation data to form one or more types of data packets. 6 · If the interface of the scope of application for patent No.5, wherein the host connection controller includes one or more differential line drivers; and the client connection controller package ________- 105- Or multiple differential line receivers coupled to the communication path. For example, the interface of the scope of patent application 1 further includes one or more image stream packets for image type data and audio stream packets for audio type data, which are used to transmit data from the host to the forward link The client for presentation to the user of the client. For example, the interface in the scope of patent application 1 further includes one or more reverse link packaging packets for the client to transmit data to the host. For example, the interface of the first patent application scope, in which the host connection controller requires the display function information of the client device in order to determine what type of data and data rate the client device can use through the interface. • For the interface in claim 9 of patent scope, one of the client connection controllers uses at least one display function packet to transfer the display or presentation function to the host connection controller. • The interface of claim 1 in the patent scope, wherein the communication path includes a cable 'having a set of four or more conductors and a shield. For example, the interface of claim 1 in the patent scope, wherein the host connection controller includes a USB data interface as part of the communication path. • The interface as claimed in claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the host device includes a wireless communication device. • The interface as claimed in claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the host device includes a portable computer equipped with a wireless modem. For example, the interface of claim 1 in the patent scope, wherein the client device includes a portable video display. -106- W208 . ^ The interface of item 14 of Shenqiu's patent scope, wherein the portable video display includes a micro display device. For example, the interface of claim 1 is claimed, wherein the client device includes a portable audio presentation system. 18. The interface as claimed in claim w, wherein the host includes a device for storing: multimedia data to be transmitted to the client device. • The interface of claim 1 of the patent scope, where each packet includes a packet length field, one or more packet data fields, and a cyclic redundancy check block. 20. If the interface in the second item of the patent application scope further includes a plurality of transmission modes, each mode allows a different maximum amount of data bits to be transmitted in parallel within a known time period, and each mode can be controlled by the host and The client connects to the driver to choose between them; and wherein the transmission mode can be dynamically adjusted between the modes during data transmission. 21 · If the scope of patent application is the first! The interface of the item further includes a plurality of packets that can be used to transmit image information selected from the group consisting of color mapping, bit block transmission, bitmap area_ true full dot pattern filling, and transparent color-enabled packets. 22. The oldest interface in the scope of patent application, further including a stuffing packet generated by the host to occupy the forward link transmission period when there is no data. 23. = Application-specific interface is the oldest interface 'further including user-defined streaming packets for transmitting user-defined interface data. 577208 ,: Please only: '4. Ru Shen. The interface of item 1 of the monthly patent scope further includes a keyboard data and a pointer device data type packet for transmitting data to and from a user input device related to the client device. 25. The oldest interface in the scope of patent application, further comprising-a link-closed packet transmitted from the host to the client to terminate data transmission in either direction on the communication path. 26 · —A method for transmitting digital data at high speed between a host device and a client device on a communication path for presentation to a user, including ... generating one or more predefined packet structures and interconnecting them To form a predefined communication protocol; use the communication protocol to pass a set of pre-selected digital control and presentation data between the host and the client device on the communication path; connect at least one host in the host device to the control Device, which is coupled to the client device through the communication path, and the host is connected to the controller and configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets forming the communication protocol, and form digital data to form one or more types of Data packets; and using the link controller to transmit data in the form of packets over the communication path. '27. The method according to item 26 of the scope of patent application, further comprising aggregating the packets in a media frame for transmission between the host and the client, the media frame having a predefined fixed length and a predetermined number of packets , The packets have different and variable lengths. X 28 · The method according to item 26 of the scope of patent application, further comprising transmitting a packet from a host having a sub-paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) 108-frame header packet . 29. The method of claim 26, further comprising transmitting information in both directions between the host and the client on the communication connection. 30. The method of claim 26, further comprising at least one client connection controller located in the client device, coupled to the host device through the communication path, and configured to generate, transmit, and receive The packet of the generalization agreement is formed, and the digital presentation data is formed into one or more types of data packets. • A method as claimed in claim 30 of the patent application, wherein the host connection controller includes one or more differential line drivers; and the client connection controller includes one or more differential line receivers coupled to the communication path. Device. • The method claimed in item 26 of the patent scope further includes using one or more image-type packets for image-type data, and audio stream packets for audio-type figures to transfer data from the host to the client To render to the end user. ). The method of claim 26, further comprising transmitting data from the client to the host using one or more reverse link encapsulation packets. If applied, the method of item 26 of the patent further includes the connection of the host to the controller to request the display information of the client in order to determine what type of data and data rate the client can use through the interface. The method according to item 34 of the patent application, further comprising using at least one functional display packet to transfer the display or presentation function from the client link controller to the host link controller. For example, the method of the scope of patent application No. 26, wherein the communication path includes a -109- 577208 patent scope cable, which has a set of four or more conductors and a shield. 37. The method of claim 26, further comprising using a USB data interface as part of the communication path by the connection controller. 38. The method according to item 26 of the patent, wherein the host includes a wireless communication device. 39. The method according to item 26 of the patent application, wherein the host computer includes a portable computer and a wireless modem is provided inside the host computer. " " 40. The method of claim 26, wherein the client device includes a portable video display. Wherein the portable image display, wherein the client-side device includes further on the host 41. The method according to item 40 of the patent application includes a micro-display device. 42. Method as claimed in item 26 of the scope of patent application-A portable sound effect presentation system. 43. If the method in the scope of patent application No. 26 is used, the multimedia data to be transmitted to the client device is stored. See the method in item 26 of the patent scope, wherein each packet includes: a length field, one or more packet data bits, and several inspection stops in a loop. 45. The method described in item 27 of the scope of application for patents includes the following steps. The == households and end-to-end drivers are connected in a large number of ways in each direction, and their 'per-mode' allows different maximum positions.平行 Parallel transmission within a known period of time; and dynamic adjustment between this transmission mode during data transmission. This paper is suitable for National Standards (CNS) -110- 577208 A8 B8 C8 Binding m Each link controller is configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets that form the communication protocol, and digitally present the data into one or more types of data packets. 52. The device of claim 51, wherein the host controller includes a state machine. 53. The device of claim 51, wherein the host controller includes a general-purpose signal processor. 54. The device according to item 51 of the patent application, wherein the packets are gathered in a media frame for transmission between the host and the client. The media frame has a predefined fixed length and a predetermined number of packets. Packets have different and variable lengths. 55. The device in the scope of application for item 51 further includes a sub-frame header packet at the beginning of the host packet transmission. 56. For the device in the scope of patent application No. 51, wherein the link controller is configured to transmit information in both directions between the host and the client device on the communication link. 57. The device of claim 51, wherein the client controller includes a client receiver coupled to the client device. 58. The device of claim 57 wherein the host controller includes one or more differential line drivers; and the client receiver includes one or more differential line receivers coupled to the communication path. 59. The device of claim 51, further comprising an image stream packet for image type data when transmitting data from the host to the client for presentation to the client user, and a sound effect for audio type -112 · The paper ruler is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297). Streaming package. 60. The device in item 51 of the patent scope, further including-or a plurality of reverse link packaging packets for transmitting data from the client to the host. 61. The device according to item 51 of the scope of patent application, wherein the host-linked controller is configured to request the display information of the client to determine what type of data and data rate the user% can use through the interface. 62. The device according to item 61 of the scope of patent application, further comprising at least one display-force b-type packet for transferring the display or presentation function from the client connection controller to the host connection controller. 63. The device according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the communication path includes a winding 'having a set of four or more conductors and a shield. 64. The device of claim 63, wherein the cable includes six conductors and a shield. 65. The device of claim 63, wherein the cable includes eight conductors and a shield. 66. The device of claim 63 in the scope of patent application, wherein the communication path includes a boundary line with 4 conductors, a USB interface and a shield. 67. The device according to item 63 of the scope of patent application, wherein each cable conductor comprises a multi-stranded wire, and the line has an impedance of about 丨 ohm per thousand feet, a signal propagation speed of about 0.66c, The maximum delay of the cable is less than about 8 billionths of a second, and a shield. 68. The device of claim 51, wherein the host device includes a wireless communication device. 69. If the device of the scope of patent application No. 51, wherein the host device includes a 577208 A8 B8 C8 ij • 4 Equipment 6. Scope of patent application cycle. 78. 79, 80. If you apply for the installation of item 51 in the scope of patent application, Nanfeng A "> π Xinmuzhi further includes keyboard data and data of the standard device data type packets, which are used to transmit the inverse data to becco Return to the user input device related to the client device. For example, the device in the scope of patent application No. 51, wherein the host controller is configured to transmit a -link-closed packet to the client device to terminate data transmission in any direction on the communication path. A programming product for an electronic line is used for transmitting digital data at high speed between a host device and a client device on a communication path for presentation to a user, and includes: / Computer media 'has a computer-readable code device in the The implementation in the media is used to cause the application to execute on a computer system. The computer-readable code device includes: a computer-readable first code device for causing the computer system to generate one or more predefined Packet structure and interconnect them to form a pre-defined communication protocol; a computer-readable second code device for causing the computer system to use the communication protocol on the communication path between the host and the client device A set of pre-selected digital control and presentation data is transmitted; a computer-readable third code device is used to cause the computer system to be located in the host device with at least one host-connected controller, and through the communication path, To at least one client control located in the client device i§ 'The link controller is configured to generate, transmit Send and receive the packets that form the communication protocol, and make the digital presentation data into one or more types -115 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 public directors) 577208 ABCD ττ, patent application data packets ; And a computer-readable fourth code device for causing the computer system to use the link controller to transmit data in the form of packets on a communication path. 81. A device for transmitting digital data at high speed between a host device and a client device on a communication path to present to a user, including: a device for generating one or more predefined packet structures, and Interconnect them to form a pre-defined communication protocol; a device that uses the communication protocol to pass a set of pre-selected digital control and presentation data between the host and the client device on the communication path; a device Is used to couple at least two link controllers together through the communication path. Each of the host controller and the client has a link controller, and each link controller is configured to generate, transmit, and receive the communication protocol that forms the communication protocol. Packet, and digitally present the data into one or more types of data packets; and a device for using the link controller to transmit data in the form of packets over a communication path. 82. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for gathering the packet in a media frame for transmission between the host and the client. The media frame has a predefined fixed length and A predetermined number of packets with different and variable lengths. 83. The device of claim 81, further comprising a device for transmitting packets from a host having a sub-frame header type packet. 84. If the device under the scope of patent application No. 81, further includes a device for transmitting information in both directions between the host and the client on the connection -77208 A8 B8 C8. 85. The device according to item 81 of the patent application, wherein a link controller includes a host controller coupled to the host device, and the second link controller includes a client receiver coupled to the client device. 86. The device of claim 85, wherein the host controller includes one or more differential line drivers; and the client receiver includes one or more differential line receivers coupled to the communication path. 87. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, further comprising using one or more image-type packets for shirt-type data and audio effect-type IL packets for transmitting data from the host to the user. Device in order to be presented to the end user. 88. The device according to item 81 of the patent application scope further includes a device for transmitting data from the client to the host using one or more reverse link encapsulation packets. 89. If required, please specialize in the device of item 81. The step further includes that the host connection controller requests the display function information of the client device in order to determine what type of data and information the client can use through the interface. Rate device. 90. If you want to install a full-time device, further include using at least one, nonsense-type packet to transfer the display or presentation function from the client link controller to the host link controller. 91. Please refer to the device of item 81, where the feed path includes a cable with a set of four or more conductors and a shield. 92. If the device in the scope of application for the patent No. 81, further includes the paper size of this paper—applicable to Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) M specifications ㈣χ 297 public love) Binding 577208 A8 B8 C8 • ____ D8 6. Scope of patent application. The controller is a device that uses a USB data interface as part of the communication path. 93. The device according to item 81 of the claims, wherein the host includes a wireless communication device. 94. The device according to item 81 of the application for a patent, wherein the host computer includes a portable computer and a wireless modem is equipped in the host computer. 95. The device according to item 81 of the application for a patent, wherein the client device includes a portable video display. 96. The device as claimed in item 95 of the patent, wherein the portable image display device includes a micro display device. 97. The device according to item 81 of the application for a patent, wherein the client device includes a portable audio presentation system. 98. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for storing multimedia data to be transmitted to the client device on the host. 99. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, wherein each packet includes a packet length block, one or more packet data blocks, and a cyclic redundancy check field. 100. The device according to item 82 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: used for negotiation between the host and the client-side connection driver to use one of a plurality of transmission modes in each direction, each mode allowing a different maximum amount of data bits Means for transmitting elements in parallel within a known time period; and means for dynamically adjusting between the transmission modes during data transmission. 101 · If the device of the scope of application for patent No. 81, further includes the use of a -118- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 public and duplicate) Each packet. Packet transmission device selected from the group consisting of color mapping, bit block transmission, bitmap area filling, bitmap pattern filling, and transparent color-enabled packet image information. 102. The device according to item 81 of the patent application, further comprising means for generating a stuffing packet by the host to occupy a forward link transmission period when there is no data. The device of the scope of patent application No. 81 further includes a device for transmitting user-defined interface data using a user-defined stream packet. 104. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for transmitting data to and from a user input device associated with the client device using a keyboard data and a pointer device data type packet. 105. The device according to item 81 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for terminating data transmission in any direction along the communication path using a link-closed packet transmitted from the host to the client. 106 · —a processor for an electronic system for transmitting digital data at high speed between a host device and a client device on a communication path, the processor configured to generate one or more predefined packet structures, And interconnect them to form a pre-defined communication protocol; to form digital presentation data into one or more types of data packets; using this communication protocol to transmit a set of pre-selected data between a host and a client device on a communication path Digitally control and present data; and send data as packets over communication paths. 107.-A state machine for synchronizing in an electronic system, transmitting digital data at high speed between the host device and the client device on the communication path -119- 08 72 7 5 8 8 8 8 A BCD The state machine is configured to have at least one asynchronous frame state synchronized state, at least two obtained synchronized state synchronized states, and at least three synchronized state synchronized states. -120- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm)