TWI555899B - Heat transfer printing method for fabrics - Google Patents

Description

Sublimation cloth transfer method

The invention relates to a method for transferring a sublimation cloth, in particular to a method for transferring a sublimation cloth for printing on nylon cloth.

According to the dyeing and finishing industry, it is a very important part of the textile industry. After the fabric is made of yarn fabric, it must be dyed and finished through multiple passes to make the original plain fabric have a color and pattern, and at the same time change the characteristics of the fabric (for example: softness, abrasion resistance, fabric touch) Sense and other characteristics), and make the fabric have special functions (such as: anti-splash, moisture wicking, antibacterial and deodorant, etc.), so the dyeing and finishing technology has a very important impact on the quality of the finished fabric.

However, the most serious problem in the traditional dyeing and finishing industry is that it must consume a large amount of water during the dyeing and finishing process, and use a large amount of fuel or electric energy, which is not only inconsistent with the requirements of modern environmental protection and energy conservation, but also causes the dyeing and finishing industry to be extremely The cost burden. Moreover, a large amount of waste water is discharged during the dyeing and finishing process, and serious exhaust gas pollution is caused by burning fuel such as raw coal, so that the dyeing and finishing industry is classified as a highly polluting industry, and it is gradually unable to survive in developed advanced countries, and must be moved outward. To the backward third world countries.

In the traditional printing process, the printing method used is usually processed by dyeing and finishing, and then printed on the cloth by screen printing, lithographic printing, rotary screen printing, roller printing, or digital printing. Printed with colors or patterns, however, most of the printing methods need to be sizing before printing to fill the holes in the cloth to ensure the printing quality. After each printing process is completed, it must be steamed by steam and then washed, so it is printed or printed. The process must consume a lot of heat and a lot of water, and discharge a large amount of waste water and waste gas.

Therefore, in recent years, some fabric printing has changed to adopt the sublimation transfer method to replace the traditional printing technology. As shown in FIG. 1, a schematic view of a conventional thermal sublimation transfer apparatus includes a transfer paper supply reel 1, a cloth supply reel 2, and a heating roller 3. The cloth 4 to be printed is wound on the cloth supply roll 2, and the dye to be printed on the cloth 4 is first printed on a transfer paper 5, and the transfer paper 5 is wound around the transfer paper supply roll 1 on. After the cloth 4 to be printed and the transfer paper 5 are pulled out from the reel, after being guided by a plurality of guide rollers, the cloth 4 and the transfer paper 5 are bonded to each other, and then pass through the heating roller 3 and pass through the heating roller 3 Heating is performed so that the dye layer on the transfer paper 5 is thermally transferred onto the cloth 4.

As shown in FIG. 2, the dye layer 6 to be printed on the cloth 4 is printed on one side of the transfer paper 5 facing the cloth 4, and when the cloth 4 and the transfer paper 5 are commonly passed through the heating roller 3, on the transfer paper 5 When the dye layer 6 is heated by the heating drum 3 to a specific temperature, the dye is converted into a vapor state, and the vapor dye directly infiltrates into the fiber pores of the cloth 4 which has been heated and opened, and after the temperature is lowered, the dye is again reduced to a solid state. At the same time, the surface pores of the fibers of the cloth 4 are closed to hold the dye in the fibers to form a flower color or pattern.

The color of the fabric dyed by the sublimation transfer method can completely penetrate into the fiber of the transfer material, so it does not affect the material of the fabric itself, and is less likely to fall off, crack, feel good (no transfer thickness) and sharp in color. Excellent breathability. Compared with traditional printing and dyeing technology, sublimation transfer technology must use transfer paper and must use special thermal sublimation dyes, so the material cost is higher than traditional printing and dyeing methods. After that, it only needs to be directly cooled, and the color printed on the fabric is immediately fixed on the fabric. It does not need to be steam-cooked and shaped, as well as washed and dried, as in the traditional printing and dyeing method, so that energy and water consumption can be greatly reduced. And reduce pollution to the environment.

However, the conventional sublimation transfer technology can only be applied to polyesters. Polyester fabrics, if applied to other fabrics (eg, cotton or nylon fabrics), can cause poor dye adhesion. Therefore, in addition to fabrics containing polyester fibers, other types of fabrics must be printed and dyed by other types of printing methods. Therefore, the use of sublimation transfer technology is limited and cannot be widely used in various types. In the printing and dyeing operations of different textiles, the printing and dyeing operations of non-polyester fabrics still have the problem of requiring a large amount of energy and water sources and causing a large amount of pollution.

In order to overcome the limitation that the conventional sublimation transfer technology can only be used for polyester fabrics, some conventional techniques use a layer of ink absorbing material on the surface of the fabric to increase the adhesion of dyes and textiles. A surface layer is formed on the surface of the textile, which affects the thickness and feel of the cloth, and at the same time causes a problem of reduced air permeability of the cloth. In another method, a part of the polyester fiber is mixed in the textile fiber, but the use of such a blended fiber cloth will also cause a change in the characteristics of the original textile fiber.

Due to the above reasons, the sublimation transfer technology is limited in the field of textile printing and dyeing applications. Therefore, how to improve the conventional sublimation transfer technology to improve the application range of sublimation transfer technology to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings has become the cause. One of the important topics to be solved.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for transferring a sublimation cloth suitable for printing and dyeing nylon fabrics, which can print colors and patterns on a nylon fabric by a sublimation transfer method, and retain the original characteristics of the nylon fabric.

According to the high strength and thermal plasticity of nylon, it is less hygroscopic than natural fiber, but better than polyester fiber. In addition, the feel of nylon is similar to that of silk, and it has excellent performance in terms of flexibility, elastic resilience, alkali resistance, abrasion resistance and UV resistance. Therefore, many functional clothing on the market currently use nylon as cloth. .

The method of the present invention makes it possible to apply the thermal sublimation transfer method to the printing and dyeing operation of a nylon cloth by overcoming the limitations of the prior art, thereby making the use of the nylon cloth The functional fabrics can also be printed and dyed with color or pattern by sublimation transfer, which increases the effect of nylon fabric printing and dyes, reduces the energy and water consumption caused by printing and dyeing operations, and reduces pollution.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for transferring a sublimation cloth, comprising: providing a nylon cloth; preparing a transfer paper, a side of the transfer paper printed with a sublimation dye layer; performing a transfer process, The transfer program is such that the side of the transfer paper on which the thermal sublimation dye layer is printed is in close proximity to the nylon cloth, and the nylon cloth and the transfer paper are guided and passed through a thermal transfer device. The thermal transfer device heats the nylon cloth and the transfer paper to a thermal transfer temperature, and vaporizes and transfers the dye of the thermal sublimation dye layer on the transfer paper onto the nylon cloth.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing conditions of the transfer program are: the thermal transfer temperature is between 150 ° C and 240 ° C, and the thermal transfer heating time is between 14 seconds and 60 seconds. And the transfer pressure is between 3bar and 15bar.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the thermal transfer temperature is between 170 ° C and 220 ° C; the thermal transfer heating time is between 20 seconds and 50 seconds; and the transfer pressure is between 5bar to 12bar.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the components of the thermal sublimation dye layer are expressed by weight percent, including: 10% to 30% of a disperse dye; 70% to 90% of a solvent; 2% to 10% of a polyvinyl alcohol. Butyral (PVB).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein the solvent component is expressed in weight percent, it comprises from 30% to 70% methanol (Methanol) and from 30% to 70% isobutanol (IBA).

The invention has the beneficial effects that the nylon cloth printed by the sublimation transfer method by the method of the invention can have the color fastness of the dye close to the polyester fiber cloth formed by the transfer of the sublimation transfer method, and does not Destroying nylon fibers, retaining the tough and elastic properties of nylon fibers, so that textiles and apparel that have traditionally been made of nylon fabrics can also be printed and dyed using a sublimation transfer method, thus The advantages of sublimation transfer can be combined with the advantages of nylon fabric.

For a better understanding of the features and technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings.

1‧‧‧Transfer paper supply reel

2‧‧‧ cloth supply reel

3‧‧‧heating roller

4‧‧‧ cloth

5‧‧‧Transfer paper

6‧‧‧Dye layer

10‧‧‧ Thermal transfer device

11‧‧‧heating roller

12‧‧‧heating mat

20‧‧‧Nylon fabric

30‧‧‧Transfer paper

31‧‧‧Sublimation dye layer

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the manufacturing process of the conventional fabric sublimation transfer method.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the manufacturing process of the conventional fabric sublimation transfer method.

3 is a manufacturing flow chart of a method for transferring a sublimation cloth according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the manufacturing process of the thermal sublimation cloth transfer method of the present invention.

The invention provides a method for transferring a sublimation cloth, the main purpose of which is to apply the sublimation transfer technology to the printing and dyeing operation of nylon cloth.

The method of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, wherein FIG. 3 is a manufacturing flow chart of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a partial structural schematic view of the thermal transfer device used in the present invention to perform a thermal sublimation transfer process. As shown in FIG. 3, the method of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, a nylon cloth 20 (step S1) is provided, and the nylon cloth 20 can be a cloth of nylon 6 or nylon 66, and the nylon cloth 20 is preferably The refining fabric is suitable for printing after being dyed and degreased. Before the nylon fabric 20 is printed, a plurality of pretreatment processes can be selectively performed to enhance the printing effect. The pretreatment of the nylon fabric 20 includes a degreasing refining step (step S2) for removing the grease on the nylon fabric 20. And impurities to improve the dye adhesion of the subsequent dyeing process dyes. The degreasing and refining step washes the nylon fabric 20 by means of water washing, a cleaning agent, etc., so that the nylon fabric 20 reaches the required cleanliness level. And a certain type of step (step S3), so that the fabric 20 is shaped and flattened to avoid shrinkage, deformation, and the like after the thermal transfer printing. It should be noted here that if the cloth 20 is a refining-treated cloth, the pre-processing of the steps S2 and S3 is not required.

When the nylon cloth 20 is pre-treated through the aforementioned various processes, it is followed by a heat rise. Hua transfer method for printing and dyeing procedures. As shown in FIG. 4, the printing and dyeing method used in the present invention is carried out by using a heat transfer machine having a thermal transfer device 10 and passing a transfer paper 30 through the thermal transfer device 10. The heat-sublimation dye layer 31 printed thereon is transferred onto the nylon fabric 20.

In the printing process of the nylon fabric, first, a transfer paper must be prepared (step S4). As shown in FIG. 4, a side of the transfer paper 30 is provided with a thermal sublimation dye layer 31, and the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is in accordance with the The color and pattern of the printing and setting of the nylon cloth 20 are printed on the surface of the transfer paper 30. When the thermal transfer process is performed, one side of the sublimation dye layer 31 and the nylon cloth 20 are close to each other, and the heating method is used. The dye in the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is vaporized and transferred onto the nylon fabric 20.

The components of the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 coated on the transfer paper 30 are expressed by weight percentages including: 10% to 30% of a disperse dye, and 70% to 90% of a solvent. At the same time, 2% to 10% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is added to the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 as an adhesive for the thermal sublimation dye layer 31. The component of the solvent in the sublimation dye layer 31 includes at least methanol and isobutanol. The ratio of methanol and isobutanol in the solvent is adjusted according to the ambient temperature. Through experiments, when the weather is hot in summer, the proportion of methanol in the solvent is higher than the ratio of isobutanol; otherwise, when the temperature is lower in winter, Instead, a mixture of isobutanol and methanol was added to prepare the solvent. The proportion of methanol in the solvent can be adjusted from 30% by weight to 70% by weight, and the weight ratio of isobutanol is also adjusted within the range of 30% to 70%, that is, in the solvent. Methanol and isobutanol are formulated in the most appropriate ratio according to the actual temperature conditions in the ratio of 7:3 or 3:7.

The dye contained in the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 constitutes a color and a pattern formed after being transferred to the cloth, and the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 can be printed on the transfer paper 30 by printing, and the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is printed. The printing method can be gravure printing, lithography, or digital inkjet. Since the printing and forming method of the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is not an improvement of the present invention, detailed techniques thereof will not be described. means.

After the transfer paper 30 is ready for completion, the transfer process can be performed by a thermal sublimation transfer machine (step S5). Referring to FIG. 4, the thermal sublimation transfer machine used in the present invention is passed through a thermal transfer device 10. The thermal sublimation dye layer 31 of the transfer paper 30 is transferred onto the nylon fabric 20. Wherein the heat transfer machine can directly utilize existing machines and equipment on the market.

The main feature of the transfer program of the present invention is that the heat-sublimation dye layer 31 can be obtained and transferred onto the polyester fiber cloth after being transferred to the nylon cloth 20 by changing the operating conditions such as temperature, time, and pressure. The printing and dyeing effect can break through the limitations of the conventional sublimation transfer technology, and it can print the nylon fabric by sublimation transfer without the use of special coating treatment or the technique of blending polyester fiber in nylon fiber. operation.

As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 are overlapped each other when the transfer is performed, and are passed through the thermal transfer device 10 in a continuous transfer manner, and the transfer paper 30 is passed through the thermal transfer device 10. After the heat-sublimation dye layer 31 is heated to reach a heat transfer temperature, the dispersion-type dye contained in the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is vaporized and transferred onto the nylon fabric 20. The thermal transfer device 10 mainly includes a heating roller 11, and a heating pad 12 capable of pressing the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 against the surface of the heating roller 11. The heating pad 12 is a flexible sheet-like body made of an insulating material (for example, Nomex felt or silicone cushion), which is mounted at a position adjacent to the heating roller 11 through a plurality of rollers, and partially covered by the heating roller 11 Outside. After the transfer paper 30 and the nylon cloth 20 are superposed together, they pass through the gap between the heating pad 12 and the heating roller 11, so that the transfer paper 30 and the nylon cloth 20 can be pressed against the surface of the heating roller 11 through the heating pad 12. . By controlling the temperature of the heating roller 11, it is possible to control the temperature at which the transfer program is applied to the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30, and by adjusting the rotation speed of the heating roller 11, the speed at which the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 pass through the heating roller 11 can be controlled. At the same time, adjusting the contact time of the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 and the heating roller 11 to achieve the purpose of controlling the heat transfer heating time; When the contact pressure of the heating pad 12 against the heating roller 11 is adjusted, the transfer pressure at the time of transfer of the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 can be adjusted.

In order to achieve a good transfer effect of the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 on the nylon fabric 20, the processing conditions of the transfer procedure of the present invention must pay attention to the following points: First, the softening point and the thermal melting point of the nylon fiber cloth are low. In the polyester fiber cloth, the transfer temperature used must be lower than the transfer temperature of the polyester fiber to avoid the phenomenon that the nylon cloth is hardened or reduced in elasticity after transfer. In general, the thermal transfer temperature of the conventional polyester fiber is in the range of about 200 ° C to 260 ° C, and the transfer temperature used in the transfer procedure of the present invention is maintained in the temperature range of 150 ° C to 240 ° C. Preferably, the temperature range is from 170 ° C to 220 ° C.

Since the invention adopts a lower transfer temperature, the dye transfer to the nylon cloth is improved by slowing down the speed of the nylon cloth 20 by heating the drum 11, to prolong the heat transfer heating time, and at the same time increasing the transfer pressure. Color fastness on 20. In the transfer procedure of the present invention, the speed at which the nylon cloth 20 passes through the heating roller 11 does not exceed 35 m/min; and the contact time between the nylon cloth 20 and the transfer paper 30 and the heating roller 11 (i.e., transfer heating time) is controlled. Preferably, the time range of from 14 seconds to 60 seconds is from 20 seconds to 50 seconds; and the transfer pressure applied by the thermal transfer device to the nylon cloth and the transfer paper is between 3 bar and Between 15 bar, preferably between 5 and 12 bar. In the above processing conditions of the present invention, the transfer heating time and the transfer pressure are both more than doubled to the conventional thermal transfer method.

The nylon cloth 20 is subjected to the above-described transfer procedure so that the dye in the thermal sublimation dye layer 31 is vaporized and then infiltrated into the fibers of the nylon cloth 20, so that the dye is held in the fibers of the nylon cloth 20. After the nylon fabric 20 is printed with the color and pattern through the above thermal transfer program, the dye transferred onto the cloth can be cooled and set by a cooling process (step S6), so that the color of the printing is formed on the nylon fabric 20. And patterns. The cooling process can be carried out in a natural cooling mode, that is, after the cloth printing is completed, the natural placement reduces the temperature without special heat dissipation or cooling means.

The finished dyed nylon fabric produced by the method of the invention is AATCC 61-2009, Test No. 2A method to test the color fastness to washing is 3 to 3.5 (the general quality control standard is qualified above grade 3, the highest level is 5); and the color fastness to rubbing is tested by AATCC8-2013 method. Up to grade 3.5; and the color fastness of the finished product is more than grade 3 by AATCC 16.3-2014 method, so the color fastness of the finished product has reached the same level as that of the polyester fiber cloth with the sublimation transfer finished product. Printing and dyeing quality.

[Possible effects of the examples]

In summary, the nylon cloth printed by the sublimation transfer method by the method of the present invention can have the color fastness of the dye close to the polyester fiber cloth formed by the transfer of the sublimation transfer method, and does not damage the nylon. The material and texture of the fiber retains the toughness and elasticity of the nylon fiber.

Therefore, the method of the present invention can be applied to the printing and dyeing operation of the nylon fabric by the method of the thermal sublimation transfer, which can break through the limitation that the thermal sublimation transfer method can only be applied to the printing and dyeing of the polyester fiber fabric, and the conventional Textiles and garments that must be made of nylon fabric can also be printed and dyed using the sublimation transfer method, thus making the advantages of thermal sublimation transfer combined with the advantages of nylon fabric.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent technical changes made by using the present specification and the contents of the drawings are included in the protection scope of the present invention. .

10‧‧‧ Thermal transfer device

11‧‧‧heating roller

12‧‧‧heating mat

20‧‧‧Nylon fabric

30‧‧‧Transfer paper

31‧‧‧Sublimation dye layer

Claims (8)

A method for transferring a sublimation cloth, comprising: providing a nylon cloth; preparing a transfer paper, a side of the transfer paper printed with a sublimation dye layer; performing a transfer process, the transfer process is to transfer the Printing a side of the printed sublimation dye layer adjacent to the nylon cloth, guiding and controlling the nylon cloth and the transfer paper through a thermal transfer device, through the thermal transfer device to the nylon Heating the cloth and the transfer paper to a thermal transfer temperature, vaporizing and transferring the thermal sublimation dye layer on the transfer paper to the nylon cloth; wherein the processing condition of the transfer program is: The thermal transfer temperature is between 150 ° C and 240 ° C, the thermal transfer heating time is between 14 seconds and 60 seconds, and the thermal transfer device is applied to the nylon cloth and the transfer paper. The transfer pressure is formed between 3 and 15 bar; wherein the components of the thermal sublimation dye layer are expressed in weight percent including: 10% to 30% of a disperse dye; 70% to 90% of a solvent. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 1, wherein the thermal transfer temperature is between 170 ° C and 220 ° C. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 2, wherein in the transfer procedure, the transfer pressure is between 5 and 12 bar. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 3, wherein the thermal transfer heating time is between 20 seconds and 50 seconds. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 4, wherein the nylon cloth and the transfer paper pass through the pressurizing and heating device at a rate of not more than 35 m/min. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermal sublimation dye layer is added with 2% to 10% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol. Butyraldehyde. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 6, wherein the composition of the solvent is expressed by weight percentage, and includes 30% to 70% of methanol, and 30% to 70% of isobutanol. The method of transferring a sublimation cloth according to claim 7, wherein the nylon cloth is processed by the following steps before performing the transfer process: a degreasing refining step: removing the oil quality of the nylon fabric and Other impurities; and a certain type of step of sizing the nylon fabric and flattening the nylon fabric.