TWM593308U - Machine tool, spindle and airway structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

This new creation is about a processing machine tool, a processing spindle and its airway structure. The machining spindle air passage structure includes a bottom cover, a rotating shaft, a casing, a housing, a seat body, a first bearing and a second bearing. The rotating shaft is positioned and supported in the seat body through the first bearing and the second bearing, and the sleeve and the seat body are fixed Connected, the bottom cover is fixed on the rotating shaft, the bottom cover and the casing gap cooperate to form a first gap, the rotation shaft and the casing gap cooperate to form a second gap, the first gap communicates with the second gap, and the seat body is provided with The air inlet, the air inlet communicates with a second flow channel provided in the casing, and the second flow channel communicates with the second gap.

Description

Processing machine tool, processing spindle and its air passage structure

This novel creation relates to the field of ultrasonic processing technology, in particular to a processing machine tool, a processing spindle and its airway structure. [Cross reference to related applications]

This application claims the priority of Chinese new patent application number 2019218454242 filed on October 30, 2019, and the disclosure content of the application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Modern processing machine tools widely use high-speed spindles. The traditional contact seal under high-speed spindle rotation causes seal failure due to high-speed friction and heat. Non-contact air seals can solve the problem of high-speed spindle heat seals. The main design of the air curtain is at the front end of the spindle. Structure, the air guide channel is set in the body, compressed air enters the gap between the front end of the main shaft and the end cover from the air outlet of the air guide channel, and then flows out of the outside world. After passing through an external air source, an air curtain that blows from the inside out is formed at the front end of the main shaft , To achieve the purpose of preventing external impurities and iron filings from entering the interior of the contaminated spindle. However, the existing air curtain sealing structure has the following problems: if the air curtain structure is unintentionally blocked and the gas cannot be discharged, it will affect the safety of the main shaft. In severe cases, the main shaft may even be scrapped. The vertically installed air curtain structure has poor anti-fouling performance and lacks a diversion structure inside the main shaft.

The purpose of the creation of the new model is to provide a processing spindle with a long service life that can still be used normally when the air curtain is blocked, and to provide a processing spindle airway structure and a processing machine accordingly.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a machining spindle airway structure, including a bottom cover, a rotating shaft, a casing, a seat body, and a first bearing and a second bearing, the rotating shaft passes through the first bearing and the second bearing Positioned and supported in the seat body, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the seat body, the bottom cover is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the bottom cover and the sleeve are clearance-fitted to form a first gap. The rotating shaft and the casing gap cooperate to form a second gap, the first gap communicates with the second gap, the seat body is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is provided in the A second flow channel in the casing communicates, the second flow channel communicates with the second gap, and a fourth flow channel is also provided inside the bottom cover, the fourth flow channel communicates with the second gap .

Preferably, the seat body is further provided with a first flow channel, and the first flow channel communicates with the air inlet.

Preferably, the casing is further provided with a third flow channel, and the third flow channel communicates with the second flow channel.

Preferably, the first gap is set horizontally, and the fourth flow channel communicates with the first gap.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is provided with a boss, and the boss is in contact with the groove in the bottom cover.

Preferably, the machining spindle further includes a gap adjustment ring, the gap adjustment ring is disposed between the boss and the first bearing, and the gap adjustment ring is in contact with the boss.

Preferably, a plurality of annular triangular grooves are further provided on the periphery of the boss.

Preferably, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the end surface of the bottom cover and the sleeve that are clearance-matched, and a plurality of grooves, the protrusions and the recesses are provided on the end surface of the sleeve and the bottom cover The slot clearance cooperates to form a labyrinth structure.

The novel creation also provides a machining spindle, which includes the above-mentioned machining spindle airway structure.

The new creation also provides a processing machine including the above-mentioned processing spindle.

Compared with the existing technology, its beneficial effects are:

The airway structure of the processing spindle provided by the new creation uses the structure of the bottom cover to design the fourth flow channel to avoid the first gap being blocked, which causes excessive pressure inside the spindle, damages the parts, and improves the safety of the spindle; the boss is set It has a circular triangular groove, which serves as a drainage and increases the gas storage space. The first gap is set horizontally, and it is more difficult for oil to enter. Because the vertical design gap, the oil that rebounds during processing is easy to enter. In the gap, when the level is set, the circumference of the bottom cover has blocked the entry of oil. Even if it enters the level gap, due to the high-speed rotation of the main shaft, the oil can be thrown out of the gap between the bottom cover and the casing, and the vertical gap The structure can not be thrown out, and the first gap set by the level created by the new model has a better positive pressure sealing effect to exclude oil from entering the main shaft.

The technical solutions in this new creative embodiment will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in this new creative embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the new creative embodiments, not all of them. Examples. Based on the embodiments in the novel creation, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the novel creation.

It should be pointed out that in the description of the creation of the new model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings. The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the creation of the new model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a creation of the new model. limits.

Similarly, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in this new creation to describe various information, but these information should not be limited to these terms, these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other separate. For example, without departing from the scope of this new creation, "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information. Similarly, "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information.

As shown in FIG. 1, the new creative embodiment provides a processing spindle airway structure, which mainly includes a bottom cover 1, a rotating shaft 2, a casing 3, a seat body 4, and a bearing assembly, and the rotating shaft 2 is supported on the seat by the bearing assembly Inside the body 4, a housing 3 is further provided on the seat body 4, the housing 3 is located between the bottom cover 1 and the seat body 4, the sleeve 3 is fixed to the seat body by screws or bolts 4 on. The bottom cover 1 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a boss 15, the bottom cover 1 is provided with a groove, and the bottom cover 1 is realized by abutting the groove and the boss 15 Initial positioning.

The bearing assembly includes a first bearing 5 and a second bearing 6, and the first bearing 5 and the second bearing 6 are arranged back and forth and support the rotating shaft 2 respectively. In addition, a sleeve (not shown in the drawings) is provided between the first bearing 5 and the second bearing 6, which axially positions the bearing.

The height of the casing 3 is designed in advance, so that after the assembly of the main shaft, the gap between the bottom cover 1 and the casing 3 is matched, and a first gap 7 is left between the two to discharge the gas to achieve a positive pressure seal. In this way, external dust, oil and liquid will not enter the spindle and affect the service life. Further, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the end surface of the bottom cover 1 and the sleeve 3 in clearance fit, correspondingly, a plurality of grooves are provided on the sleeve 3, and the protrusions and grooves are also clearance fits when they are fitted, but a labyrinth structure is formed. It is better to prevent oil from entering the spindle.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seat body 4 is provided with an air inlet 10, the casing 3 is provided with a second flow channel 12, and the bottom cover 1 is provided with a fourth flow channel 14. The rotating shaft 2 and the casing 3 have a gap fit, and there is a second gap 8 therebetween, and the gas can be discharged from the second gap 8 to the first gap 7 and the fourth flow channel 14 to achieve a positive pressure seal. For ease of processing, the seat body 4 is also provided with a first flow channel 11 which communicates with the air inlet 10. The casing 3 is further provided with a third flow channel 13 which communicates with the second flow channel 12. It should be noted that when only the air inlet 10, the second flow passage 12, the second gap 8, and the first gap 7 are provided, the air passage can be unblocked to achieve a positive pressure seal, and their settings are not as shown in the figure The installation method shown in 2 can be set as an inclined flow channel, so as to achieve the overall air passage. The purpose of setting other flow channels in FIG. 2 is to facilitate processing, because the inclined flow channels are arranged, which is not convenient for processing. The flow channels in FIG. 2 are all horizontal or vertical.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gap adjustment ring 9 is provided between the first bearing 5 and the boss 15, and the gap adjustment ring 9 is in contact with the boss 15 and its role is to adjust the position of the rotating shaft 2 relative to the seat body 4, When the first gap 7 is too small or does not exist, the thickness of the gap adjustment ring 9 can be increased, so that the rotating shaft 2 moves axially and a proper gap is left between the casing 3 and the bottom cover 1. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the gap adjustment ring 9, it can be set in a half-half structure, so that the gap can be quickly disassembled and adjusted. In addition, as long as the processing dimensions and stability of the rotating shaft 2 and the casing 3 are good, and a reasonable space for the first gap 7 is ensured, the gap adjustment ring 9 can be eliminated.

In addition, the periphery of the boss 15 of the rotating shaft 2 is also provided with a plurality of ring grooves with a triangular cross-section, which can increase the volume of gas stored inside the main shaft, and also play a certain role of drainage to better guide the gas To the first gap 7, the first gap 7 enables the main shaft to achieve a positive pressure seal to blow outwards over the entire ring surface.

In order to avoid the first gap 7 being too small, it may be caused by the unreasonable setting of the gap adjustment ring 9, or it may be that the first gap 7 is blocked after a long time of idling, and the gas cannot be smoothly discharged from it. 1 is provided with a fourth flow channel 14, which directly communicates with the second gap 8 and is arranged obliquely, so that the gas can be discharged from the inside of the spindle when the first gap 7 is blocked and cannot be exhausted normally. To avoid excessive air pressure inside the spindle damage internal parts. In addition, the fourth flow path 14 can also communicate with the first gap 7. It should be noted that the fourth flow channel 14 is also a beneficial technical effect of the new creation, which is a creative setting that distinguishes the new creation from the existing technology. In addition, when the first gap 7 is not blocked, the gas can also be discharged from the fourth flow path 14. Furthermore, in order to prevent dust and oil from clogging the fourth flow channel 14, it can also be designed as a hole with a smaller diameter. FIG. 2 is only a schematic, and even a curved labyrinth structure may be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the gas flows into the air inlet 10 from the high pressure of the external air source, passes through the first flow channel 11 to reach the second flow channel 12 on the casing 3, and then flows into the third flow channel 13 and then flows into the second gap 8. The gas in the second gap 8 then flows into the first gap 7 and/or the fourth flow channel 14 and finally exits the outside of the main shaft to achieve a positive pressure seal. Of course, as long as the structural space allows, only the air inlet 10, the second flow passage 12, the second gap 8, and the first gap 7 can be provided, so that the entire air passage can be unblocked.

In addition, the new creation also provides a machining spindle including the above-mentioned machining spindle airway structure and a machining machine tool.

In summary, the new creative embodiment provides a processing spindle air channel structure, which can prevent oil, dust and liquid from entering the spindle, causing damage to the spindle; the fourth flow channel 14 is designed using the structure of the bottom cover 1 to avoid the first After the gap 7 is blocked, the internal pressure of the spindle is too large, which damages the parts and improves the safety of the spindle; the boss 15 is provided with an annular triangular groove, which serves as a drainage function and increases the gas storage space; the first gap 7 It is the level setting, and it is more difficult for the oil to enter. Because the vertical designed gap, the oil that rebounds during processing, it is easy to enter the gap, and when the level is set, the periphery of the bottom cover 1 has blocked the oil from entering, even Entering the level gap, due to the high-speed rotation of the main shaft, oil can be thrown out of the gap between the bottom cover 1 and the casing 3, but the vertical gap cannot be thrown out. The first gap 7 of the level setting of the new creation is better The positive pressure sealing effect eliminates oil contamination.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the new creation. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and replacements can be made without departing from the principles of the new creation technique. These improvements And replacement should also be regarded as the scope of protection of this new creation.

1: bottom cover 2: rotation axis 3: casing 4: seat body 5: First bearing 6: second bearing 7: First gap 8: second gap 9: Gap adjustment ring 10: Air inlet 11: First runner 12: Second runner 13: Third channel 14: Fourth channel 15: boss

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing spindle of the new creative embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the upper part of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction of the airway structure of the new creative embodiment.

7: First gap

8: second gap

9: Gap adjustment ring

10: Air inlet

11: First runner

12: Second runner

13: Third channel

14: Fourth channel

15: boss

Claims (10)

An air passage structure for a processing spindle includes a bottom cover, a rotating shaft, a casing, a seat body, and first and second bearings. The rotating shaft is positioned and supported in the seat body through the first bearing and the second bearing. The sleeve The shell is fixedly connected to the seat body, the bottom cover is fixed on the rotating shaft, the bottom cover and the sleeve are clearance-matched to form a first gap, and the rotation shaft is clearance-matched with the sleeve A second gap is formed, the first gap communicates with the second gap, the seat body is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet communicates with a second flow channel provided in the casing. The second flow channel communicates with the second gap, and a fourth flow channel is further provided inside the bottom cover, and the fourth flow channel communicates with the second gap. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the seat body is further provided with a first flow passage, and the first flow passage communicates with the air inlet. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the casing is further provided with a third flow passage, and the third flow passage communicates with the second flow passage. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the first gap is set horizontally, and the fourth flow channel communicates with the first gap. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a boss, and the boss is in contact with a groove in the bottom cover. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the processing spindle further includes a gap adjustment ring, the gap adjustment ring is disposed between the boss and the first bearing, the gap The adjusting ring is in contact with the boss. The airway structure of the processing spindle as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein a plurality of annular triangular grooves are further provided on the periphery of the boss. The air passage structure of the processing spindle according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein a plurality of protrusions are provided on the end surface of the bottom cover and the sleeve in gap fit, and an end surface of the sleeve and the bottom cover in gap fit A plurality of grooves are provided on the upper surface, and the protrusions and the grooves form a labyrinth structure through gap cooperation. A processing spindle, including the processing spindle airway structure as described in any one of items 1 to 8 of the patent application. A processing machine tool includes a processing spindle as described in item 9 of the application scope.

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