UA16618U - Method for heating water in water-heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for water heating is performed in two-stage boiler: at the first stage of the boiler flow of cooled water after the batteries of heat consumer is supplied by pump for heating, with separation into two flows. The first flow is supplied to circular gaps of the placed concentrically in pairs inner and outer pipes. There heating of water is performed in the mode of surface boiling by gases with high temperature, those move through inner pipes placed in concentric positions. Pressure in compressed space of circular gaps of pipes placed in concentric positions is kept smaller than atmospheric pressure through supply of vapor formed to condenser connected to barometric pipe. The second flow is supplied to the inter-pipe space of the outer pipes of the boiler. Both water flows are after condenser and boiler combined to one and by means of pump it is supplied to the second stage of the boiler for water heating to temperature above 100 DEGREE C, depending on pressure, and after that - to the batteries of heat consumer.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to water heating boilers of various purposes, in which the processes of heating 2 water take place.

Known methods of heating water in boilers |1, 2, Z). Such methods of heating water in water-heating boilers take place due to the heat generated during fuel combustion. Circulating water, which is returned from the heating system or other types of heat consumption, is supplied with the help of circulation pumps to the lower circulation inlet manifold of the boiler, with the help of which it is distributed through the pipes 70 of the convective beam. Then, after receiving a certain amount of heat from the combustion products, the water is fed through the downpipe to the next collector, where it is distributed through the screen pipes. In the screen pipes, the circulating water is heated up to 1502 in the main mode of operation and enters the collective collector, from there it is supplied to the consumer.

The main disadvantages of such methods of heating water in water-heating boilers are significant energy costs in the process of heating water with high-temperature gases, which are formed during fuel combustion, and low intensity of heat exchange between high-temperature gases and water.

The task of the useful model is to reduce energy consumption and material consumption in the process of heating water in water-heating boilers with high-temperature gases and increase the intensity of the heat exchange process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of heating water in a water-heating boiler, water is heated in a two-stage boiler: on the first stage of the boiler, the flow of cooled water after the batteries of the heat consumer is fed by a pump for heating and divided into two streams - the first stream is fed into the annular gaps in pairs concentrically placed pipes, internal and external, where water is heated in the mode of surface boiling by high-temperature gases that move along the inner concentrically placed pipes, the pressure in the compressed space of the annular gaps of concentrically placed pipes is supported by a smaller atmospheric supply of the formed steam to the condenser connected to the barometric pipe , and the second flow is fed into the 29 intertube space of the boiler's external pipes, then both water flows after the condenser and the boiler are combined into one o /-te) and with the help of a pump are fed to the second stage of the boiler to heat the water to a temperature of more than 1009 C, depending on the pressure, and then to the batteries of the heat consumer.

The organization of surface boiling of water in the wall-compressed space of ring gaps concentrically placed pipes allows to significantly increase the intensity of the heat exchange process between gases and water, reduces and equalizes the temperature of the pipes along the length and perimeter. The possibility of a boiling crisis, in which the liquid is pushed away from the surface of the heating pipe by the vapor phase and significant temperature gradients occur, is eliminated by adjusting the pressure and, accordingly, the saturation temperature, as well as the average density of the inter-annular vapor-liquid flow by selecting it and feeding it through the separator-cyclone to the condenser . At (0), this ensures the necessary intensity of heat exchange, the specified temperature and flow rate of the heat carrier - with a decrease in the ambient temperature without an increase in the power of the water pump and heat loss with flue gases, as well as the dimensions and specific metal capacity of the equipment are reduced.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the method of heating water in a water boiler in surface boiling mode; Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the design of the boiler for the implementation of the method of heating water in the mode of surface boiling; 20, Fig. 3 shows what is shown in Fig. 2, view B - a longitudinal section of the inner and outer pipes of the first stage of the boiler; c in Fig. 4, that in Fig. 2, section A-A - cross section of the inner and outer pipes of the first stage of the boiler. :z» The method of heating water in a water heating boiler in surface boiling mode is explained by the scheme, which consists of a boiler 1 with two stages 2 and 3, a pump 4 for supplying water to the boiler, a cyclone 5 for separating the vapor-liquid flow, a condenser 6, a heat exchanger 7, tanks for heated water 8 and 9, barometric pipes 10, but heating batteries 11, pressure sensor 12, pressure regulator 13 and valve 14.

The implementation of the method of heating water in a water boiler in the mode of surface boiling takes place as follows (22). bu Water is heated in two stages. After the heating batteries 11 consumers, water is supplied to the first stage 2 of the boiler 1 by pump 4. The water supplied to the first stage 2 in the boiler 1 is divided into two streams - the first stream is fed - 70 into the compressed volume of the annular gaps 15 concentrically placed pipes - heating 16 and outer 17, and the second co flow is fed into the inter-tube space 18 of the outer tubes 17. Under the influence of the compressed volume of the annular gaps 15 in the wall region of the heating tubes 16, a process of surface boiling occurs, which causes a high coefficient of heat transfer between high-temperature gases and water and intensive heat exchange at a minimally low temperature, which is determined by the regulated pressure of the vapor-liquid flow using the regulator 13 through the pressure sensor 12. The vapor-liquid flow from the boiler 1 is fed into the cyclone 5, where it is separated, and the condensate is cooled in the heat exchanger 7 with water after the heating batteries 11 and fed into the tanks 8 and 9 through barometric pipes 10. Steam after cyclone 5 is liquefied in condenser b with a sharp decrease in pressure , which provides the necessary pressure drop in the compressed volume of the annular gaps 15, and the condensate is fed to tanks 8 and 9 through barometric pipes 10. Water heated on the first stage 2 of boiler 1 in the intertube space 18 is poured into tank 9. Because the water heated to less than 1002 from tank 9 is fed by pump 4 to the second stage From boiler 1 for heating more than 1009 depending on the pressure. After that, water with the required temperature is supplied to the heating coil 11. Flue gases from the boiler 1 are supplied to the cyclone 19 for condensate separation.

The use of the proposed method of heating water in a water-heating boiler will allow: to reduce the specific costs of heat for heating by increasing the intensity of the heat exchange of the water heating process, choosing the optimal temperature regime of the boiler, reducing the temperature of flue gases and the specific energy consumption of the water pump drive, reducing the dimensions and specific metal capacity equipment, in general increase the efficiency of the boiler.

Sources of information: 1. Buznikov E.F., Sidorov V.N. Water-heating boilers and their use at power stations and boiler rooms. -M, -L: Znergia, 1965. - 240p. 2. Kiselev N.A. Boiler installations. - M.: Vyssh. School, 1979. - 270p.

Z. Sidelkovsky L.N., Yurenev V.N. Boiler installations of industrial enterprises. -M:

Znergoatomizdat, 1988. - 528p.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention The method of heating water in a water-heating boiler with water-heating pipes with high-temperature gases, which differs in that the water is heated in a two-stage boiler: on the first stage of the boiler, the flow of cooled water after the batteries of the heat consumer is fed by a pump for heating and divided into two streams - the first the flow is fed into the annular gaps of pairs of concentrically placed pipes, internal and external, where the water is heated in the mode of surface boiling by high-temperature gases that move along the internal concentrically placed pipes, the pressure in the compressed space of the annular gaps of the concentrically placed pipes supports the or by a smaller atmospheric supply of the formed steam into the condenser connected to the barometric pipe, and the second stream is fed into the inter-tube space of the external pipes of the boiler, then both streams of water after the condenser and the boiler are combined into one and fed to the second stage of the boiler with the help of a pump to heat the water to a temperature of more than 1002C, depending on the pressure, and after that - to the batteries of the heat consumer. that 2 (ee) «- (Se) (Se) є - and? - (o) (o) - 70 IR e) 60 b5