US10337501B2 - Floating platform for harnessing wind energy - Google Patents

Floating platform for harnessing wind energy Download PDF

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Publication number
US10337501B2
US10337501B2 US15/527,218 US201515527218A US10337501B2 US 10337501 B2 US10337501 B2 US 10337501B2 US 201515527218 A US201515527218 A US 201515527218A US 10337501 B2 US10337501 B2 US 10337501B2
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Prior art keywords
floating
tower
floating platform
floating elements
platform according
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US15/527,218
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US20170356423A1 (en
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Alberto GALDOS TOBALINA
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Saitec Offshore Technologies SL
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Saitec Offshore Technologies SL
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Assigned to Saitec Offshore Technologies S.L.U. reassignment Saitec Offshore Technologies S.L.U. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GALDOS TOBALINA, ALBERTO
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00Buoys
    • B63B22/02Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F03D13/256Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation on a floating support, i.e. floating wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0204Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a floating platform for harnessing wind energy incorporating notable innovations and advantages over the techniques used so far.
  • the invention proposes the development of a floating platform for harnessing wind energy which, because of its particular arrangement, allows for a highly significant reduction of costs with respect to the prototypes currently under development, and which could better be used because of its reduced draft, both in shallow and in deep waters, and it can also be manufactured and transported very easily.
  • Harnessing wind energy for generating electric energy by means of wind turbines the development of which has been a high priority in recent years mainly by means of land-based wind farms, is known in the current state of the art.
  • Tensioned mooring lines fix the platform to the seabed and practically immobilize it, thus achieving stability.
  • the disadvantage of this type of stabilization lies in the fact that it requires auxiliary flotation systems during transportation and involves complex operations for positioning and fixing the platforms to the seabed, in addition to the steep costs associated with the installation.
  • These platforms are characterised by having a reduced surface on the water plane area in order to reduce the action of the waves on the platform and the corresponding movements produced as a result thereof, the floating elements being practically submerged once positioned at the site, and they also have a strong ballast to lower the position of the center of gravity thus achieving proper stability.
  • the simplest type of this group is made up of a single vertical cylindrical flotation element of great length, the wind turbine being located on its upper part and with the ballast in its lower part in order to lower the position of the center of gravity, as in the SPAR buoys.
  • the HYWIND design by STATOIL is a representative example, there existing other patents with identical types, such as WO 2010/106208 and WO 2013/093160.
  • Patent WO 2012/13116 is a variant, which has a horizontal cantilever element on the lower part of the floating vertical cylinder, and the anchoring system fixed to the end thereof, enabling it to be oriented with the wind.
  • Semi-submersible platforms can also be included in this group, since they have a reduced surface on the water plane area, corresponding to the vertical columns that support the wind turbine, the greater part of the floating elements generally being submerged.
  • Stability is achieved by distancing the columns in order to increase the metacentric height, and by using additional ballast in order to position the center of gravity below the metacentre.
  • Patent US 2012/0103244 corresponds to a semi-submersible platform with four vertical buoyant columns, three of which are arranged on the vertices of an equilateral triangle and the fourth in the center, which supports the tower of the wind turbine.
  • Patent WO 2002/10589 presents a type of semi-submersible platform with a central flotation chamber and a tensioned vertical anchoring cable, which is also central, in addition to an additional system of anchoring lines, so it can be classified as a combination of semi-submersible and stabilised by tensioned anchoring lines type platform.
  • patent US 2011/0155038 proposes a platform type with three or more floating vertical cylinders, joined to the seabed by tensioned cables.
  • Pillbox type floaters with a square or circular horizontal cross section, or those corresponding to patent JP2004251139, with a monohull floater in the form of an O-ring, are suitable for this approach.
  • the barges are positioned through moorings to a fixed point, able to rotate around the same, like a weather vane, in order to align with the wind, in which case they would receive the action of the waves and the wind preferably in one direction, which is why it is worth considering configurations with inertial and response characteristics that are very different depending on the main horizontal longitudinal axis of alignment and the perpendicular alignment to the same on the horizontal plane.
  • the present invention contributes to solving the current problem with a specific type of platform for harnessing wind energy and its corresponding anchoring system, which allows for a simple, practical and affordable construction, installation, use and maintenance thereof.
  • the present invention has been developed with the aim of providing a floating platform for harnessing wind energy, of the type that uses a wind turbine for generating energy, and which falls within the group of offshore platforms that obtain stability entirely by floatation, the positioning of which is carried out through mooring to a fixed point, around which the platform can rotate in order to align with the wind.
  • This platform is of the type described in the pre-characterising part of Claim 1 , comprising a tower with a wind turbine, two horizontal, identical cylindrical floating elements parallel to the main longitudinal axis of alignment, the tower and the floating elements being interconnected by bar structures.
  • the floating elements are joined to a stabilising element beneath the floating elements.
  • the main problem facing platforms stabilised by flotation is achieving a geometry, which, along with having acceptable stability, also achieves its own periods sufficiently distant from the periods of incident swell.
  • the invention proposes the combination of a twin hull platform, with two horizontal, identical cylindrical floating elements with an ovoid cross section and which are closed at their ends, thereby allowing for greater transverse stability with respect to a monohull solution with the same flotation surface, and with a submerged stabilising element which has characteristics aimed at reducing wave-induced movements as much as possible and drastically reducing the draft of the platform.
  • the aforementioned stabilising element is substantially flat, it is situated beneath the floating elements and comprises two substantially rectangular first concrete slabs, either solid or more lightweight, with a ribbed structure, arranged perpendicularly to the axes of the floaters and joined to said floaters by means of auxiliary structures, coplanar with said first concrete slabs.
  • Said stabilising element enables to greatly increase the pitch period of the platform, partly due to the inertia of the mass of the slabs and partly due to the inertia of the added hydrodynamic mass associated therewith.
  • the stabilising element may comprise two second substantially rectangular concrete slabs arranged parallel to the axes of the floaters at their outer lower part and joined to them by means of auxiliary structures that would limit the aforementioned movements in the same way.
  • both the floating and the stabilising elements are made of reinforced or prestressed concrete.
  • Concrete structures have the aforementioned problem of heavy weight, extremely low tensile strength or the presence of cracks due to intense bending stress.
  • the problem of excess weight is not serious, given that with the developed configuration, the centre of gravity can be lowered and positioned well below the metacentre, which largely increases stability, while at the same time maintaining a reduced draft because they are hollow floaters with relatively thin walls.
  • the floating elements have an ovoid cross section and are closed at their ends by a convex form. This geometry causes that when the floating elements are subjected to hydrostatic pressure they compress, such that the concrete that forms part of the same works by compression and prevents it from cracking. Moreover, in order to further ensure said compression of the cylinders, they are subjected to pre-compression, using the technique of prestressed concrete, while at the same time they are compartmentalised and internally stiffened by transverse partitions or bulkheads.
  • the assembly of bars is made of reinforced or prestressed concrete.
  • the assembly of bars is made of steel.
  • the assembly of bars is made of a mixture of steel and concrete.
  • the floating platform incorporates a buoy, said buoy being provided with anchoring means on the seabed comprising at least three mooring lines with their corresponding anchors and/or concrete blocks and/or piles for fastening to the seabed, as well as electrically transmitted rotating means comprising a swivel connector positioned on the buoy itself or on the platform and a cable, the cable coming from the seabed and reaching the platform itself, and rotating means for mooring, comprising a swivel joint to which the moorings of the platform are joined.
  • anchoring means on the seabed comprising at least three mooring lines with their corresponding anchors and/or concrete blocks and/or piles for fastening to the seabed, as well as electrically transmitted rotating means comprising a swivel connector positioned on the buoy itself or on the platform and a cable, the cable coming from the seabed and reaching the platform itself, and rotating means for mooring, comprising a swivel joint to which the moorings of the platform are joined.
  • the explained arrangement allows for the rotation of the platform of the invention around the buoy in order to align itself with the wind, like a weather vane, which allows the longitudinal oscillations of pitching and the transversal oscillations of rocking to be treated as separate phenomena and be optimised depending on their impact on the operation of the wind turbine.
  • the construction of a platform for harnessing wind energy positioned in and adapted to a marine environment is made simple, practical, affordable and effective.
  • the platform of the invention provides an unprecedented solution that satisfactorily solves all of the aforementioned problems, obtaining a specific type of floating platform for harnessing wind energy that meets the requirements of a reduced draft, as well as that of stability and wave-induced movements that are suitable for the wind turbine and its tower, both in normal environmental operating conditions and in extreme environmental conditions, and all at a reduced cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic and perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the floating platform for harnessing wind energy of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show schematic perspective views of a preferred embodiment of the floating platform for harnessing wind energy of the present invention, in greater detail.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic and perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the floating platform for harnessing wind energy of the present invention incorporating a buoy.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the floating platform for harnessing wind energy of the present invention incorporating a buoy, in greater detail.
  • the floating platform for harnessing wind energy using a wind turbine to generate energy comprises a tower ( 1 ) with a wind turbine ( 2 ), floating elements ( 3 ), a stabilising element ( 4 ) and an assembly of bars ( 5 ).
  • the tower ( 1 ) and the floating elements ( 3 ) are interconnected by bar structures ( 5 ) and, simultaneously, the same bar structures ( 5 ) are linked to the floating elements ( 3 ), running between them.
  • the floating elements ( 3 ) are horizontal, identical cylindrical and parallel with an ovoid transverse cross section, in addition to being compartmentalised and internally stiffened with transverse partitions and bulkheads.
  • the floating elements, the tower and the bar assembly are made of reinforced or pre-stressed concrete.
  • the floating elements ( 3 ) have essentially conical ends.
  • the floating elements ( 3 ) have a lower longitudinal stiffening rib ( 6 ), as a keel.
  • the floating elements ( 3 ) incorporate a substantially horizontal and flat submerged stabilising element ( 4 ) made up of four substantially rectangular slabs: two first slabs ( 4 a ) more lightweight and with a ribbed structure, arranged perpendicularly to the axes of the floating elements ( 3 ) at the ends and lower part thereof, and two second slabs ( 4 b ), also more lightweight and with a ribbed structure, positioned parallel to the axes of the floating elements ( 3 ) on the outer lower part thereof.
  • a substantially horizontal and flat submerged stabilising element made up of four substantially rectangular slabs: two first slabs ( 4 a ) more lightweight and with a ribbed structure, arranged perpendicularly to the axes of the floating elements ( 3 ) at the ends and lower part thereof, and two second slabs ( 4 b ), also more lightweight and with a ribbed structure, positioned parallel to the axes of the floating elements ( 3 ) on the outer lower part thereof.
  • This stabilising element ( 4 ) is joined to the floating elements ( 3 ) by means of auxiliary bar structures ( 7 ).
  • said slabs are made of reinforced or pre-stressed concrete.
  • the floating platform for harnessing wind energy of the invention may incorporate a buoy ( 8 ) added to the platform of the invention, said buoy ( 8 ) being provided with anchoring means on the seabed, electrically transmitted rotating means and rotating means for mooring.
  • the anchoring means on the seabed comprise three mooring lines ( 9 ) with their corresponding anchors ( 14 ) and/or concrete blocks and/or piles for the fastening thereof to the seabed
  • the electrically transmitted rotating means comprise a swivel connector ( 10 ) and a cable ( 11 ), the cable ( 11 ) coming from the seabed and reaching the platform of the invention
  • the rotating means for mooring comprise a swivel joint ( 13 ), to which the moorings ( 12 ) of the platform itself are joined.
  • the swivel connector is positioned on the buoy ( 8 ) itself.
  • the platform described is easily constructed and can be transported without difficulty by means of towing due to its reduced draft and the configuration of its floating hulls for navigation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
US15/527,218 2014-11-26 2015-09-23 Floating platform for harnessing wind energy Active 2036-02-27 US10337501B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201431758A ES2545553B1 (es) 2014-11-26 2014-11-26 Plataforma flotante de aprovechamiento de energía eólica
ES201431758 2014-11-26
ESP201431758 2014-11-26
PCT/ES2015/070691 WO2016083634A1 (es) 2014-11-26 2015-09-23 Plataforma flotante de aprovechamiento de energía eólica

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20170356423A1 US20170356423A1 (en) 2017-12-14
US10337501B2 true US10337501B2 (en) 2019-07-02

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US15/527,218 Active 2036-02-27 US10337501B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2015-09-23 Floating platform for harnessing wind energy

Country Status (24)

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US (1) US10337501B2 (da)
EP (1) EP3225835B1 (da)
JP (1) JP6505840B2 (da)
KR (1) KR102159559B1 (da)
CN (1) CN107002638B (da)
AU (1) AU2015352370B2 (da)
BR (1) BR112017011070B1 (da)
CA (1) CA2968067C (da)
CL (1) CL2017001354A1 (da)
CO (1) CO2017005556A2 (da)
CY (1) CY1121094T1 (da)
DK (1) DK3225835T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2545553B1 (da)
HR (1) HRP20190042T1 (da)
LT (1) LT3225835T (da)
MA (1) MA41033B1 (da)
NZ (1) NZ731799A (da)
PL (1) PL3225835T3 (da)
PT (1) PT3225835T (da)
RU (1) RU2675349C1 (da)
SI (1) SI3225835T1 (da)
SM (1) SMT201800695T1 (da)
TR (1) TR201820852T4 (da)
WO (1) WO2016083634A1 (da)

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US10309374B2 (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-06-04 Makani Technologies Llc Energy kite winching using buoyancy
CN111132837B (zh) * 2017-05-27 2021-10-26 孤鸥控股有限公司 增材制造的物体的分段装配船
ES2694449B2 (es) * 2017-06-20 2020-06-02 Exponential Renewables S L Estructura flotante para aerogenerador marino
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DE102019118564B4 (de) * 2019-07-09 2021-03-11 Aerodyn Consulting Singapore Pte Ltd Windenergieanlage mit einem eine Mehrzahl von Auftriebskörpern aufweisenden schwimmenden Fundament
RU2722760C1 (ru) * 2019-11-11 2020-06-03 Александр Алексеевич Соловьев Парусная энергетическая установка, преобразующая энергию потоков двух сред
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US12128995B2 (en) * 2020-10-23 2024-10-29 Entrion Wind, Inc. Minimizing movements of offshore wind turbines
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US12584461B2 (en) * 2022-09-08 2026-03-24 Jason C. FABRE Floating offshore wind turbine apparatus and installation method
CN116588269A (zh) * 2023-05-23 2023-08-15 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 一种过渡水深浮式风电平台以及系泊系统
JP7828573B2 (ja) * 2023-12-13 2026-03-12 株式会社高橋監理 水素工場を併設した浮体式洋上風力発電所
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