US10366177B2 - Cutting drum and method of designing a cutting drum - Google Patents

Cutting drum and method of designing a cutting drum Download PDF

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US10366177B2
US10366177B2 US14/381,731 US201214381731A US10366177B2 US 10366177 B2 US10366177 B2 US 10366177B2 US 201214381731 A US201214381731 A US 201214381731A US 10366177 B2 US10366177 B2 US 10366177B2
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ring segment
cutting
cutting drum
drum
relative
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US20150032433A1 (en
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Xing Sheng Li
Yong Sun
Hua Guo
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F17/50—
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
    • E21C25/10—Rods; Drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutting drum and to a method of designing a cutting drum.
  • drum type earth moving equipment such as continuous drum type miners
  • Such drum type earth moving equipment typically include a rotatable drum on which are disposed several cutting tools, for example cutting picks, that cut soft rock away from a target rock body during use as the drum rotates.
  • the cutting tools are distributed on the drum in a pattern referred to as a lacing design.
  • a method of designing a cutting drum for earth moving equipment comprising two or more ring segments, each ring segment comprising a plurality of cutting tools, and the rotational position of at least one ring segment being adjustable relative to one or more other ring segment and fixable in the new rotational position, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the method further comprises repeating steps (A) to (D) after the cutting drum has been used.
  • step (B) comprises virtually progressively rotating the or each adjustable ring segment relative to at least one other ring segment and calculating values associated with the design objective(s) after each virtual rotation.
  • step (C) comprises using the calculated values to determine the relative locations of the ring segments that correspond to the at least one design objective.
  • the design objective may be selected from a group comprising:
  • the design objective comprises optimisation of at least one operational value, for example optimisation of a force and/or torque balance of the cutting drum.
  • the method comprises using the computer simulated analysis to determine at least one cutting drum design parameter other than the relative locations of the ring segments, and modifying the at least one other cutting drum design parameter using the determined at least one operational value.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • a cutting drum for earth moving equipment comprising:
  • the ring segments comprise at least one fixed ring segment and at least one adjustable ring segment.
  • the cutting drum comprises a plurality of adjustable ring segments.
  • At least one adjustable ring segment is rotatable 360 degrees around a common axis relative to at least one other ring segment.
  • At least one of the ring segments is detachable.
  • the cutting drum comprises at least one position mark usable to indicate the relative angular position of at least one adjustable ring segment to a user.
  • each adjustable ring segment is disposable in a locked position wherein the adjustable ring segment engages with an adjacent fixed ring segment and the adjustable ring segment is not rotatable relative to the adjacent fixed ring segment, and a released position wherein the adjustable ring segment does not engage with the adjacent fixed ring segment and the adjustable ring segment is rotatable relative to the adjacent fixed ring segment.
  • the cutting drum comprises a shaft on which each ring segment is disposed, one of the shaft and a fixed ring segment including a key member, and the other of the shaft and the fixed ring segment including a channel arranged to slidably receive the key member, the key member and the channel cooperating to prevent rotation of the fixed ring segment whilst permitting slidable movement of the fixed ring member relative to the shaft.
  • Each adjustable ring segment and adjacent fixed ring segment may include complimentary first and second engagement portions arranged to enable the adjustable ring segment to mate with the adjacent fixed ring segment and thereby prevent rotation of the adjustable ring segment relative to the adjacent fixed ring segment.
  • the engagement portions include complimentary teeth.
  • the cutting tools comprise cutting picks, saws and/or drill bits.
  • a mining machine comprising a cutting drum according to the above second aspect of the present invention.
  • a method of cutting comprising using the cutting drum according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • a method of redesigning a cutting drum for earth moving equipment comprising two or more ring segments, each ring segment comprising a plurality of cutting tools, and the rotational position of at least one ring segment being adjustable relative to one or more other ring segment and fixable in the new rotational position, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a computing device arranged to carry out the method according to the first or fifth aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatic perspective views of several conventional cutting drums for use in a continuous miner, each cutting drum including a different lacing pattern;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a cutting drum in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic exploded perspective view of the cutting drum shown in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a rotatable ring segment of the cutting drum shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the results of a computer simulation of the relationship between maximum horizontal force acting on a new cutting drum and the angular position of a rotatable ring segment of the cutting drum relative to the positions of other ring segments of the cutting drum that are not rotated;
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the results of a computer simulation of the relationship between maximum horizontal force acting on a used drum and the angular position of a rotatable ring segment of the cutting drum relative to the positions of other ring segments of the cutting drum that are not rotated, after prolonged operation of the cutting drum;
  • FIG. 7 is a 3D graph illustrating the results of a computer simulation of the relationship between maximum horizontal force acting on a new cutting drum and the angular position of 2 rotatable ring segments of the cutting drum relative to the position(s) of one or more other ring segments of the cutting drum that are not rotated;
  • FIG. 8 is a lacing diagram illustrating a cutting tool design pattern indicative of the relative locations of cutting tools on a cutting drum
  • FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the results of a computer simulation of the relationship between the angular position of a rotatable ring segment of the cutting drum relative to the positions of other ring segments of the cutting drum that are not rotated, and each of torque, horizontal force and vertical force acting on a cutting drum having a lacing design according to the lacing diagram shown in FIG. 8 ;
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of designing a cutting drum in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a parameter gathering process of the method shown in FIG. 10 ;
  • FIG. 12 is a flow diagram illustrating a cutting drum performance simulation process of the method shown in FIG. 10 ;
  • FIG. 13 is a flow diagram illustrating a cutting drum modification process of the method shown in FIG. 10 , the cutting drum modification process carried out in response to the performance simulation process shown in FIG. 12 ;
  • FIG. 14 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of redesigning a cutting drum in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each cutting drum 10 a , 10 b , 10 c , 10 d is configured for a particular purpose and/or particular rock type.
  • the lacing patterns of cutting tools on the drums are designed so as to effect relieved cutting, wherein as the cutting drum rotates the cutting action of each cutting tool is facilitated by the cutting action of the tools that it follows, and similarly each cutting tool facilitates the cutting action of each tool that follows it.
  • each of the cutting drums 10 a , 10 b , 10 c , 10 d shown in FIG. 1 has a defined cutting tool lacing pattern that is fixed, in that in order to modify the lacing design of the cutting drum it is necessary to return the cutting drum 10 a , 10 b , 10 c , 10 d to the manufacturer. Modification of the cutting tool lacing pattern on site is not possible.
  • An alternative conventional cutting drum includes multiple ring segments, each ring segment comprising a plurality of cutting tools.
  • the rotational position of the ring segments are fixed relative to each other and it is not possible to readily modify the rotational position of one or more of the ring segments relative to the other ring segments.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 of the drawings a cutting drum 20 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • the cutting drum 20 includes a shaft 22 having an attached end ring 24 , a first fixed ring segment 26 disposed on the shaft 22 adjacent the end ring 24 , a rotatable ring segment 28 disposed on the shaft 22 adjacent the first ring segment 26 , and a second fixed ring segment 30 disposed on the shaft 22 adjacent the rotatable ring segment 28 .
  • the fixed and rotatable ring segments are held on the shaft 22 by the end ring 24 and a lock ring 32 disposed on the shaft adjacent the second fixed ring segment 30 .
  • the lock ring 32 may be fixed relative to the shaft 22 in any suitable way, in this example using lock bolts 44 .
  • Outwardly facing surfaces of the end ring 24 , the fixed ring segments 26 , 30 , the rotatable ring segment 28 and the lock ring 32 are provided with cutting tools, in this example cutting picks 46 , disposed on the surfaces in a defined lacing pattern.
  • cutting tools in this example cutting picks 46
  • each ring 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 has cutting picks disposed in a defined lacing pattern
  • the global lacing pattern of the complete cutting drum 20 may be modified by rotating the rotatable ring segment 28 on the shaft 22 relative to the fixed ring segments 26 , 30 .
  • each of the fixed ring segments 26 , 30 with a respective first engaging portion
  • providing the rotatable ring segment 28 with complimentary second engaging portions 54 are provided.
  • Each of the first engaging portions 50 , 52 is arranged to mate with a second engaging portion 54 so as to restrict relative rotational movement.
  • each of the first and second engaging portions comprises complimentary teeth.
  • a user loosens the lock bolts 44 and slides the lock ring 32 on the shaft 22 in a direction away from the end ring 24 .
  • the user slides the second fixed ring segment 30 and the rotatable ring segment 28 on the shaft 22 in a direction away from the end ring 24 until the engaging portions 50 , 52 , 54 disengage from each other, and rotates the ring segment 28 to the desired rotational position relative to the fixed ring segments 26 , 30 .
  • any other type of cutting tools are envisaged, such as saws and drill bits.
  • suitable picks, saws and drill bits are disclosed in WO 01/88322, page 1, lines 12 to page 2, line 10; page 2, line 11 to 30; and page 2, line 31 to page 3, line 28 respectively, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • While the present embodiment includes 2 ring segments, 1 of which is rotatable relative to the other ring segments, it will be appreciated that any number of fixed and rotatable ring segments are envisaged, the important aspect being that at least one ring segment is rotatable relative to the other ring segments so that the lacing design of the cutting drum is adjustable.
  • the adjustable ring segment is located centrally of the fixed ring segments, and such a symmetrical configuration serves to minimize the drum axial force.
  • the adjustable ring segments could as an alternative be located at any location on the cutting drum.
  • each adjustable ring segment may be rotatable at least 90 degrees, more preferably at least 180 degrees and most preferably at least 360 degrees around the longitudinal axis of the cutting drum.
  • the fixed and adjustable ring segments may be provided with position marks that are usable to indicate the relative angular positions of the rings to a user.
  • the cutting tool lacing pattern that will be used to define the respective locations of cutting tools on a new cutting drum is determined initially using conventional computer modelling programs.
  • plot 66 on the graph 64 the maximum horizontal torque varies with rotational position of the rotatable ring relative to the fixed rings, although it is clear that after the cutting drum has been used for a prolonged period, the variation in maximum force is different to the variation in maximum force of a new cutting drum represented in FIG. 5 .
  • the graph 60 in FIG. 5 may be used before the cutting drum is used, and the graph 64 in FIG. 6 may be used after the cutting drum has been used, to determine the appropriate rotational position of the adjustable ring to achieve this objective.
  • the configuration of the cutting drum would be modified using the information in FIG. 6 so as to move the rotatable ring segment to a location corresponding to a relative angle of about 200°. It will be appreciated that this adjustment can be carried out on-site.
  • FIG. 7 a graph 68 illustrating the results of a computer simulation of the relationship between maximum horizontal force acting on a new cutting drum for a particular lacing pattern of cutting tools, and for varying relative angles between 2 rotatable rings and one or more fixed rings, is shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 8 An example cutting tool design pattern 80 is shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the design pattern 80 includes a design pattern 82 , 84 for each respective rotatable and fixed ring segment of a proposed cutting drum.
  • the design pattern 80 shown in FIG. 8 also shows a representation of a shaft 86 on which the rotatable and fixed ring segments may be disposed.
  • the cutting tool design pattern 80 may be used to produce a cutting tool, and in particular may be used to indicate to a manufacturer the relative locations of cutting tools on the outwardly facing surface of a drum member.
  • an offset angle of about 208 degrees corresponds to minimal torque and vertical/horizontal forces.
  • FIG. 10 A flow diagram 100 illustrating steps 102 , 104 , 106 of a method of designing a cutting drum is shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the method involves first determining 102 drum design and operational parameters indicative of characteristics of the cutting drum, characteristics of the mining machine that is to include the cutting drum, and characteristics of the target rock body with which the cutting drum is to be used. Based on the determined parameters, one or more computer simulations are carried out 104 to determine variations in at least one value relevant to a selected objective for different positions of a rotatable ring segment relative to one or more fixed ring segments. Using the determined variations, a particular location of the rotatable ring segment relative to the at least one fixed ring segment is then selected and, after manufacture of the cutting drum, the rotatable ring segment is moved 106 to the selected relative location and fixed in position.
  • the computer simulations are carried out using cutting drum design software available through CSIRO at Queensland Advanced Technologies, 1 Technology Court, Pullenvale, Queensland, 4069, Australia.
  • other software adapted to implement the present functionality, may be used, for example software of the type described in Tiryaki B., Ayhan M. & Hekimoglu O. Z. 2001. A new Computer Program for Cutting Head Drum Design of Roadheaders nd Drum Shearers. 17 th International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey. 655-662.
  • any suitable operational objective may be used to form the basis of the computer simulations and the subsequent selection of relative position of the rotatable ring segment, such as minimizing energy conservation, maximizing throughput, maximizing dust suppression, and/or reducing tool wear.
  • the process in the present example involves inputting parameters 112 indicative of properties of cutting tools of a cutting drum into cutting drum simulation software, such as the diameter, attack angle and gauge length of the cutting tools, and force formulae associated with the cutting tools; inputting parameters 114 indicative of properties of the cutting drum, such as drum width and diameter, the number of cutting tools, cutting tool line spacing, cutting tool angular position, cutting tool tilt angle and cutting tool profile; and inputting the number of adjustable and fixed ring segments, and the relative of the adjustable ring segments.
  • the process in the present example involves using simulation software to calculate 132 forces acting on cutting tools and variances in the forces during a cutting cycle, calculate 134 active cutting tools and variances during a cutting cycle, calculate 136 drum reactive forces in 3 mutually orthogonal directions and variances in the reactive forces during a cutting cycle, and calculate 138 drum reactive torque and variations during a cutting cycle.
  • the simulation process also involves selecting 140 one or more operational objectives, setting initial relative virtual positions 142 of all ring segments of the cutting drum, virtually rotating an adjustable ring segment relative to the fixed ring segments, and at each adjustable ring position calculate one or more values associated with the selected operational objective.
  • the calculated values can be presented to a user in graphical form, for example of the form shown in FIG. 5 for a cutting drum having 1 rotatable ring segment, or of the form shown in FIG. 7 for a cutting drum having 2 rotatable ring segments.
  • a table may be used to represent the calculated values for different relative positions of one or more rotatable ring segments.
  • the selected operational objective may correspond to an optimisation objective, for example maximising throughput.
  • An example process for applying the determined cutting drum modification is shown in more detail in flow diagram 150 shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the process involves using the calculated values 152 , and in particular using the graphical representations of the values, to determine the relative rotational positions of the or each rotatable ring segment relative to the fixed ring segment(s) that correspond the selected objective.
  • each relevant ring segment is moved 154 to the location corresponding to the position determined by the simulation.
  • a cutting drum is produced that has defined characteristics tailored to one or more particular operational objectives.
  • the design process enables an initial lacing design, which is typically created through a mixture of experience and computer modelling, to be further optimised through conveniently rotating at least one ring segment of the cutting drum relative to the other segment(s).
  • a control system may be provided that is programmed into two or more operational modes corresponding to different cutting tool design lacing patterns.
  • the operating modes may correspond to different performance/design objectives, e.g. energy efficient mode; increase throughput mode; and cutting tool wear minimisation mode.
  • the control system may be used to semi-automatically or automatically adjust cutting tool lacing of the cutting drum.
  • a cutting drum designed according to the present cutting drum design method has operational parameters that are significantly improved over a conventionally designed cutting drum.
  • Table 1 illustrates differences in operational parameters between a cutting drum designed according to the present method and a cutting drum designed using a conventional method.
  • the operational characteristics of the cutting drum will change, primarily because the physical characteristics of the cutting drum change, for example because the cutting tools become progressively worn through prolonged use.
  • An example cutting drum redesigning method 160 is shown in FIG. 14 .
  • the redesigning method 160 is similar to the designing method represented in FIGS. 10 to 13 in that computer software is used to analyse performance characteristics of a cutting drum, and in response to the analysis, one or more adjustable ring segments are rotated to a position corresponding to a desired cutting drum performance. However, the redesigning method occurs after instead of before the cutting drum has been used.
  • the redesigning method 160 is implemented after a cutting drum has been used for a prolonged period and the operational characteristics of the cutting drum have changed, for example because the cutting tools have worn.
  • the objective is to restructure the lacing pattern of the cutting drum after the drum has been used for a prolonged period of time in order to achieve a particular operational objective, for example to optimise at least one operational parameter.
  • the redesigning method 160 involves inputting parameters 162 indicative of current properties of the cutting tools of the cutting drum into cutting drum simulation software, such as the diameter, attack angle and gauge length of the cutting tools, which may have changed through use of the cutting tool, inputting any changed parameters 164 associated with the target rock body, such as UCS, BTS, CERCHAR abrasivity index and breakout angle, and inputting changed operational parameters 166 associated with the machine with which the cutting drum is being used, such as linear advance speed, cut sector, cutting mode, cutting width and drum rotation speed.
  • parameters 162 indicative of current properties of the cutting tools of the cutting drum into cutting drum simulation software, such as the diameter, attack angle and gauge length of the cutting tools, which may have changed through use of the cutting tool
  • any changed parameters 164 associated with the target rock body such as UCS, BTS, CERCHAR abrasivity index and breakout angle
  • changed operational parameters 166 associated with the machine with which the cutting drum is being used, such as linear advance speed, cut sector, cutting mode, cutting width and drum rotation speed.
  • the redesigning method 160 then involves using the simulation software to calculate 168 forces acting on the current cutting tools and variances in the forces during a cutting cycle, calculate 170 active cutting tools and variances during a cutting cycle, calculate 172 drum reactive forces in 3 mutually orthogonal directions, and calculate drum reactive torque 174 and variances in the reactive forces and torque during a cutting cycle.
  • the redesigning method 160 then involves setting initial relative virtual positions of all ring segments of the current cutting drum, virtually rotating the adjustable ring segment relative to the fixed ring segments, and at each adjustable ring position calculate one or more values associated with the operational objective.
  • the calculated values can be presented to a user in graphical form, for example of the form shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the rotational positions of the or each rotatable ring segment relative to the fixed ring segment(s) that correspond the selected objective are determined 180 , and each relevant ring segment is then moved 182 to the rotational position determined by the simulation.
  • cutting drums and method of designing a cutting drum described above are suitable for any type of earth moving equipment including continuous miners and surface miners. Such earth moving equipment find application in a broad array of industries including mining and road construction industries wherein cutting drums are used to excavate or redistribute earth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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US14/381,731 2012-03-01 2012-09-26 Cutting drum and method of designing a cutting drum Active 2036-04-29 US10366177B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2012900801A AU2012900801A0 (en) 2012-03-01 Improved Cutting Drum
AU2012900801 2012-03-01
PCT/AU2012/001166 WO2013126944A1 (en) 2012-03-01 2012-09-26 A cutting drum and method of designing a cutting drum

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US10366177B2 true US10366177B2 (en) 2019-07-30

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EP (1) EP2820242B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN104271883B (pl)
AU (1) AU2012371537B2 (pl)
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US20150083275A1 (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-03-26 New River Equipment Corp. Cutting shaft for vertical stump grinder
WO2016015020A1 (en) * 2014-07-25 2016-01-28 Novatek Ip, Llc Block capable of supporting multiple picks
ZA201602339B (en) * 2015-04-09 2018-12-19 Joy Mm Delaware Inc System and method of detecting dull and worn cutter bits
US9850755B2 (en) 2015-07-10 2017-12-26 Joy Mm Delaware, Inc. Bit configuration for a cutter head
CN106869923A (zh) * 2017-03-28 2017-06-20 湖南科技大学 叠装式可变宽度采煤滚筒
US10773352B2 (en) 2017-06-05 2020-09-15 Joy Global Underground Mining Llc System and method for determining efficiency of an industrial machine
CN109025988A (zh) * 2018-08-28 2018-12-18 辽宁工程技术大学 一种新型可拆卸连续采煤机滚筒
DE102018221582A1 (de) 2018-12-13 2020-06-18 Siltronic Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Halbleiterscheibe und Halbleiterscheibe
CN110216405A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2019-09-10 山西能源学院 截割滚筒集成化制造系统
US10982397B2 (en) * 2019-06-12 2021-04-20 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Milling rotor
DE102019214626A1 (de) * 2019-09-25 2020-09-24 Thyssenkrupp Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Optimierung von Abbauvorgängen sowie Verwendung und Computerprogrammprodukt
CN114718560A (zh) * 2022-03-08 2022-07-08 天地(榆林)开采工程技术有限公司 综采工作面采煤控制方法及装置

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EP2820242A1 (en) 2015-01-07
WO2013126944A1 (en) 2013-09-06
EP2820242A4 (en) 2015-12-09
CN104271883B (zh) 2017-03-08
CN104271883A (zh) 2015-01-07
EP2820242B1 (en) 2020-08-12
AU2012371537B2 (en) 2017-02-09
AU2012371537A1 (en) 2014-10-02
US20150032433A1 (en) 2015-01-29
PL2820242T3 (pl) 2021-01-25

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