US1263473A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

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terrors a. sonnntnnaor onrrron nrncrnrceonran'v, a co la i MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR 'TU GENERT RIIPOMt'JlJEUN OlE NEW YRK.`

ELASTJIC-IFLUID TURJBIINJE.

v Specification of Letters Patent.

patented api. as, raie.

.application nled September 25, 1917. Serial No. 193.20%. l

- bucket heights .in the last stages become very high relative to the pitchdiameter of the wheels due to the high'specilic power met with lin such stages. 'lhe ed'ect of this is iirst to make the spacing ont the -bucketslarge at their outer endsand small at their roots,

and second to make the linear velocity of the buckets much greater at their outer ends till - impulse blad than at their roots. rll`he eilectv of this is to decrease the efficiency of such wheels, since for any particular elastic duid pressure and velocity there is a corresponding bucket spacing and wheelvelocity which gives the highest efficiency. lt, therefore, the buckets are correctly spaced and have the desired velocity at their central portions, for example, then lthey are too close together and `do not have suilicient velocity at their roots and are spaced too farapart and have too great a velocity at their outer ends. f

The object of the `present inventioii is to'- `remedy these defectsto a great entent and t0 provide a bucket wheel and` turbine struc' ture whiehwill give a. better ediciene than heretofore. 'lo this end l provide a bucket wheel having two or more concentric rings or blades, the outer ring or rings being reaction buckets or blades and the inner ring or rings being reaction buckets or blades having a lesser degree of reaction than the or even being impulse buckets or blades. ln thisconnection it is pointed out that it is well-known that a re. action blading may be constructed with various degrees ot reaction in the moving guides or blade rings. The gr sure dropl in such moving guides or rings and the greater the necessary peripheral speed for a given pressure drop through the stationary and movin guideeor blade rings. as this reaction in thefjmogblade i. y approaches aero, such blade approa es., ln other wo s the i lcome since theblading ent instance the indicates the tor the blade rings shown. llt has a set of eater the` amount of reactiomthe greater 1s the presof blades may be spaced separately; and the.

second ditiiculty is to a great extent overdegree oi speed, which as pointed out sired arrangement.

ln the drawing which illustrates my invention, Figure part of a turbine rotor and the adjacent cooperating stationary member; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of a ring oit blading, and Fig. 3 is a top plan view ot liig. 2 with the outer bucket cover omitted. :terring to the drawing 5 indicates a turbine rotor, here shown in the form of a wheel. 0n its periphery is mounted a blading comprising two concentric' rings or blades, the inner one 6 being bladinghaving one bein blading having a eater de ee of reacteion. ln the first insnce` the lrading may have zero reaction and hence the impulse blading. They may be joined together in any suitable manner. ln the presblades 6 are fastened in a slot 8 'in the rim of the rotor in a wellknown manner, and they are provided with afcover 9 in which is cut a slot 10 for the reception of the bases of the ring of, blades 7. The ring of blades 7 may be provided with a suita le cover, as indicated at 11. 12 coperating stationary member above is the dedlrectingvanes or nozzles 13 for thering of blades 7, and a second set 1t for the ring of blades 6.. They are separated by a suitable partition 15 in line with the blade cover 9. Between adjacent stationary and moving parts, as between members l1 and 12,- there is a very small clearance to prevent leakage as mitch as possible. 'lhismay be an axial clearance as shown ora radial Y having the greatestl reaction w1ll have the greatest` l is a sectional view of a degree of reaction and the outer one 7,

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iva-f ;g.fone, whichever suits the picular. term et ,.eonstruction best; also close clearances or suitable pac lized at other points to prevent leakage as found desirable.

The two rings of blading 6 and 7 are separately assembled, and, as -is clear from an inspection of Figs. 2 and 3, the blades 6 are spaced in the most advantageousmanner as are also the blades 7. It will also be clear that the blading" 7 willhave a 'greater peripheral speed than the blading 6 which is the desired' arrangement, 'as already eX- plained. i

In accordance withy the provisions of the patent statutes, Ihave described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and' that the invention can be carried out by other means. y

What I claim 'as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. Aturbine rotor having a blading thereon comprising two concentric blade rings the radially inner one having a lesser degree of reaction than the outer one.v

2. A turbine rotor having a blading thereon comprising two concentric blade rings, the radiallyinner one being made up 0f impulse blades, and the radially outer one of reaction blades.

3. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a rotor, a ring of im ulse blading thereon, a cover for such bladlng, a -ring of reaction blading carried by said cover, and means for supplying elastic luid tol said rings of bladings.

y 4. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combinavtion of a rotor, a ring of reaction blading thereon, a cover for such blading, a ring of reaction blading carried by said cover having a higher degree of reaction than the first ring, and means for supplyingA elastic uid to said rings of bladings..

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of September, 1917.

CHRISTOPHER A. soHELLENs.

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