US1284848A - Spark-plug. - Google Patents

Description

Patefitd Nov. 12, 191a E llllllll Er-25m I "wen/Tor? monmsrs A. A. ZALONDEK.

SPARK PLUG.

- APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13 I913- v WITNESSES W5 aifaw iiasaeiag cially vice ln0]l){ rative, and to strumental ANTONE A B'En'r ZALONDEK, or CAPITOL HILL, OKLAHOMA.

SPARK-PLUG.

Specification of Lettersjratent.

a Application filed February 13,1913. Serial No. 748,185.

To all whomrit may concern:

'35s it known that I, ANTONE A. ZALONDEK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident ofllapitol Hill, in the county ofOklahoma and State of Oklahoma, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spark- Plugs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to sparkplugs, a

device used in connection with internal combustion engines, and which, while'in use, is subjected to the most severe taxation, espefrom excessive heat, carbon corrosion, and whichunder the excessive heat will break the material necessary for insulation.

To this end,'th erefore, an object of the invention is to provide means for preventing the heat from reaching the insulation, to also prevent the carbon from rendering the delengthen the life of the spar creating medium.

.In connection with such object, an important object of the invention 'is to provide an elongated or extended dead-air chamber, in connection with a spark plug, that will be inin preventing the exploded charge from reaching to the plug insulation. Oils and greases have a tendency to shortcircuit'the plug, rendering the same inoperative, andvthese substances usually are shot against the plug during explosions, and to this end the. said vacuum-chamber will prevent the oil and grease from being thrown to Other important objects of the invention will appear from a further reading of the following specification.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side view of the improved sparkplug,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section, and

33 and 4.-4 respectively of Fig. 2. :The present embodiment of the invention comprises a tubular casing 1 of' conducting material having its lower end. externally threaded at 2, for engagingan opening in the cylinder of the engine,'and just, above the threaded portion the casing has an external surface 3, which is polygonal in cross section for the engagement of a wrench or the like to remove or insert the lug.

. This tubular casing l is of suihcient length to insure a substantial column of air under ressure, so that a cushion is formed against which the explosion makes impact, thus pre- Figs. 3 and 4 are sections on-the line s venting the heated charge from reaching to the'main and insulated portion of the'spark plug, and what may be said of the explosion, is l kewise true of the oil and grease and such other elements, such ascarbon, as wouldnaturally be forced to the plug under ex-l plosions, where a cushion chamber is not employed.

The upper end of the plug is enlarged both internally and externally to form in ternal and external annular shoulders 3 and 4. Just above the shoulder 3, the plug "is internally recessed to form an internal annular shoulder 5, and the said plug is internally threaded as shown at 6 at the upper end of the recess.

A rod 7 of conducting material is arranged at the axis of the casing 1, and the saidgrod extends from the lower end of the said'ca's ing to beyond the upper end thereof. At its lower end the rod is provided with an angular lug 8 which extends radially of the casing and slightly upward as shown in Fig: 2 and into proximity to the inner surface of the casing. i I

The rod is insulated from thecasing by. means of a cylindrical plug 9 of porcelain or the like, the said plug having an external annular shoulder 10, intermediate its endswhich engages the shoulder 5 to limit the inward movement of the plug with respect to the casing. A acking nut 11 is threaded into v the casing at the upper endjto hold the plug in place, the said packing nut having a flange 12 externally corrugated to facilitatethe turning of the nut.

The plug has a central bore 13 through which the rod 7 extends and at the lower end of the plug the bore is enlarged as shown at 14, and shoulders 15 and 16 are formed at the junction of the'enlarged portion with the main portion of the bore.

The rod is provided with annular ribs 17 and 18, the former fitting against the shoulder 15, and the latter against the shoulder 16, and the said ribs limit the upward movement of the rod with respect to the plug. It will be noticed that the rod is threaded above the rib 18 and the upper end of the plug 9 is reduced, and the reduced portion is engaged by a metallic fitting 19 in theusual manner.

vided, for clamping the terminal 21 of the cable 22 that connects the {11mg with the source-of electrical energy between the said nuts and the metallic fitting 19, before mentioned.

A packing 23 is arranged on opposite sides of the shoulder 10 between the shoulder 5 and the inner end of the packing nut 11. The said acking bears against the shoulder 10 in oth dlrecticns so that the said shoulder is engaged neither by the metallic shoulder 5 nor by the metallic inner end of the packingnut.

It will be noted that the tubular casing 1 extends a considerable distance below the lower end of the plug 9, and that the wall of that portion of the casing below the ribs 3 and 4 is very thin. In the ordinary construction of spark plug, the lower end of the tubular casing is adjacent to the lower end of the insulating plug and the spark gap is adjacent to the said lower end of the plug. y

In the present construction the spark gap is spaced apart from the end of the plug.

- By this construction'a dead air chamber 1s provided between the spark and the insulat: ing plug, wherein there is no combustion, and by this arrangement the only heat that reaches the insulation is due to the conduction. Since'the greater portion of the easing 1 is in the open air, the casing will be cooled by the circulation of air so that but a very slight amount of heat will be imparted to the insulating plug.

The plug is thus protectedfrom heat and from carbon deposits. As is known, the

-most destructive element that acts upon the spark plug is the heat of the explosion. The insulation is overheated and as it cools or as it becomes heated it is very liable to crack, and the spark plug may be short circuited from. a crack that is not visible on the outside. With the present construction, the insulation is removed from the heated engine and is so placed that a free circulation of air may take place around the same.

It will be evident that with a plug conaccount of the thinness of that port on of.

the wall of the tubular casing between the engine and the insulation but a slight amount of heat will be conducted to the insulation by conduction. The air. that.cir-. culates around the outside of the tubular.

casing will receive the greater portion of the heat of conduction beforeit reaches the insulation.

A spark-plug, including an insulating plug, a casing containing said plug, an elongated rod or electrode extending longitudinally through said casing with its lower end terminating at the lower end of said casing, the lower terminals. of said insulating plug and rod being remotely spaced apart, means for sealing said plug within said casing, said casing having an elongated dead-air chamber therein between the plug and its attaching end, the walls of the deadair chamber of said casing being thinned or attenuated whereby the heat of conduction resulting from the sparking action will be neutralized by the outside cold air, and thus bile prevented from reaching the insulating p u ANTONE ALBERT ZALONDEK.

itnesses:

H. B. WELLES, H. L. KORIE.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the commissioner otl'at'ente, Washington, D. 03f

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