US1365671A - Filling material for reaction-spaces - Google Patents

Filling material for reaction-spaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US1365671A
US1365671A US224399A US22439918A US1365671A US 1365671 A US1365671 A US 1365671A US 224399 A US224399 A US 224399A US 22439918 A US22439918 A US 22439918A US 1365671 A US1365671 A US 1365671A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
block
gases
vane
spaces
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Expired - Lifetime
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US224399A
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English (en)
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Andrew M Fairlie
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Individual
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Priority to US224399A priority Critical patent/US1365671A/en
Priority to GB19919/20A priority patent/GB147867A/en
Priority to FR525905A priority patent/FR525905A/fr
Priority to DE1920349082D priority patent/DE349082C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1365671A publication Critical patent/US1365671A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/3023—Triangle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/3023—Triangle
    • B01J2219/30234—Hexagon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/30246—Square or square-derived
    • B01J2219/30249—Cube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/30246—Square or square-derived
    • B01J2219/30253—Pyramid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/30416—Ceramic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/72—Packing elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel filling material, suitable for use as the packing of. Glover towers, (iay-Lussac towers and other reaction spaces, particularly those in which it is desired to bring a gas into intimate contact with flowing liquid in a spreadout condition.
  • Figure 1 is shown a hollow block of hexagonal cross section, alternate s1des of the block being left open.
  • Fig. 2 1s shown a pro ect1on of the device shown in F 1g. 1, looking from the right of Flg. 1.
  • Flg. 3 In Flg. 3
  • Fig. 4 I have shown the helical flange or vane and central post or pillar, forming the vane of such a device as is shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, this vane being shown as removed from the walls of the block, and lying on its side.
  • Fig 5 is a top plan view of the device illustrated in Figs. 1, and 2 or 3. This figure also shows radial scoring 10 which may be employed if desired.
  • Fig. 6 is asection of the device shown in Fig. 5, taken on the line 66, with the helical vane removed from the block. The major portion of this figure accordingly shows the inner wall of the sides of ablock without the vane therein.
  • FIG. 7 I have shown the preferred method of assembling such blocks as are ill'ustratedin Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 8 I have shown the preferred method of assembling such blocks as are ill'ustratedin Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 9 I have illustrated a method of as semblingblocks somewhat similar to those shown in Fig. 7, these blocks, however, being ma'de'each in two pieces, these pieces being trapezoidal in cross section 'and two of these pieces forming a block of regular-hexagonal cross section. '(This feature. is more Specification of Letters Patent. Pate t d J 18 1921 Application filed March 23, 1918. I
  • Fig. 14 I have shown a plan view of a unit consisting of a single piece or structure which constitutes the equivalent of four square blocks, with four helical vanes therein with longitudinal scoring 20 thereupon, this device being molded in one piece.
  • Fig. 15 shows a halfhexagonal block, with the vane molded integral therewith, this being a plan view corresponding to the lowermost half-hexagonal block shown in Fig. 9.
  • Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 4, of a helical vane for a hexagonal block, having no central post or pillar. The vane is in this case preferably of a sufficient width to come to or even to pass the center line of the block, so as not to leave any straight-flow passage extending through the length of the block.
  • Fig. 17 is a plan View of a block illustrating another modification, and Fig. 18 is a central section thereof taken on the line 18-18 of Fig. 17.
  • each complete block comprises a hollow body 1, for example in the shape of a hexagon, triangle or square, preferably of regular shape, so that the blocks can be readily fitted together without leaving voids therebetween, and within this hollow bod is located a helical vane or flange 2, carrie by a central post or pillar 3,
  • each blocks be constructed with some open sides and some closed sides.
  • the sides 4 are closed, and the sides 5 are open, and each open side of one block is fitted against a closed side of another block, so that one closed side wallserves as the side wall for each of two blocks, the blocks accordingly being of lighter weight than would be the case if all of the sides were closed, and there is a certain amount of additional reaction space provided in the tower filled with these blocks, and the space is more irregular in shape.
  • the helical vane may be removable from the hollow block,.
  • Fig. 6 shows the interior of the hexagonal block of Fig. 3 (solid walls, which block is also shown in plan view in Fig. 5) and Fig. 6 also shows, on the interior face of the wall, vertical scoring or roughening indicated at 17, or helical scoring shown at 18.
  • the heavy line 13 represents the top edge of the vane
  • the dotted line 16 represents the lower edge of the vane.
  • the device shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, comprises a vane having one complete turn and a half.
  • Fig.. 5 also shows radial scoring 10 on the vane.
  • each hexagonal block being made in two pieces capable of being fitted together on the horizontal division lines in Fig. 9 and the vertical division lines in Fig. 10.
  • hexagonal blocks are represented. These are indicated at 19, and half-hexagonal blocks 20 are rep: resented, to complete certain tiers or layers of the blocks. It is understood that the blocks of the bottom layer rest upon a grating or support 21, and any suitable number of layers may be placed thereupon, for instance four layers as shown.- Above the up-- permostlayer, another grating or grid work 22 may be provided for supporting additional layers of filling blocks. It is asumed in Fig. 12 that blocks without open sides are used, and that these blocks are viewed fromthe right as shown in Fig. 3, that is to say, looking in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 3.. The heavy vertical lines in Fig.
  • each block of a higher course may be superposed exactly on a block of similar shape and size in the course next below, this practice being continued indefinitely, from the bottom course as high up as desired, thus forming, when all courses are laid, many columns, each adjacent and contiguous to other similar columns on every side, each column equipped with an internal helical flange throughout its entire height. In these the direction of the vanes may alternate at intervals.
  • Fig. 13 I have shown a horizontal gas flue through which the gases pass in the direction of the arrow. This is provided with vertical layers or tiers of square blocks, ly-
  • vertical slats 23 are provided for acting as supports. These are secured to the top 24 and bottom 25 of the horizontal fine, in any suitable manner, and spaces of course are left between the slats, for the entry of gases into the blocks.
  • the blocks are shown as being provided with open sides, and as represented, the blocks of the first tier have their vanes turning toward the right, those of the second tier have their vanes turning toward the left and those of the third tier have their vanes turning toward the right.
  • the blocks are also shown as being in staggered relation, half-blocks being shown at the top and bottom of the first and third tiers. It is understood that the blocks next behind, and the blocks next in front of, those shown in Fig. 13 will have their open sides up and down, so that closed sides thereof will close the spaces appearing in the sides of the blocks in Fig. 13.
  • the invention is not restricted thereto, but the blocks, or the filling material produced by constructing layers of these blocks may be conveniently employed in other tower structures, or other spaces in which liquids and gases come into contact with each other, for the purpose of cooling, condensing, drying, moistening or absorbing all or a portion of the gases, or in'a general way for bringing gases and liquids into .contact with each other for efiecting any desired treatment of the gases or liquids or both.
  • These blocks may also be used for filling reaction spaces in which no liquid is intromore or less zig-zag or devious course through the interstices of the packing ma terial, but in most of the devices heretofore employed, the units or blocks were placed in the tower more or less at random, so that the gases and liquids are not obliged to take any definite course through the tower, and the contact of the ases and liquids, in the de,
  • a sufiicient number of blocks are fitted together to form a layer or tier, resting on a suitable horizontal grid or grating, anotherlayer or tier is then formed resting on top of this bottom layer, and a third layer rests on the second, and so on until a sufficient number of layers or tiers have been put in to fill the entire height of the tower, or so much thereof as may be necessary.
  • Each of these layers or tiers would in that case be horizontal or substantially so.
  • grids may be inserted at intervals, to support the weight of the blocks, and more or less space may be left just below each grid.
  • the successive tiers or layers may be vertical instead of horizontal, or in other forms of apparatus the successive tiers may be inclined, this de- "pending of course upon the particular struc ture of apparatus or reaction space in which the blocks are to be employed.
  • the blocks may be made of any suitable material, it of course being obvious that the blocks will be made of a material which is resistant to chemical action of the gases and liquids to be contacted with each other in the presence of such blocks.
  • 1 surface of the helical vane, or any one or more of these surfaces may be, at the time of molding or subsequently, roughened or scored, instead of being smooth, for the purpose of causing eddy currents and producing a more effective mixing of the gases and liquids under treatment.
  • the inside and outside of the side walls of the blocks may have vertical or preferably spiral grooves or corrugations upon their surfaces, to induce the flow of liquids down the side walls as well as down the surface of the vanes. In some instances it is advisable to construct the vanes with radial scores, thereby producing a structure somewhat similar to a winding stairway, this being illustrated in the right-hand block in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 17,1 have shown a plan view of a section thereof taken on the line 18-18 of Fig. .17.
  • the heavy radial line 13 is the top edge of the vane
  • the radial lines 14 represent the edges of the several steps, over the upper surface of which the liquid flows in a downward direction and against both'surfaces (upper and lower) of which the gases come into contact to be thoroughly mixed during their upward passage through the block.
  • the gases can flow horizontally through the blocks, or the blocks can be turned 90 for vertical flow.
  • the vane is so constructed as not to leave any straight-flow passages through i or more units to a cluster, without departing from the spirit of this invention.
  • the posts 3 may sometimes be omitted.
  • the length of the blocks may be either greater or less than, or the same as, the width or diameter, the proportion of length to width being a non-essential feature of this invention.
  • the entire interior of the tower is built into a mass of uniform cells, like a honeycomb, systematically, and. there is no haphazard arrangement of' the packing units.
  • each hexagonal block By omitting three alternate sides of each hexagonal block, a large percentage of the material required for each block can be saved, and greater efficiency can be obtained from the surfaces of each block, both the interior and exterior surfaces being utilized.
  • hexagonal blocks present a maximum of free space and of condensation surface.
  • a filling material for reaction spaces, towers and the like comprising units capable of being fitted against each other without leaving voids of substantial size therebetween, such units being hollow and bein provided interiorly with helical vanes su stantially filling the entire cross section thereof.
  • a filling for reaction spaces, towers and the like comprising units capable of being fitted a ainst each other without leaving voids of substantial size therebetween, such units being hollow and being provided interiorly with helical vanes havin central pillars, such vanes and pillars lling the entire cross section of the hollow interiors of such units, and. such helical vanes each embracing at least one complete turn.
  • a hollow block open at both ends, suitable for filling reaction spaces, such block having in its interior a hollow space, a post carrying a helical vanecom letely filling the cross section of the hollow interior thereof, the said vane embracing at least one complete turn.
  • a regular-polygonal hollow body alternate sides being left open whereby aside wall to one body can serve to stop the open side of an adjacent body, said body being further provided interiorly with a helical vane which completely fills the cross sectional area of said hollow body.
  • a filling block for gas and liquid coneeann flange is located, and whereby no straight.
  • block being open at both its ends, and being provided with a helical vane or flange of a suliieient width to substantially fill the interior cross section of said block, so that no straight-line passage is left through said block.
  • a hollow body of acid-resistant material suitable for use as filling for reaction towers, such body being regular-polygonal in cross section, and having a portion of its sides left open, such body being capable of fittin against other bodies of similar size and s ape without leaving voids or passages of substantial size therebetween, and the open sides of a particular body being capable of fitting against the closed sides of such other bodies, whereby one side wall serves to fill the s ace between the open hollow interiors 0 two such adjacent hollow bodies.
  • a structure for the treatment of gases throu which the ases and vapors flow a plura ity of tiers of blocks, such'tiers being arranged substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gases and vapors through such passage, the blocks of each tier being staggered with respect to the blocks in the next preceding and succeeding tiers, such blocks being polygonal in cross section and each of such blocks fitting against others without leaving spaces of substantial size and vapors comprising an elongated passage therebetween, each of such blocks having a portion of its sides left open.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
US224399A 1918-03-23 1918-03-23 Filling material for reaction-spaces Expired - Lifetime US1365671A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US224399A US1365671A (en) 1918-03-23 1918-03-23 Filling material for reaction-spaces
GB19919/20A GB147867A (en) 1918-03-23 1920-07-09 Filling material for reaction spaces
FR525905A FR525905A (fr) 1918-03-23 1920-07-10 Appareil destiné au filtrage des vins ou liquides, dit "samuel gasquet"
DE1920349082D DE349082C (de) 1918-03-23 1920-07-11 Fuellung fuer Reaktions- und Absorptionsraeume u. dgl.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US224399A US1365671A (en) 1918-03-23 1918-03-23 Filling material for reaction-spaces

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US1365671A true US1365671A (en) 1921-01-18

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DE (1) DE349082C (fr)
FR (1) FR525905A (fr)
GB (1) GB147867A (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542681A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-02-20 Kinney Eng Inc S P Gas washer
US2594585A (en) * 1946-10-31 1952-04-29 Pan American Refining Corp Fractionating apparatus
US4275019A (en) * 1978-06-12 1981-06-23 Przedsiebiorstwo Wdrazania I Upowszechniania Postepu Technicznego I Organizacyjnego "Posteor" A modular heaping-type packing element
WO1983001015A1 (fr) * 1981-09-18 1983-03-31 Glen, John, D. Elements ameliores de garniture
US4487727A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-12-11 Ballato Jr Joseph F Packing material for contacting towers
US4490310A (en) * 1981-07-29 1984-12-25 Biuro Projektow I Realizacji Inwestycji Przemyslu Syntezy Chemicznej "Prosynchem" Process for contacting gas and liquid as well as packing for the application of this process
US4806288A (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-02-21 Nowosinski George B Packing elements
DE19949689A1 (de) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-19 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerk Gmbh Füllkörperblock
US6699562B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2004-03-02 Saint-Gobain Corporation Ceramic packing element
US20040166284A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-08-26 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Ceramic packing element for mass transfer applications
US20040170804A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-09-02 Niknafs Hassan S. Ceramic packing element with enlarged fluid flow passages
CN104971684A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-10-14 苏州市科迪石化工程有限公司 一种六角形双层阶梯环填料
US9815011B2 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-11-14 Orient Service Co., Ltd. Dust filter mounted in semiconductor waste gas treatment equipment
RU2664878C1 (ru) * 2017-07-07 2018-08-23 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Скруббер с подвижной насадкой
US20200376413A1 (en) * 2015-12-31 2020-12-03 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1017595B (de) * 1955-01-03 1957-10-17 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von schuettbaren, als Filtermaterial dienenden Koerpern
DE4032234A1 (de) * 1990-10-11 1992-04-16 Kottwitz Max Anton Dipl Ing Di Filtervorrichtung zur gasreinigung

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542681A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-02-20 Kinney Eng Inc S P Gas washer
US2594585A (en) * 1946-10-31 1952-04-29 Pan American Refining Corp Fractionating apparatus
US4275019A (en) * 1978-06-12 1981-06-23 Przedsiebiorstwo Wdrazania I Upowszechniania Postepu Technicznego I Organizacyjnego "Posteor" A modular heaping-type packing element
US4487727A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-12-11 Ballato Jr Joseph F Packing material for contacting towers
US4490310A (en) * 1981-07-29 1984-12-25 Biuro Projektow I Realizacji Inwestycji Przemyslu Syntezy Chemicznej "Prosynchem" Process for contacting gas and liquid as well as packing for the application of this process
WO1983001015A1 (fr) * 1981-09-18 1983-03-31 Glen, John, D. Elements ameliores de garniture
US4554114A (en) * 1981-09-18 1985-11-19 Telpac Company Limited Packing element and method using same
US4806288A (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-02-21 Nowosinski George B Packing elements
DE19949689A1 (de) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-19 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerk Gmbh Füllkörperblock
US6699562B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2004-03-02 Saint-Gobain Corporation Ceramic packing element
US20040166284A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-08-26 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Ceramic packing element for mass transfer applications
US20040170804A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-09-02 Niknafs Hassan S. Ceramic packing element with enlarged fluid flow passages
US6889963B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2005-05-10 Saint-Gobain Norpro Corporation Ceramic packing element
CN104971684A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-10-14 苏州市科迪石化工程有限公司 一种六角形双层阶梯环填料
US9815011B2 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-11-14 Orient Service Co., Ltd. Dust filter mounted in semiconductor waste gas treatment equipment
US20200376413A1 (en) * 2015-12-31 2020-12-03 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use
RU2664878C1 (ru) * 2017-07-07 2018-08-23 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Скруббер с подвижной насадкой

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE349082C (de) 1922-02-23
GB147867A (en) 1921-07-14
FR525905A (fr) 1921-09-29

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