US1462593A - Hollow building tile - Google Patents

Hollow building tile Download PDF

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Publication number
US1462593A
US1462593A US452533A US45253321A US1462593A US 1462593 A US1462593 A US 1462593A US 452533 A US452533 A US 452533A US 45253321 A US45253321 A US 45253321A US 1462593 A US1462593 A US 1462593A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
hollow
laid
construction
cross
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Expired - Lifetime
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US452533A
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English (en)
Inventor
Berkes Ernst Philipp
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR526462A priority Critical patent/FR526462A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US452533A priority patent/US1462593A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1462593A publication Critical patent/US1462593A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/08—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units assembled of block-shaped elements, e.g. hollow stones
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/44—Floors composed of stones, mortar, and reinforcing elements

Definitions

  • the subject matter of this invention is a hollow block for the construction of unsupported ceilings, pillars, stairs, cover plates, window frames and the like, also a process for the construction of ceilings from such hollow blocks or tile.
  • the essential feature of the improvement lies in the fact that the hollow block is of triangular cross sections and has two other points bevelled off while the point is provided with an extended hollow flute shaped projection.
  • the hollow flute may extend towards the end of the projection where it may be provided with a low edge.
  • the stone may also be so constructed that only one angle is bevelled off, while the two others are constructed to form a hollow flute shaped projection.
  • the side faces of the stone may be straight, curved inwards or bent. They may also be provided with grooves for mortar or be corrugated.
  • This form of stone can be put to manifold uses and.by means thereof reinforced ceilings, or even ceilings with concrete ribs, as well as pillars, stairs, plates, etc., can be constructed as may be desired both with and without mould boards.
  • the blocks When the blocks are laid they extend through the whole thickness of the ceiling but owing to the bevelled off point and the projecting beak there is formed in the tension zone an enclosed space for the reinforcing iron.
  • reinforced ceilings is carried out by laying the lower layer of blocks in place on a mould board framework constructed of laths, boards, or the like and the blocks are laid on this framework in such a way that they are not in contact with each other but that the transverse joints all run in one line.
  • the projections are laid, in cement mortar, the iron cores, and the side faces of the blocks are also covered with cement mortar.
  • the filling up of triangular shaped gutters which were left now takes place by the upper layer of blocks and in such a way that the bevelled off point of the upper layer of blocks almost touches the iron core and this upper layerof blocks is bonded with the lower one.
  • beams may be constructed conveniently of three blocks each in cross section together with an iron core prepared on a support and after the removal thereof placed in position on the spot.
  • the gutters which are formed between the laid beams are filled in with a row of blocks after the insertion of iron cores.
  • the manufacture of reinforced pillars without using mould boards is effected by stretching the iron core according to a pattern and building the blocks in cement mortar round it.
  • The. intermediate spaces which are thus formed can be filled with concrete.
  • the construction of stair treads can also be carriedout without the use of mould boards, by making up the treads singly beforehand on the floor.
  • the treads may conveniently be formed from three blocks with an iron core.
  • the hollow blocks are ad- Elm mirably suited for the construction of roofs.
  • the walls are carried up underneath the roof and the block ceiling laid thereon so that all wooden constructions are done away with.
  • Figure 1 shows the hollow block in cross section with a hollow fluted projection.
  • Fig,' 1? is an enlarged detail view of the open flute.
  • Figure 2 shows the same hollow block with two hollow fluted projections.
  • Figure 2 shows the upper bevelled off point with the hollow flute.
  • Figure 3 shows the blocks as laid in a reinforced ceiling.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a re-inforced ceiling and mould boards in process of construction.
  • Figures 5 and 5 are single beams or plates of hollow blocks for small spans, in perspective.
  • Figure 6 shows two beams according to Figure 5 laid alongside each other with the filling in of the gutter by hollow blocks commenced.
  • Figure 7 shows the cross section of a beamed ceiling built with the hollow blocks.
  • Figure 8 shows the'method of fixing the floor on a reinforced ceiling.
  • Figure 9 shows a cross section of a column.
  • Figure 10 shows the cross section of a staircase.
  • FIGs 1 to 2 the hollow blocks are shown in" cross section.
  • two points 2 are bevelled, while the third point is constructed in the form of an extended fluted projection.
  • the open flute can be'formed with or without a small edge 21 Fig. 1.
  • the side faces of the blocks 1 are made with grooves for mortar or of corrugated form.
  • a single point is bevelledoff at 2 while the other two points are extended into 'a fluted projection
  • the flute is formed by the beaks of projections 3 between the blocks in which the iron cores 7 rest. The latter are completely surrounded by the stones and can never be exposed whereby the appearance of rust stains on the ceiling decoration should the concrete sheating be effective is absolutely impossible.
  • the form of block shown in Figure 2 differs from those previously shown by-the fact that the side faces 5 are slightly curved inwards, whereby a widening of the joint is produced and the blocks can be laid more closelytogether.
  • the concave side faces are likewise provided with groovesfor mortar or made of corrugated form.
  • the mould boards are erected on a framework 6 of lath boards or the like, on which the blocks are laid in rows alongside each other. At the abutting joints only the upper bevelled off point is mortared. All the other joints of the lower rows of stones require no mortar.
  • the blocks of the lower rows need not be mortar bonded with each other but have cross jointsgoing right through them.
  • In the three cornered gutters thus formed are first laid the iron cores 7 over the projections 8 embedded in con crete mortar and cement mortar is then applied to the sides of the blocks and the upper course of blocks 1 is laid into the gutter.
  • the upper layer of blocks is thus laid in connection with the lower layer as shown in Figure 1.
  • the cross joints 9 of the upper layer again run in one line but the blocks of the upper course break joint with those of the lower course.
  • the mould boards may be dispensed with.
  • Beams which are denoted as a whole by 9 are then laid on a support and constructed according to Figures 5 or 5%
  • the beam 9 in Figure 5 consists in cross section of three blocks 11 while the beam shown in Figure 5" consists of four blocks 12.
  • the beams or plates 9 so finished are, as shown in Figure 6, when the mortar has set, laid alongside each other and in the gutters are placed iron cores 7 embedded in cement mortar. Mortar likewise applied to the side faces and a row of hollow blocks 1 laid in.
  • FIG. 7 An example is shown in Figure 7. At two points 14L the rows of hollow blocks are left out throughout the whole length.
  • the gutters are provided with reinforcing cores Z and then rammedfull of concrete so that a layer of concrete is also formed abovethe hollow blocks.
  • the method of. attaching the wooden flooring is shown in Figure 8.
  • gutterrshaped channels .14 are formed by the omission .of singlerows of blocks and are filled up with conc'rete in which the nailing strips 16 for thea-ttachment of the floor boards 13 are laid.
  • the hollow blocks are also admirably suitable for the construction of stair treads for unsupported stairways as they can be also prepared previously without the use of mould boards.
  • the several treads 18 may conveniently consist in cross section of three hollow blocks 19 with iron cores of which the rear block is half the size of the others.
  • the front edge of the treads is protected by an angle iron 20 and the tread provided with a smooth coating of mortar.
  • the separate three cornered blocks interlock in a way with each other. They also by their special construction completely enclose the reinforcing rods both at the top and also at the bottom.
  • a hollow block or tile free of undercuts triangular in cross section having an extension or beak at one apex edge provided with an open flute, said extension flush with one face and extending beyond the adjacent face the entire length of the tile.
  • a hollow block .or tile triangular in cross section having an extension or beak at one apex edge provided with a flute terminating in an arc edge projecting therefrom said flute extending along one entire edge of the tile.
  • a hollow block or tile triangular in cross section whose walls are of less thickness at the middle with gradually increasing thickness toward the edges, to form hollows extending lengthwise of the block.
  • a hollow block or tiles triangular in cross section whose walls are thicker near the 'apices and thinner at the middle between the apices, with one or more apices bevelled and at least one apex having an extension in the plane of one face to form a reinforcement support, said extension being along the entire length of one edge.
  • a reinforced concrete construction comprising a layer of triangular hollow tile one or more of whose apex edges are bevelled and the other edge having an extension reinforcements lying above said extensions and a second layer of inverted like blocks bonded in triangular gutters formed between the rows of the first layer by cement mortar.
  • a reinforced concrete construction comprising a layer of triangular hollow tile one or more of whose apex edges are bevelled and the other edge having an extension reinforcements lying above said extensions and a second layer of inverted like blocks bonded in triangular gutters formed between the rows of the first layer by cement mortar, and other gutters filled with reinforced concrete thereby forming at intervals reinforced concrete beams integral with said construction.
  • a reinforced concrete construction comprising rows of hollow triangular blocks each having a bevelled apex edge and a fluted extension on another edge in the plane of one its sides extending the entire length of the tier, the bevelled edge of one row be ing adjacent the extension on the other row, reinforcements in the open gutter thus formed lying above said extension, and a filling for the gutters formed between the rows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
US452533A 1919-10-20 1921-03-15 Hollow building tile Expired - Lifetime US1462593A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR526462A FR526462A (fr) 1919-10-20 1920-10-19 Briques creuses pour la construction de plafonds, poutres, colonnes, piliers armés, etc., posés librement
US452533A US1462593A (en) 1919-10-20 1921-03-15 Hollow building tile

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE526462X 1919-10-20
US452533A US1462593A (en) 1919-10-20 1921-03-15 Hollow building tile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1462593A true US1462593A (en) 1923-07-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US452533A Expired - Lifetime US1462593A (en) 1919-10-20 1921-03-15 Hollow building tile

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US (1) US1462593A (fr)
FR (1) FR526462A (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
FR526462A (fr) 1921-10-08

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