US1589628A - Purification of gases for ammonia synthesis - Google Patents

Purification of gases for ammonia synthesis Download PDF

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Publication number
US1589628A
US1589628A US546902A US54690222A US1589628A US 1589628 A US1589628 A US 1589628A US 546902 A US546902 A US 546902A US 54690222 A US54690222 A US 54690222A US 1589628 A US1589628 A US 1589628A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gases
purification
ammonia
oxygen
carbon monoxide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US546902A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude Georges
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LAZOTE Inc
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LAZOTE Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
    • C01B3/025—Preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the purification of gaseous mixtures containing nitrogen and hydrogen intended for use in the direct synthesis of ammonia under hyperpressure and has for its object the provision of an improved process and apparatus whereb carbon monoxide, oxygen or both of these gases, when present as undesirable impurities, may be removed from the gaseous mixture in an eiicient and economical manner.
  • the gases inentioned as present as impurities in the mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen may be readily removed therefrom when the .gaseous mixture is Acompressed to hyperln'essures, i. e., -lUO t0 2000 atmospheres, by causing the gaseous mixture 4to contact, even at relatively low temperatures, with a catalyzing material having iron as its basis.
  • This catalyzing material may be fresh, that is to say, prepared for the purpose, or it may be the spent material from the chamber in which the synthesis is accomplished.
  • the pressuresustaining tube H is insulated externally against the conduction of heat as far as the vicinity of its head l) which is screwed to the inside of the tube H with an hermetic joint F.
  • the catalyzing material C is placed in an inner tube T.
  • the mixture of gases to be treated which contains or may contain carbon monoxide, oxygen or both of these gases in greater or less amounts, enters through the orifice A located in the head D, circulates in the annular space B around the tube T and is thereb heated. It is then delivered to the catalyzing material C in the tube at a temperature which is subject to control by means of heating coils S with which the tube is provided.
  • the carbon monoxide in the gaseous mixture is converted into methane and water, a small amount of free carbon being produced also. Any oxygen which is present is combined with hydrogen to form water.
  • the water is condensed together with any ammonia which is formed by the reaction, for example, by passing the gases first through a water-cooled coil N and then through a separator X which is emptied frequently.
  • the purified mixture containing the methane which does not poisonously affect the ammonia synthesis catalyst then passes to the ammonia catalyzing tubes where the synthesis is accomplished. If necessary the gaseous mixture to be treated isalso heated in lai temperature exchanger before entering at The iron forming the basis of the catalyzing material in the purification tube is carburized very slowly perhaps until a state of equilibrium is reached and the life of this material is such that it does not require replacement more frequently than that in the tubes inwvhich ammonia production is effected.
  • the temperature of the purification or protective catalyzer tube is maintained at a valueabout 400 to 450 ,0. that is to say below that in the tubes wherein the ammonia synthesis is conducted, little ammonia is formed in the purification tube and that formed is removed with the water produced by the transformation of the impurities present.
  • the inner tube of the purification catalyzer be heat insulated as is preferable in the case of the ammon1.a catalyzing tubes (see the copendmg apphcation above identified) and the use of 'a special temperature exchanger may be avoided by the elimination of the heat insulation in the purification catalyzer.
  • the purification and ammonia catalyzing tubes are not then interchangeable if the most efficient results are expected.
  • a process of purifying gases for the synthetic manufacture of ammonia by the aid of a catalytic agent and under the action of high temperatures and hyperpressures in which the purification of the gaseous mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxygen to be subjected to the synthesis is effected by the removal to a practically complete extent of the carbon-monoxide and oxygen by passing the said gases in the hyper-compressed condition over a heated catalytic material having a basis of iron.
  • a process of purifying gases for the synthetic manufactuie of ammonia by the aid of a catalytic agent and under the action of high temperatures and hyper-pressures in which the purification of the gaseous mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxygen to be subjected to the synthesis is effected by the removal to a ⁇ practically complete extent of the carbon-monoxide and oxygen by passing the said gases in the hyper-compressed condition over a heated catalytic material having a basis of iron and removing the resulting Water by condensation.
  • a processof purifying gases for the synthetic manufacture of ammonia by the aid ofv a catalytic agent under pressure in which the purification of the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxygen to be subjected to the synthesisis effected by the removal to a practically complete extent of the carbon monoxide and oxygen by passing the said gases under pressure over a heated catalyst and removing Water from the compressed gases.
  • a process of purifying gases for the synthetic manufacture of ammonia by the aid of a catalytic agent under pressure in which the purification of the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxy en to be subjected to the synthesis is e ected by the removal to a practically complete extent of the carbon monoxide and oxygen by passing the said gases under pressure over a heated catalytic material having a basis of iron andl thereafter removing water from the compressed gases.
  • a process of purifying gases for the synthetic manufacture of ammonia by the aid of a catalytic agent under pressure in which the purification of the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxygen to be subjected to the synthesis is effected by ,the removal to a practically complete extent of the carbon monoxide and oxygen by passing the said gases under pressure over a heated catalyst having a basis of iron and thereafter removing water and ammonia from the compressed gases by condensation.
  • a process of purifying gases for the synthetic manufacture of ammonia by the aid of a catalytic agent under pressure in which the purification of the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen containing carbon monoxide and oxy n to be subjected to the synthesis is e ected by the removal to a practically complete extent of the carbon monoxide by passing thevsaid gases under pressure over a heated catalytic material, and removing a liqueiiable product of the purification from the compressed gases by external cooling.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US546902A 1921-03-25 1922-03-25 Purification of gases for ammonia synthesis Expired - Lifetime US1589628A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR543199T 1921-03-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1589628A true US1589628A (en) 1926-06-22

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Family Applications (1)

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US546902A Expired - Lifetime US1589628A (en) 1921-03-25 1922-03-25 Purification of gases for ammonia synthesis

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US (1) US1589628A (fr)
FR (1) FR543199A (fr)
GB (1) GB177494A (fr)
NL (1) NL11495C (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1078550B (de) * 1957-07-04 1960-03-31 Basf Ag Verfahren zur katalytischen Entfernung von Kontaktgiften, insbesondere Kohlenoxyd, aus Wasserstoff

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1078550B (de) * 1957-07-04 1960-03-31 Basf Ag Verfahren zur katalytischen Entfernung von Kontaktgiften, insbesondere Kohlenoxyd, aus Wasserstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL11495C (fr) 1924-01-15
FR543199A (fr) 1922-08-29
GB177494A (en) 1923-05-03

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