US1628529A - Venturi-vacuum fuel-control system - Google Patents

Description

1,628,529 May 1927' M. c. BRIGHT VENTURI VACUUM FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 16. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J6 1V 37 INVENTOR:

A TTORNEY.

1 May 7 M. c. BRIGHT VENTURI VACUUM FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM Filed 001;. 16. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 w H w 4 6 J s \r L lmi lllnl'u, umuwwmf m mm vwmv my m v w A" =/////////Awmm ..i l fl a mu l Patented May 10, 1927.

PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES.

MARTIN C. BRIGHT, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR T BERNARD B. CARLIN,

' OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTUBI-VAGUUM FUEL-CCNTROL SYSTEM.

Application filed October 16, 1922. Serial No. 594,895.

. This invention relates to the supplying of explosion or internal combustion engines with fuel by a vacuum-feed system, espe cially a Venturi-vacuum fuel-control 'system, and has reference more particularly to a vacuum-feed system in which the wellknown .type of separate vacuum tank is eliminated, the invention relating also to the type of fuel-control system'which has single primary control by which not only the volume but the quality or character of the fuel is regulated; and the invention relates further to improvement in the type of fuel control system disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States granted April 19, 1921, No. 1,37 4,983, and to improvement in the type of Venturi-vacuum fuel control system forming the subject of iny pending application forLetters Patent of the United States filed April 25, 1921,. Serial No. 464,246, especially'wit-h reference to one of the modified forms of variable action venturi referred to in said application for Letters Patent, an example of such modified venturi beingthereiu disclosed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and compact fuel control system for explosion engines, and means whereby to draw liquid fuel by vacuum from a reservoir under varying conditions of operation, and which shall be automatic and reliable in controlling the supply of fuel in accordance with the requirements of the engine.

Another object is to provide an improved feed reservoir for a carburetor in a fuel control system which shall be so constructed as to perform the function of a vacuum tank in a vacuum feed system. and which shall be constructed of few and simple parts not liable to become deranged or to cause trouble in operation.

A further object is to provide improved means whereby to supplva carbureter directly and promptly with liquid fuel in a vacuum-feed system for explosion engines, and which shall be adapted to operate promptly in supplying fuel in response to engine suction.

A still further object is to provide an improved variable action venturi in a Venturi-vacuum fuel-control system which shall be capable of wide range of adjustment, and which espeeiallv shall be automatically adjustable, and which shall be so constructed tube, and which shallbe capable of controlling the .volume and quality of air and hydro-carbon mixture, and be economical in use.

WVith the above-mentioned and other objects in view, the invention consists in a unitary fuel-control system and apparatus including a combined feed-reservoir and vacuum chamber into which liquid fuel is directly drawn from a main reservoir, combined in a novel. manner with improved atomizing and carbureting apparatus, the complete structure being so designed as to be adapted to advantageously com rise an important feature of a'fuel-control system and especially a Venturi-vacuum fuel control system; and, the invention consists also further in certain novel parts, and in the combinations and arrangements of parts or features, as hereinafter particularly described and further set forthin the claims appended hereto.

Referring to the drawings,-Figure 1 is a side elevation of the new fuel-control system conveniently but not arbitrarily arranged in connection with an automobile which is indicated fragmentarily by broken lines. illustrating a practical application of the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the principal structure involved in the invention, on an enlarged scale, parts of which are arranged relatively to other parts conveniently rather than arbitrarily; Fig. 3 is a top plan of the essential portions of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a section approximately on the line IV-IV in Fig. 2; Fig. 5

is asection approximately on the line VV in Fig. 2, looking upward; Fig. 6 is a frag mentary vertical central section showing details of controlling apparatus which may be used in the system, being .an example of the application of one form of controlling valve which may be variously modified? Fig. 7 is a section approximately on the line VII-VII in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a front View of the controlling valve and its chest, the valve being in a different position from that in Figs. 6 and 7. and partially in sec-. tion; Fig. 9 is a section approximately on comprises a mixing tube 5 which is secured -'to the intalre manifold or pipe 3 in such Ell 'lfl has an inlet aperture l5 therein. 1-

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manner as may be desired. preferably in vertical position, and it rotatively supports a shaft 6 that extends through the tube and has a throttle valve 7 of the butterfly type secured thereto within the tube, and a controlling arm or lever 8 is secured to the shaft at the outer side. of the tube. A vacuum chamber is connected with the mining tube and comprises hollow cylindrcial portion 9 that extends from the tube and is preferably less in diameter than the tube internally so that the upper end thereof forms a stop shoulder 10, opposite to which a suitable distance therefrom a stop or steps ll, 11', are secured in the wall or the mixing); tube in the region of the vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber includes a feed-chamber combined therewith which comprises a wall l2, a top l3 and a bottom ll, the top being; annular and extending about the cylindrical portion ll and being fixed thereto. The .r 1c bottom it also is annular and acylindrical wall portion ill extends through it and is lined thereto and so as to constitute an annular partitional wall 1'? in the teed chamber which is designed to hold li uid tool, as a portion oil? a teed-reservoir, t is wall terminatingsuitable distance from the lower end oi the wall portion ,9. it shitting lenturi tube l8 ot novel form is provided which is externally cylindrical and arranged to mutubly operate in the vacuum chamber, being guided by the wall portions 9 and to and the wall extension W. The Venturi tube constitutes a port-shitting ventnri and has a collar portion or head 19 that rests upon 7 the shoulder it) to limit the downward more meat oil thotube. The lower portion ot" the t 'cnturi tube has a tapered inner wall taco Ed, the outer end of which is the larger and preferably terminating in a concave countcrbore 21 enteudingr 'lrorn the lower end of the tube, theuppcr portionot" the tube having" a tapered or inclined inner wall face Q2, so that the interior of the upper portion is tunnel-like in shape in which a flow 0t tluid is expanded in its passage to the ruining lower end of the Wit maniac tube. The wall of the Venturi tube has a horizontal feed port or preferably several ports 23 arranged so that the outer end of the port shall be slightly higher, or a portion of the port higher, than the top of the wall 17 to conduct the liquid'fuel to the interior of the Venturi tube, so that the tube may be instrumental in atomiziug the fuel. The wall of the Venturi tubehas also another feed port or several ports 24 at. a relatively lower-level therein and closed by the wall 17 when the tube is, set at its lowest level. All the ports extend from the periphery to the tapered inner face of the wall of the Venturi tube. Preferably the lower ports are larger diametrically than the upper ports or are frcater in number. The

1 portion 16 has a spider ring 25 suitably secured thereto, preferably by means of screw threads so as to be adjusted" and also removable, and it has arms 26 supporting a hub 27 to which a stem 28 is secured, the stem having a shanlr portion .29 extending through the hub and having a threaded nut 30 thereon engaging the under side of the hub. the stein has an atomizer head 31 on its top thut has a tapered exterior 32, so that the head is trustuin shaped, the lower portion ot the head being greater in diameter than the stem and curved or beveled so as to deflect air outward in the counter-bore 2t into which thelower portion oi" the head extends, the head being partially in the tapered portion 20. thetop of the head preferably being on the level of the axis of the portQi. The head and the stem are hollow so as to constitute portions of a uuun-conduit which preferably has an on tension 33 projecting; from the top of the atomizer head, and the extension preferably is an integral portion of atubc 34 inserted tightly in the head and the stem 28 and c1:- tending; beyond the shank portion 29 so as to constitute a nipple 35 to which a conduit extension 36 is connected.

The fuel-control system has a novel vacuum chan'iber and tccd-rcscrvoir comprising: a bottom 37 and awull '38 thereon, the wall being suitably secured or fixed to the wall 19; aud'havingau outlet aperture 39 therein connected with the aperture 15, so that the chamber cxtcndilng to the wall 17 con stitutcs an extension of the reservoir chamber. The middle portion of the bottom 37 has a. guide rod all) fixed thereon. and a suitable float 41 is arranged in the reservoir and has a central n'uide sleeve 42 receiving! the rod -l0. the float being adapted to freely lloat in the liquid fuel received into the reservoir. The feed-reservoir has a head or cover thereon which preferably consists of a removable head 43 having a fulcrum arni it on its under side that supports a pivotv h") to which a controlling lever 4-6 is connected that extends to the top of the float.

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valve seat 51 and it has a stem 54 movably arranged in a hollow guide 55 comprising a portion of a spider 56 secured inthe counterbor', the valve stem being located so as to be controlled by the lever 46 to close the duct when the reservoir contains the desired quantity of fuel. The upper portion of the.

vacuum. chamber in the feed-reservoir is provided with a v'acuum dome 57 that Ispreferably adetachable part of the head 43 the motor vehicle.

and covers an opening 58 in the head; 'The top of the dome has a duct.59 therein and preferably the under side of saidtop has a projection 60 through whiclithe-duct .extends, the outer portion of said top having 'aneck 61, the duct extending through the .neck, and a suction conduit 62 is connected,

to the neck. Preferably the vacuum dome has a baffle comprising abase 63 anda hollow cone 64 therein to prevents lashingof the liquid fuel into the-duct 59', tiebasebeing arranged on the head" 43 so that the baffle shall cover the opening 58. The base of the baffle has an air-duct 65 therein which preferably is located nearly to "the middle of the reservoir head, so as to be away from the wall of the reservoir against which the liquid fuel may surge during "operation of the dome above the baflie toprevent the formation of a narrow [or rapid stream through the.'dome, and thespace is divided preferably bynieans of a tube 6.6 interposed between thetop of the dome and the'bafiie cone and having-asuitable number. of apertures 67. therein, practically constituting a screen to prevent atoms of liquid from entering'the duct 59.- The conduit 62 is shitably connected withthe mixin'gtube 5, and

- it is designed that the conduit 36 may be connected with the conduit 62 according to the requirements of operation of the engines. In somecases it maybe designed that suction may automatically occur through the conduit. 36 and the and conduit 62 only at lowspeed of the engine, but preferably the mutable action I in the conduit 36 is-governed by a. controlling valve operating automatically on operation of the primary controller and the throttle valve.

As an illustration of suitable :valve con-- trolling means, which may be similar to that -p 1 Patent N0; "1,374,983, for controlling the action .dile to described in said Letters Ample space is left inconduit 62 at high speed of "the engine, and throughthe mixing tube v or drawn in by means oft suction through the conduit 36 following the action due to-suction primarily occurring directly through the mixing tube and the conduit 62, a valve chest is provided on the-mixing tube and comprises a bodyvwall 68 fixed to the mixing tube and a cover 69 removably secured to the wall, the chesthaving a plane valve seat 70 therein and a port 71 extending from the face of the seat tothe interior of the mixing tube. The inner side of the cover; 61 has a projection 7 2 thereon and arranged at a suitable distance away from the port 71, and the conduit 36 is connected to the cover so as to have .com-

munication with a port 36' 1 that extends through' the projection, :the end of the proopposite to the seat 70 at a suitable distance therefrom. The conduit '62 is connected also with the cover 69 so as to have communication with a duct 62 which extends through the cover, tl1e-duct'.being constantly open, so that in. some cases there may be communication through the interior v of the valve chest between the. conduits 36 and 62, in such cases the valve chest being merelya convenient connection between the conduits. the port 71 bein constantly open.

Butpreferably a plate .va ve 73 is provided which is connectedto a pivot. 74 secured to the valve seat 7(),the valvebeing adapted to operate on the seat to close the port 7-1 or to open the port and to cover-the port.

36. The valve preferably has a projection 7 5 engaged by a spring-projecte plunger 76 to accelerate the movement of the valve after having'been started in either direction.

The back of the valve has a laterally exjection having a valve seat face presentedtending slot'77 whereby to move the valve,

and. acrank disk 78 is rotatively arranged in a recess 7 9 extending from the valvelseat 70, thedisk being turned by means of a kev 80 on the end of the ,throttle valve shaft. 6and extending into a slot in the". back of the disk, the front of the disk 'having a crank pin 81 thereon that operates in the slot 77. Preferably a spring 82 is in-, terposed between the cover 69 andth valve 73 to hold the valve to its seat. It will be seen that the valve 73 is controlled by the throttle lever 8.-

, When the fuel has become exhausted and it becomes difiicult to start an ex lesion engine, a supply may be obtaineo from the reservoir 4 by means of a suitable suction pump connected with the system so as to create vacuumm the feed-reservoir, nd such pump may comprise a cylinder. 8.3 connected with the conduit 62-and having a suitable operating rod 84 provided with a handle.

85', the 1 cylinder. having an air-outlet 86.

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Inpractical use, there being a'propcr suply' of liquidfuel in .the feed-reservoir,

whether left over from a previous operation ehand pump vac-.

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uuin from the main reservoir, the engine is started in the usual manner, the throttle valve 76 properly adjusted to admit sullicient fuel to the en ine for slow speed. the valve 73 if present being set to close the conduit come atomized therein as a result of atoms pheric air being drawn by auction past the atomizer head 21 and into and through the Venturi. tube, the resultant carburet'cd air becoming mixed in passing through the mixing; tube are the engine. As the air enters the lower end of the vacuum chamber some at the air is detlected by the lower portion of the atoniirer head, and the air is gathered into the tapered portion into the form at a thin annular current and directed inward to the relatively thin extension 33 of the atoiniuer head, and thereby partially spread out towards the Wall of the flaring upper ll ll ier l in the teed-reservoir i .nun calla the l'loat ris a and tool and controls the inn the engine rcquirea an in l"; tool, the throttle valve j a to admit the tool to the aultouia l, k t e l .2 tube to be drawn upwa ue'l, liret throi i the nor which become lolly opened, alteru'ards poi ill also when it he carried lv ermit tool to enter it from ali ll. ll hen the shitting v drawn up atrai at th is lullv opened to tool, the port. Ell-l beluga s f the end at the cylinder or o 'oniee a suction duct to automaticall v incre ae vacuum. for liltinggf the tool, and permitting gaseous vapor that may rise from the feed chainloer to pass through the port 23 and become mixed with the product in tho Venturi tube. [lo the throttle valve l is further opened the valve l3 is moved lroin the port; i-ltl" and over to the port ll to close direct communication with the mining tube. pcrniittii rig auction in the 'l cnturi to admittr e till portion olthe l' enturi tube,-and tending to reeaeaa tube to cause suction through the conduit 36 and the valve chest and through the conduit 62 desired to produce a greater do grce of vacuum in the feed-reservoir to. insure increased supply of fuel as may be needed by the en ine erforming increased duty. After the 51130? e valve has been adjusted to reduce the sup ly' of fuel the suction below the throttle va ve is decreased and permits the Venturi tube to again descend, 7 the conduit 36 becoming closed by the cons quentshifting of the valve 73 so that the engine may be supplied as before with suflicient fuel for slow speed.

Having thus described the invention, What is claimed as new is:

l. flu explosion engine fuel control system including a .tuehteed reservoir having a lateral feed chamber, a fuel-inlet for the reservoir, means in the reservoir to automatically control the fuel-inlet, a shifting Venturi tube having a port to conduct fuel jtroni the teed-chamber and into the tube, an

atoinining device in the Venturi tube, a mixing tube, a section conduit having connection with the reservoir, an alternating vacuuni conduit extending from the interior at the lenturi tube, and one -lerating means tor controlling; the shifting l enturi tube and for alternatively connecting the suction oonduit with the mining tube and the vacuum till conduit with. the auction conduit.

ll. ll. tact-control system including luelteed. r aervoir havinr; a lateral. lite l-chamber connectod therewith, the upper portion the rceorvoir being" a chamber tor vacuum, a vacuum chainh connected with the upper portion ot the il tlutl fillfllllbtll", a mining; l be connected with the vacuum chamber, it oh inc" l enturi tuhe vertically movable in the vacuum chamber and the :leedchamber ports on lhltllll'. levcla to contra age oi. liquid and gaseous :tuel one i from the teed-chamber and th to. tori tube and the uiiui u including; a auction conduit; contributir create a measure vactunn in th rcaervoir, the vacuum being inc er the lead-chamber and the no M, t :urtoniaticallv coi'itrolled rcnoercd elloctive enturi tub and the nai uri tub A "a. reatirel v g groatcr u out vacuiu through he auction conduit in the tool-teed reoervoir.

, eztploeion engine tool-control syutcin includhagz, a tool-teed reservoir having a lateral teed-chamber, a vacuuurchambor counected with the teed-chamber, a' shifting: Venturi tube operating vertically in the feed chamber and the vacuumchamber and havinn: ports on dill'crcnt levels; therein to aucves-zsivcl v conduct fuel and vapor from the lccdarharnher and into the tube, the ports contrioutino; to increase vacuum in the reaerltlll lllll l. fltl till voir above the fuel, anatomizer head in the Venturi tube and bodily supported by means of the feed-chamber wall below the tube, a

suction conduit connected with the fuel-feed reservoir, and a Venturi-vacuum conduit extending from the inside of the Venturi tube and through the atomizer head and having means for a connection with the suction conduit.

1o 4. An'explosion engine fuel-control system into the mixing tube,

ing a porttherein to conduct fuel from the.

including a fuel-feed reservoir having a lateral feed-chamber, a mixing tube, a suction conduit connected with the reservoir, a port shifting Venturi tube operating vertically in the feed-chamber and discharging the Venturi tube havfeedhamber and into the tube and having also a relatively higher port to conduct air from the upper portion of the reservoir through the upper portion of the feed-chamher and into the Venturi tube for creating vacuum in the reservoir upon ascent of the Venturi tube, a fuel-inlet valve for the reservoir, a buoant device in. the reservoir to .control the uel-mlet valve,

an atomizer head arranged in the Venturi tube and bodily supported stationarily by means of the feed- .chamber wall below the tube, and means to constitute a connection of the suction conduit with the mixing tube.- v

5. An explosion engine fuel-control system including a fuel-feed reservoir having a lateral feed-chamber,'a mixing tube, a port shiftin Venturi tube operating vertically .in the eed-chamber and discharging into the head, means to constitute a connection of.

the suction conduit with the mi'xingtube, and means for functionally connecting the Venturi-vacuum conduit with the suction conduit.

6. -An explosion engine fuel-control system including a fuel-feed reservoir having a lateral feed-chamber, a vacuum chamber connected with the feed-chamber, a fuel-inlet valve in the upper portion of the reservoir, a float in the reseitvoir to control the valve, a freely movable Venturi tube in the vacuum chamber and guided in and extending through the feed-chamber, the Venturi tube having a port therein to conduct fuel from the feed-chamber and" into the tube,

an atomizer head supported to be stationary in the Venturi tube, a suction conduit connected with the u per ortion of the fuelfeed reservoir, an a V enturi-vacuum conduit extending from the inside ofthe Venturi tube and'through the atomizer head and having means for automatic connection with the suction conduit. 7. An explosion engine fuel-controlsystem including a fuel-feed reservoir having a lateral feed-chamber, a fuel-inlet for the reservoir, -means in the reservoir to automatically control the fuel-inlet, a shifting Venturi tube in the feed-chamber and having a port to conduct fuel from the feed chamber and into the tube, an atomizing device in the Venturi tube, a mixing tube having a suction port connected therewith,

a suction conduit having connection with the upper portion of the fuel-feed reservoir, zrVent'uri vacuum conduit extendin from the interior of the Venturi tube, an means for controlling the functioning of the suction port and the Venturi vacuum conduit and to connect one "or the other with the suction conduit:

8. An explosion. en ine fuel-control systern havinga fuel-fee reservoir, a mixing tubeya throttle valve in the mix-in tube,- a shifting Venturi tube automatica ly controlled by suction through" the mixing tube and having separate ports arranged to suecessively conduct fuel from the reservoir.

and into the tube upon ascent of the tube, an atomizing device in the Venturi tube, a valve chest having a port extending therefrom and into the mixing tube, a suction conduit connected with the valve chest and the upper "portion of the fuel-feed reservoir, a

Venturi-vacuum conduit extending from the interior of the Venturi tube to the valve chest, and a valve means in the chestcontrolled by the throttle valve to alternately glose the port and the Venturi-vacuum conuit.

9. In a fuel-controlsystem, the combina- I tion with a fuel-feed chambeigand atomizing apparatus connected with the chamber, of a shifting fuel-feeding Venturi tube in said chamber, a feed-reservoir connected with said chamber and having a head-provided with a capacious vacuumdome having free communication with the; feed-reservoir, the dome having a deflecting baflle therein, a suction conduit connected with the dome above,said baflle, and means in the feed-reservoir se arate from the dome to control admission 0 fuel into the feed-reservoir.

10. In an explosion en ine fuel-control system, thecom ination o afuel-feed reservoir with a fuel-inlet in its top, a vacuum dome on the to of the reservoir separate from the -'fue1-inl et, a mixingtube, a suction conduit connected with the vacuum dome, a feed-chamber on" one side of the, reservoir in connection therewith, a. Venturi tube vertically movable in the feed-chamber to dis-' charge into the mixing tube andhaving ports to conduct fuel and air from the teedcliuinbei' end into the tube, on air-feeding atomizer llezul stotionuiily arranged in the 'l entuii "tube to cooperate therewith and having support below the tube, e Venturivacuum concluit having; an open encl inthe Vcnturi tube above the atomizer head, and valve means to connect the suction conduit with the mining tube or the Jenturi-vecuuin conduit.

11. lfn on explosion izngine tuelcontroi system, the combination of it Tftlfii-ilt5til reservoir having a 'feectcliumbei', e fuel-inlet tor the i'eseivoii' means in the reservoir to autoport-shitting ventui'i to conduct liquid fuel end on from the feetl-chenibei and into the venturi, eii teeilingg untl etolnising means in the venturi, e mixing tulle, u throttle valve to regulate suction through the mixing tube and the venturi, e valve chest with a suction port connectecl with the mixing tube above the throttle valve, u suction conduit connected With the reservoir and also with the valve chest, at feuturi-vucuum conduit subjected to influence of the Venturi action and connected with the valve chest, and means in the valve chest automatically controlled with the throttle valve to connect the Venturivecuuin conduitwith the suction conduit.

In testimony whereof, l utlix my signature on the 13th clay of October, 1922.

llllllt'ltlll o. BRIGHT.

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