US1679850A - Process for the manufacture of threads, films, and the like from cellulose derivatives - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of threads, films, and the like from cellulose derivatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1679850A US1679850A US14788A US1478825A US1679850A US 1679850 A US1679850 A US 1679850A US 14788 A US14788 A US 14788A US 1478825 A US1478825 A US 1478825A US 1679850 A US1679850 A US 1679850A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- precipitating
- cellulose
- threads
- solution
- baths
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/32—Details specially adapted for motion-picture projection
- G03B21/50—Control devices operated by the film strip during the run
- G03B21/52—Control devices operated by the film strip during the run by prepared film
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
Definitions
- cellulose derivative such as cellulose ester, cellulose ether or mixtures thereof are converted into solutions or gelations by means of organic solvents and the product obtained is treated in precipitating baths which contain solvents besides solutions of salts.
- the quantity of solvent to be added to the salt-containing precipitating baths is preferably adjusted according to the desired speed of precipitation.
- the formed structure by passing the formed structure into a first bath, whichcontains the solvent or solvents in a' ratherdilute condition. By this means a sufficient solidification for the permanence 'ofform of the desired structure is produced. Tn order'now to impart to the structure produced the qualities of strength necessary for the further treatment, the structure is passed into a further bath which contains concentrated salt solution.
- constituents of the nature of the second bath as for example a small quantity of fixing salt, may be added; or conversely, to the second bath may be added constituents of the nature of the first bath.
- the incompletely acting solvents that come into consideration according to the invention are, for example mixtures of aloehol and ether, or of acetone and water or the like, while for the coagulation and solidification of the produced structures more or less concentrated salt solutions may be employed for example solutions of nitrates, such as calcium nitrate or. ammonium nitrates, or else ammonium sulphate or other salt solutions.
- the speed of the precipitation may be widely varied not only .by the already mentioned larger or smaller addition of solvent or gelatinizing media to the precipitating liquid, but also for example by altering the temperature.
- the threads, etc. may be spun by means of the invention, according to the stretch spinning process. In working the process the countercurrent principle may be'employed and temperature of the precipitating liquids may vary along the ixiprse its contact with the threads or the Examples: 1.
- a solution of nitro-eellulose in alcoholic ether is passed through fine nozzles directly into a'mixture of Water and alcohol containing about 60 per cent of methyl or ethyl alcohol. After the passing of this first precipitating bath the thread passes into a solution of common salt or sodium acetate or calcium nitrate.
- the thread produced is clear like glass, transparent, and of remarkably favourable mechanical properties as regards its strength and extensibility.
- a mixture of acetyl cellulose and cellulose nitrate is allowed to flow through a slotshaped aperture into a mixed solution consistlng of acetone and carbon tetrachloride. After the passage of this mixture the spun material passes into a concentrated solution h water and then into a mixture or ammonium nitrate which tures from cellulose of ammonium nitrate as a second precipitating bath The coagulated structure. exhibits great strength and can be drawn out of the precipitating liquid Withremarkable speed.
- a dilute solution of methyl cellulose and acetyl cellulose in methyl ethyl ketone isv first passed into a mixture of of calcium contains methyl ethyl ketone,'a'nd then into the pure salt solution free from ketone.
- the still plastic thread formed in the first precipitating bath is extensible and can be drawn out into exceedingly fine threads, whichrissago their complete coagulation by the nitrated solution free from solvents.
- What I claim is 1. Process for the production of strucderivatives consisting in converting the cellulose derivatives into solutions or gelations by means of organic sol; vents and treating the thus obtained products in precipitating baths which contain solvents in addition to salt solutions.
- Process-according to claim 1 consisting in solidifying the structure in steps in a plur'ality of consecutive baths.
- Process according to claim 1 consisting in solidifying the structure in steps by treatment in several consecutive baths, the baths having decreasing contents of solvents and increasing contents of salt solution.
- Process according to claim 1 consisting in using solutions of easily soluble nitrates as precipitating baths.
- rocess according to claim 1 consisting in using calcium nitrate solution as the salt solution.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1679850X | 1924-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1679850A true US1679850A (en) | 1928-08-07 |
Family
ID=7739183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14788A Expired - Lifetime US1679850A (en) | 1924-03-17 | 1925-03-11 | Process for the manufacture of threads, films, and the like from cellulose derivatives |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1679850A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR595248A (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3256371A (en) * | 1963-01-18 | 1966-06-14 | Celanese Corp | Spinning of high nitrogen content cellulose nitrate filments |
-
1925
- 1925-03-11 US US14788A patent/US1679850A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1925-03-17 FR FR595248D patent/FR595248A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3256371A (en) * | 1963-01-18 | 1966-06-14 | Celanese Corp | Spinning of high nitrogen content cellulose nitrate filments |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR595248A (fr) | 1925-09-29 |
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