US1683134A - Amplifier - Google Patents

Amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
US1683134A
US1683134A US525366A US52536621A US1683134A US 1683134 A US1683134 A US 1683134A US 525366 A US525366 A US 525366A US 52536621 A US52536621 A US 52536621A US 1683134 A US1683134 A US 1683134A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
electrode
circuit
anode
slat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US525366A
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English (en)
Inventor
Albert W Hull
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US525366A priority Critical patent/US1683134A/en
Priority to FR560421D priority patent/FR560421A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1683134A publication Critical patent/US1683134A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H04B1/163—Special arrangements for the reduction of the damping of resonant circuits of receivers

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to amplifiers, and more particularly to amplifiers ofthe four-electrode, electron discharge type.
  • the object of my invention is to provide an improved apparatus and circuit connec' tion whereby a high degree of amplification can be secured with a device of the type referred to.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a system adapted to amplify currents of very high frequency with the same efficiency as currents of lower radio frequency.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show diagrammatically two diiferent circuit organizations whereby my invention may be carriedinto effect;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sectional views of different modifications of four-electrode devices which may be employed in carrying out my invention;
  • Fig. shows characteristic curves illustrating the operation of my invention, and
  • Fig. 6 shows a circuit organization in-which certain features of the arrangements of Figs. 1 and 2 are combined.
  • an electron discharge device comprising an electron emitting cathode Lacontrol electrode 2 surrounding the cathode, and electrode 3 surrounding the cathode and control electrode, and an electrode 4 surrounding the other electrodes, all of these electrodes being enclosed in anevacuated receptacle 5.
  • This device is preferably constructed, as described and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 472,139, namelyd May 24, 1921.
  • the electrode 3 is made up of a plurality of flat strips or slats 6 either spaced in radial planes about the cathode, as shown in Fig. 3, or extending at an angle to the radial planes, as shown in Fig. 4. Circuit connections are provided between the cathode and each of the other electrodes, the connection between the cathode and control electrode including the secondary 7 of a.
  • the battery 9 is included in the circuit connection between the cathode and anode 4 and furnishes the necessary potential for the operatlon of this circuit.- A portion of the battery 9 which may be varied by means of the adjustable connection 10 is included in the circuit between cathode and slat electrode 3.
  • the circuit between cathode and anode also includes a telephone receiver 11 or other suitable indicating device for producing an indication of amplified currents flowing in that circuit.
  • each primary electron which strikes the slats will by its impact liberate secondary or impact electrons which' escape and iiow to the more positive electrode 4.
  • each primary electron striking the slats will be able to liberate several impact electrons so that the total number of electrons reaching the anode 4 and hence the currentiiowing in the circuit connection to anode 4 will be much greater than the current emanating fromcathode 1.
  • a separate source of current may be connected to a coil surrounding the tube 5, or a coil 12 may be included in the circuit between the cathode and anode 4, this coil being wound around the recep-v tacle 5, as indicated in Fig. 3.
  • A. substantially constant current will be caused to flow through the coil 12 and the variable component of the current in the circuit between cathode and anode may be bypassed around this coil 12 by means of a shunting condenser 13.
  • a shunting condenser 13 In case the slats are arranged as shown in Fig.
  • a device constructed inthe manner I have indicated, however, is especially adapted for use in this manner as I have found that the negative resistance portion of the characteristie current curve to the electrode 3 is practically straight over a wide range which makes it comparatively easy to balance negative resistance ver closely with positive resistance, andthereli give a high degree of amplification over a wide operating range.
  • Fig. 5 I have indicated two typical l curves showing the relation between the current to the slat electrode and the potential thereof.
  • the curves A and B represent this relation for two different values of potential of the control electrode 2.
  • Dotted line C represents the variation of current in the positive resistance with variations in potential of the slat electrode, and this resistance may be so chosen that curve C will have '.'ery nearly the same slope as the curves Al and B over a wide operating range, this being the condition necessary to secure a high I degree of amplification.
  • Diiiiculty has been experienced in amplifying very high frequency currents by means of the usual three-electrode amplifierbecause ofthe capacity existing between the anode and the control electrode.
  • an increase in grid voltage causes a decrease in plate or anode voltage and because of the capacity between grid and plate this decrease in the plate voltage opposes an ⁇ further increase in the grid voltage.
  • tje device which is operated as I have described, however, an increase in the grid voltage produces an increase 1n the voltage of the electrode 3 and this in turn by reason of the capacity between the electrodes tends to cause a further increase in the grid voltage and thus increase the amount of aniplification secured instead of decreasing it as in the three-electrode device.
  • positive resistance 14 may be employed in the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 1, and also that in case a device like that shown in Fig. is employed in the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the magnetic field may be produced in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 for causing the electrons to strike the slats.
  • V The manner in which these diiferent features may be combined is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6.
  • Means for amplifying electric currents comprising an electron discharge device having an electron emittin cathode, a control electrode, an anode an an electrode made up of conducting slats between said cathode and anode, circuit connections between said cathode and each of the other electrodes, means for causing the greater part of the i primary electrons emitted from said cathode to strike the slat electrode and produce an emission of impact electrons greater than the primary emission, means for impressing the currents to be amplified upon the circuit between cathode and control electrode, and means for producing an indication of the amplified currents flowing in the circuit connection to the anode.
  • Means for amplifying electric currents comprising an electron discharge device having an electron emittin cathode, a control electrode, an anode an an electrode made up of conducting slats between said cathode and anode,circuit connections between said cathode and each of the other electrodes, means for producing a magnetic field in the space between the cathode and anode to cause the greater part of the primary electrons emitted from said cathode to be delected so as to strike the slat electrode and produce an emission of impact electrons reater than the primary emission, means o r impressing the currents to be amplified upon the circuit between cathode and control electrode, and means for producing an indication of the amplified currents flowing inthe circuit connection to the anode.
  • Means for amplifying electric currents comprising an electron discharge device havand anode, circuit connections between said' cathode and each of the other electrodes, means for producing by current flowin in the circuit between cathode and ano e a magnetic field in the space between the cathode and anode to cause the greater part of the primary electrons emitted from said cathode to be deflected so as to strike the slat electrode and produce an emission of impact electrons greater than the primary emission, means for impressing the currents to be amplified upon the circuit between cathode and control electrode, and means for producing an indication of the amplified currents flowing in the circuit connection to the anode.
  • Means for amplifying electric currents comprising an electron discharge device having an electron emitting cathode, 'a control electrode, an anode and an electrode made up of conducting slats between said cathode and anode, circuit connections between said cathode and each of the other electrodes, means for causing the greater part of the primary electrons emitted from said cathode to strike the Slat electrode and produce an cathode, a control emission of impact electrons greater than the primary emission thereby producing a negative resistance in the circuit between cathode and Slat electrode, a positive resistance in that circuit of substantially the same value as the negative resistance, means for impressing the currents to be amplified upon the circuit between cathode and control electrode, and means for producing an indication of the amplified currents flowing in the circuit connection to the anode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US525366A 1921-12-28 1921-12-28 Amplifier Expired - Lifetime US1683134A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US525366A US1683134A (en) 1921-12-28 1921-12-28 Amplifier
FR560421D FR560421A (fr) 1921-12-28 1922-12-27 Perfectionnements aux amplificateurs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US525366A US1683134A (en) 1921-12-28 1921-12-28 Amplifier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1683134A true US1683134A (en) 1928-09-04

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ID=24092948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US525366A Expired - Lifetime US1683134A (en) 1921-12-28 1921-12-28 Amplifier

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US1683134A (fr)
FR (1) FR560421A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434517A (en) * 1944-05-11 1948-01-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of activating cathodes
US2498267A (en) * 1946-04-04 1950-02-21 Rca Corp High-frequency amplifier
US2565410A (en) * 1944-09-20 1951-08-21 Philco Corp Controllable electrical delay means
US2758790A (en) * 1951-04-02 1956-08-14 Hanson Gorrill Brian Inc Electronic counting tube and circuit
US3209244A (en) * 1948-04-22 1965-09-28 Henry P Kalmus Device for the measurement of gas pressures including space current modulating means
US3392296A (en) * 1965-08-27 1968-07-09 Wagner Electric Corp Electron multiplier amplifier discharge device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL56644C (fr) * 1935-01-08

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434517A (en) * 1944-05-11 1948-01-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of activating cathodes
US2565410A (en) * 1944-09-20 1951-08-21 Philco Corp Controllable electrical delay means
US2498267A (en) * 1946-04-04 1950-02-21 Rca Corp High-frequency amplifier
US3209244A (en) * 1948-04-22 1965-09-28 Henry P Kalmus Device for the measurement of gas pressures including space current modulating means
US2758790A (en) * 1951-04-02 1956-08-14 Hanson Gorrill Brian Inc Electronic counting tube and circuit
US3392296A (en) * 1965-08-27 1968-07-09 Wagner Electric Corp Electron multiplier amplifier discharge device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR560421A (fr) 1923-10-04

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