Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
  • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
  • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
  • C10G9/18—Apparatus
  • C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
  • C10G9/203—Tube furnaces chemical composition of the tubes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
  • B01J2219/025—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties characterised by the construction materials of the reactor vessel proper
  • B01J2219/0277—Metal based
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
  • Y10S585/949—Miscellaneous considerations
  • Y10S585/952—Reaction stopping or retarding

Definitions

• such alloy is workable in the sense that it can be fabricated into tubes, either seamless or made of fusion-welded sheet; it .is highly resistant to heat and to oxidation; and in contra-distinction to iron it is practically devoid of that type of catalytic citect upon the hydrocarbon vapors which leads to serious deposition (if-carbon.
• Such carbon deposits or residues as may form on the interior surfaces of the tube are readily removed by periodically passing air through the tube while heating it to a sufficient temperature to oxidize the carbon.
• iron-chromium alloys of the type above mentioned may under some conditions of use develop a certain brittleness: and further investigationshave shown that a characteristic brittleness is,developed in iron-chromium alloys containing about 20-35% of chromium when the alloys are held for some time at temperatures in the neighborhood of 400-500 C., as may occur in slowly cooling apparatus made from such alloys through this particular temperature range. Furthermore fusion-welding of such alloys, and others of even lower chro- -niium content, often produces a zone of brittleness adjacent the weld.
• My present invention relates to the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons in accordance with the Curme process, and comprises an improved process and apparatus for accomplishing the essential result of decomposing the hydrocarbons (preferably but not necessarily in gas or vapor phase), without excesssive deposition of carbon, while avoiding in substantial measure the difficulties arising frombrittleness of the tubes, irrespective of Whether such brittleness is due to their subjection in use to an embrittling temperature range or to their Application filed October 11, 1927.
• the nickel has an undesirable effect, however, in that it renders the alloy more susceptible to corrosion by certain agents, for example, sulfur and sulfur-contaming gases.
• the proportions of the constituents of the alloy are:
• Alloys of the foregoing composition are readily forged, rolled, and otherwise worked when the carbon content is sufiiciently low.
• the carbon content should not exceed 1.0% and is preferably at a value below 0.30%, for example at about 0.15%. Because of its workability and its excellent behavior when welded the material is admirably adapted to be rolled into sheet from which to fabricate, preferably by welding, tanks and other vessels for the carrying out of chemical processes wherein severe corrosive conditions are present including the cracking of oils and oil vapors, and the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons in general.
• the high strength of the alloy and the soundness of the Welds which can be made in it adapt it manganese 0.7% to 3.0% and carbon not more than 1.0%, the balance principally iron.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Arc Welding In General (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22845510

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (4)

• 1927
  • 1927-10-11 US US225602A patent/US1703949A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1928
  • 1928-06-19 GB GB17669/28A patent/GB298556A/en not_active Expired
  • 1928-07-06 FR FR657118D patent/FR657118A/fr not_active Expired

Also Published As

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