US1719132A - Centrifugal apparatus - Google Patents

Centrifugal apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US1719132A
US1719132A US146433A US14643326A US1719132A US 1719132 A US1719132 A US 1719132A US 146433 A US146433 A US 146433A US 14643326 A US14643326 A US 14643326A US 1719132 A US1719132 A US 1719132A
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Prior art keywords
centrifugal
lever
timer
brake
starting
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US146433A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roberts Eugene
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Western States Machine Co
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Western States Machine Co
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Application filed by Western States Machine Co filed Critical Western States Machine Co
Priority to US146433A priority Critical patent/US1719132A/en
Priority to DER72373D priority patent/DE483814C/de
Priority to FR644562D priority patent/FR644562A/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Program control of centrifuges

Definitions

  • rl ⁇ his invention relates to the centrifugal refining or purification of sugar or similar material, and is intended to provide a centrifugal apparatus so constructed and organized as to eliminate large losses or Waste of material resulting from previous practice in thisl field, and at the saine time to effect a great economy of labor attendance by making it practicable for an operator to attend to a larger number of eentrifugals, each of them operating more efficiently than under the practice heretofore prevailing.
  • the function of the centrifugal in sugar mills or refineries is to recover the solid r grains or crystals by separating therefrom both the free syrup, with which the grains are mingled, and the adhesive coating of syrup on the grains themselves.
  • the elimination of the free syrup is effected by throwing it off eentrifugally through a surrounding filtering wall constructed to retain the solid crystals in the centrifugal basket, While allowing the liquid syrup to pass through the walled-up sugar and the filter and out of the perforated basket Wall into a suitable collector or receptacle, all under the action of centrifugal force.
  • the separation of the syrup coating adhering to the crystals is effected by spraying extends inward from the peripheral Wall approximately five or six inches.
  • the second operation is purging the sugar which is effected by turning on the full power of the centrifugal drive, thus accelerating the speed as fast as the machine can pick up speedfrom its drivingv connect-ion, thus centrifugally extracting the free syrup.
  • the fourth operation is the drying of the sugar after the Water is Vshut ofi' by continu- 1ng-thc high speed of the rotation until the grams of sugar have reached the requisite degree of dryness.
  • ⁇ sincelthe brake shoes are set by automatically-acting spring tension which can be adjusted to secure any desired uniform period of duration for this operation and a uniform speed.
  • my invention comprises in. combination with a gyratory centrifugal and its driving means, a starting lever operatively associated With a time-controlling mechanism, a sprayer and an automatic brake so as to determine successively the duration of the purging operation, the starting and stopping of the washing operation thereafter, the drying of the sugar for a predetermined period and the braking action for a predetermined period for the purpose of slowing down and automatically stopping the machine.
  • My invention also consists in providing means by which the different periods of operation, from the time of charging to the time of unloading the machine, may be varied to suit the requirements of the particular grade of sugar being treated.
  • My invention further consists in Such construction and arrangement of parts as are hereinafter described and defined in the claims annexed.
  • Figure 1 shows a front elevation of a.
  • FIG. 3 is a detail view in side elevation of the starting-lever removed from its supporting frame.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are detail views representing, respectively, a front elevation .and a side elevation of the releasable latch orshoe that prevents the return of the starting lever from high speed position during the purging, washing and drying operations.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view showing the main starting and stopping lever in association with its actuating spr-ing ⁇ and the timer-starting connection.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view showing this spring and a'portion of the starting and
  • Figure 8 is -a side elevation on an enlarged scale of the spraying and timing apparatus as viewed by the operator in front of the machine.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevation of the 'same in a plane at right angles to Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an elevation of the spraying and timing mechanism as seen from the opposite side to that shown in l Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a central vertical section ⁇ of the timer-actuating clutch and the timer wheels as viewed Vfrom the rear or in the opposite direction tothe view of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is adetail sectional view in a plane at right angles to Figure .11 through the clutchshift.
  • Figure 13 is a plan view of the sprayer and timer.
  • Figure 14 is a plan view ⁇ showing the rock-shaft connections by which the spray is started and later cut off.
  • Figure 15 is a side elevation of the releas able latch shown in position to prevent the closing of the valve of the sprayer.
  • control is applied to a gyratory centrifugal of well known type embracing a separat-orl basket m, surrounded by a syrup-collecting curb or casing, c, the basket being secured to the lower end of a gyratory rotary shaft b, whose upper portion b is enlarged for the reception of rotary bearing elements ⁇ in accordance with practice now well known.
  • a brake pulley d Secured to and extending upwardly around theenlarged portion b of the rotary basket-shaft, is a brake pulley d whose inside surface is fric tionally engaged by a pair of interior brake shoes g, arranged to be expanded outward into frictional engagement withV the inside of the pulley.
  • the centrifugal comprising the separator basket,'and its rotary shaft are suspended. from a fixed suspension hanger e, l
  • the centrifugal is driven through the overhead axially aligned driving shaft zl of an overhead eleetric motor, not shown herein, which is energized through a double switch to drive the centrifugal at low speed and at high speed during different stages in the cycle of opera tion.
  • the attendant throws the starting lever to low speed position and admits the load of wet sugar into the basket in the usual manner, this loading requiring but a few seconds.
  • the lever is then shifted to high speed position, thereby start-ing both the purging operation and the action of the automatic control mechanism by which all subsequent operations are guided ,and controlled until 1the sugar is purified and ready to discharge.
  • the starting lever is returned to idle position by a coiled tension spring which yields when the lever is manually ladvanced to low speed and to high speed positions, respectively, provi'sion being made by an automatic latch or dog to lock the lever in high speed position to prevent its return until released by the automatic control.
  • the automatic tuner-control is started in operation by the throwing of the main lever to high speed position.
  • the timer mechanism contains three separate and independently adjustable timing members, one of which starts the sprayer in action after a predetermined period of purging, the second df whichl stops the-sprayer after any desired period of washing, and the third of which releases 4the timer clutch and ⁇ also releases the main starting lever after a predetermined period of drying, and thereby effected.
  • the action of the starting and stopping lever hereinafter referredto as the main lever, will best be understood by reference to w Figures 1 to G'inclusive of the drawings.
  • bracket 3 On this bracket 3, together with a companion bracket 3X, is mounted a fixed shaft 2, on the left hand end of'which is mounted a 4main lever 1, for which it affords fulcral support. The upper end of this lever l, extends above the fixed shaft 2, and carries an anchoring.
  • a set screw 1()b is used to retain the anchoring block in its different positions of circumferential adjustment.
  • the anchoring block is provided with Spanner holes l()c into which may be inserted the end of a rod or lever for securing the desired a ljustment:
  • the supporting rod or shaft 2 is splined inthe bracket 3,
  • any desired degree of torsional strength may be given tothe spring 9, whose direction of torsional stress is indicated by the arrow in Figure 2, and tends to return the main lever to idle position.
  • a pivoted hand grip 7 adjacent the handle of the main lever, is pivota ly connected at 6, with the reciprocating stop plunger 6, so that it ⁇ may be manually operated.
  • the lever in the position shown in Figure 2 the lever is in high speed position with the stop plunger 6, resting against the ledge 3d and locked against return by a latch or dog 12, the details of which will presently be explained.
  • the radial line marked 1' designates the position of the main lever when the apparatus is at rest and the brake is set against the brake pulley.
  • the radial line n in which the plunger 6 may be locked by the stop shoulder or recess 4, is the neutral position of the lever in which the brake is released, but the switch is not closed and no operation of any part of the apparatus occurs.
  • the radial line-s shows the position in which the stop plunger 6 interlocks with the recess 5, at which position thelmotor switch knife is thrown into the low speed circuit when the operator is loading the machine, or it -may be when the o erator is discharging the machine after t e spraying and drying operations have been finished and the machine has been slowed down.
  • This dog is secured to a" fore and aft rock-shaft 13,' extending at right angles to the fixed shaft 2 forming the fulcral support of the main lever, the latch being transversely bored at its upper end to receive said rockshaft or spindle 13, and having an offset inward portion or arcuate shoe 12b laterally offset from the plane of the fulcralportion of the latch 12, with which it is connected by the short connecting right angle arm '12%
  • the latch spindle 13 is mounted in the fixed supporting frame 3. As the latch or dog 12 'is not intended to lock the main lever until T he latch spindle 13, as shown best in Figure 6.
  • vSecured to the latch spindle 13 is an arm 15, having a series of pin holes 15a 'at different radial distances from the center to give the desired dcgre of throw or movement to a/ connecting link 16, whose forked end 16% is attached to this arm 15 by a connecting pin.
  • this connecting link 16 is pivotally secured to a rock-arm 17a, secured to a rock-shaft which, at its farther end, is provided with a similar angularly disposed arm 17", into which is hooked the upper end of the timer-connecting rod 1 by which the timer mechanism isstarted in action when the main lever is thrown to high speed position and by which, through the control of the timer, after predetermined periods, the main lever is released to return to idle position and the brake setting mechanism is allowed to act automatically to slow down and stop the machine, all of which will be presently explained-
  • special controllingv dogs or latches 6 in the form of toggles pivoted on the centers 6, and having their outer ends interconnected by a contractile spring 6e, are employed.
  • toggles At their inner ends these toggles have elongatedslots engaging a projecting stud or pin 6g, extending laterally from the plunger 6.
  • toggle latches When these toggle latches are swung about their pivotal centers, from one side of the center to the other, they act, by means of the slotted engagement with the pin 6g, to shift the plunger ⁇ 6 in one direction or the other. In straight alignment across the plunger they are on the dead center.
  • arm 27 V which is connected, by means of a link 27 a,- adjustable as to length by nuts, 27", with the electric switch knife 28 which is provided with two separate terminals 28a for the low speed and 28b for the high speed circuits of the driving motor.
  • the low speed switch pole 28a is extended out beyond thel radial line of the high speed switch 28", the parts being so arranged and proportionedv that the low speed terminal 28'a to close the low speed'circuit.
  • the switch'knife 28 On further forward swinging of the .lever 1 to high speed position, the switch'knife 28 will be moved further inward to engage also the high speed terminal 28".
  • the terminal 28c is common to both circuits.
  • both the centrifugal brake mechanism and the motor-controlling switch are actuated through a common. actuating member so that the brake must always be open when the switch is closed, and the brake may or may not be set according to its adjustment toidle or neutral position when the switch is open.
  • the adjustment of the heavy lever-actuating spring 9 makes it possible to get any desired degrec of tension and, consequently, any desired degree of braking action so as to determine with precision the rate of slowing down of the machine from highs d, preparatory to discharging the puri edsugar.
  • the timer mechanism o is mounted upon the sprayer im at the right hand side of theI machine.
  • the actuating drive for both the timer and the sprayer as shownin Figure 1, comprises a horizontal drrvmg pulley30, carried at the end of a swinging arm 31, which is fulcrumed above the timer 0," and which is normally kept pressed against the exterior of the basketshaft b byr a contractile spring 31a ,(Fig. 13).
  • This arm is hollow and carries an interior horizontal transmission shaft 32, having beveled gear connection at its outer end with the pulley 30, and at its innerv end with a vertical driving shaft 33, which extends down into the timer and carries a cam 51 for oscillating the sprayer-actuating arm 50 wollch is supported upon said cam by a roller s the details of constructionof the sprayer are not claimed herein as part of this invention, it will suffice, for present purposes, to state that the sprayer construction is very similar to. that shown -in Letters Patent granted me4 May 18, 1926 N o.
  • TheN reciprocating spray pi e is provided-1 withia horizontal pin 55d, w ich rests upon the outer end of the spray-actuating arm 50, .00
  • a forked arm 58 On the opposite side of the shaft-57 projects a forked arm 58, having 120 pivotal connection with a vertical latch or catch 60 whose lower end is connected by means of a contractile spring 58, carried by a stud or screw 58'L secured to the h ub of the arm 58 so that the tension of the spring tends 1521 to'draw in the lower end of the latch 60 and yieldingly move outward the upper end of the latch.
  • the latch 60 is formed, near its u per end, with a shoulder or abutment 60,
  • This latch when the valve is closed by the spring 57h, 'has its stop shoulder 6()a normally spaced ⁇ some distance above the fixed.
  • the latch Near its upper end the latch carries a pivotal dog or-nger 60", adapted to be engaged by a projection 45 on a rot-at' r low the horizontal; hence the downward -movement,4 of the swell or projection 45d serves to depress or push down the latch 60 so that, when the shoulder 6()a comes below ⁇ the level of the stop 61, the contractile spring 58b swings the latch 60 into stop engagement with the fixed stopA 61, in which.
  • valve stem is raised to open the valve and allow the sprayer to function.
  • timer sha t 431s mounted a Spanner head or nut 43, to which is pinned a spiral spring 43", the outer end of which spring is anchored to a fixed pin 43, on the timer casing o, which permits adjustment. of the spring tension as thelnut Iis turned one way'or the other.
  • the other4 end of thetimer-shaft v carries a 'circular head 44jformed with three peripheral ⁇ spaces to receive three timer rings 45,46 and 47,' each of which may be independently adjusted circumferential-ily of the timer head.
  • the respective rings carry peripheral swells or projections 45d, 46d andl 47d.
  • the three circumferentially adjustable 'timer rings are mounted on the space between the inner face-plate 48" and the outer face-plate 48, which are secured to opposite faces of the timerhead 44.
  • the outer plate 48 carries three bosses 48, at diiferent dis tances from the center, in which are mounted spring plungers 45, 46c and.47c,
  • each timer ring is provided with several radial holes or sockets 45, for the insertion of a spannerwrench or rod for facilitating ythe adjustment of the different rings.
  • a clutch-shaft or spindle 40 having splined to its outer end a doubled arm or yoke-like lever 19h, carrying opposed setserews-19c i-n line with an intermediate lever or arm 19 which is loosely fulcrumed on the clutch spindle 40.
  • One end of this arm 19 ⁇ is pivotally connected by pivot-pin 18L with the connecting link 18, which extends upwardly to the rockshaft 17, which is interconnected with the main lever 1, as above described.
  • the other end of the lever 19 projects across the intermediate-timer-ring 46, in positionV to be engaged' by the swell or projection 46d, on its intermediate ring.
  • thev swell 45d on the outer timerring, after a predetermined are of rotation, according to its adjustment, engages the dog G0, forcing down Lthe latch 60 into engagement with its stop member 6l, so that the sprayer-valve is opened and maintained in opened position until the swell 47, on the innermost ring 47, engages the trip' lever 62 and disengages ythe latch 60 from stop G1 to allow the valve to close under the tension of spring 57".
  • the spring acts to return the/tnnerlshaft-to zero orsstartingposition'against a stop, as
  • Figure 10 which comprises a pivotal stop-dog mounted on the timerframe or casing o', liavingits outer end projecting outward, and carrying a buffer 65a of rubber or the like to engage a co-operating arm 66, projecting from and secured to the hub of the timer-head.
  • 'Ihe stop' dog 65 is pivoted instead of being rigidly secured to the casing, in order to permit the free revolution of the head in adirection to i wind up the spring.
  • lAs the rearV face of the projecting end of the stop-dog 65 is beveled,
  • the dog easily yields when the stop abutment v66 strikes it from the rear to allow the stop abutment to pass by.
  • the gravity of the longer arm of the dog 65v tends to keep it in horizontal position since its inner end abuts against a fixed stop or rib 67 on the casing.
  • the circumferential spacing between the swells 45d and 47 will determine the duration of the period of spraying, and it will be equally clear that the circumferential adjustment of the member 45d determines the duration of ⁇ the sprayingperiod.
  • a centrifugal apparatus the combination with a centrifugal and its driving means, of a starting lever adapted to be shifted to normal operative position at the will of the operator, a sprayer, a controller set in operation by the movement of said lever to operative position, said controller having three adjustable elements acting respectively to start and to stop the sprayer after predetermined but variable intervals, and to shift the lever to idle position to allow the centrifugal to stop.
  • a starting and stopping mechanism for a centrifugal embracing a pivotal lever movable to starting position against spring tension, an interconnected brake actuated by spring tension to be set to brake the centrifugal when the lever returns to idle position, means for retaining the lever in different positions to impart diflerent speeds of rotation to the centrifugal without allowing the brake to set at either speed, and means for automatically releasing the lever from normal operative position after a predetermined period to stop the centrifugal.
  • a starting element movable by hand from idle position to normal operative position against yielding resistance tending to return it to idle position
  • a brake and a motor switch operatively interconnected with said starting element, to be moved to idle position and to circuit-closing position respectively by the movement of the starting element from idle to operative position
  • means for releasably locking the starting element. against return to idle position and means driven by the centrifugal for releasing said locking means after a predetermined period.
  • Iii an automatically controlled centrifugal apparatus, the combination of a starting element adapted to be moved from idle to operative position against a yielding and adjustable resistance tending to return said starting element to idle position, a brake operatively connected with said lever to beset to braking position when the starting element is moved to idle position and to be released when the starting element is moved away from idle position, a motor switch arranged to close in succession low speed and high speed motor energizing circuits by the movement of the starting element and timing means arranged to release the lever from high speed position.
  • a pivotal starting lever movable manually to operative position
  • a detent for releasably locking it in said position
  • a brake for closing low speed and high speed circuits of the driving motor
  • a common spring acting to move said' lever to idle position and set said spring and open said switch
  • timer means ⁇ connected with said detent to act after a predetermined and variable period to release said detent and allow said spring to open the switch and set the brake.
  • the combination with av DC centrifugal of means for manually starting and automatically stopping the centrifugal, a sprayer, a rotary timing controller driven by a releasable connection with the centrifugal, said timer having circumferentially adjustable members for turning on the spray aft-cr a predetermined interval following the starting of the centrifugal, for stopping the spray and for stopping the centrifugal and releasing its own driving connection with the centrifugal ⁇ respectively, and means for returning the timing controller to initial position when its operat-ive connection with the centrifugal is released.
  • a startinglever movable at will against the resistance of a return spring and having operative connections with the brake and with the starting switch of the motor, a sprayer, a timer for starting and stopping the sprayer, a timer starting element acting toretain the aforesaid starting lever in its operative position, said timer starting element beingl itself releasable by the action of the timer to stop the centrifugal at a 'predetermined interval after the sprayer has been stopped.
  • a two-speed motor controlling switch combined with brake-actuating means, both movable to centrifugal operating position against resistance of a return spring, a sprayer, a timer controlling the starting and stopping of the sprayer while the centrifugal is running, timer starting means acting to prevent the return of the switch and brake to centrifugal non-operatiiig position until the timer starting means is itself released by the timer.
  • a starting element movable by the operator against resistance of a return spring to first and second positions in succession, said starting element having connection with the brake to unset the brake before the starting element reaches either speed driving position, a sprayer, a. timer controlling tlie starting and stopping of the sprayer at predetermined intervals after starting the centrifugal, a timer starting element arranged to prevent the return spring from acting to cause the stopping of the centrifugal and being itself released by the timer after the sprayer has stopped to allow the stopping of the centrifugal.
  • a starting element having actuating connection with said driving means and with said brake and movable to brake unsetting position before reaching operative driving position, means acting to return the starting element from normal centrifugal opera-ting position to initial non-operating and brake setting position.
  • a starting member operatively combined with the mot-or switch and with the brake and movable to centrifugal operating position, a sprayer, timing means for starting and stopping the sprayer at prede.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US146433A 1926-11-05 1926-11-05 Centrifugal apparatus Expired - Lifetime US1719132A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US146433A US1719132A (en) 1926-11-05 1926-11-05 Centrifugal apparatus
DER72373D DE483814C (de) 1926-11-05 1927-09-23 Haengende Schleuder, insbesondere fuer Zucker
FR644562D FR644562A (fr) 1926-11-05 1927-10-04 Essoreuse perfectionnée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US146433A US1719132A (en) 1926-11-05 1926-11-05 Centrifugal apparatus

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US1719132A true US1719132A (en) 1929-07-02

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US146433A Expired - Lifetime US1719132A (en) 1926-11-05 1926-11-05 Centrifugal apparatus

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DE (1) DE483814C (fr)
FR (1) FR644562A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210291184A1 (en) * 2014-05-16 2021-09-23 Qvella Corporation Apparatus, system and method for performing automated centrifugal separation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE755165C (de) * 1935-01-27 1952-10-13 Siemens Schuckertwerke A G Einrichtung zum Steuern von elektrisch angetriebenen Schleudern, insbesondere Zuckerschleudern

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210291184A1 (en) * 2014-05-16 2021-09-23 Qvella Corporation Apparatus, system and method for performing automated centrifugal separation
US11738343B2 (en) * 2014-05-16 2023-08-29 Qvella Corporation Apparatus, system and method for performing automated centrifugal separation

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Publication number Publication date
FR644562A (fr) 1928-10-10
DE483814C (de) 1929-10-14

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