US1769848A - Ignition device for projectiles - Google Patents

Ignition device for projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US1769848A
US1769848A US180277A US18027727A US1769848A US 1769848 A US1769848 A US 1769848A US 180277 A US180277 A US 180277A US 18027727 A US18027727 A US 18027727A US 1769848 A US1769848 A US 1769848A
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United States
Prior art keywords
inertia
projectile
ignition
casing
sleeve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US180277A
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English (en)
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Lebensart Salamon
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F42C1/06—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact for any direction of impact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved fuse equipped with at least one auto- 'matic safety device; and it isespecially intended for hand grenades and similar pro- 5 jectiles.
  • the automatic operation -of the safety devices, in such projectiles, must occur regardless of the direction of the exter# nal forces of movement.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a grenade embodying the invention, with the various parts in normal position of rest;
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views showing the position of the parts whenl the grenade is being projected, and during flight, respectively, while -Fi 4 shows the parts at the end of impact ;
  • Y Tig. 5 represents the safety position of the parts'in case the grenade has gone blind;
  • Fig. 6 shows the .parts in latched .position brought about by the projectile being subjected to a 'sudden shock at too near a distance to the gun or the thrower.
  • The-ignitionelements are the firing-pin A and the cap B.
  • the safety element consists essentially of an annular spring R, having a constant tendency to contract, while the inertiabcdyywhich actuates the safety dYlQeS,
  • the projectile may be thrown by hand, or it may be-red or hurled from a gun or other f weapon, in any desired direction relatively to the axis of the projectile, thus producing a relative axial movement of the two inertia sleeves N and ZQ
  • one or the other sleeve will move (Fig. 2), in consequence of its inertia; while if thrown in an axially oblique direction, for instance, in the direction of the arrow Y1 in Fig. 2, both sleeves move simultaneously in consequence of their sliding contact with 'the curved guide surfaces G, H1 and H2.
  • the diameter of the lateral flange Zs which Y terminates the intermediate inclined surface Z2 is such that the spring ring R comes to bear against said flange under the influence of the inertia forces set up by projectiomand is not forced over the flange.
  • ignition cannot 006111', being prevented by the lsafety spring R when the latter is in the position shown in Fig. 2.
  • the sleeve V is loose on sleeve N and, as shown, is of inverted rusto-conical form, and its upper or larger base V2 normally fits in a seat N8 provided for it in sleeve N and projects slightly beyond the same, thus producing a shoulder or edge over which the spring ring R will snap under certain conditions, as explained hereinafter.
  • ring W loosel-y encircles sleeve V under ordinary conditions, so that it is free to move in the annular space between sleeve N and its outwardly and downwardly bent portion N1.
  • lits ⁇ surface W1 is inclined ⁇ or tapered and itis also provided with a bottom edge or shoulder W2 against which the spring E bears during its upward sliding movement along the inclined surfaces Z2 4and Z1 on sleeve Z, in consequence whereof ring W will likewise be forced slightly forward with sleeve N, and ring R will move within the confines of ring W, as indicated in Fig. 3.
  • the ignition elements A and B are caused to approach each other, independently of the direction or angle of impact, Yby way of example a lateral impact, in the directionof the arrow Y2 is assumed in Fig. 4.' Due to the continued approach of said elements, the percussion capv is ignited and explosion then takes'place by reason of the sparks from the cap encountering the detonator cap inserted in the cas-- ing at H8 but not shown.. As will be seen from Fig.
  • the spring ring R at the moment of impact, snaps behind the edge or shoulder V2 of the sleeve V and comes to a stop in engagement with the tapered surface N5 of sleeve N just above the sleeve V; .and if, for any reason, the shot is blank or blind, orif the parts-have remained uninjured, the spring R will move, after the impact and in consequence of its elasticity,
  • an abnormally-great play or lost-motion travel indicated by the lines' b, d1, d2 (Fig. l), is provided, amounting toat least l1/2 mm.; and the said inertia bodies have to undergo these movements before the counter-action of the ignition elements A and B begins.
  • the casing forms a stop which allows only a limited-transverse movement of cap B.
  • a special intermediate guide Harige Z8 is provided on the sleeve Z, by means of which that sleeve is controlled by the cooperating'curved guide surface H1 ofthe casing. ⁇
  • the sleeve Z can be controlled entirely by this flange Z,
  • the sleeve Z is guided or controlled first by its rear end Z12 and .then by its intermediate part or flange Z8.
  • the guide surface at the side of the cap B is, accordingly, divided into two parts H1 and H2 which are relatively displaced axially and at least one of which forms an annular surface.
  • the ignition elements A, B are located in the space between the two parts H1 and H2 in the tapered portion H2, in consequence of which the part H2 acts only at the beginningas a' guide surface, since after a certain minimum ⁇ extent of the side movement, the flangeZs comes-into.
  • the relatively-movable parts of the inertia body must be accurately guided -relatively to each other at least during their operative action.
  • the sleeves N and Z constitute the main parts of the inertia body, in the movement and action of the latter, and the guiding of ⁇ these parts relatively to each other must, in particular, be accurate.
  • as great a length of guiding' surface as possible is provided on the sleeves N and Z; both of them being extend-A -ed on the side of the ignition cap in the form of a ta ered prolongation.
  • the cap B (or its carrier Z) is formed as aninwardlypromoting ',sofcliet. which is surrounded by the guide portion Z11 of'sleeve' Z ; ⁇ and as a further corfsequen'ce -of this,- the in A is not located 'at the end'of the sleeve but at a certain distance. back therefrom in a recess N2,
  • the spring In the position illustrated in Fig. 1, the spring seats in a ca e N3, located at the lower end of the turne -back portion N1.
  • the top wall of the cage is formed by the edge N2, which is of smaller diameter than the outer wall of the cage; the result being, on the one hand, that the spring is constrained to work with the edge N2 until it takes the flight position (Fig. 3) and, on the other hand, in consequence of the width of the cage, the spring is given sufiicient vspace for its lexpansion movement while on the outwardlytapering sleeve V. ⁇
  • This seat or recess is kept closed by the action of the spring itself in its flight position (Fig. 3), and is also unclosed by the spring in its movement from its ignition position (Fig. 4)v into the blind shot safety position (Fig. 5).
  • the surfaces V1 and Nl5 are tapered in vof flange Z1, since it previously lies in the annular. space between said flange and the edge W2 of ring W, into which space l it lllO initially moves on being forced downward 'from 'engagement with saidring.
  • the transverse flange Z8' y is given such size and is so located that the spring yR only comes into contact with the edge of said Harige.
  • annular rib Z1 is provided behind said groove, with which a similar rib N10 formed on the bottom face of shoulder N2 is adapted to interlock on impact (Fig. 4)
  • the invention is not limited to ignition devicesof the impact type, but can also be employed to a certain extent in time fuses.
  • the two sleeves, operating the projection safety device could operate, for example, a friction ignition wire Ain their movement from the position of Fig. 2 to that of Fig. 3, which wire would start a liame igniter.
  • the sleeves N and Z need not necessarily act as the inertia body which actuates also the ignition elements A, B, vas those elements could be mounted and arranged on some other parts than the sleeves and which could be suitably connected with the safety parts.
  • Q A projectile according to claim 1, in i which one member of the inertia bodyy isv formed with an annular groove to receive the spring ring under predetermined conditions, whereby the relative movement of the two members is prevented.
  • inertia bodyy areformed as guide surfaces for controllingthe kmovements of the spring ring.
  • a projectile the combination of ignition devices; a universally-movable inertia body for operating the same comprising two slidably related members movable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia produced bv the action of external forces on the projectile; and an annular safety device encircling the inertia body to be controlled by the operation thereof and itself controlling the operation of the ignition devices.
  • a projectile in which one member of the inertia body is formed with an annular groove to receive the safety device under predetermined conditions, whereby the relative movement of the two members is prevented.
  • a projectile in which the edges of the members of the inertia body are formed as 'guide surfaces to control the movements of the annular safety device.
  • a projectile in which one member of the inertia body is formed with an annular groove to receive the safety device under predetermined conditions, whereby the relative movement of the two members is prevented; and in which means are provided for resisting the entrance of the safety device into such groove.
  • a projectile in which one member of the inertia body is formed with an annular groove to receive the safety device under predetermined conditions, whereby the relative movement of the two members is prevented; and in'which a transversely-disposed member is provided on the grooved member to resist the entrance of the safety device into such groove.
  • a projectile in which one member of the inertia body comprises spaced outer and innerannular parts, the space between which is ada ted to slidably receive another member o said body, whereby, in the relative movement of sa1d members, the safety device is actuated.
  • a projectile the combination of a casing; ignition devices enclosed therein; a safety device in said casing actuated bythe external throwing forces for preventing ignition during throwing; a universally-movable inertia bodyein the casing for actuating and releasing-the safety device regardless of the direction of said throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile, said inertia body .comprising two slidably related members .movable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwing forces' and means for guiding the inertia body 1n its transverse movements.
  • acasing In a projectile, the combination of acasing; ignition devices enclosed thereinga universally-movable inertia body in said casing for operating the ignition devices and comprising two slidably related members movable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia 'produced by the action of the external throwing forces exerted u on the rojectile; means for guiding said ody in its transverse movements; and a safety device in the casing actuated by said external throwing forces for preventing ignition during throwing and itself actuated 'and released ⁇ by v the members of the inertial body regardless of the direction of said external forces -With relation to the axis lof the projectile.
  • said safety device in said casing for preventing i nition during throwing; a universally-movaIile inertia body in the casing for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of the external throwing forces with relation lto the axis ofthe projec.- tile, said inertia body comprising two telescoping'members mounted for relative sliding movement consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwin forces; and means for guiding the inertia ⁇ ody 1n its transverse movements.
  • tion devices a safety device actuated by the external throwing forces for preventing ignition during throwing; a universally-movable inertia body for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of said throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile, said inertia body comprising two slidably related members movable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwing forces; and a casing wherein the ignition devices and the inertia body are enclosed, said j casing having portions thereof constituting guides for coaction with said body to control its transverse movements.
  • a projectile the combination of a casing; ignition devices enclosed therein; la safety device in said casing for preventing ignit-ion during throwing; a universally-movable inertia body in the casing for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of the external throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile, said inertia body comprising two telescoping members mounted for relative sliding movement upon each other consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwing forces, one of said members havin a long lost-motion movement to execute be ore ignition is leffected; and means for guiding the inertia body in its movements.
  • vsafety device in said casing for preventing 1gn1t1on during throwing; a universally-l movable inertia body in the casing for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of the external throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile, said inertia body comprising two slidably related members movable relatively to-each other consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwing forces; means for guiding the inertia body in its transverse movements; and abutments, additional to said guiding means, against Which :said body strikes in its transverse movement and is thereby stopped at the point where it is struck, while at other points it is caused to execute a swinging movement.
  • ign-ition devices a safety device for preventing ignition during throwing
  • a universallymovable inertia body for actuating and reenclosed, said casing having annular guide portions for coaction with the inertia body at at least one point intermediate its ends to control the transverse movements of said body.
  • a projectile, according to claini'l-8, in which the point where ignition occurs is located between two guide portions.
  • a projectile the combination of a casing; ignition devices enclosed therein; a safety device in said casing for preventing ignition during throwing; and a universallymovable inertia body in the casing for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of the external throwing forces
  • said inertia body comprising two telescoping sleeves slidable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia produced by said throwing forces.
  • universally-movable inertia body comprising two telescoping sleeves slidable relatively to eachother consequent upon the inertia pro-v quizd by the action of external throwing forces upon the-projectile; a firing pin carried by one sleeve; a percussion cap carried by the other sleeve to be ignited by the firing-pin; a safety device for preventing ignition during throwingsaid safety device being actuated and released by the inertia body regardless of the direction of said throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile and a casing whereinthe two sleeves of the inertia body, the parts carried thereby and they safety device are enclosed.
  • a universally-movable inertia body comprising two telescoping sleeves slidable relatively to each other consequent upon the inertia propin mounted in said extension; a cap disposed in said socket in line with said pin; a' safety vdevice for preventing ignition during throwing, said safety device being actuated and released by the inertia body regardless of the direction of said throwing forces with relation to the axis of the projectile; and a casing wherein the two Vsleeves of the inertia body, the parts carried thereby, and the safety device are enclosed.
  • the combination of ignition devices a safety device for prevent- .ing ignition during throwing; a universallymovable inertia body for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the direction of the external throwing devices with relation to the axis of the projectile; and
  • a projectile In a projectile; the combination of ignition devices; a safety device'for preventing ignition during throwing; a universallymovable inertia body for actuating and releasing the safety device regardless of the directionof the external throwing devices with relation to the axis of the rojectile; and a casing wherein the ignition evices and the inertia body are enclosed, said casing hav ing portions thwereof constituting guides for imparting lateral movements of different ex- 'tents to the opposite ends of said body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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US180277A 1926-07-28 1927-04-01 Ignition device for projectiles Expired - Lifetime US1769848A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT127811X 1926-07-28

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US1769848A true US1769848A (en) 1930-07-01

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US180277A Expired - Lifetime US1769848A (en) 1926-07-28 1927-04-01 Ignition device for projectiles

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US (1) US1769848A (de)
CH (1) CH127811A (de)
DE (1) DE480656C (de)
FR (1) FR640610A (de)
GB (1) GB275224A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419967A (en) * 1943-07-05 1947-05-06 Louis J Rhein Fuse

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419967A (en) * 1943-07-05 1947-05-06 Louis J Rhein Fuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB275224A (en) 1927-11-10
FR640610A (fr) 1928-07-18
CH127811A (de) 1928-09-17
DE480656C (de) 1929-08-07

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