US1794945A - Tap-changing system - Google Patents

Tap-changing system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1794945A
US1794945A US298890A US29889028A US1794945A US 1794945 A US1794945 A US 1794945A US 298890 A US298890 A US 298890A US 29889028 A US29889028 A US 29889028A US 1794945 A US1794945 A US 1794945A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
windings
transformer
voltages
phase
conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US298890A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Horace L Cole
Robert B George
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US298890A priority Critical patent/US1794945A/en
Priority to FR679962D priority patent/FR679962A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1794945A publication Critical patent/US1794945A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings

Definitions

  • Our invention relates generally to transformers and particularly to tap changing systems for transfori'ners
  • ⁇ Ve have provided a transformer system wherein one tap changer is arranged for phase control and another tap changer is arranged for voltage control, so that, by proper manipulation of the two tap changers the ratio of transformation may be changed without changing the phase displacement, the phase displacement may be varied without changing the ratio of transformation, or the phase displacement may be changed simultaneously with a change in the ratio of transformation in the transformer system.
  • the object of our invention is to provide a tap changing system for a transformer wherein the ratio of transformation in the transformer, or the phase displacement, or both, may be varied.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide a tap changing system for a transformer wherein the ratio of transformation may be controlled without substantially disturbing the phase relation.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide a tap changing system for a transformer wherein the phase displacement may be controlled without substantially disturbing the ratio of transformation.
  • a more specific object of our invention is to provide a polyphase system of auto transformers wherein a winding is connected in delta relation between phases and the phase position of the voltage in the windings varied to change the phase displacement between incoming and outgoing lines.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a bank of transformers connected to power lines in accordance with our invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relation of the various windings of our transformer system in accordance with the direction of voltages in the windings when in their normal position.
  • Fig. 3 is a vector diagram showing the direction and magnitude of the voltages in the windings of the transformer system connect ed in accordance with Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the relation of transformer windings in the system of Fig. 2 when one adjustment has been made in accordance with our invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a vector diagram showing the direction in magnitude of voltages in the system of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relation of windings in the transformer system of F igs. 1, 2 and 4 when a second adjustment has been made in accordance with our invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a vector diagram showing the direction and magnitude of voltages in the transformer system of Fig. 6.
  • a bank of transformers 10 is shown interconnecting two powor lines 11 and 12. and it is desired to be able to control the difference in voltages between the power lines 11 and 12 as well as the phase displacement between these voltages.
  • the bank of transformers 10 comprises three transformer windings 13, 14 and 15, each connecting corresponding phases of the power lines 11 and 12.
  • Each of the transformer windings 13, 14 and15 is provided with two tap changing devices, one of which varies the position of connection of the conductors 16, 17 and 18 to the windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively, and the other of which varies the point of connection of the conductors 22, 23 and 24 of the power line 12 to the windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively.
  • a plurality of transformer windings 19, 20 and 21 inductively related to the windings 13, 14, and 15, respectively, are connected in delta relation and have their terminals connected through the conductors 16, 17 and 18 to intermediate points on the windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively, and these points of connection may be varied as mentioned above. The.
  • the voltage between the phases of the power line 11 is represented by the vectors 25-26, 26-27 and 27-25 and the voltage between phases of the power line 12 is represented by the vectors 22-23, 23-24 and 24-23. It will be apparent that if the length of the vectors 22-25, 23-26 and 24-27 is reduced, that the angle between the vectors 25-27 and 24-22, as well as the corresponding angles for the other phases will also be decreased, and the variation in this angle represents a phase displacen'lent incident to a change in the magnitude of the voltage components represented by the vectors 22-25, 23-26 and 24-27. Although such a change of connections also influences the magnitude of the voltages represented by vectors 24-22, 25-27 and the corresponding voltages in other phases, the magnitudes of all these voltages are varied in the same proportion so that the ratio of transformation is substantially undisturbed.
  • the positions of the delta connected windings 19, 20 and 21 may be varied relative to the windings 13, 14 and 15 to effect a change in the ratio of transformation. It will be apparent that when the position of the delta connected windings relative to the windings 13, 14 and 15 is altered, as shown in Fig. 4, that the same number of turns exist between phases, but that more turns are energized with power from one phase than are energized with power from another phase, and, in this way, the resultant voltage in the individual windings 19, 20 and 21 of the delta, have their phase position and magnitude changed in accordance with the point of connection to the auto transformer windings 13, 14 and 15. However, no relative phase displacement occurs between the voltages of the power lines 11 and 12 in this case since the phase position of the voltage in each line is shifted the sa-meamount by such a change in connections.
  • the tap changing device employed with a system of thiskind must operate to change the point of connection of the conductors 16, 17 and 18 simultaneously and a corresponding amount in the same direction; the same is also true of the tap changer employed to vary the point of I connection between the conductors 22, 23 and 24 with the transformer windings 13, 14 and 15.
  • Fig. 4 shows a transformer system after an adjustment has been made which influences the ratio of voltage transformation in the system and which does not noticeably influence the phase displacement between the terminal voltages of the power lines 11 and 12. Accordingly from Figs. 3 and 5 it will be observed that the vector 27-25 is longer than the vector 27-25, but the vector 24-22 is shorter than the vector 24-22, so that the ratio between the voltages of the lines 11-12 has been varied by the change (if connections.
  • Fig. 6 the windings are shown after a tap changer has operated to change the point of connection between the conductors 22, 23 and 24 and the auto-transformer windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively, so that the number of effective turns in the auto transformer windings between the power line 11 and the power line 12 have been reduced to vary the phase displacement between the phase voltages of the power lines 11 and 12.
  • ⁇ Vith the connection shown in Fig. 6 the other tap changer must have been operated to bring the comtluctors 16, 17 and 18 to the midpoint ofthe effective windings in the auto transformers 13, 14 and 15.
  • This connection has, however, been shown for the sake of clear ness in explaining that the phase displacement between the power lines 11 and 12 may be changed without substantially varying the ratio of voltage transformation in the system.
  • the angle formed by the intersection of the vectors 2 .-22 and 2T25 is considerably less than the angle formed by the vectors 2l--912 and 27-23. respectively, so that by varying the connections of the conductors 22, 22-5 and 21 with the auto transformer windings 13. 11 and 15, the phase displacement between the voltages of the power lines 11 and 12 may be 'aricd without substantially disturb ing the ratio of voltage transformation in the transformer system.
  • the conductors 16. and 25 may be considered as con nectcd together and s milarly the conductors 17, 223 and 26 as well as 18, 24 and 27.
  • the windings 1;); 11 and 15 will be by-passcd and the windings l9.
  • Qtl and 21 will be connected across the line as pure impedances. Accordingly. there will be. no phase displacement and the ratio of the voltage of the line 11 to the voltage of the line 1; will he one to one. If the comluctors Q2,
  • the conductors 16, 17 and 18 are alsomoved so that they are continuously connect ed to a point on the windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively, which is midway bet-ween the conductors 22, 23 and 21 and conductors 25, 26 and 27, resp ctively, the ratio of voltages of the lines 11 and 12 will remain aSHOne to one. If, however, the conductors 16, 17 and 18 are not connected to the mid-point of the effective portion of the windings 13, 14 and 15, respectively, a change in the ratio of Voltages will occur, the magnitude and direotion of which will be dependent upon the direction and amount of offset from the midpoint to the connection of the conductors 16, 17 and 18.
  • any desired voltage variation or phase displacement which is within the operating limits of the apparatus may be obtained while" the other is kept constant.
  • a slight voltage variation takes place between the connections shown in Fig. 2 and those shown in Fig. 4
  • a slight change in phase displacement occurs between the connections shown in Fig. 2 and those shown in Fig. 6, but such differences are well within the normal operating limits of such systems but however, by performing two operations together the discrepancies of the one connection will be compensated for by the discrepancies of the other connection, and by suitable manipulation of the two variable connections, it is readily possible to obtain any desired ratio of transformation or phase displacement without influencing the other.
  • a transformer system a. pair of power circuits each comprising a plurality of power circuitconductors and a corresponding plurality of variable windings connected in series circuit relation with said con ductors, a plurality of windings inductively related to said variable windings and each connected between intermediate points of adjacent. variable windings, means for varying the point of connection between said last named and said variable windings, and means for varying the voltage in said variable winding whereby a variation in the phase displacement and in the voltage ratio is obtained between said power circuits.
  • two power lines each comprising a like number of conductors, variable transformer windings connected between corresponding conductors of the two power lines, a bank of transformer windings inductively related to said variable windings and connected together in delta relation and between intermediate points on said variable transformer windings, means for varying the effective turns in said variable transformer windings, and means for varying the points of interconnection between said variable transformer windings and said bank of transformers.
  • a polyphase transformer bank comprising a plurality of variable windings, a plurality of fixed windings connected between said variable windings and across phases, means for varying the effective number of turns of said variable windings and means for varying the points of connection between said fixed windings and said variable windings whereby the voltage components may be varied.
  • a transformer system primary and secondary power lines, auto transformers connecting corresponding phases of the power lines, means for varying the auto transformers to vary the phase displacement between voltages of the power lines, a plurality of windings connected between phases and means for varying the turns between phases to vary the ratio of transformation in the system.
  • a three-phase transformer system comprising, in combination, a plurality of windings having out-of-phase voltages, a plurality of windings disposed in delta relation and connected to intermediate points on said first mentioned windings, and means for changing the points of said connection whereby the phase position of the voltage in said last mentioned winding is varied.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
US298890A 1928-08-11 1928-08-11 Tap-changing system Expired - Lifetime US1794945A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US298890A US1794945A (en) 1928-08-11 1928-08-11 Tap-changing system
FR679962D FR679962A (fr) 1928-08-11 1929-08-06 Perfectionnements aux systèmes de changements de prises

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US298890A US1794945A (en) 1928-08-11 1928-08-11 Tap-changing system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1794945A true US1794945A (en) 1931-03-03

Family

ID=23152417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US298890A Expired - Lifetime US1794945A (en) 1928-08-11 1928-08-11 Tap-changing system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US1794945A (fr)
FR (1) FR679962A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2583167A (en) * 1947-10-03 1952-01-22 Corbino Ugo Nonsymmetrical multipolar electric energy distribution system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3342210A1 (de) * 1983-11-23 1985-05-30 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Hgue-kraftwerkstation mit maschinentransformator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2583167A (en) * 1947-10-03 1952-01-22 Corbino Ugo Nonsymmetrical multipolar electric energy distribution system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR679962A (fr) 1930-04-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5408171A (en) Combined solid-state and mechanically-switched transformer tap-changer
US4156174A (en) Phase-angle regulator
US1794945A (en) Tap-changing system
US3690739A (en) Phase-angle regulator
US3454866A (en) Regulating transformer arrangement with tap changing means
US2292829A (en) Transformer
US2330088A (en) Transformer system
AU2021338484A1 (en) Phase shifting transformers comprising a single coil for two exciting windings for voltage regulation and for phase shift angle regulation
US3319120A (en) Protection means for single-phase capacitor bank
US3254295A (en) Buck boost transformer voltage controller with tap changing transformer system
US1847920A (en) Voltage regulating method and system
US2421300A (en) Transformer circuit
US3374426A (en) Voltage regulated polyphase auto transformer
US1959162A (en) Electrical distribution system
US3200325A (en) Tap changing voltage regulator for single phase three-wire system
US2196029A (en) Electric circuit
US1871168A (en) Tap changing system
US1963195A (en) Symmetrical component system
US1961801A (en) Transformer voltage regulating system
US2421299A (en) Transformer connection
US2381768A (en) Electric circuit
US1620619A (en) Transformer-voltage-regulating system
US1396826A (en) Electrical distributing system
US764213A (en) System of electrical distribution.
US1722181A (en) Three-phase transformer