US1817321A - Firearm - Google Patents

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Publication number
US1817321A
US1817321A US402170A US40217029A US1817321A US 1817321 A US1817321 A US 1817321A US 402170 A US402170 A US 402170A US 40217029 A US40217029 A US 40217029A US 1817321 A US1817321 A US 1817321A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
actuator
bolt
weight
gun
guns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US402170A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oscar V Payne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AUTO ORDNANCE CORP
AUTO-ORDNANCE Corp
Original Assignee
AUTO ORDNANCE CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AUTO ORDNANCE CORP filed Critical AUTO ORDNANCE CORP
Priority to US402170A priority Critical patent/US1817321A/en
Priority to CH155498D priority patent/CH155498A/de
Priority to GB31985/30A priority patent/GB365645A/en
Priority to FR704310D priority patent/FR704310A/fr
Priority to DE1930593603D priority patent/DE593603C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1817321A publication Critical patent/US1817321A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/54—Bolt locks of the unlocked type, i.e. being inertia operated
    • F41A3/56—Bolt locks of the unlocked type, i.e. being inertia operated the bolt being provided with an additional slidable mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/03—Shot-velocity control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to guns of the type having mechanism operable in response to breech pressure, such as automatic rifles, machine guns or submachine guns operating on the Blish principle as disclosed for example in the patents to Blish No. 1,131,319 and to Eickhof No. 1,403,492.
  • Firearms of this general class operate exceedingly fast, ring at the rate of eight or nine hundred or even more shots per minute.
  • these guns find their principal utility in military operations where, with the exception of guns for aircraft, such rapid operation is neither necessary nor desirable, principally because of the diiiculty of maintaining an adequate supply of ammunition available for immediate use.
  • a gun ring approximately five or six hundred shots per minute would be as' effective for these purposes as guns operating much faster and vwould have the advantage of being more economical of ammunition.
  • Objects of the present invention are to improve guns of the class described by providing means for slowing down the action thereof; to provide for accomplishing this without increasing the size or total weight of a gun to an objectionable extent; to slow down the action of such guns by adding weight to the actuator thereof; and to provide for incorporating these improvements in existing guns by providing an actuator of requisite weight and also adapted to be substituted for an actuator in an existing gun.
  • the rate of firing of a gun of the class described is reduced by adding weight to the actuator so as to increase the inertia of'this part.
  • the added weight is vdistributed substantially equally longitudinally and transversely of an actuator of an existing type so that the latter may be useful in existing guns.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a gun showing the recoil mechanism in section;
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively ⁇ top plan and side elevational views of the actuator shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a rear end elevation of the actuator Fig. 5 is any transverse section through the body of the actuator, as a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a rear end elevation of the buffer shown in Fig. 1, showing the washer assembled thereon;
  • Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1.
  • This' gun as shown comprises the receiver 1() having a bolt member l1 of channel section operable therein and carrying the hammer 12, the liring pin 13 and the firing pin spring 14.
  • An actuator 16 is adapted to ride in the longitudinal channel 15 in the bolt and has a transverse slot 17 for engagement with the lockv 181in the usual manner.
  • the recoil spring 19 seats .upon the buffer 21, the latter being preferably in the form of an elongate rod 22 which serves as a guide for the recoil spring and carries the collar 23 which provides a seat for this spring.
  • the buHer also has a rearward extension 24 which preferably is of a diameter to fit the hole 26 as provided in the breech wall 25 of standard guns.
  • a washer 27 of fiber or other suitable material is interposed between the breech wall
  • the latter is made in the form of an elongate body of rectangular cross section, and a holev or longitudinal bore A28 of, relatively small diameter is formed inpthis body to receive the recoil spring which likewise is of correspondingly small diameter.
  • the actuator 16 may be regarded as an actuator of the well-known type, as shown in the aforementioned patent to Eickholi", which has been modified to embody the features of the present invention.
  • the actuator may be regarded as comprising a body portion 31 having a rearwardly extending tailpiece 32 to which weight has been added by welding or otherwise incorporating with the body portion 31 and tailpiece 32 an elongate block 33 joining said parts along the dotted line 34 in Fig. 3.
  • the amount of weight to be added to an actuator to attain these desirable results will vary under different conditions. It will be apparent that variations in weight of any part' of the operating mechanism produce a certain amount of change of speed irrespective of the weight of the other parts, and that the weight of the actuator may also be increased with the size of the cartridge charge (maximum breech pressure). Ordinarily the locking angle is varied'with the pressure, being made more abrupt (i. e.,'more nearly perpendicular to the line of breech pressure) with increase of maximum pressure, so that the residual pressure at the moment of unlocking is kept approximately the same for different guns designed to use cartridges of different sizes.
  • vactuator should weigh less than ten ounces and more than four ounces. If the actuator is made too heavy the gun will not operate at all and of course vif it is actuator weighing more than approximately one-fourth the weight of the bolt.
  • the combination of al bolt member comprising a bolt proper and other parts carried thereby, a recoil spring, and an actuator which bears approximately the same relation to the bolt member and to the recoil spring, having regard for the size of ammunition, inertia of parts and force of the recoil spring, as an actuator weighing more than ive and less than ten ounces bears to a bolt member weighing approximately one pound and to a recoil spring having a force of approximately six pounds when the breech is closed in a caliber .45 firearm.
  • tiring mechanism comprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the firing mechanism, characterized in that the actuator carries at least substantially twice the weight required for strength and structural purposes, whereby the actuator may be eective for slowing down the action A of the firing mechanism.
  • firing mechanism comprising v relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the firing mechanism, the actuator being adapted 'to slow down the action of the firing mechanism and being characterized by being weighted so that it carries substantially more weight than that required for strength and for structural purposes.
  • firin mechanism comprising relatively mova le parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock, the bolt and the actuator having inclined surfaces cooperating with the lock for locking the bolt at explosion pressure and for releasing the bolt at lower pressures, characterized in that the actuator is weighted to carry a substantially greater weight than that required for strength and for structural purposes, whereby the actuator may be effective for slowing down the action of the firing mechanism.
  • the-combination with firing mechanism comprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the ac tuatorfor locking and releasing the firing mechanism, of means coacting directly with the actuator for slowing down the action the firing mechanism, the actuator being of the gun substantially below the normal rate of tiring.
  • firing mechanism comprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the firing mechanism
  • the actuator comprising an elongate member having a centrally disposed longitudinal bore extendmg from the rear end thereof to receive the recoil spring, the actuator being adapted to slow down the action of the liring mechanism by the material forming the bore whi h serves to weigh down the actuator, where y the latter may be effective for slowing down the action.
  • firing mechanism lcomprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the firing mechanism, the actuator comprising a body having a rearwardly extending top portion characterized by means for substantially loading this rearwardly extending top portion to provide suliicient weight to be effective materially to slow down the action of the gun.
  • the actuator' 100 comprising an elongate body of rectangular cross section having a substantially cylindrical passage extending longitudinally therein to receive the recoil spring characterized by that the material of the body forming the cylindrical passage provides weight adapted to weigh down the actuator, whereby the latter may be effective for slowing down the action of the gun.
  • firing mechanism comprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the firing mechanism, the actuator being movable relative to the bolt and being adapted to ,ride thereon, characterized by means carried by the actuator providing weight substantially greater than that required or mechanicalfunctions and adapted to slow down the action of the gun.
  • liring mechanism comprising relatively movable parts including a bolt, an actuator, and a lock cooperating with the bolt and with the actuator for locking and releasing the tiring mechanism, the actuator comprising a body portion having a seat for a recoil spring, the body portion of the actuator having surfaces extending rearward- 13a

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
US402170A 1929-10-24 1929-10-24 Firearm Expired - Lifetime US1817321A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US402170A US1817321A (en) 1929-10-24 1929-10-24 Firearm
CH155498D CH155498A (de) 1929-10-24 1930-10-23 Schnellfeuerwaffe.
GB31985/30A GB365645A (en) 1929-10-24 1930-10-24 Improved means for slowing down the rate of fire of automatic guns
FR704310D FR704310A (fr) 1929-10-24 1930-10-24 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de ralentissement de la cadence du feu, dans les fusils-mitrailleurs et autres armes automatiques
DE1930593603D DE593603C (de) 1929-10-24 1930-10-25 Schnellfeuerwaffe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US402170A US1817321A (en) 1929-10-24 1929-10-24 Firearm

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1817321A true US1817321A (en) 1931-08-04

Family

ID=23590813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US402170A Expired - Lifetime US1817321A (en) 1929-10-24 1929-10-24 Firearm

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1817321A (de)
CH (1) CH155498A (de)
DE (1) DE593603C (de)
FR (1) FR704310A (de)
GB (1) GB365645A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430489A (en) * 1943-04-16 1947-11-11 J A Cornett Breech mechanism for machine guns
US4827652A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-05-09 Martin Ernest J T Cocking-bar, target-framing and range-finding, carrying, hanging and standing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430489A (en) * 1943-04-16 1947-11-11 J A Cornett Breech mechanism for machine guns
US4827652A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-05-09 Martin Ernest J T Cocking-bar, target-framing and range-finding, carrying, hanging and standing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE593603C (de) 1934-03-01
CH155498A (de) 1932-06-30
GB365645A (en) 1932-01-25
FR704310A (fr) 1931-05-18

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