US1818339A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US1818339A
US1818339A US356423A US35642329A US1818339A US 1818339 A US1818339 A US 1818339A US 356423 A US356423 A US 356423A US 35642329 A US35642329 A US 35642329A US 1818339 A US1818339 A US 1818339A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
auxiliary
internal combustion
combustion engine
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US356423A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lang Franz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACRO AG
Original Assignee
ACRO AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ACRO AG filed Critical ACRO AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1818339A publication Critical patent/US1818339A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B21/00—Engines characterised by air-storage chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0633—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being almost completely enclosed in the piston, i.e. having a small inlet in comparison to its volume
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0636—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space having a substantially flat and horizontal bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/16—Indirect injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621—Squish flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to internal combustion engines of the type operated by the injection of liquid fuel which is selfignited and wherein the compression chamber is divided into three portions, firstly the cylinder chamber, secondly a mixing chamber and in free communication with the cylinder chamber, into which the fuel is injected, and thirdly a chamber which is connected 'with the mixing chamber solely by a throttling orifice.
  • the third chamber acts as an air reservoir into which air is forced during the compression stroke and then flows during the combustion through the throttling orifice into the mixing chamber where it supplies the combustion air.
  • the throttling orifice consists of a single narrow port. It has however also been proposed to'divide the throttling orifice into a plurality of ports. These proposals do not however detail the relative location of the individual ports.
  • the throttling orifice is divided into a main port and at least one auxiliary port, the mouth of which is directed into the mixing chamber 39 so that the current flowing out of the same meets the jet of fuel at a different point and a different angle from the current emerging from the main port.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the cylinder and piston in one form of construction in which the auxiliary chamber is located in the piston.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the cylinder and piston of a modified form of construction in which the auxiliary chamber is provided in the cylinder head.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a detail of Fig- 50 ure 2.
  • the actual cylinder is indicated by a, the plston reciprocating therein by b, the cylinder head by c and the injection nozzle and holder by d.
  • the piston is hollowed out on the side opposite the cylinder head and a bell-shaped shell 6, the open faceof which is covered by a cover f, is provided in the recess.
  • the shell and cover are held in ppsition by a covering ring g screwed on to the plston.
  • the compression chamber is divided into three portions. It is composed of I firstly, the cylinder chamber h, the volume of which varies during the movement of the piston, second, a frusto-conical mixing chamber 11 located in the cover f and in free communication with the cylinder chamber, and thirdly a chamber defined by the shell and the 70 cover. This is permanently connected with the mixing chamber by a narrow port m and also by a plurality of narrow auxiliary ports n. The narrowest part of the auxiliary ports is at the point where they open into the mixing chamber.
  • the operation of the engine described is as follows After the fuel injected into the funnel chamber 71 in the proximity of the top dead centre has commenced to burn, the air forced out of the cylinder chamber into the auxiliary chamber by the piston during the compression stroke flows through the main port m and the auxiliary ports 1 back into the mixing chamber and there assists the combustion.
  • the orifices of the auxiliary ports in the mixing chamber are so positioned that air emerging therefrom meets the jet of fuel injected through the nozzle (1 at a different point and a different angle from the current emerging from the main port.
  • the ducts of the auxiliary ports follow a straight course.
  • the axes thereof intersect at a point located on the axis of the cylinder.
  • the auxiliary ports are symmetrically positioned.
  • the number 0 auxiliary ports and the sha of the same is of no importance for the rea nation of the invention. On the other hand, however, it is important that the total cross section of the ports includin the main port should always exceed a de nite minimum.
  • An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder forming a main compression chamber, an element having a truncated conical opening, the narrow end of which lies remote from said main compression space, an auxiliary compression chamber on the opposite of said narrow end of said truncated conical space communicating with said truncated space by auxiliary passages in said element at an angle to the sides of the conical space therein and an injection nozzle adapted to project fuel throughpart of said main compression chamber into said conical space.
  • An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder forming a main compression chamber, an element having a truncated conical opening, the narrow end of which lies remote from said main compression 0 posite of said narrow end of said truncated conical space communieating with said truncated space by auxiliary passages in said element at an angle to the sldes of the conical s ace therein, the narrowest cross section of a main compression chamber, an element having a truncated conical opening, the narrow end of which lies remote from saidvmain compression space, an auxiliary compression chamber on the opposite side of said narrow end of said truncated conical space, the remote corners of which communicate with said truncated space by auxiliary passages in said element at an angle to the sides of the conical space therein and an injection nozzle adapted to project fuel through part of said main compression chamber into said conical s ace.
  • An internal combustion engine of the self-ignition type having a main compression chamber and an auxiliary compression chamber connected by a truncated conical mixing chamber tapering toward said auxiliary compression chamber, said mixing chamber being provided with a throttling constriction where it opens into said auxiliary compres sion chamber, and an injection nozzle adapted to project fuel through part of said main compression chamber into said mixing chamber, said mixing chamber also being connected to said auxiliary com ression chamber by a plurality of auxiliary nets.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US356423A 1928-06-28 1929-04-19 Internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US1818339A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA54656D DE525383C (de) 1928-06-28 1928-06-28 Einspritzmotor mit dreigliedrigem Verdichtungsraum

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1818339A true US1818339A (en) 1931-08-11

Family

ID=6939588

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US356423A Expired - Lifetime US1818339A (en) 1928-06-28 1929-04-19 Internal combustion engine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US1818339A (de)
AT (1) AT124927B (de)
CH (1) CH138403A (de)
DE (1) DE525383C (de)
FR (1) FR673469A (de)
GB (1) GB312018A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2738782A (en) * 1952-02-25 1956-03-20 Jr Albert G Bodine Detonation suppression means for internal combustion engines
US4270499A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-06-02 General Motors Corporation Diesel engine precombustion chambers
US4281629A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-08-04 Hans List Compression ignition direct injection internal combustion engine
US4712526A (en) * 1986-01-23 1987-12-15 David Caughran Piston with turbine fan for use in internal combustion engines
US5042441A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-08-27 Paul Marius A Low emission combustion system for internal combustion engines
US5483933A (en) * 1994-03-28 1996-01-16 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Combustion chamber structure for diesel engines
FR2735181A1 (fr) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-13 Renault Moteur a combustion comportant une prechambre de combustion et une reserve d'air de combustion.
US20040020457A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2004-02-05 Regueiro Jose Francisco Energy-cell combustion system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3409553B2 (ja) * 1995-12-20 2003-05-26 いすゞ自動車株式会社 遮熱燃焼室付きピストンの構造

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2738782A (en) * 1952-02-25 1956-03-20 Jr Albert G Bodine Detonation suppression means for internal combustion engines
US4281629A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-08-04 Hans List Compression ignition direct injection internal combustion engine
US4270499A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-06-02 General Motors Corporation Diesel engine precombustion chambers
US4712526A (en) * 1986-01-23 1987-12-15 David Caughran Piston with turbine fan for use in internal combustion engines
US5042441A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-08-27 Paul Marius A Low emission combustion system for internal combustion engines
US5483933A (en) * 1994-03-28 1996-01-16 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Combustion chamber structure for diesel engines
FR2735181A1 (fr) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-13 Renault Moteur a combustion comportant une prechambre de combustion et une reserve d'air de combustion.
US20040020457A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2004-02-05 Regueiro Jose Francisco Energy-cell combustion system
US7040279B2 (en) * 2002-03-05 2006-05-09 Jose Francisco Regueiro Energy-cell combustion system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB312018A (en) 1929-05-23
AT124927B (de) 1931-10-10
FR673469A (fr) 1930-01-15
DE525383C (de) 1931-05-22
CH138403A (de) 1930-02-28

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