US1900954A - Distributor for use in telegraphy or the like - Google Patents

Distributor for use in telegraphy or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US1900954A
US1900954A US514761A US51476131A US1900954A US 1900954 A US1900954 A US 1900954A US 514761 A US514761 A US 514761A US 51476131 A US51476131 A US 51476131A US 1900954 A US1900954 A US 1900954A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valves
valve
waves
wave
paralyzing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US514761A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sandeman Edward Kenneth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB473730A external-priority patent/GB348543A/en
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1900954A publication Critical patent/US1900954A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/04—Distributors combined with modulators or demodulators
    • H04J3/042—Distributors with electron or gas discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/22—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using time-division multiplexing
    • H04L5/24—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using time-division multiplexing with start-stop synchronous converters
    • H04L5/245—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using time-division multiplexing with start-stop synchronous converters with a number of discharge tubes or semiconductor elements which successively connect the different channels to the transmission channels

Definitions

  • EDWARD KENNETH SANDEMAN OF ALIDWYCH, LONIDON; 'ENG ILiNID, A SSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATIQN, or Nnw zonx, N;. Y.
  • This invention relates to means for distributing the use of a communication channel, in turn to a number of telegraph transmitters and receivers.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a means or method for enabling a large number of telegraph instruments to operate over a connecting channel, and which does not necessarily require the employment of high speed mechanical moving parts.
  • the invention comprises a plurality of energy translating devices, for instance vacuum tubes. arranged in groups.
  • the number of translating devices in any intermediate group lies intermediate the number of such devices in the adjacent groups and means are provided for disabling or blocking the translating devices in such a way that at any particular instant only a predetermined number of translating devices in each group is permitted to be operative as energy translators and the selection of such operative translators is obtained automatically by electrical or mechanical effects impressed upon said translating devices.
  • the following description has reference particularly to an embodiment employing several valves arranged in a pyramid form so that a multiplicity of signal or code indications influencing their input circuits may be distributed. in time to a common circuit; or at the receiving end a plurality of code indications may be sorted out by asimilar arrangement. to operate the required and corresponding receiving instrument or printer.
  • FIG.1 illustrates schematically a distributor arranged and operating according to the principles of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a curve illustrating the manner in which the grid bias on the tubes of Fig. 1 may he modified to give intermittent blocking of the valves.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates schematically a modified embodiment of a distributor according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 ⁇ illustrates schematically a stillfurand ther modification of the" present invention
  • Fig. 5 is-a diagram use'd to illustrate a condition of the valves which may occurin the arrangement of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic arrange ment for a transmitter terminal in accordance with this invention.
  • the part'above the chain dotted line consists of eightgraphi cal portrayals of biasingor paralyzing voltage waves a-pplied to the grids of certain valvesin the lowerpart of the figure.
  • valve pyramid fulfilling the function of a distributor, that is connecting a number of sending devices inturn to the same circuit.
  • A, B, C, D and E are respectively groups of two, four,eight and sixteen and one thermionic valve numbered serially ineach row.
  • valve E may conveniently be a detector valve, and the other valves are ordinary amplifiers when in an operating condition.
  • Valves D and D have their output coupled in parallelto the input of valve C valves D and D... have their outputs in parallel coupled to the inputof C Valves C and C havetheir outputs in parallel coupled to the input B the pyramid is built up in a similar manner.
  • a is a paralyzing square wave of frequency a equal to.
  • nl lm F 60 ,B y and 8 are square waves of frequency respectively 2a, 4a, and 8a used for paralyzing purposes as describedbelow, 1 a2, [32, 2, and 82 are squarewaves of frequency respectively equal to al, 31,71 and81, but in opposite phase also used for paralyzing purposes;
  • the paralyzing wave a1 is applied: to the grids of valves D D D ,.D D D D and the paralyzing Wave a2 is applied to the grids of the'valves D D D D D D D D To the grids of'G G G and The whole of C are applied a vparalyzing ave,81 Qwhilst lOO to the other valves of the group C a paralyzing wave ,82 is applied.
  • waves land 2 are applied to alternate valves in group B whilst valve A has applied to it a paralyzing wave 81 and valve A as a paralyzing wave 82.
  • valves near the apex of the pyramid are applied with paralyzing waves of high frequency and those near the base of the pyramid with paralyzing waves of low frequencies.
  • the paralyzing wave 81 is applied to the grid of valve A in such a way that during'positive half cycles of'81 valve A 1s in an operatlng condition and durlng negatlve half cycles of 81 valve A is in a nonoperating condition.
  • Fig. 2 shows the way in whichbiasing potentials are applied to A
  • the aXisIZ) is plate current and Vgisgrid'voltage.
  • En is the biasing potential required for optimum performance of the valve as an amplifier.
  • E10 is the biasing potential requiredto make the valve completely inoperative for signals of the new magnitude 7.
  • 7 i is the value of steady bias applied to the applied to'the grid at any time.
  • Ea g4E +Em I valve.
  • Y - ⁇ (Ep-En) 'is the amplitude of the paralyzing wave. Since the paralyzing wavesa're allsquare waves it follows that any valve to which a paralyzing wave is applied in the above manner is rendered completely inoperative'iand completelyoperative during 7 alternate'equal and contiguous time intervals.
  • valve A 1s operative and valve A 1s inoperat ve so that all currents coming from'relay ton'gues 2, 10, 6, 14, l, 12, 8, 16 are'block'ed.
  • wave 71 is positive. and wave y2 is negative so that valve B is operative and valve B 1s inoperativefthus nullifying any currents orlglnating 1n relay tongues3, 11,
  • valve C1 is Operative and C inoperative so that currentsfrom relay tongues 5 andi13 are blocked.
  • I f Finallytheparalyzmg of valve D fby a2 blocks currentifroin relay tongue 9, leaving only .
  • a path for currents originating from generator C Wei relay tongue'l if operated by from each transmitter relay 1. This path proceeds by valves 1 3 C carried out it will be referred to as scanning and the relay which at any'moment is effectively connected to the line will be referred to asthe scanning point.
  • P P and P are three printing telegraph transmitters of known type which operate by setting updilferent cornbinations'of the relays R R R R R R etc.
  • Each of the relays has two positions corresponding to a marking position and a spacing position.
  • the tongue T T etc.
  • the common bus bar KKwh'ich is energized by AC a source high frequency current which may be re ferred to as'the carrier frequency.
  • the freque-ncy of this source is not critical provided itlies well above the frequency range which the telegraph is required to fill.
  • the amplifiers following are capable of handlingthesideband products of modulation formed by the switching on'and oif'of the carrier frequency by the'relay tongues-T T etc.
  • the three printing telegraph transmittersP P and P are caused to operate in turn, each setting up a letter on its five associated 'R relays during time T9 and leaving set up during time T after. which the process is repeated with q the next. letter.
  • Ts will be much smaller than the value ofT
  • commencements of each of-the threeintervals T81, T82, T83, corresponding respectively to theprinters'P P and P most convenient-- ly may be separated from one another by equal time intervalsif the time taken to set up any' relays S is omitted.
  • the position ofthe scanningpoint may conveniently be associated with a. rotating vector Vs. It is evident that the vectors Vt and Vs must on the average ro-' tate at the same rate, small fluctuations in rate being permissible provided the Vt never passesVs or vice versa; this last proviso is obviously necessarysince scanning of a relay and change of relay setting must evidently not take place at the same time. This will be considered in detail later.
  • Each vector makes one revolution in time all be derived from one or'more' sets of current generated by an alternator on the axis of W, the relative positions of Vtzand Vs can evidently be maintained with extreme precision at the transmitting end.
  • Wave a2 is replaced by waves a and'ad Wave ,81 is replaced by waves ,Gd and ,8?)
  • Wave ,82 is replaced by waves B0 and ,86Z
  • the waves (11 and a2 and ,81 and ,82 are shown dotted along the same axes as the waves ad, orb, 4x0, and ad and [3a, 8b, ,80, ,801.
  • Ba is a sine wave of the same frequency as ,81 and of such phase with regard to it that it reaches its maximum in either direction /3 of a period after the square wave Bl has changed polarity.
  • any valve having the wave ,Ba applied to it is definitely operative in intervals 1, 2, 9 and 10 and is completely paralyzed in intervals'5, 6, 13 and 14. During eriod's's, 4, 7, 8,11, 12, 14. and
  • valves A and A have-waves of completely opposite phase. This is also'true for valves B and B and also :for'valves B and B and for valves C and C and so on. It follows thereforethat -whe'n any valve of one of such a pair isope apex, no other path can be open. e. g. "Figure .5. :is shown the condition ofEafiairs erative the-other valve of the pair is inop-' erative. It follows at once that if a path is open vfrom any oneof theD valves to the In 'ininterval 1. . The solid circle representsa valve completely blocked, the half solid circle represents in an intermediate condition j and the other circle'r-epresents a valve entireber of valves has been done in row 13. The
  • Figure 4 employs a systemof waves identi+ .cal with that shown in Fig. 3 and applies them to a di'fiierent arrangement of valves.
  • valve A1 in said figure has been 'replaced by two valves A andA -valve A in saidfigure has been replaced by twovalves A and A A similar doubling of the numremaining valves remain the same.
  • 01" valves A and A it is evident that A is'operative during time intervals 1, 2, 3and land A is operative during time intervals '5, 6, 7 and 8.
  • Q can be changed: by adjusting the amplitudes whosecon'dition has previously been regarded This condition of aifairs of the paralyzing waves. For instance, it would probably belpossibleto secure-satis factory operation by adjusting the paralyzing wave -so that during the indeterminate period foraaparticularrvalvetheamplifioa tion of :the valve :is always appreciably "less than 'duringithe period at which it is supposed'toibe operating.
  • An alternativemeth- 0d would be the-supplying of two paralyzing Waves of .the'same magnitude to-thesame valve, differing in frequency.
  • Whatiscclaimedlis '1.
  • An arrangement for .use'ina, telegraph system employing a distributor comprising several valves .adapted;to operate as a multi- Iple'switching arrangement, a means for'providmg a. substant1-ally square Wave, said means comprising .an amplifier valve, and a voltage operated device comprising a neon lamp shuntedby a condenser. associated with theoutputtcircuitsof said amplifier valve.
  • a distributor foritelegraph or the like comprising-valves arranged'in a plurality of groups,-circuits:adapted :to join and interconnectrthe-numbersof ,valves of the groups in a convergent series, and meansadapted to vfeed paralyzingwaves. to said valves to render them periodically operative, inoperative, or
  • a distributor for telegraph or the-like comprising groups-of valves, circuits adapted to join and interconnect the numbers -of valves .of the groupsin :a convergent series,
  • a distributor for telegraph or the like comprising valves arranged in a plurality of groups, circuits adapted to join and interconnect the numbers of valves of the groups in a convergent series, and means for applying paralyzing waves to the valves in different groups wherein valves to which are ap-v plied paralyzing waves of other than square my name this twenty sixth day of January EDWARD K.- SANDEMAN.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
US514761A 1930-02-12 1931-02-10 Distributor for use in telegraphy or the like Expired - Lifetime US1900954A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB473730A GB348543A (en) 1930-09-18 1930-02-12 An improved distributor for use in telegraphy or the like
GB2789130A GB363403A (en) 1930-09-18 1930-09-18 Distributors for telegraphy or the like

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1900954A true US1900954A (en) 1933-03-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US514761A Expired - Lifetime US1900954A (en) 1930-02-12 1931-02-10 Distributor for use in telegraphy or the like

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1900954A (fr)
DE (1) DE606543C (fr)
FR (2) FR708487A (fr)
GB (1) GB344444A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2553556A (en) * 1947-12-17 1951-05-22 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph transmitter
US3105874A (en) * 1957-12-09 1963-10-01 Gen Dynamics Corp Solid-state time position multiplexing and demultiplexing system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632058A (en) * 1946-03-22 1953-03-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Pulse code communication
FR974379A (fr) * 1947-10-27 1951-02-21
NL84983C (fr) * 1948-01-20
US2897355A (en) * 1948-05-15 1959-07-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Diode coincidence gate
US2718589A (en) * 1950-06-29 1955-09-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radio relay system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2553556A (en) * 1947-12-17 1951-05-22 Int Standard Electric Corp Telegraph transmitter
US3105874A (en) * 1957-12-09 1963-10-01 Gen Dynamics Corp Solid-state time position multiplexing and demultiplexing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB344444A (en) 1931-02-27
FR725608A (fr) 1932-05-14
DE606543C (de) 1934-12-12
FR708487A (fr) 1931-07-24

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