US1959928A - Boiler feeding device - Google Patents

Description

May 22, 1934. v K. REZSNY 1,959,928

BOILER FEEDING DEVICE File d Jan. 50, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet l May 22, 1934. K. REZSNY BOILER FEEDING DEVICE Filed Jan. 50, 1952 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 w \w 3% Q w E QRNQME U L\ 0 W Q 0 V jiwezzizrx Re 5 1y May 22, 1934. K. REZSNY BOILER FEEDING DEVICE Filed Jan. 30, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 5 L & 5

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1 \mknlrfiii lj lll J w m Fatented May 22, 1934 UNETEE ETATES PATENT OFFICE BOILER FEEDKNG DEVICE Application January 30, 1932, Serial No. 589,863 In Germany June 23, 1928 10 Claims.

This invention is a continuation in part of my co-pending application filed October 29, 1:929, Serial No. 403,348.

The invention relates to boiler feeding de- 5 vices, particularly for locomotives. According to the prescriptions given by the authorities of many or all countries locomotives must be equipped with two separate and independent feeding devices of which one is used regularly whereas the other serves as a reserve and is used as a substitute when the former is damaged. Either ieeding device must alone be able to deliver the required amount of feeding water. Even in the case that the first feeding device is designed for the utilization of exhaust steam, the reserve feeding device works exclusively with live steam, and is therefore little economical in use, and as it is operated only exceptionally it is seldom in order and liable to freeze in hard Winter.

These inconveniences are obviated by the invention in such a way that two or more injectors operating with exhaust and live steam are combined in such a manner that each of them may be used selectively or any desired number may be employed. Combined live-steam injectors connected in parallel have already been disclosed, it is true, but these injectors are operated with live steam only, viz. without utiliza- 39 tion of the exhaust steam.

In the case of three live and exhaust steam injectors of different outputs, e. g. a, b. c, kg. per hour, being used, seven dilferent possibilities of adjustment and output respectively are possible, namely (1) a, (2) b, (s) c, (4) (1+2); 5)

(1+0, (6) b-l-c, (7) a-l-b-l c kg. per hour in accordance with the output of the boiler at the time. On account of the combination of this plurality of live steam and exhaust steam injec- 40 tors briefly termed as compound injectors (a live steam and an exhaust steam injector being together a compound injector) it is possible to economically operate all injector units with utilization of the exhaust steam. At the same time the safety of Working is increased because all injectors are lodged in one housing, and, thanks to the alternating use, are kept in an operative condition and not liable to freezing, the whole housing being warmed up by the operation of at least one injector unit and the water kept moving. Preferably three injectors are combined the outputs of which differ in such a manner that any combination of two of them meets the requirement of maximum water consumption ac cording to the boiler prescriptions, as in the case of a failure of one injector element the two remaining elements are always able to supply the amount of water corresponding to the maximum consumption of the boiler.

A further improvement according to the invention consists in that each exhausting injector unit is provided with an adjustable controlling means for the water supply (for instance cock, valve, nozzle or the like) which is adjusted to the most advantageous minimum amount of water in the testing room of the works, on inspection or after a repair of the injector and then kept secured against displacement for regular operation.

The construction of. the multiple exhaust steam injectors may be substantially simplified according to the invention by the overflow water being brought into a common elevated pipe, as in this case the water inlet to the boiler feeding devices may be always open. It is recommendable to provide this overflow water pipe with a testing device which allows to readily state whether or not the several injector units work correctly; especially in the dark it is otherwise almost impossible to state whether or not the injector elements work correctly. It is a wellknown fact that the exhaust steam injectors are mounted very low on the locomotive so that observation is so rendered rather diflicult. According to the invention the common overflow water pipe of the several exhaust injectors is therefore led into the drivers cab of the locomotive so that the overflow water is caused to at first rise in this pipe common to all injector units and afterwards is allowed to escape into the open air through another descending pipe. The two pipes form together the overflow water piping and may be arranged as a Field tube. Above the level of the water in the water tank (tender) then the overflow water piping is provided with a small opening (test overflow) through which a very small portion of the overflow water escapes when the several injector units do not work correctly by losing water. Thus the arrangement referred to permits the largest portion of the overflow water to escape into the open air at the lower end of the piping while a very small amount only thereof escapes through the elevated test opening in such a height that the attention of the locomotive stafi in the drivers cab is called to the injectors overflowing without the small amount of overflow water or steam escaping incommoding the stall. This overflow at the same time prevents the descending pipe from sucking.

According to the invention the construction of the multiple exhaust steam injector has been further simplified in such a way that the various injector units can be replaced and the nozzles thereof remain absolutely centrical. The novel nozzle system comprises a main nozzle to which is connected the exhaust steam nozzle which in turn is intended for receiving the live steam nozzle. This arrangement results in that the main, exhaust steam and live steam nozzles form a self-contained unit which may be detached from the housing and replaced by another nozzle system of a smaller or even larger type, as the case may be, without necessity of the housing itself being disassembled.

The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the invention by way of example, and represent, in

Fig. 1 a side View of the feeding device mounted on a locomotive,

Fig, 2 a side view of the feeding device,

Fig. 3 a top plan View of the feeding device,

Fig. 4 a longitudinal section of the same.

Fig. 5 a cross section taken on line A-A of Fig. 2 thenozzles having been removed,

Fig. 6 the longitudinal section of another embodiment of the feeding device,

Fig. '7 a section taken on line A-B of 1 and referring to the embodiment shown by Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 a section taken on line -1) of Fig. 6,

Figs. 9 and 10 the arrangement of the device shown in Fig. 6 as mounted with the overflow water piping on a locomotive, in elevation and Fig. 11 the nozzle system in a longitudinal section.

In a casing 1 are housed side by side and independently of one another three live steam injectors 2 (Fig. 4) in chambers 3-5 (Fig. and beneath three exhaust injectors 6 in chambers '79. From the boiler the live steam flows into the; live steam injectors 2 through three independent live steam valves 12 (Fig. 1) and pipes 13-15 while the feed water is supplied from the tender to the exhaust injectors 6 by a connecting pipe 16 and a bent pipe 17. The latter is provided with a cock 18 to be operated by an arm 19, a rod 20 and a hand wheel 21 so that the amount of feed water to be supplied can be controlled.

The nozzles 22 of the exhaust injectors contain each a threaded spindle 23 which is provided at the nozzle end with a tapered portion 24 (pear-shaped) so that by the spindle 23 being rotated the free cross section of the exhaust steam nozzle 22 may be adjusted at will and so the amount of exhaust steam controlled accordingly.

The exhaust steam piping 2526 connecting the steam engine of the locomotive to the feeding device is enlarged before the injector casing 1 and this enlarged portion contains three automatic steam inlet devices arranged side by side. Each of the same consists of a steam cylinder 27 with its piston 28, the valve 29 with the compression spring 30 and spring plate 31 and with the steam connection branch 32. The contact surfaces between the valve and the spring plate are spherical so that the Valve 29 can uniformly bear against its seat at any point. The three steam connection branches 32 are connected to live steam pipes 1315 by three pipes 33 (Fig. 1) so that, when live steam is supplied to one of the injectors by the pipes 1315, the corresponding steam inlet device opens and now the exhaust steam is allowed to enter the corresponding exhaust injector 6, having nozzle 22 in which the feed water is heated up and even brought under pressure to the upper live steam injector 2. The steam supply pipes 33 could however also directly connect the cylinder 27 to the several delivery chambers 44 of the live steam injectors.

As usual each live steam injector comprises a check valve 34 which opens into a common coll cting chamber 35 for the feed water. From this chamber the feed water is pressed into the boiler through the connection 36 and the feed pipe 37. As usual each live steam injector is further equipped with an overflow valve 38 through which the overflow water passes into a common overflow chamber 39 from which the water flows back through the connection 40 and through the overflow water return pipe extend" ing through the water space of the tender, preferably into the tender above the water level in the latter.

The exhaust piping 25 is provided with an automatic steam inlet device 42 (see Fig. 1) which is connected by a pipe 43 (Fig. 1) with the main steam pipe and the admission chamber respectively of the slide valve chest so that, when the engine is working under steam, the exhaust passage valve of the steam inlet device 42 is opened and the exhaust steam is allowed to flow to the feeding device. Besides the exhaust passage device there is preferably also provided for a check valve in order that the exhaust steam is prevented from flowing back and a constant pressure is prevailing in the exhaust piping 26 independently or" the continuous change of the pressure within the blast pipe.

Naturally, the check valve should preferably be placed as far as possible from the feeding device in order that the space inserted between the check valve and the injector casing 1 is as large as possible so that the constant exhaust pressure is arrived at.

When the engine is working, the exhaust steam continuously flows to the feeding device on account of the exhaust passage device 42 being used, and according to the power of the locomotive the live steam is, by the hand valves 1012 being operated, supplied to the live steam injectors 2 through one, two or three of the live steam pipes 13-15. According to the number of live steam pipes 13-45 opened in the particular case also the corresponding exhaust steam feeding valves 29 are opened and caused to supply the exhaust steam to the injector units working at that instance so that the feed water is pressed into the boiler in the quantities required.

In the embodiment above described the various injector units are composed in such a way each of a live steam and an exhaust steam part that the respective exhaust and live steam parts are connected in series. According to the invention however this type of compound injectors may also be arranged in such a way that the live steam is at first mixed with the exhaust steam and subsequently this steam mixture is brought into contact with the feed water. In this class of compound injectors use is made so to speak of a connection in parallel as the exinjector unit 49.

wise direction by a thermostat or by acting itself as a thermostat. The spindle may also be operated from above from the drivers cab by a special handle or the like.

For the embodiment shown by the Figs. 6-11 the numerals used are consecutive as it is the question of a modification. The casing of the triple exhaust injector is divided into three chambers 46, 47, 48 within which are placed the nozzle systems and injector units 49 respectively of different outputs. By the pressure connection 50' the water is forced into the boiler, through the overflow connection 51 the overflow water is removed. From the boiler the live steam is supplied through the pipes 52, 53, 54 (Figs. 9 and 10) and the live steam connection 57 to the nozzle systems 49 and the exhaust steam is supplied from the chamber 55 through the exhaust connection 56 to the said nozzle system.

From the water tank the water flows through the supply chamber 58 to the collecting chamber 59 (Fig. 8) and from here through the three water valves 60 and ports 61 each connected with a water chamber 62 of a corresponding The stroke of each water valve 60 can be limited by the spindle 63 provided with a stop. These controlling spindles 63 are threaded so as to be adjustable at will so that accordingly the spindles can be adjusted, in accordance with the output of the corresponding injector unit, in the works or subsequently during a repair or inspection for instance in the testing room. The controlling spindles 63 have notches 64 and moreover there are tapered screws 65 so that after the spindles 63 having been adjusted the tapered screws 65 may be screwed into the spindles 63 in order that the portions cut thereof are spread and the controlling spindles prevented from displacing. This having been done the protecting caps 66 are screwed upon and put under leads so that the adjustment of the spindles can no more be changed undetectedly during the regular service.

The said water valves 60 thus allow of water flowing to the several injector units; when an injector unit strikes back the water valves prevent steam from getting into the water tank. Moreover these Water valves working with an adjusted stroke cause the water to flow to the various injector units only in the possible minimum amount so that the feed water takes up the possible maximum amount of exhaust steam in any injector unit and is heated up to the maximum temperature obtainable. The stroke of the several water valves having been determined in advance in the testing room, during the regular service the quantity of feed water to be supplied to the boiler is exclusively modifled by the various combinations of the several injector units. When the boiler produces little steam, only the smallest injector element will work, for instance, when the water consumption rises, other injector units will be used alone or in combination selectively exactly in accordance with the boiler output at that instance.

In the case of other exhaust injectors already known the quantity of water supplied is continuously modified by hand according to the boiler output, from one time to another and moreover the injector is temporarily stopped when this kind of control is no more sufficient. In the triple exhaust injector according to the invention the amount of water supplied is mod- .ified exclusively by the combination of the several working injector units without the quantity of water supplied to the various units being individually changed in the regular service. This results in that, independently of whether the boiler works with its minimum or maximum out- 3 put, it may be fed continuously and that the water is always being heated up to the maximum temperature obtainable. In this way the water level, the steam pressure and the temperature in the boiler can be kept constant, the maximum possible utilization of the heat contained in the exhaust steam being ensured at the same time.

Without departing from the spirit of the present invention the water valves could, naturally, also be replaced by adjustable cocks, slide valves or the like or the amount of water could even be controlled by the distance between the steam nozzle and the main nozzle being modified.

The Figures 9 and 10 show, in a side elevation and as seen from behind, how the triple exhaust injector and the common overflow pipe are mounted on the locomotive.

From the water tank 67 of the locomotive tender the water flows through the supply pipe 68 to the triple exhaust injector 45.

The pipe 69 is the exhaust pipe already known per se. Through the pipes 52, 53, 54 the live steam flows to the several injector units and the feed water is forced into the boiler through the pressure pipe 70, the pipe 71 leading to the overflow pipe 72. In this pipe 72 is preferably lodged a concentrical pipe 73 which is open at the top end and connected with the drain pipe 74 at its bottom end. Pipe 72 is closed at its top end and laterally provided with an overflow at this end (75). This overflow is arranged somewhat higher than the highest water level in the locomotive tender and further its cross section is much smaller than that of the drain pipe 74.

When the various injector units of the triple exhaust injector work correctly water must not flow out neither at the overflow 75 nor through the drain pipe 74. When however one injector unit does not run satisfactorily the largest portion of the overflow water will be discharged through the drain pipe 74 near the ground into the open air while a small portion only will escape through the overflow 75. This overflow 75 is placed within the drivers cab at a point where it can be continuously observed by the stoker. This type of overflow affords the advantage that the locomotive staff is able to state while the locomotive is running and especially in the dark whether or not the boiler feeding device Works correctly. Moreover it prevents a vacuum from forming at the point of reversal of the overflow water pipe so that the water cannot be sucked from the tank by a siphon efiect. As at the overflow opening only a very small portion of the overflow water is allowed to escape the water and steam respectively escaping is by no means a nuisance to the locomotive staff.

Fig. 11 shows a longitudinal section through the nozzle system of the exhaust injector as improved according to the invention. The main nozzle 49 of the injector unit is provided with a head 76 threaded as at 77. To the head 76 is screwed a basket 78 with lateral openings 79 intended for admitting the water. Moreover the basket 78 also carries the exhaust steam nozzle 80. The said basket 78 is further provided with ribs 81 and carries the internal ring 82 into which is screwed the live steam nozzle 83. This live steam nozzle has an inner cylindric bore 84; while on the other hand the basket 78 is cylindric on its outside so that when on removal of the closing cap 85 the injector unit comprising the parts 49, 78, 83 has been inserted in the casing of the triple exhaust injector, the basket 78 is connected to the exhaust steam socket 56 incorporated in the casing while at the same time the smaller end and stepped extension 86 of the live steam socket 57 also provided for in the casing, extends and fits respectively into the cylindric bore 84 of the live steam nozzle 83. This arrangement results in the connections to the live steam chamber 87 and to the exhaust steam chambers 55 and 88 respectively being simultaneously obtained when a nozzle system has been inserted, so that the several nozzle units are assembled in the simplest manner. After the cap 85 has been removed it is thus possible to also remove the various nozzle units, to replace the same by units of another size etc. without any necessity to disassemble the injector casing itself. At the same time this system ensures the concentrioity of the main nozzle and the live steam and exhaust steam nozzles of each injector unit which in turn results in safe working of the several injector units.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a boiler feeding device, particularly for locomotives, a plurality of steam injectors so arranged that a single injector or any desired combination of injectors may be operated, a common overflow water pipe for all injectors rising within the drivers cab and provided with a reversal without interruption so as to descend and to discharge close to the ground, a small testing opening in the rising branch of the overfiow pipe above the water level in the water tank intended for allowing a small portion of the overflow water to escape through the said opening near the locomotive staff so that the same may so observe the injector units.

2. In a boiler feeding device, particularly for locomotives, a plurality of steam injectors so arranged that a single injector or any desired combination of injectors may be operated, a rising branch of the overflow water tube, a descending branch of the same lodged within the rising branch so as to form a Field tube in order to spare in space. Y

3. In a boiler feeding device, particularly for locomotives, a plurality of steam injectors arranged in such a manner that a single injector or any desired combination of injectors may be operated, in each injector unit a system. of nozzles so designed that to the head of the main nozzle (inlet) is connected the exhaust steam nozzle and to the latter the live steam nozzle the whole nozzle system of each injector unit forming a self-contained set of ensured concentricity and to be replaced without the injector casing being disassembled.

4. In a boiler feeding device, particularly for locomotives, a plurality of steam injectors so arranged that a single injector or any desired combination of injectors may be operated, fixed live steam and exhaust steam connections concentrically arranged in the injector casing in such a manner that after insertion of an injector unit the said fixed exhaust steam connections connect the nozzle system externally and the fixed live steam connections connect the said nozzle system internally to the sources of exhaust and live steam respectively.

5. In a compound injector especially for locomotives, the combination of a plurality of injector units, each consisting of a live steam nozzle and an exhaust steam nozzle and provided in a common housing, the said injector units, being provided with means whereby the water may be supplied to each separately, said units being built together and provided with outlets so that they may be operated separately or in unison for varying the quantities of feed water delivered.

6. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the adjacent and independent injector units have a common exhaust steam pipe, a common regulating member for the supply of feed water, a common collecting chamber for the water supplied and a common overflow wherein the water flows from the difierent injector elements back to the source of water supply.

7. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein each injector has an exhaust steam supply device influenced by the corresponding live steam supply and the pressure chamber respectively of the injector so that the injector starts with cold water.

8. In a compound injector, especially for locomotives, the combination of a plurality of injector units, each consisting of a live steam nozzle and an exhaust steam nozzle and provided in a common housing, the said injector units having between them and their source of steam supply as many separate exhaust steam pipes as there are injector units built together.

9. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein there is provided for each injector unit an independent controlling valve settable to regulate the quantity of water supplied separately thereto, so that the single controlling valve may be adjusted for long working periods and during regular operation, the quantity of water to be supplied to the boiler may be exclusivelyregulated by varying the number of working injector units.

10. In a boiler feeding device, a plurality of steam injectors adapted to deliver to a single chamber, said injectors being so arranged that a single injector or any desired combination of the injectors may be put into operation to deliver to said chamber, control check valves for preventing backflow of the steam from the com mon chamber to each of the injectors, said valves having adjustable regulating spindles for determining the amount of opening through the valves, and adjustable to the optimum opening thereof for an extended time to provide for repair or inspection of the other injectors which are not in operation.

KOLOMAN REZSNY.

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