US20020002094A1 - Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020002094A1
US20020002094A1 US09/865,764 US86576401A US2002002094A1 US 20020002094 A1 US20020002094 A1 US 20020002094A1 US 86576401 A US86576401 A US 86576401A US 2002002094 A1 US2002002094 A1 US 2002002094A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
countershaft
gear
shaft
gearbox
speed
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Abandoned
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US09/865,764
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English (en)
Inventor
Marek Kmicikiewicz
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CKE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
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CKE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
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Assigned to CKE TECHNOLOGIES INC. reassignment CKE TECHNOLOGIES INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KMICIKIEWICZ, MAREK
Publication of US20020002094A1 publication Critical patent/US20020002094A1/en
Priority to US10/326,446 priority Critical patent/US20030162620A1/en
Priority to US10/696,678 priority patent/US6852055B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H37/0846—CVT using endless flexible members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power-split transmissions with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F16H61/66254—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members controlling of shifting being influenced by a signal derived from the engine and the main coupling
    • F16H61/66259—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members controlling of shifting being influenced by a signal derived from the engine and the main coupling using electrical or electronical sensing or control means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/918—Continuously variable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/945—Characterized by control of gearing, e.g. control of transmission ratio
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a continuously variable power split transmission system (CVPST) for use in a hybrid vehicle, in particular in a vehicle having a first motor power supply and a second motor power supply.
  • CVPST continuously variable power split transmission system
  • CVT continuously variable transmission
  • CVPST continuously variable power split transmission
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,167,591 by COWAN.
  • Such a system is actually a variable pulley system (or “variator”) coupling two of the three rotating elements of a planetary gear train.
  • a main feature of such a system is that it carries only a fraction of the total power flowing through the variator, thus increasing the power envelope of the potential engine application. This feature also reduces the power losses associated with power transmission, especially at the low-speed-high-torque modes, while providing continuously variable transmission ratio capability.
  • CVPST systems accomplish two important functions, which are desirable in any automotive application.
  • the system provides a “stepless” transmission ratio variation. This, combined with appropriate engine throttle control (motorized throttle), allows for optimum engine performance and minimum fuel consumption and emissions.
  • a start-up clutch or first clutch
  • first clutch may be provided on the countershaft to allow the variator to rotate with the engine, even when the clutch is disengaged and vehicle is not moving. This prevents the transmission to be stuck in the high gear (stalling of the engine during a panic braking on the slippery surfaces). After restarting of the engine, the variator turns, and it is possible to bring it back to low gear ratio position.
  • the CVPST can be connected to the transmission of the vehicle as is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,167,591.
  • use will preferably be made of an idler gear to ensure that the direction of rotation of both the sun and the ring gear, be the same. This is important in order to achieve effective power split.
  • many other configurations would be possible by connecting the variable element to any two of the three rotating elements, with and without idler gears, to change the direction of rotation.
  • the configuration shown here is however the easier one that can be directly related to the Automotive CVPST application.
  • a continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle, the vehicle having a first motor power supply and a second motor power supply, the system comprising:
  • step-up gearbox having an input shaft and an output shaft, the output shaft being connected to a main ratio gear set, the gearbox providing additional fixed underdrive i UD and overdrive i OD speed ratios to extend overall transmission conversion range (CR) of the system;
  • an infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit comprising:
  • a sun shaft operatively connected to the first motor power supply of the vehicle
  • a planetary gear set having a sun gear fixed to the sun shaft, at least two planet gears meshed with the sun gear, a ring gear meshed with the planet gears, a control gear or control sprocket coupled to the ring gear, a planet carrier having planet axes for mounting the planet gears, the planet carrier being keyed to the input shaft of the gearbox;
  • a countershaft extending parallel to the sun shaft, the countershaft being operatively connected to the ring gear through a first clutch and an additional control gear with idler gear or an additional control sprocket with chain so that the countershaft and ring gear rotate in the same direction, the countershaft being also operatively connected to the second motor power supply of the vehicle through a second clutch;
  • a speed variator mounted between the sun shaft and the countershaft to adjustably vary the speed of the countershaft and thereby adjusting the speed and torque of the planet carrier through an adjustment of a variator speed ratio i v ;
  • any power input applied by the first motor power supply to the sun shaft is split into two streams merging on the planet carrier and input shaft of the gearbox, one passing through the speed variator, countershaft and ring gear, the other directly through the sun gear, and, on the other hand, any power input applied by the second motor power supply to the countershaft reduces the power flowing through the speed variator, and whereby, the adjustment of the variator speed ratio i v allows a passage from the underdrive i UD to overdrive i OD fixed speed ratios in the step-up gearbox to be synchronized (and vice versa).
  • a continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle, the vehicle having a first motor power supply and a second motor power supply, the system comprising:
  • step-up gearbox having an input shaft and an output shaft, the output shaft being connected to a main ratio gear set, the gearbox providing additional fixed underdrive i UD and overdrive i OD speed ratios to extend overall transmission conversion range (CR) of the system;
  • an infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit comprising:
  • a sun shaft operatively connected to the first motor power supply of the vehicle
  • a planetary gear set having a sun gear fixed to the sun shaft, at least two planet gears meshed with the sun gear, a ring gear meshed with the planet gears, a control gear or control sprocket fixed to the ring gear, a planet carrier having planet axes for mounting the planet gears, the planet carrier being keyed to the input shaft of the gearbox;
  • a countershaft extending parallel to the sun shaft, the countershaft being operatively connected to the ring gear through a first clutch and an additional ratio gear with idler gear or an additional control sprocket with chain so that the countershaft and ring gear rotate in the same direction, the first clutch being mounted on the countershaft, the first clutch coupling the countershaft with the additional control gear or sprocket, the additional control gear or sprocket being freely mounted on the countershaft, the countershaft being also operatively connected to the second motor power supply of the vehicle through a second clutch; and
  • a speed variator mounted between the sun shaft and the countershaft to adjustably vary the speed of the countershaft and thereby adjusting the speed and torque of the planet carrier through an adjustment of a variator speed ratio i v ;
  • any power input applied by the first motor power supply to the sun shaft is split into two streams merging on the planet carrier and input shaft of the gearbox, one passing through the speed variator, countershaft and ring gear, the other directly through the sun gear, and, on the other hand, any power input applied by the second motor power supply to the countershaft reduces the power flowing through the speed variator, and whereby, the adjustment of the variator speed ratio i v allows a passage from the underdrive i UD to overdrive i OD fixed speed ratios in the step-up gearbox to be synchronized (and vice versa).
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of main elements of a CVPST system with an in-line step-up gearbox, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of main elements of a CVPST system with an in-line step-up gearbox and a dry multi-disc clutch on a countershaft, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of the ratio of CVPST and power split as a function of the variator speed ratio (i v );
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating power branching when an electric power supply P in (E) is connected to a countershaft (CS) of a CVPST system, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of an engine performance map demonstrating acceleration of a hybrid vehicle with power from IC engine and an electric motor, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing Driving Resistance Curves (DRC) shown on the Engine Performance Map (EPM) of an ultra light car; and
  • FIG. 12 is diagram showing synchronization curves and speeds of the output shaft at first and second stages.
  • a continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system 1 that can be used in a hybrid vehicle having a first motor power supply and a second motor power supply, according to the present invention.
  • the first motor power supply can be an internal combustion (IC) engine and the second motor power supply can be an independent electric motor.
  • the first and second motor power supplies may be any types of motors.
  • the second motor power supply may be powered via the first power supply through a differential system.
  • the CVPST system 1 includes a step-up gearbox 3 which is preferably a conventional two-speed and reverse in-line step-up gearbox having a primary input shaft 5 and a secondary output shaft 7 with first stage ratio gears 9 , second stage ratio gears 11 , a synchronizer ring 13 and reverse ratio gears 15 .
  • a parallel step-up gearbox can also be used instead of an in-line step-up gearbox, to reduce the length of transmission.
  • the output shaft 7 of the gearbox 3 is connected to a main ratio gear set which is preferably formed of a first gear 14 fixed on the output shaft 7 and a second bigger gear 16 connected to a differential housing (not shown).
  • the differential housing transmits the output power (P out ) to the wheels of the vehicle.
  • step-up gearbox 3 The purpose of the step-up gearbox 3 is to provide additional fixed speed ratios to extend the overall transmission conversion range (CR) of the CVPST system 1 .
  • the main input power (P in (IC)) supplied to the CVPST system 1 is provided through a motor shaft 17 that is preferably connected to a internal combustion (IC) engine, or first motor.
  • IC internal combustion
  • the infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit used in the CVPST system 1 comprises a sun shaft 19 that is operatively connected to the first motor power supply of the vehicle.
  • the first motor power supply or IC engine is connected to the motor shaft 17 which is keyed on the sun shaft 19 .
  • the infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit also comprises a standard planetary gear set 21 having a sun gear 23 fixed to the sun shaft 19 .
  • the planetary gear set 21 also comprises two or more planet gears 25 meshed with the sun gear 23 , a ring gear 27 meshed with the planet gears 25 , a control gear or control sprocket 29 coupled to the ring gear 27 , and a planet carrier or spider 31 having planet axes 33 for mounting the planet gears 25 .
  • the planet carrier 31 is keyed to the input shaft 5 of the gearbox 3 .
  • the infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit also comprises a countershaft 35 extending parallel to the sun shaft 19 .
  • the countershaft 35 is operatively connected to the ring gear 27 through a first clutch 37 and an additional control gear with idler (not shown) or an additional control sprocket 41 with silent chain 39 , so that the countershaft 35 and ring gear 27 rotate in the same direction.
  • a belt or any other means may be used instead of the chain 39 with control sprockets 29 , 41 to achieve the same results.
  • the countershaft 35 is also operatively connected to the second motor power supply of the vehicle, which is preferably an electric motor (P in (E)), through a second clutch (not shown).
  • the second motor power supply can be any appropriate motor such as a combustion engine, or can even be derived from the first motor power supply through a differential system. However, the latter would not increase the total output power (P out ), it would only decrease the power going through the variator.
  • control gear or control sprocket 29 is fixed on or integral with the ring gear 27 and the first clutch 37 is mounted on the countershaft 35 .
  • the first clutch 37 couples the countershaft 35 with the additional control gear or additional sprocket 41 , which is freely mounted on the countershaft 35 .
  • the sun shaft 19 which is keyed to the motor shaft 17 , is coaxially journalled within the planet carrier 31 and the motor shaft 17 is adapted to extend through the input shaft 5 of the gearbox 3 .
  • the infinitely adjustable, power split variable speed transmission unit further comprises a standard speed variator 45 mounted between the sun shaft 19 and the countershaft 35 to adjustably vary the speed of the countershaft 35 .
  • a standard speed variator 45 mounted between the sun shaft 19 and the countershaft 35 to adjustably vary the speed of the countershaft 35 .
  • the speed variator 45 preferably comprises a pair of pulleys 47 and 49 respectively mounted on the sun shaft 19 and countershaft 35 in such a manner as to extend in a same plane perpendicular to the sun shaft and countershaft axes.
  • the pulleys 47 and 49 consist of half-V sheaves on which an endless V-belt 51 is frictionally engaged.
  • Each of the pulleys 47 and 49 has a fixed sheave and a movable sheave for controllably adjusting the distance between the sheaves.
  • Other mechanisms, such as hydraulic pistons, known per se may also be used to move the half-V sheaves to achieve the same result.
  • the first clutch 37 can be a dry multi-disc clutch activated through a hydraulic piston 43 , which allows the variator 45 to run always with the engine, even if the first clutch 37 is disengaged. That prevents the CVPST system 1 to get stuck in the high gear ratio in the event of blocking wheels and stalling engine.
  • the first clutch 37 may be a multi-disk wet clutch mounted between the ring gear 27 and control gear or control sprocket 29 of the planetary gear set 21 .
  • the split of power in the CVPST is a function of the variable i v .
  • Value K is constant for a given transmission and can take positive or negative value, depending on the sign of i c (control gear ratio).
  • P v P in ⁇ K i v + K ( 5 )
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of power branching when the electric motor power supply (P in (E)) is connected to the countershaft 35 (CS) and the IC engine power supply (P in (IC)) is a connected to the sun shaft 19 .
  • the CVPST system 1 has a control element through which the portion of power is circulating, see equation (5). If the electric power is supplied to the countershaft 35 as shown on FIG. 4, the power flowing through the variator 45 is lower due to the fact that the force on a planet gear 25 meshing with ring gear 27 must be the same as the force on the same planet gear 25 meshing with the sun gear 23 . As it will be demonstrated below, and with reference to FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6 , 7 , 8 and 9 , the power passing through the variator 45 can be reduced to zero, or even reversed for different values of coefficient ⁇ .
  • P in(IC) power supplied to sun—shaft from IC engine
  • CR transmission conversion range
  • i UD
  • an Engine Performance Map has been used to illustrate the acceleration of a vehicle where a CVPST is assisted by an electric motor.
  • EPM Engine Performance Map
  • R CVPST ratio
  • OT opening of the throttle
  • FIG. 11 shows engine flywheel torque in function of engine RPM for an ultralight car. Also shown are: Wide-Open Throttle (WOT) engine torque curve, the Constant Power Curves (CPC) and Driving Resistance Curves (DRC) for two stages of CVPST. It can be seen that the DRC of maximum speed of the car can be achieved on the underdrive (UD) stage with, or on overdive (OD) stage with I v ⁇ 1.85, (close to 2.00) where the power transmitted through the gears is highest, with also better efficiency.
  • WOT Wide-Open Throttle
  • CPC Constant Power Curves
  • DRC Driving Resistance Curves
  • the power (opening of the throttle) to the first motor is re-established.
  • the total transmission ratio is the same as before the switch of stages, and will almost be not perceptible to the driver.
  • the synchronizer is used only to avoid unpleasant noise of connecting stationary synchronizer ring 13 (on output shaft 7 ) to rotating gears, when vehicle is not rolling.
  • a friction cone ring in the synchronizer slows down the rotating gear, before the connection between the two is made.
  • the synchronization is achieved by the use of the variator 45 which achieves much better action.
  • the synchronizer ring 13 in the step-up gearbox 3 is used only to prevent noise during the engagement of the transmission into drive mode, especially in cold start conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
US09/865,764 2000-05-26 2001-05-25 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle Abandoned US20020002094A1 (en)

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US10/326,446 US20030162620A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2002-12-19 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle
US10/696,678 US6852055B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-10-29 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle

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CA2,309,759 2000-05-26
CA002309759A CA2309759A1 (fr) 2000-05-26 2000-05-26 Utilisation d'une transmission a repartition du couple par changement de vitesse continu dans un vehicule hybride

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US10/326,446 Abandoned US20030162620A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2002-12-19 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle
US10/696,678 Expired - Fee Related US6852055B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-10-29 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle

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US10/696,678 Expired - Fee Related US6852055B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-10-29 Continuously variable power split transmission (CVPST) system for use in a hybrid vehicle

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CN100396555C (zh) * 2005-06-16 2008-06-25 刘硕毅 电动车用机电无级调速电机
US20100048338A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Caterpillar Inc. Dual mode input split compound split configuration EPPV transmission
US20100113202A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Caterpillar Inc. Single motor clutchless CVT without torque converter
US8622860B2 (en) * 2011-08-01 2014-01-07 Spicer Off-Highway Belgium N.V. Method and apparatus for transferring power between a flywheel and a vehicle
US9108505B2 (en) 2013-05-28 2015-08-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Powersplit powertrain for a hybrid electric vehicle
US20180050509A1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2018-02-22 Koyo Thermo Systems Co., Ltd. Tank cooling device
FR3062761A1 (fr) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-10 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Correcteur d'asservissement en vitesse d'une machine electrique tournante
CN109681600A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-26 襄阳市胜合燃力设备有限公司 机械齿轮型无级变速器
CN110230670A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-13 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 并联双电机全域自动换挡传动系统

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WO2006024870A1 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-09 Connaught Motor Co. Ltd Transmission de puissance de vehicule
US20080119322A1 (en) * 2004-09-02 2008-05-22 Edward Timothy Bishop Vehicle Power Transmission
CN100396555C (zh) * 2005-06-16 2008-06-25 刘硕毅 电动车用机电无级调速电机
US20100048338A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Caterpillar Inc. Dual mode input split compound split configuration EPPV transmission
US8075435B2 (en) 2008-08-22 2011-12-13 Caterpillar Inc. Dual mode input split compound split configuration EPPV transmission
US20100113202A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Caterpillar Inc. Single motor clutchless CVT without torque converter
US8622860B2 (en) * 2011-08-01 2014-01-07 Spicer Off-Highway Belgium N.V. Method and apparatus for transferring power between a flywheel and a vehicle
US9108505B2 (en) 2013-05-28 2015-08-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Powersplit powertrain for a hybrid electric vehicle
US20180050509A1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2018-02-22 Koyo Thermo Systems Co., Ltd. Tank cooling device
FR3062761A1 (fr) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-10 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Correcteur d'asservissement en vitesse d'une machine electrique tournante
EP3360709A1 (fr) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-15 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Correcteur d'asservissement en vitesse d'une machine electrique tournante
CN109681600A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-26 襄阳市胜合燃力设备有限公司 机械齿轮型无级变速器
CN110230670A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-13 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 并联双电机全域自动换挡传动系统

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Publication number Publication date
CA2309759A1 (fr) 2001-11-26
US20040087407A1 (en) 2004-05-06
US20030162620A1 (en) 2003-08-28
US6852055B2 (en) 2005-02-08

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