US20030006196A1 - Reduction process - Google Patents

Reduction process Download PDF

Info

Publication number: US20030006196A1
Authority: US; United States
Prior art keywords: aluminium; hydroxide; potassium; metals; magnesium
Prior art date: 2001-06-07
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Abandoned

Application number

US10/164,054

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Neil Clarke

Stefan Jafverstrom

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Feralco AB

Original Assignee

Feralco AB

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2001-06-07

Filing date

2002-06-05

Publication date

2003-01-09

Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=20284376&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20030006196(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2002-06-05 Application filed by Feralco AB filed Critical Feralco AB

2002-09-04 Assigned to FERALCO AB reassignment FERALCO AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CLARKE, NEIL, JAFVERSTROM, STEFAN

2003-01-09 Publication of US20030006196A1 publication Critical patent/US20030006196A1/en

Status Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 title description 2
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
-1 aluminium hydroxychloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 22
VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 22
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
JGSRCGNALNSSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Mg+2].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical compound [Mg+2].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O JGSRCGNALNSSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
WPUINVXKIPAAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[K+] WPUINVXKIPAAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 13
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 11
238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 5
235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 5
238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
229940077746 antacid containing aluminium compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010792 electronic scrap Substances 0.000 description 1
238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001456 vanadium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5254—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using magnesium compounds and phosphoric acid for removing ammonia
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Definitions

the invention relates to a method of purifying an aqueous solution contaminated by aluminium and less noble metals. More precisely, the invention relates to a method of precipitating heavy metals with aluminium from an aqueous solution thereof, whereby the pH of the solution is raised.
by-products are obtained from the surface treatment of aluminium.
Representative examples are sludges of mainly aluminium hydroxide, waste sulphuric acids from the removal of coatings In the surface treatment, and aqueous sulphuric acid solutions of aluminium sulphate from the recovery of sulphuric acid in the surface treatment.
Spent aluminic catalysts are likewise obtained as aluminium hydroxide and aluminium chloride from the oil cracking industry.
Other industries also produce aluminic waste materials, which can leach and pollute the environment.
electronic scrap comprises ferrous and non-ferrous metals. These metals include copper, aluminium, iron, nickel, tin, and zinc, as well as small amounts of gold and silver.
Aluminium sulphate Is an important component in connection with the purification of drinking water, and the limits for this compound are set with reference to the concentration of heavy metals. This is especially important when waters are required, which must meet food standards. In this connection, chromium can constitute a serious problem if a pure raw material is not used in a purification procedure.
a polymeric flocculant is used in order to remove from the polluted water such metals as copper, chromium, cobalt, lead, iron, indium, nickel, cadmium, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, bismuth, and vanadium.
Complexes called polyaluminium chloride (PAC) are among the commercial products used for such treatments of water.
PAC polyaluminium chloride
aluminium sulfate is used as a flocculent, whereby a heavy metal containing floc is also formed for removal.
the purpose of the invention is to eliminate or reduce the drawbacks mentioned above by providing a method of precipitating a more noble metal with a less noble metal by means of a redox reaction, whereby non-desired reactions are blocked.
the invention is based on a reduction reaction that is performed according to known principles with a less noble metal than the impurities to be treated, the less noble metal being aluminium.
the more noble metal impurities such as iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper, and manganese, are reduced from their ionic form to their metallic form.
ions of more toxic metals such as zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, vanadium, and nickel ions, are also reduced in the inventive method. These impurities are subsequently removed in the form of metals. This is performed by means of filtration and/or centrifugation.
the amount of metallic aluminium required in order to accomplish the reduction reaction depends on the concentrations the more noble impurities as metal salts.
the reaction time must also be taken into consideration, i.e. the longer reaction the more metallic aluminium is consumed.
the higher oxidation state of the impurity the more metallic aluminium is consumed in order to accomplish the reduction reaction.
1 mole of an impurity having a valence number of 3 requires 1 mole of aluminium
1 mole of an impurity having a valence number of 2 requires 2 ⁇ 3 mole of aluminium
1 mole of an impurity having a valence number of 1 requires 1 ⁇ 3 mole of aluminium.
the double amounts of the theoretical values are used in order to guarantee a complete reduction reaction.
aluminium chloride is a commercial product of interest, water will always be hydrolyzed and create problems.
the inventive method is especially adapted to the reduction of metals in a partly alkalized aluminium chloride solution.
the aluminium chloride is so aggressive that it will attack the metallic aluminium before all the heavy metals have been completely reduced. This problem is especially important with chromium.
Representative heavy metals which exhibit biological toxicity when released into the environment include copper, zinc, nickel, tin, lead, cadmium, cobalt, mercury, chromium, manganese, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, vanadium, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, indium, rhodium, ruthenium, technetium, molybdenum, nobium, osmium, iridium, uranium, plutionium, lanthanides, actinides, and mixtures thereof.
Metal ions which are especially suitable to be purified from a polluted aqueous aluminium solution by means of the method according to the invention, are ions of silver, mercury, copper, lead, tin, molybdenum, nickel, cadmium, iron, zinc, chromium, manganese, and zirconium.
Examples of suitable alkalis in the inventive method are magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium oxide, metallic aluminium, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium aluminate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium oxide, potassium aluminate, potassium magnesium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
the aluminium ion has the largest capacity of hydrolyzing water, hydrogen ions being generated which block an effective purification.
an alkali e.g. magnesium hydroxide
the aluminium ions will become less aggressive, whereby also chromium is reduced.
aluminium ions form large complexes or polymeric compounds by means of hydroxide bridges between the aluminium ions in a polluted water solution that is treated with method according to the invention, such as: 2 ⁇ Al 3 + + 2 ⁇ OH - ⁇ [ ⁇ OH Al Al ⁇ ] 4 + OH ⁇
inventive method is also adapted to a polluted aqueous solution with suspended material therein.
An alkali in this case magnesium hydroxide, was added to the aluminium chloride solution in a molar ratio magnesium hydroxide/aluminium ions of 0.75. Then metallic aluminium was added in a molar ratio metallic aluminium/chromium ions of 10.
the chromium ions could react with a metallic aluminium, the amount of chromium in the solution being reduced from 100 mg/l to 10 mg/l (90%).

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

US10/164,054 2001-06-07 2002-06-05 Reduction process Abandoned US20030006196A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
SE0101996-7		1999-12-03
SE0101996A SE522777C2 (sv)	2001-06-07	2001-06-07	Reduktionsprocess

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
US20030006196A1 true US20030006196A1 (en)	2003-01-09

Family

ID=20284376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
US10/164,054 Abandoned US20030006196A1 (en)	2001-06-07	2002-06-05	Reduction process

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
US (1)	US20030006196A1 (fr)
EP (1)	EP1264801A3 (fr)
NO (1)	NO20022643L (fr)
SE (1)	SE522777C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US20100189613A1 (en) *	2007-09-17	2010-07-29	Areva Federal Services Llc	Process for Removal of Aluminum Oxides from Aqueous Media
US20110024360A1 (en) *	2006-03-03	2011-02-03	Inland Environmental Resources, Inc.	Compositions and methods for wastewater treatment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3939405A (en) *	1974-08-19	1976-02-17	Deere & Company	Apparatus and method for making decay rate measurements
US4060410A (en) *	1975-07-07	1977-11-29	Marcel Laszlo	Process for removing heavy metals from fluid media
US4136026A (en) *	1977-11-23	1979-01-23	Aluminum Company Of America	Caustic solution having controlled dissolved aluminum content
US4950326A (en) *	1989-05-01	1990-08-21	Tektronix, Inc.	Process for removal of dissolved copper from solution
US5800716A (en) *	1993-10-21	1998-09-01	Laporte Industries Limited	Processes for the treatment of acidic liquors and for the production of commercial products thereby
US5976383A (en) *	1991-04-08	1999-11-02	Romar Technologies, Inc.	Recycle process for removing dissolved heavy metals from water with aluminum particles

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE3347385A1 (de) *	1983-12-29	1985-07-11	Inovan-Stroebe GmbH & Co KG, 7534 Birkenfeld	Verfahren zur behandlung metallhaltiger abwaesser
IL91653A0 (en) *	1988-10-11	1990-04-29	Enthone	Waste treatment of metal containing solutions
US5069800A (en) *	1990-08-22	1991-12-03	The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior	Chemical process for the denitrification of water
DE19507066C1 (de) *	1995-03-01	1996-05-02	Lpw Anlagen Gmbh	Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Restnickel aus verbrauchten galvanotechnischen Nickel-Bädern

2001
- 2001-06-07 SE SE0101996A patent/SE522777C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
2002
- 2002-05-31 EP EP02012069A patent/EP1264801A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-05 US US10/164,054 patent/US20030006196A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-05 NO NO20022643A patent/NO20022643L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3939405A (en) *	1974-08-19	1976-02-17	Deere & Company	Apparatus and method for making decay rate measurements
US4060410A (en) *	1975-07-07	1977-11-29	Marcel Laszlo	Process for removing heavy metals from fluid media
US4136026A (en) *	1977-11-23	1979-01-23	Aluminum Company Of America	Caustic solution having controlled dissolved aluminum content
US4950326A (en) *	1989-05-01	1990-08-21	Tektronix, Inc.	Process for removal of dissolved copper from solution
US5976383A (en) *	1991-04-08	1999-11-02	Romar Technologies, Inc.	Recycle process for removing dissolved heavy metals from water with aluminum particles
US5800716A (en) *	1993-10-21	1998-09-01	Laporte Industries Limited	Processes for the treatment of acidic liquors and for the production of commercial products thereby

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US20110024360A1 (en) *	2006-03-03	2011-02-03	Inland Environmental Resources, Inc.	Compositions and methods for wastewater treatment
US20100189613A1 (en) *	2007-09-17	2010-07-29	Areva Federal Services Llc	Process for Removal of Aluminum Oxides from Aqueous Media
US7968067B2 (en) *	2007-09-17	2011-06-28	Areva Federal Services, Llc	Process for removal of aluminum oxides from aqueous media
US20110311419A1 (en) *	2007-09-17	2011-12-22	Geniesse Donald	Process for Removal of Aluminum Oxides from Aqueous Media

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
SE522777C2 (sv)	2004-03-09
SE0101996D0 (sv)	2001-06-07
NO20022643D0 (no)	2002-06-05
EP1264801A3 (fr)	2003-10-29
SE0101996L (sv)	2002-12-08
EP1264801A2 (fr)	2002-12-11
NO20022643L (no)	2002-12-09

Legal Events

Date

Code

Title

Description

2002-09-04

AS

Assignment

Owner name: FERALCO AB, SWEDEN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JAFVERSTROM, STEFAN;CLARKE, NEIL;REEL/FRAME:013262/0306

Effective date: 20020618

2006-07-25

STCB

Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US5106508A (en)	1992-04-21	Integrated process for cyanide and heavy metal removal from plating process waste streams
Wei et al.	2005	Recovery of iron and aluminum from acid mine drainage by selective precipitation
US4405464A (en)	1983-09-20	Process for the removal of selenium from aqueous systems
CA2386940C (fr)	2007-01-23	Procede pour reduire la concentration de metaux et de metalloides dissous dans une solution aqueuse
US5545331A (en)	1996-08-13	Recycle process for removing dissolved heavy metals from water with iron particles
CA3122492C (fr)	2024-05-21	Procede d'obtention de scorodite a haute teneur en arsenic dans des solutions acides a haute teneur en acide sulfurique
JPS60500901A (ja)	1985-06-20	水溶液から重金属を除去する方法
JPS62253738A (ja)	1987-11-05	危険な金属廃スラツジの除去方法
WO2001030473A1 (fr)	2001-05-03	Procede de detoxication des cyanures
CN104944636A (zh)	2015-09-30	一种有色金属矿山酸性废水治理方法
CN111018192A (zh)	2020-04-17	一种使用硫化钠固体沉淀亚铁溶液中重金属离子制取高纯亚铁的方法
CN108374095B (zh)	2020-01-21	一种从含银水溶液中回收银的方法
US4445935A (en)	1984-05-01	Method for the recovery of silver from waste photographic fixer solutions
USH1852H (en)	2000-06-06	Waste treatment of metal plating solutions
JP4165637B2 (ja)	2008-10-15	スラッジを出さず有害物質を含む排水を処理する方法及びそれに使用する薬剤
US6827860B2 (en)	2004-12-07	Method for eliminating nickel ions and lead ions from ferrous salt solutions
JPH0248315B2 (fr)	1990-10-24
RU2390500C1 (ru)	2010-05-27	Способ очистки водных растворов от мышьяка и сопутствующих тяжелых металлов
EP1264801A2 (fr)	2002-12-11	Processus de reduction directe
US5968229A (en)	1999-10-19	Purification of metal containing solutions
US6251283B1 (en)	2001-06-26	Methods for removing selenium from a waste stream
EP0221760A2 (fr)	1987-05-13	Procédé pour récupérer des métaux à partir de solutions aqueuses contenant plusieurs de ceux-ci par précipitation sélective au moyen de phosphates
JP2002233882A (ja)	2002-08-20	重金属を含む水溶液から重金属を回収する方法
RU2134728C1 (ru)	1999-08-20	Способ экстракции свинца из водных растворов
JPH0475285B2 (fr)	1992-11-30