US20030130748A1 - Remote terminal unit assembly - Google Patents

Remote terminal unit assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030130748A1
US20030130748A1 US09/548,661 US54866100A US2003130748A1 US 20030130748 A1 US20030130748 A1 US 20030130748A1 US 54866100 A US54866100 A US 54866100A US 2003130748 A1 US2003130748 A1 US 2003130748A1
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Prior art keywords
cell
cells
data
programmed
function
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Abandoned
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US09/548,661
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English (en)
Inventor
Graham O'Donnell
Morgan Sheehy
Adrian Kearney
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Viserge Ltd
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Individual
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Assigned to VISERGE LIMITED reassignment VISERGE LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: O'DONNELL, GRAHAM, SHEEHY, MORGAN, KEARNEY, ADRIAN
Assigned to GATX EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY VENTURES reassignment GATX EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY VENTURES MORTGAGE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VISERGO LIMITED
Publication of US20030130748A1 publication Critical patent/US20030130748A1/en
Priority to US10/947,781 priority Critical patent/US7437203B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
    • G06F11/2294—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing by remote test
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a remote terminal unit (RTU) assembly.
  • RTUs often form part of a control system which generally comprises a master station having a networked communications link with a plurality of RTUs, each associated with one or more separate plant units providing control and monitoring functions for the control system.
  • RTUs remote terminal units
  • RTU The traditional design approach for RTU includes the use of a central, main or primary microprocessor as effectively the operating system of the RTU. In some cases additional microprocessors may be used to augment the first processor and perform functions such as input/output to a plant unit.
  • additional microprocessors may be used to augment the first processor and perform functions such as input/output to a plant unit.
  • the first and simplest is a main processor having a series of I/O ports.
  • the second type consists of a main microprocessor and then sub-microprocessors each operating with separate I/O ports. As the cost of microprocessors declines, the addition of sub microprocessors becomes more feasible and undoubtedly this allows increased overall processing capability and some operational advantages.
  • RTU comprises a plurality of sub-microprocessors, each dealing with separate I/O ports which in turn communicate back to a main processor, which can be sited remote from the other sub-processors.
  • the present invention is directed towards overcoming these problems and towards providing an RTU assembly that will be more efficient in use than heretofore.
  • an RTU assembly comprising:
  • inter-cell communication means for the continuous downloading of information between cells
  • a data controller having means to provide a unique identifier to each data input to the RTU;
  • acceptor means on each cell to receive data appropriately identified for that cell for subsequent processing.
  • each cell is effectively a separably operable RTU, the failure of one cell does not affect the failure of another cell. Further, it is possible to immediately communicate with another cell that there has been a failure and therefore, the other cells can, in many instances, immediately assume the processing function of the now failed cell and the control system would operate in substantially the same manner as before without showing any fault in the system. The control system would continue to operate as before as all the operational functions of control and monitoring would continue to be carried out on these plant units.
  • the data controller and the receptor means are formed by a distributed database.
  • a distributed database is particularly advantageous. It is a very efficient database to use and inevitably the database can be held effectively on each cell and thus each cell will have information as to what other cells hold and will also have information as to which information it should take.
  • a system operational function is assigned to a cell to form a primary cell and at least one additional cell as a back-up cell and in which the primary cell performs the operational function while the back-up cell receives the data until the primary cell fails and the back-up cell assumes the role of a primary cell.
  • more than one cell is connected to the same I/O port of a plant unit to which it is connected.
  • the advantage of having this will be immediately apparent It is a simple matter to wire more than one cell to any I/O port of a plant unit.
  • the inter-cell communication means incorporates re-configuration means to change the operational function of a cell and it may incorporate means to transfer to and store instructions in any cell for subsequent re-configuration of that or any other cell.
  • the great advantage of this is that by providing re-configuration means in the multiple RTU, the failure of any cell is quickly obviated by the assumption immediately, by another cell, of the functions being carried out on the plant units by the now failed RTU.
  • the cells communicate through dual redundant networks and they may have a dual redundant power supply.
  • the RTUs are being grouped as cells within this multiple RTU, the provision of such redundancy is relatively easily achieved.
  • each cell comprises a data device for storing information relating to the functional operation of other cells in the multiple RTU.
  • the advantage of this is that each cell has full knowledge of the operational functions and requirements of any other cell. Thus, the maximum knowledge is provided.
  • the invention provides a control system incorporating an RTU assembly of the type hereinbefore described.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in the manner of the present invention and in more conventional manner a diagrammatic representation of an operational cell used in the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in the manner of the invention and more conventionally three cells forming an RTU assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates diagrammatically five cells forming the one RTU assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates diagrammatically the functions assigned to the RTU assembly of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates inter-cell communications for the RTU assembly of FIGS. 3 and 4,
  • FIG. 6 illustrates diagrammatically a control system using RTU assemblies according to the invention
  • cell is used to identify any unit, or indeed any part of a unit which is a re-configurable operating component. Essentially such a unit or cell could be in all respects a stand alone RTU. There is strictly speaking no limitation on what a cell can be.
  • a cell will contain a microprocessor or a number of microprocessors which usually have a power supply, I/O ports, the processors may also have a memory and generally perform various operations on receipt of a signal from a plant I/O port to which they are connected, as well as delivering signals to the plant unit to cause the plant to operate in a particular manner which control functions can in turn be a function of the receipt of commands from a central master control unit, or could, for example, be in response to a signal received from another RTU, or indeed in response to a signal received from the same plant unit, or a different plant unit
  • any reference to an RTU, or cell has to be given the broadest possible interpretation and similarly any reference to function can include any systems operational function such as communications, automation, monitoring, data logging, control and so on.
  • the essential feature of the invention is the management or control of the data received by the RTU assembly according to the invention which may be data on the operational behaviour of an item of equipment, data from another remote terminal, controller or other instructions inputted by a master station, or by a user or operator.
  • data has no limitation in this specification, but it can be used to encompass any input to an RTU.
  • the essential feature of the invention as will become apparent hereinafter is that the data is handled to ensure that all the cells have made available to them all the data inputted to the RTU and then it is arranged that the cell only receives that data that it requires to carry out the functions allocated to it and whatever other data it may require. There are two types of functions, control and system functions
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in conventional manner an independently operated cell in two formats, namely as a six-sided cell and identified by the reference letter C 1 and in conventional manner again identified by the reference C 1 and incorporating a microprocessor and I/O ports for plant interface to all intents what would conventionally be called an RTU if used on its own.
  • FIG. 2 shows an RTU assembly according to the present invention comprising three cells C 1 , C 2 and C 3 linked together, again these are by an inter-cell communication means, which is not illustrated separately but is simply shown by the contact between the three cells C 1 , C 2 and C 3 .
  • This RTU assembly is identified by the reference MC 1 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in the same form five cells C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 and C 5 combining together to form an RTU assembly identified by the reference MC 2 Referring
  • FIG. 4 the RTU assembly MC 2 is illustrated showing how cell C 1 has a communication function handled by its microprocessor, cell C 2 has the automation functions cell C 3 has a monitoring function, cell C 4 has a duplicate communications function and cell C 5 has a data logging function.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the RTU assembly MC 2 illustrating dual redundant inter-cell communications.
  • the essential feature of the invention is the management or control of the data received by the RTU
  • This is provided by general control means and can preferably be divided up into a data controller having means to provide a unique identifier to each data input to the RTU and acceptor means on each cell to receive data appropriately identified for that cell for subsequent processing.
  • This is achieved in accordance with the invention by the use of a distributed database, but many other means could be used.
  • the distributed database stores the system functions and control functions.
  • a software program is available to implement these functions. The software program will depend on the complexity of the function to be carried out and the hardware of each cell.
  • FIG. 6 there is illustrated a control system comprising a master station identified by the reference numeral MS 1 having master communication links with a number of RTUs namely two single cell RTUs C 1 and C 2 and three RTU assemblies MC 1 , MC 2 and MC 3 .
  • the master communications link is identified in each case by the reference numeral 1 .
  • Each of the RTUs C 1 , C 2 , MC 1 , MC 2 and MC 3 are in turn connected to plant units and their I/O ports, or plant interface modules by normal communication links which could be for example direct plug-in, identified by the reference numeral 2 .
  • the plant units are in turn identified successively by the reference P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 and P 5 .
  • the I/O ports of the plant unit P 3 are identified by the reference numerals 3 , 4 and 5 .
  • the I/O ports of the plant unit P 4 are identified by the reference numerals 6 to 10 inclusive and the I/O ports of the plant unit P 5 are identified by the reference numerals 11 to 18 inclusive.
  • the inter-cell communications link is not identified between the cells of the RTU assemblies MC 1 , MC 2 and MC 3 and may be either single inter-cell communications links as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4, or dual redundant inter-cell communication rinks as illustrated in FIG. 5. However, for simplicity these are not shown.
  • the master Station 1 is connected in conventional manner to two of the RTUs C 1 and C 2 and then is connected by its master communications link 1 with the cell C 3 of Fe RTU assembly MC 1 . It will be seen that the cells C 3 , C 4 and C 5 are each connected to separate I/O ports 3 , 4 and 5 respectively of plant unit P 3
  • each cell is connected to more than one set of I/O ports in the plant unit P 4 .
  • the cell C 6 is connected to the I/O ports 7 and 6 while the cell C 7 is also connected to the I/O ports 6 and 7 .
  • each I/O port is connected to at least two cells.
  • the I/O ports 12 and 13 are connected to more than one cell, in this case cells C 15 and C 16 There is thus a multiplicity of connections.
  • the distributed database forms, as mentioned already, a data controller having means to provide a unique identifier to each data input to the RTU assembly and receptor means in each cell to receive data appropriately identified for that cell for subsequent processing.
  • data controller is used in this description for what is essentially a data control function embodied in software. The first thing that the data controller does is that it provides unique identifiers to each data input. This could be a specific unique identifier or could just be a general identifier, in other words, a particular parameter or signal from a plant I/O port would always be identified in the same way.
  • Each cell would have sufficient of the distributed database on it to form acceptor means, again a short hand term for what is essentially a software program
  • each cell would have on it a list of the various data that it would be polled with, as it where, and it then has the acceptor means to choose the data it requires. For example, if Fe data was data that had to be used by it to carry out a particular function, that particular function would require that data and therefore that data would be downloaded into the cell and the cell would process the information. Essentially all that is required is that a cell recognise information as it needs and then takes it and that it rejects all other information that it doesn't need.
  • a system operational function is assigned to more than one cell
  • one of the cells in effect forms a primary cell and the other additional cell forms a back-up cell, or if there are further additional cells, then they form more back-up cells.
  • the arrangement is such that the primary cell performs the operational functions, while the back-up cell receives the data until the primary cell fails, or until some decision is made to take the primary cell out of service. Effectively then the back-up cell assumes the role of the primary cell, this can all be done in a seamless manner and doesn't require any control function.
  • the power supply can be either a single power supply, or can include a redundant power supply for added reliability.
  • inter-cell communication means can download Information between cells in an RTU assembly. It will be obvious from the various drawings that separate operational functions for processing within the RTU assembly can be allocated to any particular cell, or that, for example, the same operational function can be allocated to two cells to provide real time redundancy of the carrying out of that function so that you have certain operational functions allocated to more than one cell.
  • a separate I/O module could be provided which would include allocation means for allocating a predetermined I/O port to a specific cell of an RTU assembly according to the present invention.
  • a cell wilt not be able to carry out a whole function, but only part of the function.
  • the present invention can configure a number of cells to carry out parts of the function so that a function is completed.
  • a master communications link can be formed between at least two cells and the master station.
  • one of the master communications link could be a land based link and the other redundant link could be a radio based link.
  • the radio link would still operate to provide the necessary control.
  • inter-cell communication means would incorporate re-configuration means to change the operational function of any cell, depending on whether that particular cell indicates a malfunction or some other cell indicates a malfunction.
  • the re-configuration means could incorporate means to transfer to and store instructions In any cell for subsequent re-configuration of that or any other cell.
  • the re-configuration means would incorporate means to transfer operational functions allocated to a call to another cell on sensing malfunction of a cell.
  • One of the major features of the present invention is the provision of redundant communication networks, power supplies and the like. It is also envisaged that since all the cells will include a memory function that there will be provided means for storing information relating to the functional operation of other cells in each cell forming part of the RTU assembly.
  • a most important feature of the present invention is the replacement of a controlling processor with a number of processors, each assigned an appropriate task or function, or group of functions within the overall operation of the RTU assembly.
  • the failure of one cell can be Irrelevant, similarly when there is the failure of the master communications link because the communication function can be either previously allocated to another cell to provide immediate redundancy, or can be subsequently downloaded onto another cell by the RTU assembly itself, the problem of the master communications link with the master station can be effectively eliminated.
  • each cell can be programmed to continually update the status, data requirements and system functions being carded out by itself and other cells at preset intervals.
  • any cell can be configured to perform any function or functions and they don't have to be predefined, but can be reallocated at any time. This, in addition to flexibility, ensures that the functions can be distributed evenly throughout the RTU assembly preventing excessive load on any particular cell and also preventing critical functions all being tied up in the one particular cell.
  • inter-cell communication means would be conventional dual redundant high speed LANs.
  • RTU is the term used in this specification, it will be appreciated that the invention is applicable to any signal processor that performs the functions mentioned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
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US09/548,661 1997-10-13 2000-04-13 Remote terminal unit assembly Abandoned US20030130748A1 (en)

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US10/947,781 US7437203B2 (en) 1997-10-13 2004-09-23 Remote terminal unit assembly

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PCT/IE1998/000083 WO1999020075A1 (en) 1997-10-13 1998-10-13 A remote terminal unit assembly

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CN110597105A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2019-12-20 广州海达安控智能科技有限公司 兼容多类型数字传感器的rtu及其控制方法、设备、介质

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CN107407948B (zh) 2015-02-23 2021-06-01 霍尼韦尔国际公司 支持提升的操作温度和减少的功耗的远程终端单元（rtu）
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US20040098172A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Abb Research Ltd. Configuration system for network appliances, and a method for reconfiguration of appliances
CN110597105A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2019-12-20 广州海达安控智能科技有限公司 兼容多类型数字传感器的rtu及其控制方法、设备、介质

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Publication number Publication date
IES80817B2 (en) 1999-03-10
EP1023816A1 (de) 2000-08-02
IE980845A1 (en) 1999-04-21
AU9557198A (en) 1999-05-03
DE69832900D1 (de) 2006-01-26
ATE313928T1 (de) 2006-01-15
IES980846A2 (en) 1999-03-10
US20050216107A1 (en) 2005-09-29
EP1023816B1 (de) 2005-12-21
US7437203B2 (en) 2008-10-14
WO1999020075A1 (en) 1999-04-22

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