US20030179182A1 - Article comprising an adaptable input devce - Google Patents

Article comprising an adaptable input devce Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030179182A1
US20030179182A1 US10/371,923 US37192303A US2003179182A1 US 20030179182 A1 US20030179182 A1 US 20030179182A1 US 37192303 A US37192303 A US 37192303A US 2003179182 A1 US2003179182 A1 US 2003179182A1
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Prior art keywords
portable terminal
input device
movement
cursor
article
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US10/371,923
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English (en)
Inventor
Winston Lieu
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OL Security LLC
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Individual
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Priority to US10/371,923 priority Critical patent/US20030179182A1/en
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Assigned to MOCHIS INVESTMENT LLC reassignment MOCHIS INVESTMENT LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOBICOM CORPORATION
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H04M1/0245—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings using relative motion of the body parts to change the operational status of the telephone set, e.g. switching on/off, answering incoming call using open/close detection
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a graphical user interface, and more particularly to an input device.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • icons graphical symbols
  • a well-designed GUI frees a user from learning complex command languages, as is required when using a character-based interface (e.g., DOS, etc.).
  • GUI The graphical symbols of the GUI are organized on a display screen using principles that are similar to those that are used for arranging the working surface of a desk. Hence, this system of organization is called a “desktop.”
  • pointing device One way by which a user interacts with the desktop is to use a pointing device.
  • pointing devices A variety of different kinds of pointing devices are available. Examples of pointing devices include the “mouse,” “trackball,” “trackpad,” “lightpen,” “joystick,” and “stylus.”
  • the pointing device which is a part of the GUI, enables a user to move about or “navigate” the desktop to accomplish specific tasks.
  • One task for example, is to move items (e.g., files, etc.) between various locations (e.g., folders, directories, etc.).
  • the items are moved with the pointing device using physical “gestures,” such as by “pointing,” “clicking,” and “dragging.” Movements or gestures of the pointing device are echoed on the desktop by movements of a cursor or “pointer,” which usually appears in the display screen as a small arrow (and/or by movement of an insertion point—which can be distinct from the cursor).
  • the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is an adaptable input device for use in conjunction with a host device.
  • the host device is a combined PDA/wireless terminal (hereinafter a “portable terminal”).
  • an aspect of the operation of the adaptable input device changes as a function of a state of the portable terminal.
  • state refers to a physical attribute of the portable terminal (or other host device), such as a changeable physical configuration or spatial orientation of the host device.
  • the term explicitly excludes changes in “soft” aspects of the portable terminal, such as a change in programming, or a change in a menu that appears in a display screen of the portable terminal.
  • the aspect of operation that changes is the functionality of the adaptable input device.
  • the functionality changes from being able to access telecommunications capabilities (e.g., accessing menus to initiate phone calls, etc.) to operating as a pointing device.
  • the aspect of operation that changes is the directionality of the input device. For example, when the adaptable input device functions as a pointing device, the aspect of operation that changes is the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement of the pointing device.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic of an adaptable input device in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a method for changing the operation of an input device in response to a change in state of a host device.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a plan view of a portable terminal, wherein the portable terminal is closed.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a perspective, back view of the portable terminal of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a perspective view of the portable terminal of FIG. 3, wherein the portable terminal is open.
  • FIGS. 6 A- 6 D depict the cover of a portable terminal in accordance with the illustrative embodiment being rotated from a fully-closed position (FIG. 6A) to a fully-open position (FIG. 6D).
  • FIG. 7 depicts a variation of the portable terminal of FIG. 3, wherein the portable terminal includes the adaptable input device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a variation of the portable terminal of FIG. 3, wherein the portable terminal includes an adaptable pointing device, and wherein the portable terminal is closed and is in a vertical orientation.
  • FIG. 9 depicts the portable terminal of FIG. 8, wherein the portable terminal is open and is in a vertical orientation.
  • FIG. 10 depicts the portable terminal of FIG. 8, wherein the portable terminal is open and is in a horizontal orientation, and wherein the display of the portable terminal is physically rotated.
  • FIG. 11 depicts the portable terminal of FIG. 8, wherein the portable terminal is open and is in a horizontal orientation, and wherein images in the display screen are electronically rotated.
  • FIG. 12 depicts a variation of the portable terminals shown in FIGS. 8 - 11 , wherein the portable terminal includes, in addition to the pointing device that is disposed on the cover, a second pointing device that is disposed on the base.
  • a host device incorporates an adaptable input device.
  • adaptable means that one or more aspects of the operation of the input device can change as a function of a state of the host device.
  • aspects of the operation means one or more characteristic of the way in which the input device works. Such characteristics include, without limitation, the functionality of the input device and the response of other elements of the host device (e.g., a cursor, etc.) to actuation of the input device.
  • the adaptable input device described herein is most readily described with reference to a particular host device.
  • the host device is a portable terminal. It is to be understood, however, that in other embodiments, the adaptable input device is used in conjunction with other types of host devices, such as media players (e.g., gaming devices, MP3 players, etc.), dedicated PDAs, dedicated wireless terminals, location-determining devices, etc.
  • media players e.g., gaming devices, MP3 players, etc.
  • dedicated PDAs dedicated wireless terminals
  • location-determining devices etc.
  • FIG. 1 depicts adaptable input device 100 .
  • the adaptable input device includes input device 102 , processor 104 , and, optionally, one or more sensors 106 .
  • input device 102 is a pointing device 102 A.
  • a pointing device is a device that is capable of moving an on-screen cursor or insertion point or both to a desired location on a display screen, in known fashion.
  • the pointing device can have any one of a number of well-known configurations, such as, without limitation, a joystick, plural buttons, etc.
  • pointing device 102 A possesses additional functionality, such as the ability to “click on” an icon, etc.
  • Processor 104 is capable of mapping movements of the on-screen cursor and/or insertion point to movements of pointing device 102 A, in known fashion.
  • processor means a single integrated circuit (“IC”), or a plurality of ICs or other components that are connected or otherwise function cooperatively, such as microprocessors, including programmed general purpose microprocessors or special purpose microprocessors, digital signal processors, memory (e.g., RAM, ROM, etc.) and the like.
  • Sensor(s) 106 are capable of detecting changes in a state (previously defined) of a host device.
  • the purpose for detecting changes in the state of the host device is to trigger changes in the operation of adaptable input device 100 (e.g., change in functionality, change in cursor/insertion point response, etc.).
  • the sensor(s) can detect, without limitation:
  • Sensor(s) 106 are also capable of generating and outputting a signal that is indicative of a changed state of the host device.
  • the signal is received by processor 104 , which, in accordance with its programming, changes the operation of adaptable input device 100 (e.g., changes its functionality, changes the cursor/insertion point response to movement of pointing device 102 A, etc.) as appropriate. It is within the capabilities of those skilled in the art to select, for use as sensor(s) 106 any of a wide of variety sensors, such as those operating based on mechanical, optical, or magnetic principles, among others.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a flowchart of method 200 for changing an aspect of the operation of an input device in response to a change in state of a host device.
  • Task 202 comprises detecting a change in a state of a host device. This task is performed, for example, by sensor(s) 106 . Once a change is detected, a signal that is indicative of the change is generated, as per task 204 . Typically, the sensors generate the signal.
  • an aspect of the operation of an input device is changed, in accordance with task 206 .
  • the aspect of operation can pertain to the functionality of the input device, the response of cursor and/or insertion point to movement of the input device, or the like.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a portable terminal 300 .
  • Portable terminal 300 provides both wireless telecommunications capabilities and personal computing (i.e., PDA-type) capabilities. With regard to its telecommunications capabilities, portable terminal 300 is capable of transmitting and receiving both voice and data with wireless base stations (not shown) or other wireless terminals, or both. Additionally, portable terminal 300 is capable of supporting telecommunications with wireline terminals through a wireless base station and wireline infrastructure. As to its personal computing capabilities, portable terminal 300 provides typical PDA computing and storage capabilities, including, without limitation, scheduling, address book storage and retrieval, note-taking, and an ability to run a variety of application software packages (e.g., calculators, games, etc.).
  • application software packages e.g., calculators, games, etc.
  • portable terminal 300 includes display 308 and keyboard-housing 312 .
  • the keyboard-housing consists of cover 314 and a portion of base 416 (see FIG. 4).
  • Display 308 has a display screen 310 , which is advantageously an LCD screen.
  • Portable terminal 300 can be used in either of two basic states: “closed,” as depicted in FIGS. 3, 4, 6 A, and 7 , or “open,” as depicted in FIGS. 5 and 6D.
  • Display 308 is fully visible to a user when portable terminal 300 is closed and also when it's open.
  • Portable terminal 300 includes keyboard-open sensor 106 A (see, FIGS. 6B, 6C), which is a device or circuit that senses if the portable terminal is open (or closed).
  • keyboard-open sensor 106 A can be used to trigger certain changes in operation that are required as a function of a state (open or closed) of portable terminal 300 .
  • the keyboard-open sensor can be suitably implemented in any of variety ways known to those skilled in the art (e.g., as a mechanical sensor, as an optical sensor, etc.).
  • cover 314 is rotatably connected to base 416 (and display 308 ) at pivot 420 .
  • cover 314 is capable of rotating “out-of-plane” (of base 416 ) about pivot axis 1 - 1 between a fully closed position (e.g., FIG. 3, etc.) and a fully-open position (e.g., FIG. 5, etc.).
  • This “out-of-plane” rotation exposes the underside of cover 314 , which includes portion 524 of a “split” keyboard.
  • portable terminal 300 When portable terminal 300 is closed, it is used in the manner of a conventional wireless terminal to send and receive calls. In this state, cover 314 is superposed over base 416 so that they coincide (i.e., defining keyboard-housing 312 ) and serve as a handle for gripping portable terminal 300 (in the manner of a conventional wireless phone).
  • both the telecommunications capabilities and the PDA capabilities (e.g., address book, schedule, etc.) of portable terminal 300 are accessible.
  • cover 314 is rotated out-of-plane, away from base 416 , as illustrated in FIGS. 6B and 6C.
  • the keyboard of portable terminal 300 is exposed.
  • the keyboard e.g., qwerty, etc.
  • the keyboard is implemented in two portions, keyboard portion 522 and keyboard portion 524 .
  • Keyboard portion 522 is disposed within base 416 and keyboard portion 524 is disposed within cover 314 .
  • display 310 is disposed between keyboard portion 522 and keyboard portion 524 .
  • Keyboard portions 522 and 524 advantageously provide a set of keys 525 for inputting the alpha characters of a language (e.g., English, etc.).
  • the keyboard also advantageously includes one or more linearly-arranged keypads for inputting numbers, and additional function keys (e.g., keys that access certain applications, such as an address book, schedule, note taker, etc., or that provide an ability to scroll, etc.)
  • keyboard portions 522 and 524 advantageously include keys that access various telecommunications functions (i.e., the ability to place a call, the ability to receive a call, etc.).
  • each of the keyboard portions contains about one-half the total number of keys.
  • the keys are unequally distributed between the two keyboard portions.
  • Portable terminal 300 also includes input device(s) 102 , which comprise key(s) or other elements (e.g., a joystick, etc.). These keys or other elements are not physically co-located with the group of keys that define the keyboard.
  • the information provided by input device 102 is different than the information that can be provided via the keys in the keyboard.
  • input device 102 is a pointing device that moves a cursor and/or insertion point in display screen 310 .
  • portable terminal 300 e.g., basic circuitry, components, the operation of same, etc.
  • portable terminal 300 e.g., basic circuitry, components, the operation of same, etc.
  • buttons 726 A, 726 B, 726 C, and 726 D are realized as “buttons” 726 A, 726 B, 726 C, and 726 D (collectively “buttons 726 ”).
  • buttons 726 are used to access the telecommunications capabilities of the portable terminal. But when portable terminal 300 is open, these buttons function as pointing devices, wherein each button is capable of moving an on-screen cursor and/or insertion point in a different direction.
  • button 726 A when portable terminal 300 is closed, button 726 A is used to answer a call and button 726 C is used to access various menus (e.g., a listing of most recent calls, a phone book, etc.).
  • Button 726 B is used to select a function that appears on the lower left-hand side of display screen 310 (within a given menu)
  • button 726 D is used to select a function that appears on the lower right-hand side of the screen 310 (within a given menu).
  • button 726 B When button 726 B is used to select a function, button 726 D provides scrolling capability.
  • button 726 D When button 726 D is used to select a function, button 726 B provides scrolling capability.
  • button 726 A is used to move the cursor “down” (from the perspective of a viewer looking at the display screen as it appears in FIG. 5)
  • button 726 C is used to move the cursor “up”
  • button 726 B is used to move the cursor toward the “left”
  • button 726 D is used to move the cursor toward the “right.”
  • buttons 726 are located on the “back” side of cover 314 . That is, input device 102 is on the back of the keyboard (i.e., the back of keyboard portion 524 ). This is in contrast to a typical arrangement wherein the pointing device is co-located among the keys of the keyboard or otherwise on the same side of the keyboard as the keys.
  • input device(s) 102 function as a pointing device when the terminal is open and when it is closed.
  • the direction in which a cursor and/or insertion point moves in response to a particular movement or attitude of the pointing device advantageously changes as a function of:
  • the orientation of the portable terminal i.e., horizontal or vertical.
  • adaptable input device 100 is an adaptable pointing device 100 A.
  • Adaptable pointing device 100 A includes pointing device 102 A, processor 104 , and sensor(s) 106 (see, FIG. 1).
  • the term adaptable pointing device (“APD”) 100 A will be used generically to refer to both the pointing device itself (i.e., pointing device 102 A) and the adaptable pointing device (i.e., pointing device 102 A, processor 104 , sensor 106 ) for simplicity.
  • FIG. 8 depicts portable terminal 300 closed and in a vertical orientation.
  • the term “vertical” is used to describe the orientation of the portable terminal 300 that is illustrated in FIG. 8, wherein, from a user's perspective, base 416 extends “below” display 308 .
  • This state of portable terminal 300 is a reference position for mapping the movement of a cursor and/or insertion point in display screen 310 to movement of pointing device 102 A.
  • a user's view or perspective of portable terminal 300 is indicated by the relative direction (i.e., relative to a user's perspective) “UP,” “DOWN,” “RIGHT,” and “LEFT,” as shown in FIG. 8.
  • Reference locations “NORTH,” “SOUTH,” “EAST,” and “WEST” are defined for display screen 310 . These reference locations refer to specific portions of display screen 310 ; that is, they do not change as the orientation of portable terminal 300 changes.
  • the movement of APD 100 A is defined in terms of reference positions “1,” “2,” “3,” and “4,” as shown in FIG. 8. From a user's perspective of closed, vertically-oriented portable terminal 300 , movement of APD 100 A toward position “1” is a movement “UP,” movement toward position “2” is a movement toward the “RIGHT,” movement toward position “3” is a movement “DOWN,” and movement toward position “4” is a movement toward the “LEFT.”
  • the movement of the cursor and/or insertion point in display screen 310 is mapped to movement of APD 100 A in known fashion. It is advantageous for the cursor and/or insertion point to move in the same relative direction as APD 101 A (the APD advantageously moves in the manner of a “joystick”). That is, when APD 100 A is moved in a (relative) direction that is perceived by a user to be “UP,” for example, the cursor and/or insertion point should move in a direction that the user perceives to be “UP.”
  • a reference mapping of cursor/insertion point movement to APD movement is shown below in the illustration and in Table 1.
  • moving APD 100 A toward position “1” causes the cursor and/or insertion point to move toward the portion of display screen 310 that is identified as “NORTH.”
  • NORTH a user viewing display screen 310 perceives movement of APD 100 A toward the position “1” as a movement “UP.”
  • the user also perceives the movement of the cursor and/or insertion point toward the region of display screen 310 that is identified as “NORTH” as movement “UP.” Consequently, the cursor and/or insertion point moves in a relative direction that is consistent with the movement of APD 100 A, as is desired.
  • buttons 726 A, 726 B, 726 C, and 726 D could be used for movement toward reference positions “1,” “2,” “3,” and “4.” (See, e.g., FIG. 7, buttons 726 A, 726 B, 726 C, and 726 D).
  • Table 1 summarizes the relationship between the movement of APD 100 A and the movement of the cursor and/or insertion point in display screen 310 when portable terminal 300 is in the reference state (closed and in a vertical orientation).
  • TABLE 1 Mapping Cursor/IP Movement to APD Movement State of Portable Terminal: “Closed” & “Vertical” Movement of Movement Perceived Cursor/IP in Perceived of APD Movement Display Screen Movement of (Ref. Dir.) of APD (Ref. Dir.) Cursor/IP 1 UP NORTH UP 2 RIGHT EAST RIGHT 3 DOWN SOUTH DOWN 4 LEFT WEST LEFT
  • Table 1 includes an entry for “Movement of APD (Ref. Dir.)” The movement is indicated in terms of the reference positions for APD 100 A, which are “1,” “2,” “3,” or “4.”
  • a second column entitled “Perceived Movement of APD” indicates the relative (i.e., apparent) direction of movement (i.e., “UP,” “RIGHT,” etc.) of APD 100 A from a user's perspective.
  • a third entry entitled “Movement of Cursor/IP in Display Screen (Ref. Dir.)” provides the cursor's and/or insertion point's movement toward a reference location in response to movement of APD 100 A.
  • a fourth entry entitled “Perceived Movement of Cursor/IP” indicates the relative (i.e., apparent) direction of movement (i.e., “UP,” “RIGHT,” etc.) of the cursor and/or insertion point from a user's perspective. As previously indicated, it is desirable for the “Perceived Movement of APD” and the “Perceived Movement of Cursor/IP” to be the same.
  • FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 a user's perspective of portable terminal 300 is the same as shown for FIG. 8 (i.e., portable terminal 300 is in a vertical orientation). Consequently, a user's sense of the relative directions “UP,” “RIGHT,” etc., with respect to display screen 310 , does not change relative to FIG. 8.
  • the position of APD 100 A relative to display screen 310 does change, as is evident from FIG. 9. This change is due to the 180-degree rotation of cover 314 (i.e., to open portable terminal 300 ). Although the position of APD 101 A has changed relative to display screen 310 , the cursor still moves in accordance with the reference mapping. It is notable that after rotation, APD 100 A is accessed from the “back” side of keyboard portion 322 .
  • the illustration that is shown immediately below and left shows the reference locations (bracketed) for display screen 310 and also a user's perspective (i.e., the relative directions “UP,” etc.) of the display screen.
  • the illustration below and right shows the orientation of APD 101 A (relative to display screen 310 ) when the portable terminal is open and in a vertical orientation.
  • the illustration shows that a user perceives movement of APD 100 A toward position “1” to be movement in the relative direction “DOWN.”
  • the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement is direction “1” is to move toward the reference location “NORTH” in accordance with the reference mapping.
  • the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement of APD 100 A must be changed or re-mapped. This is referred to herein as “altering directionality.” Specifically, when portable terminal 300 is open and in a vertical orientation (see, FIG. 9), the cursor and/or insertion point response is changed so that moving APD 100 A to reference position “1” causes the cursor and/or insertion point to move toward the reference location “SOUTH” in screen 310 . The perceived movement of the cursor and/or insertion point, which is now “DOWN,” corresponds to the perceived movement of APD 100 A.
  • the cursor and/or insertion point response is changed so that moving APD 100 A to reference position “3” causes the cursor and/or insertion point to move toward the reference location “NORTH” in display screen 310 .
  • the corrected response (altered directionality) is indicated in the fifth and sixth columns of Table 2.
  • the second column, “Perceived Movement of APD” and the sixth column, “Perceived Cursor/IP Movement” are the same.
  • portable terminal 300 It is atypical for portable terminal 300 to be used in a vertical orientation (FIG. 9) when it's open. In fact, when it is open, portable terminal 300 is more likely to be used in a “horizontal” orientation, such that a user's view of the portable terminal is as depicted in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the open, horizontal state of portable terminal 300 involves two changes from the reference state (i.e., closed and vertical).
  • the portable terminal is (1) opened and (2) it is typically rotated clockwise by ninety degrees.
  • the correction that is to be applied to cursor and/or insertion point movement to improve usability of portable terminal 300 is broken down into two sub-corrections, as follows:
  • the first sub-correction is applied to account for the change in state of portable terminal 300 from “closed” to “open,” as previously described.
  • the second sub-correction is applied to account for the change in state of portable terminal 300 from “vertical” to “horizontal.”
  • the latter correction is required because it is assumed that display 308 , or the image in display screen 310 , is rotated as described above.
  • the same correction is applied for both cases (i.e., physical rotation of display 308 and electronic rotation of the image in display screen 310 ).
  • the two illustrations provided below serve as an aid to understanding the need for re-mapping the response of the cursor and/or insertion point.
  • the illustration that appears immediately below and left shows the reference locations (bracketed) for display screen 310 and also a user's perspective (i.e., relative directions “UP,” etc.) of the display screen when it's in the horizontal (and open) position.
  • the illustration below and right shows the orientation of APD 100 A relative to display screen 310 when the portable terminal is open and in a horizontal orientation.
  • the apparent direction of movement of the cursor and/or insertion point (e.g., “UP,” “DOWN,” etc.) is consistent with the apparent direction of movement of APD 100 A toward any reference position. That is, when APD 100 A is moved toward the reference position “4,” the cursor and/or insertion point moves toward the reference location “WEST” in display screen 310 .
  • Movement toward the reference position “4” and movement toward the reference location “WEST” are advantageously both perceived as movements in the relative direction “UP.” But since display 308 (or image in display screen 310 ) has not yet been rotated as previously described, an image (e.g., text, etc.) appearing in display screen 310 appears to be on its side.
  • the reference positions “NORTH,” etc. change relative to a user's perception of relative directions (i.e., “UP,” etc.).
  • movement of APD 101 A toward the reference position “4” will cause the cursor and/or insertion point to move toward “WEST” in display screen 310 .
  • “WEST” is “UP,” but after rotation, “WEST” is “LEFT.”
  • the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement of APD 100 A will be undesirably shifted counterclockwise by ninety degrees relative to the reference mapping. For example, when a user moves APD 100 A toward position “4,” which the user perceives to be “UP,” the cursor will move toward the reference location “WEST,” which the user perceives to be “LEFT.”
  • the directionality of APD 100 A must be changed (i.e., the response of the cursor and/or insertion point must be re-mapped). Doing so results in a clockwise shift of ninety degrees in the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement of APD 100 A.
  • movement of APD 100 A in the direction “4” results in a movement of the cursor and/or insertion point in the direction “NORTH,” rather than “WEST,” in accordance with the reference.
  • the image appears upright and the perceived movement of APD 100 A and the cursor and/or insertion point are consistent with one another.
  • the change in directionality of APD 100 A can be triggered automatically or manually.
  • keyboard-open sensor 106 which senses when cover 314 is rotated, is used.
  • processor 104 re-maps the response of the cursor and/or insertion point to movement of APD 100 A, as previously described.
  • processor 104 rotates the images in display screen 310 , as appropriate.
  • display-rotation sensor 106 B (FIG. 10) is advantageously used in conjunction with keyboard-open sensor 106 A (FIGS.
  • a user can simply depress a “hot” key or access a menu (neither depicted) that triggers the change in directionality of APD 100 A.
  • portable terminal 300 includes two pointing devices, one disposed on base 416 and the other on cover 314 .
  • second pointing device 1230 that is accessed from the “back” of portable terminal 300 when it is in an open state. This is depicted in FIG. 12, which shows a back view of portable terminal 300 .
  • the second pointing device enables a user to use a finger of the left hand to manipulate pointing device 1030 , as might be desired (e.g., by a left-handed person, etc.).
  • pointing device 1030 is part of a removable battery pack 418 .

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US20040145865A1 (en) * 2003-01-20 2004-07-29 Che-Li Lin Electronic device with display and sensor
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US20090146959A1 (en) 2009-06-11
AU2003217586A1 (en) 2003-09-09
US7492354B2 (en) 2009-02-17
WO2003073258A3 (fr) 2003-11-20
WO2003073258A2 (fr) 2003-09-04
US20030210224A1 (en) 2003-11-13

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