US20030196907A1 - Method of anodizing a part made of aluminum alloy - Google Patents

Method of anodizing a part made of aluminum alloy Download PDF

Info

Publication number: US20030196907A1
Authority: US; United States
Prior art keywords: bath; range; acid; lying; anodizing
Prior art date: 2002-04-22
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Abandoned

Application number

US10/419,152

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Alain Viola

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Safran Landing Systems SAS

Original Assignee

Messier Bugatti SA

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2002-04-22

Filing date

2003-04-21

Publication date

2003-10-23

2003-04-21 Application filed by Messier Bugatti SA filed Critical Messier Bugatti SA

2003-04-21 Assigned to MESSIER-BUGATTI reassignment MESSIER-BUGATTI ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VIOLA, ALAIN

2003-10-23 Publication of US20030196907A1 publication Critical patent/US20030196907A1/en

Status Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical group OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
-1 boric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CCCC1 PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical class [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) acetate Chemical class [Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/10—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing organic acids
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/12—Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths

Definitions

the present invention relates to treating aluminum alloy parts, in particular parts for use in making aviation components, and more specifically the invention relates to a method of anodizing a part made of aluminum alloy.
Such anodization method is relatively effective in applying a coating of aluminum oxide on an aluminum alloy with a solution of sulfuric acid and boric acid.
the resulting anodized coating is at least comparable, and in terms of resistance to corrosion, equivalent to the anodized and sealed coatings made in baths containing an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and chromic acid.
the superiority of the method of document U.S. Pat. No. 4,894,127 over other prior methods of sulfuric-boric anodization lies in the thinness of the coatings obtained, in particular coatings having a thickness of 1 micrometer ( ⁇ m) to 3 ⁇ m, which is particularly advantageous in the field of aviation.
compositions specified for implementing such a method are very broad, and that can lead to characteristics being obtained that present a wide range of variation in the resulting layers. Furthermore, it is difficult to control the thickness of the oxide obtained at the end of treatment. It should be observed that in the context of that known method, a voltage is applied to the part which is dipped in the electrolytic bath, which voltage increases linearly from 5 volts (V) to 20 V, with current density over said part remaining close to 100 amps per square meter (A/m 2 ).
document U.S. Pat. No. 4,554,216 describes an anodizing method using a bath comprising sulfuric acid at a concentration of 166 g/l to 230 g/l.
the aqueous bath is at low temperature (0° C. to 5° C.), and the part dipped in said bath is subjected to high current density (200 A/m 2 to 300 A/m 2 ).
the porosity of the resulting coating layer which is known to depend on the chemical composition of the electrolyte, and in particular on its sulfuric acid concentration, is thus always high, thereby giving an effect that is unfavorable on the whole on the characteristics of the resulting layer.
anodization performed in an acid medium is essentially porous, and that if it is desired to avoid high porosity on treated parts, it is necessary to make use of anodizing techniques in a medium that is more neutral, in order to obtain barrier anodization with a non-porous layer.
An object of the present invention is to propose an anodizing method that provides better performance, that is essentially related to sulfuric anodic oxidation techniques but that allows better monitoring of the thickness or the weight of the coating, while not obtaining high porosity on the treated parts.
an aqueous anodizing bath essentially comprising sulfuric acid at a concentration lying in the range 55 g/l to 85 g/l, and excluding the presence of any phosphoric acid or any boric acid;
aqueous anodizing bath also to contain an acid alcohol having one to three acid functions in order to limit dissolution of the resulting coating layer, for the purpose of having perfectly uniform porosity throughout the thickness of the layer while not losing electrical conductivity in the bath which favors good growth of said layer.
the first step of the anodizing method of the invention consists-in providing an aqueous anodizing bath essentially comprising sulfuric acid at a concentration lying in the range 55 g/l to 85 g/l, and excluding the presence of any phosphoric acid or boric acid.
Certain authors prefer the specified concentrations to be given in weight percentages: specifically, the above-mentioned limits given in g/l correspond to concentration values lying in the range 5.36% to 8.2% by weight.
the sulfuric acid concentration of the bath is preferably lies essentially in the range 57 g/l to 67 g/l, with a highly preferred value being situated in the vicinity of 62 g/l (i.e. slightly more than 6% by weight).
the second preparatory step of the anodizing method of the invention consists in maintaining the above-mentioned aqueous anodizing bath at a constant temperature which lies essentially in the range 15° C. to 27° C.
the bath is preferably maintained at a constant temperature close to 22° C.
the aluminum alloy part for treatment is thus dipped into the aqueous anodizing bath as prepared in this way.
the voltage applied to the part dipped in the bath may be fixed to a constant value throughout the duration of the anodizing treatment, said constant value then lying in the range ⁇ 5 V to 30 V. Under such circumstances, it is advantageous to select a constant value for the voltage lying in the range 7 V to 20 V.
relatively low current density is used on the part which is dipped in the electrolytic bath.
the term “low” means in this case that the current density is substantially less than 100 A/m 2 .
the part for treatment is maintained in the electrolytic bath until the desired thickness of coating has been obtained, which thickness lies substantially in the range 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
the acid alcohol used in the bath is preferably tartaric acid (an acid alcohol having two acid functions, of formula C 4 H 6 O 6 ) or citric acid (an acid alcohol having three acid functions, of formula C 6 H 8 O 7 ).
the concentration of tartaric acid or of citric acid then preferably lies essentially in the range 12 g/l to 17 g/l, with the optimum concentration observed during testing lying in the vicinity of 17 g/l.
Adding tartaric acid or citric acid to the bath in the context of the present invention makes it possible to obtain dissolution of the alumina layer which is less than that obtained with sulfuric acid on its own, and in addition current density in the bath does not drop off as would be the case with other acids, such as boric acid, because of the action of surface tension.
Sealing of the coating must perform two functions, namely promoting both adhesion and resistance to corrosion. Sealing is conventionally performed by soaking in hot water at a temperature of not less than 97° C., or in a dilute solution of potassium bichromate. It is preferable to use a solution of deionized water at a temperature lying in the range 85° C. to 98° C., with soaking being performed for a duration which is a function of the thickness of the coating that has been obtained.
a high performance anodizing method is thus provided which makes it possible simultaneously to monitor the thickness or the weight of the coating and its roughness, and to obtain low porosity at the surface of the treated parts.

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

US10/419,152 2002-04-22 2003-04-21 Method of anodizing a part made of aluminum alloy Abandoned US20030196907A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FR0204984A FR2838754B1 (fr)	2002-04-22	2002-04-22	Procede d'anodisation d'une piece en alliage d'aluminium
FR0204984		2002-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
US20030196907A1 true US20030196907A1 (en)	2003-10-23

Family

ID=28686230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
US10/419,152 Abandoned US20030196907A1 (en)	2002-04-22	2003-04-21	Method of anodizing a part made of aluminum alloy

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
US (1)	US20030196907A1 (fr)
EP (1)	EP1357206A3 (fr)
CA (1)	CA2425296A1 (fr)
FR (1)	FR2838754B1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US20070092739A1 (en) *	2005-10-25	2007-04-26	Steele Leslie S	Treated Aluminum article and method for making same
CN104087997A (zh) *	2014-06-16	2014-10-08	北京工业大学	异酸异压二次氧化制备规则小孔径阳极氧化铝模板的方法
US20160047057A1 (en) *	2012-02-10	2016-02-18	Mecaprotec Industries	Method for anodizing parts made of an aluminum alloy
WO2016164015A1 (fr) *	2015-04-03	2016-10-13	Apple Inc.	Procédé d'atténuation des vitesses de croissance différentielle de texture de grain dans de l'aluminium anodisé à finition en miroir
WO2017183965A1 (fr) *	2016-04-18	2017-10-26	Fokker Aerostructures B.V.	Procédé d'anodisation d'un article en aluminium ou en alliage de celui-ci
US9869030B2 (en)	2014-08-29	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process to mitigate spallation of anodic oxide coatings from high strength substrate alloys
US9869623B2 (en)	2015-04-03	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process for evaluation of delamination-resistance of hard coatings on metal substrates
US9970080B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2018-05-15	Apple Inc.	Micro-alloying to mitigate the slight discoloration resulting from entrained metal in anodized aluminum surface finishes
US10174436B2 (en)	2016-04-06	2019-01-08	Apple Inc.	Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum
US10711363B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2020-07-14	Apple Inc.	Anodic oxide based composite coatings of augmented thermal expansivity to eliminate thermally induced crazing
US10760176B2 (en)	2015-07-09	2020-09-01	Apple Inc.	Process for reducing nickel leach rates for nickel acetate sealed anodic oxide coatings
WO2020215041A1 (fr) *	2019-04-18	2020-10-22	Lopez Steven	Colorant d'anodisation fluorescent et procédés associés
US11111594B2 (en)	2015-01-09	2021-09-07	Apple Inc.	Processes to reduce interfacial enrichment of alloying elements under anodic oxide films and improve anodized appearance of heat treatable alloys
US11242614B2 (en)	2017-02-17	2022-02-08	Apple Inc.	Oxide coatings for providing corrosion resistance on parts with edges and convex features
US11352708B2 (en)	2016-08-10	2022-06-07	Apple Inc.	Colored multilayer oxide coatings
US11549191B2 (en)	2018-09-10	2023-01-10	Apple Inc.	Corrosion resistance for anodized parts having convex surface features

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
CN109183114A (zh) *	2018-09-30	2019-01-11	托伦斯半导体设备启东有限公司	一种硬质阳极氧化工艺

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3563867A (en) *	1965-12-09	1971-02-16	Acorn Anodising Co Ltd	Anodising of aluminium and its alloys
US4420378A (en) *	1980-09-30	1983-12-13	Yoshida Kogyo K. K.	Method for forming decorative colored streak patterns on the surface of an aluminum shaped article
US4554216A (en) *	1982-02-23	1985-11-19	Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft	Process for manufacturing support materials for offset printing plates
US4861440A (en) *	1986-07-24	1989-08-29	Covino Charles P	Electrolytic formation of an aluminum oxide surface
US4894127A (en) *	1989-05-24	1990-01-16	The Boeing Company	Method for anodizing aluminum
US4968389A (en) *	1985-02-06	1990-11-06	Fujitsu Limited	Method of forming a composite film over the surface of aluminum materials
US6149795A (en) *	1998-10-27	2000-11-21	The Boeing Company	Fungus resistant boric acid-sulfuric acid anodizing
US20030057100A1 (en) *	2001-09-27	2003-03-27	Yar-Ming Wang	Method of producing bright anodized finishes for high magnesium, aluminum alloys

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2855350A (en) *	1954-09-20	1958-10-07	Sanford Process Co Inc	Process for electrolytically producing oxide coating on aluminum and aluminum alloys
EP0048909B2 (fr) *	1980-09-26	1988-06-29	Hoechst Celanese Corporation	Procédé pour l'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son utilisation comme support d'une plaque d'impression
JP2000026997A (ja) *	1998-07-13	2000-01-25	Yamaha Motor Co Ltd	アルミニウム合金の陽極酸化方法
ITTO20010149A1 (it) *	2001-02-20	2002-08-20	Finmeccanica S P A Alenia Aero	Procedimento di anodizzazione a basso impatto ecologico di un pezzo di alluminio o leghe di alluminio.

2002
- 2002-04-22 FR FR0204984A patent/FR2838754B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
2003
- 2003-03-27 EP EP03290776A patent/EP1357206A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-17 CA CA002425296A patent/CA2425296A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-21 US US10/419,152 patent/US20030196907A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3563867A (en) *	1965-12-09	1971-02-16	Acorn Anodising Co Ltd	Anodising of aluminium and its alloys
US4420378A (en) *	1980-09-30	1983-12-13	Yoshida Kogyo K. K.	Method for forming decorative colored streak patterns on the surface of an aluminum shaped article
US4554216A (en) *	1982-02-23	1985-11-19	Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft	Process for manufacturing support materials for offset printing plates
US4968389A (en) *	1985-02-06	1990-11-06	Fujitsu Limited	Method of forming a composite film over the surface of aluminum materials
US4861440A (en) *	1986-07-24	1989-08-29	Covino Charles P	Electrolytic formation of an aluminum oxide surface
US4894127A (en) *	1989-05-24	1990-01-16	The Boeing Company	Method for anodizing aluminum
US6149795A (en) *	1998-10-27	2000-11-21	The Boeing Company	Fungus resistant boric acid-sulfuric acid anodizing
US20030057100A1 (en) *	2001-09-27	2003-03-27	Yar-Ming Wang	Method of producing bright anodized finishes for high magnesium, aluminum alloys

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US20070092739A1 (en) *	2005-10-25	2007-04-26	Steele Leslie S	Treated Aluminum article and method for making same
US7527872B2 (en)	2005-10-25	2009-05-05	Goodrich Corporation	Treated aluminum article and method for making same
US20160047057A1 (en) *	2012-02-10	2016-02-18	Mecaprotec Industries	Method for anodizing parts made of an aluminum alloy
US9879355B2 (en) *	2012-02-10	2018-01-30	Mecaprotec Industries	Method for anodizing parts made of an aluminum alloy
CN104087997A (zh) *	2014-06-16	2014-10-08	北京工业大学	异酸异压二次氧化制备规则小孔径阳极氧化铝模板的方法
US9869030B2 (en)	2014-08-29	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process to mitigate spallation of anodic oxide coatings from high strength substrate alloys
US11111594B2 (en)	2015-01-09	2021-09-07	Apple Inc.	Processes to reduce interfacial enrichment of alloying elements under anodic oxide films and improve anodized appearance of heat treatable alloys
WO2016164015A1 (fr) *	2015-04-03	2016-10-13	Apple Inc.	Procédé d'atténuation des vitesses de croissance différentielle de texture de grain dans de l'aluminium anodisé à finition en miroir
CN106048689A (zh) *	2015-04-03	2016-10-26	苹果公司	减轻镜面修饰阳极氧化铝中晶粒纹理差异生长速度的处理
US9869623B2 (en)	2015-04-03	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process for evaluation of delamination-resistance of hard coatings on metal substrates
US10760176B2 (en)	2015-07-09	2020-09-01	Apple Inc.	Process for reducing nickel leach rates for nickel acetate sealed anodic oxide coatings
US10711363B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2020-07-14	Apple Inc.	Anodic oxide based composite coatings of augmented thermal expansivity to eliminate thermally induced crazing
US9970080B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2018-05-15	Apple Inc.	Micro-alloying to mitigate the slight discoloration resulting from entrained metal in anodized aluminum surface finishes
US10174436B2 (en)	2016-04-06	2019-01-08	Apple Inc.	Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum
CN109415836A (zh) *	2016-04-18	2019-03-01	福克航空结构公司	铝或其合金制品的阳极氧化方法
JP2019513906A (ja) *	2016-04-18	2019-05-30	フォッカーエアロストラクチャーズビー．ブイ．	アルミニウムまたはその合金の物品を陽極酸化する方法
WO2017183965A1 (fr) *	2016-04-18	2017-10-26	Fokker Aerostructures B.V.	Procédé d'anodisation d'un article en aluminium ou en alliage de celui-ci
JP7019671B2 (ja)	2016-04-18	2022-02-15	フォッカーエアロストラクチャーズビー．ブイ．	アルミニウムまたはその合金の物品を陽極酸化する方法
US11326269B2 (en)	2016-04-18	2022-05-10	Fokker Aerostructures B.V.	Anodizing an article of aluminum or alloy thereof
US11352708B2 (en)	2016-08-10	2022-06-07	Apple Inc.	Colored multilayer oxide coatings
US11242614B2 (en)	2017-02-17	2022-02-08	Apple Inc.	Oxide coatings for providing corrosion resistance on parts with edges and convex features
US11549191B2 (en)	2018-09-10	2023-01-10	Apple Inc.	Corrosion resistance for anodized parts having convex surface features
WO2020215041A1 (fr) *	2019-04-18	2020-10-22	Lopez Steven	Colorant d'anodisation fluorescent et procédés associés

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP1357206A2 (fr)	2003-10-29
FR2838754B1 (fr)	2005-03-18
FR2838754A1 (fr)	2003-10-24
CA2425296A1 (fr)	2003-10-22
EP1357206A3 (fr)	2004-05-12

Legal Events

Date

Code

Title

Description