US20050150719A1 - Exhaust silencer - Google Patents

Exhaust silencer Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050150719A1
US20050150719A1 US11/034,387 US3438705A US2005150719A1 US 20050150719 A1 US20050150719 A1 US 20050150719A1 US 3438705 A US3438705 A US 3438705A US 2005150719 A1 US2005150719 A1 US 2005150719A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
exhaust muffler
exhaust gas
housing
muffler according
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/034,387
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English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Gorenflo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Makita Engineering Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Dolmar GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dolmar GmbH filed Critical Dolmar GmbH
Assigned to DOLMAR, GMBH reassignment DOLMAR, GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GORENFLO, DR. ERNST
Publication of US20050150719A1 publication Critical patent/US20050150719A1/en
Priority to US12/034,115 priority Critical patent/US7721845B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/002—Apparatus adapted for particular uses, e.g. for portable devices driven by machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/082—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
    • F01N2230/04—Catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/06—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for hand-held tools or portables devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust muffler for an internal combustion engine, especially of a portable implement, comprising a catalyst which is arranged in a housing, which has at least one inlet opening and one outlet opening for an exhaust gas flowing from an internal combustion engine into an environment.
  • the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines generally enter the catalyst at an exhaust gas temperature of about 600° C.
  • a chemical conversion of the exhaust gases takes place inside the catalyst.
  • three processes take place simultaneously adjacent to one another: NOx is reduced to nitrogen, releasing oxygen, CO is oxidised to CO 2 and HC compounds are oxidised to CO 2 and H 2 O, consuming oxygen at the same time.
  • NOx is reduced to nitrogen
  • releasing oxygen CO is oxidised to CO 2
  • HC compounds are oxidised to CO 2 and H 2 O, consuming oxygen at the same time.
  • the temperature of exhaust gas “converted” by the catalyst is increased to about 1000° C. When this heated exhaust gas emerges from the catalyst, there is a risk of afterburning if sufficient HC and O 2 is present and the ignition temperature is exceeded.
  • Described from DE 79 25 614 U1 is an exhaust muffler which has an inlet space and an outlet space from which an exhaust gas is led away. In the area of the outlet a branched partial stream of cooling air is supplied to the exhaust gas stream, which is mixed with the exhaust gas at the outlet and provides for a reduction in temperature. It is disadvantageous however that a sufficient reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gas stream is not achieved in the area of the outlet.
  • the exhaust muffler which is mounted on an internal combustion engine of a hand-held implement.
  • the exhaust muffler has a housing with a catalyst element which is positioned between an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet.
  • a first partial stream of the exhaust gas stream inflowing via the exhaust gas inlet is brought in contact with the catalyst element and a second partial stream flows substantially without contact with the catalyst element to the exhaust gas outlet.
  • the partial streams are brought together and mixed. In this case also no satisfactory reduction in the exhaust gas outlet temperature is achieved, whereby the afore-mentioned hazards could be avoided.
  • DE 38 29 668 C3 proposes an exhaust gas muffler in which a catalyst is arranged with a spacing on all sides [inside] a housing of the exhaust gas muffler, wherein the converted exhaust gas is led out of the catalyst to the outlet through an exhaust gas end pipe, wherein the exhaust gas end pipe lies inside the muffler housing over most of its length with spacing on all sides and is flushed with untreated exhaust gas, and the treated exhaust gas is led away from the muffler housing into the ambient air through a starting section of the exhaust gas end pipe.
  • the outlet opening has at least one means arranged inside and/or outside the housing whereby the flow path of the exhaust gas in the direction of the environment is lengthened.
  • the means through which exhaust gas flows and which comprises an outlet facing the environment can for example, have a wall which is constructed as a labyrinth-shaped channel in which the heated exhaust gas flowing from the catalyst is guided.
  • the flow path of the exhaust gas to the environment is lengthened by the labyrinth-shaped construction of the channel so that any emergence of flames from the exhaust muffler is largely avoided. Whilst the exhaust gas flows through the means, residual hydrocarbons can still be burnt (oxidised) in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas stays along the wall so that no ignition of the exhaust gas occurs in the outlet (opening region) of the exhaust muffler.
  • the lifetime of the exhaust muffler is further increased by the arrangement according to the invention.
  • the arrangement of the means outside the housing has the advantage that the ambient air has a cooling effect on the exhaust gas flowing inside the means. From the aesthetic point of view, an arrangement of the means inside the housing can be preferred.
  • the means can be constructed as a bent pipe.
  • the pipe can, for example, have a spiral-shaped or helical profile, preferably with a plurality of turns or with straight sections approximately at right angles to one another.
  • the pipe can be bent in different directions.
  • the means can have an outlet which has the form of a diffuser.
  • the diffuser arrangement has the advantage that in the area of the outlet, thorough mixing of the cooler ambient air with the warmer exhaust gas flowing through the diffuser is favoured, whereby a reduction in the exhaust gas temperature in the outlet region is achieved.
  • the pipe is constructed with a plurality of openings.
  • the pipe is preferably arranged outside the housing.
  • the hot exhaust gas flows, for example, through the helical pipe, wherein an underpressure is formed from the flow technology point of view on the outside of the pipe in the area of the openings. Consequently, ambient air is sucked into the pipe through the openings so that the hot exhaust gas is mixed with the cooler ambient air inside the pipe and thus the exhaust gas temperature is further reduced in the outlet of the exhaust muffler. Thus, any flames formed in the exhaust gas can be extinguished.
  • the exhaust muffler according to the invention can have at least one bypass pipe which guides at least part of the exhaust gas flowing out of the internal combustion engine past the catalyst into the means. It is advantageous if non-converted “cold” exhaust gas is specifically brought together with the hot exhaust gas flowing out of the catalyst, which results in an appreciable reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gas in the opening area.
  • the bypass pipe can for example be constructed as a pipe which has an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet wherein the exhaust gas inlet is preferably facing the inlet opening of the housing. The exhaust gas outlet is positioned behind the catalyst.
  • the exhaust muffler has a protective element extending above the pipe.
  • This protective element serves as a type of contact protection and cooling air baffle plate which protects the user from the high temperatures of the pipe.
  • the protective element can be constructed as a perforated sheet.
  • the protective element can be attached subsequently to the housing, for example, by means of a screw connection.
  • the protective element is preferably only affixed at a few points on the housing.
  • the fixing points can have insulating elements which largely inhibit passage of heat.
  • the insulating elements can, for example, be insulating spacers.
  • the switching element can also be formed by the equipment cover/cover hood/air guiding hood or it can be affixed thereto.
  • a dividing wall can be provided in the housing so that a first and a second space is formed inside the housing.
  • the catalyst is arranged on the dividing wall and represents the connection between the first and the second space.
  • the dividing wall preferably has at least one bypass opening.
  • the exhaust gas on the one hand flows through the bypass opening from the first into the second space.
  • a partial stream of the exhaust gas is guided through the catalyst in which the harmful components of the exhaust gas are converted.
  • the hot exhaust gas emerging from the catalyst enters into the second space and mixes with the colder exhaust gas flowing into the second space through the bypass opening.
  • the bypass opening further eliminates any throttle effect of the catalyst and any reduction in performance resulting therefrom.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an exhaust muffler with an internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exhaust muffler
  • FIG. 3 is an exhaust muffler in an alternative embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler
  • FIG. 6 is a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler
  • FIG. 7 is a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler
  • FIG. 8 is a perpendicular sectional view of the exhaust muffler from FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler
  • FIG. 10 is a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler, a perpendicular sectional view of the exhaust muffler from FIG. 9 ,
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler with a bypass pipe and
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of an exhaust muffler.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exhaust muffler 100 with an internal combustion engine 11 , which is a component of a hand-held tool which however is not shown, as an example.
  • the tool can for example be a motor-driven chain saw, a disk grinder or the like.
  • the exhaust muffler 100 has a housing 12 in which a catalyst 10 is arranged. Furthermore, the housing 12 is constructed with a plurality of inlet openings 13 through which exhaust gas is passed from the motor 11 into the exhaust muffler 100 .
  • the exhaust gas enters the housing 12 at a temperature of around 600° C. Inside the housing 12 the catalyst 10 converts the hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas large into carbon dioxide and water.
  • the chemical conversion process involves an exothermic reaction process wherein the around 600° C. hot exhaust gas from the motor 11 can be further heated to temperatures above 1000° C. in the housing 12 .
  • the housing 12 is further constructed with an outlet opening 14 through which the exhaust gas is guided from the housing 12 .
  • the catalyst 10 is arranged on an area of a housing wall which is constructed with the outlet opening 14 .
  • a means 16 in the form of a helical bent pipe 17 is arranged outside the housing 12 in the area of the outlet opening 14 whereby the flow path of the exhaust gas in the direction of the environment 15 is lengthened (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the pipe 17 has two ends, the first end facing the outlet opening 14 .
  • the second end is a free end through which the exhaust gas flows into the environment 15 .
  • the converted exhaust gas emerging from the catalyst 10 flows through the outlet opening 14 and enters into the bent pipe 17 .
  • the pipe 17 is bent at the first end in the direction of the housing wall.
  • the pipe 17 has a spiral profile and is constructed with an outlet opening 18 at the free end through which the exhaust gas enters the environment 15 .
  • the hot exhaust gas is cooled along the pipe wall 17 so that any flame effect formed inside the pipe 17 is counteracted.
  • a spark arrester screen (not shown) in the area of the outlet opening 18 .
  • a protective element 22 ( FIG. 1 ) which prevents the user from contacting the hot pipe 17 and the housing wall 12 .
  • the protective element 22 is bent in a hood shape or U-shape and is affixed, for example, by means of a screw connection on the housing 12 which is not shown in the figures.
  • the construction of the protective element not shown in FIG. 2 is such that incoming cooling air K is guided over the pipe wall 17 in order to additionally cool the pipe wall 17 .
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show further alternative embodiments of the exhaust muffler 100 .
  • the outlet 18 has the form of a diffuser 18 a.
  • FIG. 4 shows a bent pipe 17 which has a plurality of openings 19 in the area of the free end.
  • a labyrinth-shaped channel 29 preferably constructed of longitudinal sections 29 a - 29 f parallel to the side edges, is arranged at the outlet opening 14 in order to maximally lengthen the flow path of the exhaust gas in the direction of the environment within the space available.
  • the channel is closed with a cover not shown in FIG. 5 in order to avoid short-circuiting flow into the environment.
  • This embodiment is shown in FIG. 6 . It must then be provided that in the area of the channel end 130 a corresponding outlet opening is provided for the cooling air K in the cover not shown.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a further embodiment of the exhaust muffler 100 whose fundamental construction corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 wherein the bent pipe 17 is constructed by constructing the housing 12 a in the area of the outlet opening 14 as a half-shell in which a channel with a hemispherical cross-section 17 a is stamped to form the pipe 17 .
  • a cover sheet 30 placed hereon is a cover sheet 30 in which a corresponding channel 17 b having a likewise hemispherical cross-section is stamped so that overall the pipe 17 is formed which also has two ends, the first end overlapping into the outlet opening 14 not shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the other end being a free end through which the exhaust gas 15 flows into the environment.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the construction of the pipe 17 is relatively simple from the production technology point of view in that the desired shape of the pipe 17 is simply stamped into the top 12 a as a channel 17 a having a hemispherical or another desired cross section and especially the easily shaped arbitrary profile and the cover sheet 30 is placed thereon as a half-shell having a corresponding profile of the channel 17 b to form the pipe 17 .
  • a protective element not shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 to avoid direct contact of the pipe 17 or the cover sheet 30 wherein it is advantageously also possible here to use this an air baffle plate for the guidance of cooling so that even more effective cooling of the exhaust gas is possible between the outlet opening 14 and the outlet 18 into the environment 15 .
  • the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is shaped such that the muffler outer shell 21 is stamped outwards and the counterpiece 23 which then forms the channel together with the first stamping is incorporated in the muffler.
  • the advantage is that gas leaks at the joints remain in the muffler.
  • the counterpiece 23 can be welded in, clamped in or affixed in another suitable fashion.
  • the stamping of the housing wall and pipe shape is as in FIG. 1 .
  • An advantage is that complete flow of cooling air around the pipe and a small overall height of the total muffler is achieved if the pipe is attached at sufficient distance from the stamping of the housing wall.
  • FIG. 9 shows the exhaust muffler 100 from FIG. 1 wherein a bypass pipe 20 is additionally arranged inside the housing 12 .
  • the bypass pipe 20 extends from the inlet opening 13 to the outlet opening 14 of the housing 12 .
  • some of the non-converted exhaust gas flowing from the motor 11 is specifically guided past the catalyst 10 and mixed with the exhaust gas emerging from the catalyst 10 in the area of the outlet opening 14 of the housing 12 .
  • the non-converted cool exhaust gas reduces the temperature of the treated exhaust gas flowing out of the catalyst 10 so that any flames formed can be extinguished by the cold exhaust gas.
  • a dividing wall 24 is arranged inside the housing 12 so that a first and a second space 26 , 27 are formed in the housing 12 .
  • the catalyst 10 is affixed to the dividing wall 24 which forms a connection between the first and the second space 26 , 27 .
  • the catalyst 10 is arranged in an opening of the dividing wall 24 and is externally connected all the way round to the dividing wall 24 by means of a welded seam so that a gas-tight closure is provided.
  • the catalyst 10 can be fixed to the dividing wall 24 by other known fixing alternatives.
  • the dividing wall 24 that the hot exhaust gas emerging from the catalyst 10 can no longer enter into the area of the inlet opening 13 of the housing 12 so that ignition of the overheated exhaust gas from the catalyst 10 which still has energy-rich constituents as a result of incomplete conversion, is prevented at the inlet opening 13 .
  • bypass holes 25 Arranged laterally at a distance from the catalyst 10 are bypass holes 25 in the dividing wall 24 through which the exhaust gas can flow from the first space 26 into the second space 27 .
  • the partial streams which flow through the bypass holes 25 are not converted by the catalyst 10 .
  • the exhaust gases which flow from the catalyst 10 and from the bypass holes 25 are thoroughly mixed.
  • the exhaust gas located behind the catalyst 10 is cooled by the cold untreated exhaust gas which enters into the second space 27 through the bypass holes 25 .
  • the exhaust muffler 100 can have an insulating layer not shown which is preferably arranged on the housing wall 12 .
  • the temperature of the housing 12 is kept as low as possible.
  • Aluminium silicate which is a poor heat conductor, can be used as insulating material for example. However, other materials with similar insulating properties can also be used. A double-walled design is also possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
US11/034,387 2004-01-12 2005-01-11 Exhaust silencer Abandoned US20050150719A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/034,115 US7721845B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2008-02-20 Exhaust muffler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004000375U DE202004000375U1 (de) 2004-01-12 2004-01-12 Abgasschalldämpfer
DE202004000375.9 2004-01-12

Related Child Applications (1)

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US12/034,115 Continuation-In-Part US7721845B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2008-02-20 Exhaust muffler

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US12/034,115 Expired - Lifetime US7721845B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2008-02-20 Exhaust muffler

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040040783A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-04 Florian Hoche Exhaust-gas muffler
US20070240934A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Van De Flier Peter Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system
US20070240932A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Van De Flier Peter B Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated reflective chamber
US20080060869A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Takahashi Murase Exhaust structure of industrial vehicle
US20090014236A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2009-01-15 Van De Flier Peter B Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated crash management
US20150267580A1 (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Engine equipped with secondary air supply device
US10001048B2 (en) * 2016-03-21 2018-06-19 Paccar Inc Cyclonic thermal diffuser and method

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JP2007185894A (ja) * 2006-01-13 2007-07-26 Komatsu Zenoah Co チェーンソー
US8602159B2 (en) * 2011-08-04 2013-12-10 Chris B. Harris Compact muffler for small two-stroke internal combustion engines
EP2671630B1 (en) 2012-06-07 2016-08-10 General Electric Company Mixing device having a plurality of mixing channels and use thereof
US9255502B1 (en) 2013-08-15 2016-02-09 Northwest Uld, Inc. Engine with exhaust system and external acoustic emissions valve
US10344660B1 (en) 2016-05-02 2019-07-09 Northwest Uld, Inc. Aerodynamically conformal muffler
DE102023207269A1 (de) * 2023-07-28 2025-01-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Resonanzschalldämpfer und damit ausgestatteter Lüftungskanal

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US3198284A (en) * 1961-09-06 1965-08-03 Walker Mfg Co Muffler
US4008570A (en) * 1973-06-11 1977-02-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases
US3993160A (en) * 1974-11-12 1976-11-23 Automobiles Peugeot Silencer for a heat engine
US4846301A (en) * 1987-04-14 1989-07-11 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Silencer
US4890690A (en) * 1987-09-03 1990-01-02 Andreas Stihl Exhaust gas muffler for a two-stroke engine
US5338903A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-08-16 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Combination muffler and catalytic converter
US5440083A (en) * 1992-02-10 1995-08-08 Kioritz Corporation Exhaust muffler for internal combustion engine
US5866859A (en) * 1995-02-14 1999-02-02 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Spark arresting structure for a muffler having a catalytic converter
US5722237A (en) * 1995-10-20 1998-03-03 Kioritz Corporation Muffler structure for internal combustion engine
US6164066A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-12-26 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for internal combustion engine
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US20020023799A1 (en) * 2000-08-26 2002-02-28 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co., Badstr. Exhaust gas muffler for an internal combustion engine
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US20040040783A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-04 Florian Hoche Exhaust-gas muffler
US7032709B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2006-04-25 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg Exhaust-gas muffler
US7730996B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2010-06-08 Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated crash management
US20070240932A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Van De Flier Peter B Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated reflective chamber
US20090014236A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2009-01-15 Van De Flier Peter B Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated crash management
US20070240934A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Van De Flier Peter Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system
US7934580B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2011-05-03 Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system
US7942237B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2011-05-17 Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc Long fiber thermoplastic composite muffler system with integrated reflective chamber
US20080060869A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Takahashi Murase Exhaust structure of industrial vehicle
US20150267580A1 (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Engine equipped with secondary air supply device
JP2015178797A (ja) * 2014-03-19 2015-10-08 本田技研工業株式会社 ２次空気供給装置付きエンジン
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DE202004000375U1 (de) 2005-06-02
US20080135331A1 (en) 2008-06-12
US7721845B2 (en) 2010-05-25
ITTO20050011A1 (it) 2005-07-13

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