Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
  • D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads

Definitions

• the invention concerns a fire resisting composite yarn and a textile comprising at least one woven or knitted textile layer formed with such a yarn.
• the textile is typically intended for producing protective clothing, in particular clothing for the military or fire fighters or used in industry.
• the use of the textile is suited when the garment must confer a certain degree of thermal protection for a user.
• the yarn used must, when it is subjected to a flame or heat, have the following characteristics:
• the fabric it is often desirable for the fabric to be able to be printed or coloured with a minimum degree of dichroism, in particular in a single phase, that is to say using a single printing or dying process.
• this characteristic is particularly important because the quality of the colours printed or dyed has a direct influence on the quality of the camouflage conferred by the garment.
• the yarn must have sufficient mechanical properties in terms of resistance to abrasion, toughness and stability, including colouring, during use or the various washings that the garment will have to undergo.
• the invention therefore aims to remedy this drawback for proposing in particular a yarn composed of three types of fiber each having different properties and which, within a particular range of combinations, make it possible to obtain very satisfactory results over all the constraints mentioned above.
• the invention proposes a fire resistant composite yarn comprising:
• flame-retarded fibers in a quantity greater than 40% with respect to the total weight of the yarn, the said fibers being formed on the basis of a crystalline or semi-crystalline polymeric materials;
• hydrophilic fibers in a quantity of between 10% and 45% with respect to the weight of flame-retarded fibers, the said hyrdophilic fibers being formed by a non-fusible material;
• thermostable fibers in a quantity of between 4% and 50% with respect to the total weight of the yarn, the said thermostable fibers being formed by a non flammable material.
• the invention proposes a textile intended for producing protective clothing, the said textile comprising at least one woven or knitted textile layer formed with such yarns.
• the invention concerns a fire resistant composite yarn composed of three types of specific fiber, the said yarn being in particular able to be used for producing a textile for protective clothing, for example for the military, or for fire fighters or used in industry. This is because, in such applications, the constraints, in particular in terms of fire resistant and mechanical strength properties, are more and more severe so that there exists a significant demand for improving the known yarns, and this within a controlled cost.
• the fibers are formed on the basis of a crystalline or semi-crystalline polymer material, that is to say typically having a degree of crystallinity greater than 25%.
• the polymeric material is chosen from the group compring polyesters, polypropylenes and polyvinyl alcohols.
• the flame-retarded fibers comprise a flame-retarding polymeric material.
• the flame-retarding material may be a polyvinyl chloride which, during its combustion, releases a sufficient quantity of the chlorine to make the fiber non-flammable.
• the fibers can, subsequently to their manufacture, be surface treated with a known flame-retardant agent.
• the flame-retarded fibers thus obtained therefore have, when they are subjected to a flame or significant source of heat, the dual property of not propagating flame and retarding the temperature rise in the yarn. This is because, because of their crystalline character, they have a fusion peak which makes it possible to absorb part of the thermal energy during their fusion.
• the quantity of flame-retarded fibers used is greater than 40% with respect to the total weight of the yarn.
• the flame-retarded fibers are associated with a second type of fiber which is hydrophilic and formed by a non-fusible material.
• the second type of fiber makes it possible first of all to absorb part of the fusion energy of the flame-retarded fibers. This is because, because of their hydrophilic character, the fibers of the second type are able to absorb energy by vaporisation of the stored water.
• thermo stability of the combination of the first two types of fiber is obtained by virtue of the non-fusible character of the hydrophilic fibers.
• thermal shrinkage of the yarn is reduced so that the garment has a greater ability to preserve its three dimensional structure when it is exposed to a flame.
• hydrophilic fibers make it possible to obtain comfort in use, in particular with regard to the feel and the absorption of perspiration, which is advantageous.
• the hydrophilic fibers can be produced on the basis of a natural or artificial cellulosic material such as cotton, viscose or rayon or based on wool.
• the hydrophilic fibers can be treated so as to be at least partially flame retarded.
• the yarn also comprises a third type of fiber which is thermostable and produced from a non-flammable material.
• Thermostable means fibers which preserve their physical properties at temperatures where the other fibers have lost them.
• the function of the third type of fiber is in particular to reinforce, apart from the thermal properties, the mechanical properties of the yarn.
• the use of these fibers makes it possible to obtain resistance to abrasion, toughness and stability, in particular during use or various washings, which is compatible with the production of protective clothing.
• the thermostable fibers make it possible to limit the formation of holes in the fabric when the latter is subjected to a flame, and therefore to improve the fire-resistant protection conferred by the garment.
• the thermostable fibers also have an advantageous effect on the limitation of the thermal shrinkage of yarn.
• thermostable fibers were advantageous as soon as they were present in a quantity equal to 4% with respect to the total weight of the yarn.
• This low percentage is particularly advantageous because first of all of the high cost of the thermostable fibers and secondly the possibility of printing them or dying them with simple techniques, in particular with the techniques conventionally used for the first two types of fiber.
• This constraint is particularly important in the military field because the quality of the colours printed or dyed has a direct influence on the quality of the camouflage conferred by the garment.
• thermostable fibers necessary in the yarn according to the invention also makes it possible to use thermostable fibers in which a specific colour is integrated which is arranged so as to merge in the colours applied subsequently to the fabric, without appreciably comparing the quality of the camouflage obtained.
• thermostable fibers In the case where a composite fiber with high mechanical strength is required, it is also possible to integrate up to 50% of thermostable fibers with respect to the total weight of the yarn.
• thermostable fibers can be produced on the basis of a polymeric material chosen from the group comprising para-aramids, meta-aramids, polybenzimidazole-imides, polybenzooxazoles, polyacrylates, polyphenols, polyamide-imides, poly-p-phenylenediamine-terephthalamides (PPTA or M5).
• a polymeric material chosen from the group comprising para-aramids, meta-aramids, polybenzimidazole-imides, polybenzooxazoles, polyacrylates, polyphenols, polyamide-imides, poly-p-phenylenediamine-terephthalamides (PPTA or M5).
• the fibers forming the yarn are mixed intimately by a conventional spinning technique.
• the yarn can comprise between 4% and 20% thermostable fibers in order to optimise the ratio between the technical advantages conferred by these fibers compared with their cost and their colouring constraint.
• a yarn according to this first embodiment of the invention it is possible to cite a yarn formed from 72% by weight commercial PVA FR fibers (that is to say fibers formed on the base of polyvinyl alcohol and an inclusion of polyvinyl chloride), 23% by weight cotton and 5% by weight para-aramid fibers, which have fire-resistant characteristics (in terms of LOI (Limit Oxygen Index) that is to say in terms of a minimum concentration of oxygen necessary for causing ignition of the yarn in contact with a flame), mechanical strength and colouring capacity, which are particularly advantageous in the context of the applications in question.
• the yarn has an LOI defined according to ISO 4589-2 which is greater than 25%.
• the composite yarn comprises a core yarn formed with thermostable fibers and, associated around the said core yarn, a cladding formed from an intimate mixture of the flame-retarded fibers and hydrophilic fibers.
• This type of yarn is conventionally produced by a technique of the core-spun type.
• thermostable fibers corresponds conventionally to the case where a yarn with high tenacity is required so that the quantity of thermostable fibers can be fixed between 20% and 50% by weight of the yarn.
• colouring constraints of the thermostable fibers are not posed because of the fact they are disposed in the core yarn.
• the invention therefore proposes a particular combination of fibers which makes it possible to optimally fulfil in particular both the fire-resistant and mechanical constraints, and this within a cost compatible with industrial production.
• the yarn according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a textile with sufficient flexibility to obtain an advantageous feel.
• the yarns according to the invention are in particular intended for producing a woven or knitted textile layer which is used in a textile for protective clothing.
• the textile layer can advantageously be dyed or printed with a minimum degree of dichroism, in particular in a single phase, that is to say using a single colouring process, for example of the fixed washed type.
• the textile can comprise, associated on the textile layer, an impermeable/breathable layer—that is to say impermeable to liquid water and to wind but permeable to water vapour—and non-flammable so as to confer this property on the protective garment made.
• an impermeable/breathable layer that is to say impermeable to liquid water and to wind but permeable to water vapour—and non-flammable so as to confer this property on the protective garment made.
• the impermeable/breathable layer can be produced in the form of a microporous and/or hydrophilic membrane or coating, for example made from polyurethane or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and be associated with the textile layer by screen-printing coating of a network of adhesive dots.
• a microporous and/or hydrophilic membrane or coating for example made from polyurethane or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=30011611

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-31 FR FR0209772A patent/FR2843133B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-07-30 CA CA002493948A patent/CA2493948A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-30 EP EP03291897A patent/EP1386988B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-30 DE DE60301599T patent/DE60301599T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-30 AT AT03291897T patent/ATE304621T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-07-30 WO PCT/FR2003/002423 patent/WO2004013391A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-07-30 CN CN03818164.9A patent/CN1671900A/zh active Pending
  • 2003-07-30 AU AU2003281860A patent/AU2003281860A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-30 US US10/522,804 patent/US20060201128A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events