US20070026249A1 - Veneerable silver alloy for producing ceramic-veneered dental restorations - Google Patents

Veneerable silver alloy for producing ceramic-veneered dental restorations Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070026249A1
US20070026249A1 US11/495,992 US49599206A US2007026249A1 US 20070026249 A1 US20070026249 A1 US 20070026249A1 US 49599206 A US49599206 A US 49599206A US 2007026249 A1 US2007026249 A1 US 2007026249A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
alloy according
silver
total
indium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/495,992
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English (en)
Inventor
Roland Strietzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bego Bremer Goldschlaegerei Wilh Herbst & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Bego Bremer Goldschlaegerei Wilh Herbst & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Bego Bremer Goldschlaegerei Wilh Herbst & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Bego Bremer Goldschlaegerei Wilh Herbst & Co KG GmbH
Assigned to BEGO BREMER GOLDSCHLAEGEREI WILH. HERBST GMBH & CO. KG reassignment BEGO BREMER GOLDSCHLAEGEREI WILH. HERBST GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STRIETZEL, ROLAND
Publication of US20070026249A1 publication Critical patent/US20070026249A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/802—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising ceramics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/84—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising metals or alloys
    • A61K6/842—Rare earth metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/84—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising metals or alloys
    • A61K6/844—Noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention provides an alloy that can be fired onto, for producing dental restorations that can be veneered with ceramic, for example for producing crowns, bridges, superstructures and other tooth prostheses that are intended to be provided with a ceramic surface but also for non-faced restorations such as inlays, onlays, auxiliary parts, etc.
  • NM alloys are used as well as noble metal-free alloys. They are used in particular for inlays and onlays as well as crown and bridge frameworks. The latter structures may be faced entirely or partly with ceramic or a plastic material. Due to the high cost of the raw material for NM alloys (e.g. gold, platinum), this group of alloys is unacceptably expensive for a large section of the population. Thus there is a constant search for cost-effective NM alloys. In this connection, the use of silver alloys is frequently a suitable alternative.
  • a number of alloys based on silver, which can be fired onto are also commercially available. In most cases these are silver-palladium alloys, i.e. the second most abundant constituent in the alloy is generally palladium. In many cases gold is the second most abundant constituent in the alloy.
  • silver alloys that can be fired onto are frequently veneered with ceramics, the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of which is in the range of about 15-18 [10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ] over the range 25 to 500° C.
  • CTE linear coefficient of thermal expansion
  • the alloy that can be fired onto, according to the invention is also intended to be faced (veneered) with this kind of veneering ceramic.
  • corrosion and discoloration are included among the chemical properties to be considered.
  • the latter in particular can cause problems.
  • Silver tends to react e.g. with sulfides and other sulfur-containing groups.
  • the reaction product, silver sulfide is black and has a permanent and deleterious effect on the aesthetic appearance.
  • the biological properties depend mainly on the corrosion characteristics. Therefore the release of ions must be kept as low as possible. But the type of ions released also has to be considered. Thus, copper and silver ions act as bactericides, and this is evaluated as basically positive. However, in increasing concentration, these elements are cytotoxic and that can cause localised toxic reactions.
  • the object underlying the present invention was to provide a silver alloy (i) the casting point of which is clearly recognisable, (ii) that has a particularly good fit after casting (high fitting accuracy of the frameworks cast from the alloy) (dental restorations), in particular in the case of large spans), (iii) that can be veneered with conventional veneering ceramics with a CTE in the range 15-17 [10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ], (iv) have a high resistance to corrosion and (v) are biocompatible. Further objects underlying the present invention can be obtained from the description that follows and the accompanying claims.
  • the other alloy features and alloy properties that are important for a dental alloy that can be fired onto should lie within the ranges preferred by a person skilled in the art.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved by an alloy that can be fired onto, for producing ceramic-faced dental restorations, comprising or consisting of: Silver 40-45 wt. %, Gold 37.5-45 wt. %, Palladium 0-14.5 wt. %, Indium, zinc, tin, copper, in total 5.5-15 wt. %, lanthanides, scandium, lanthanum Manganese 0.1-5 wt. %, Tantalum, platinum, iridium, osmium, in total 0.05-5 wt.
  • the alloy that can be fired onto according to the invention contains a proportion of 40-45 wt. % of silver.
  • a more favourable price for the material can be achieved than for a NM alloy.
  • Silver as the main constituent of the alloy according to the invention, fixes the basic mechanical and chemical properties. Due to the high silver content, the CTE of the alloy that can be fired onto, according to the invention can be matched to the CTE of highly expanded ceramics, so-called LFC (low fusing ceramic) materials.
  • the proportion of silver in an alloy according to the invention is advantageously 40-44 wt. %, preferably 40.3-43.0 wt. %.
  • the proportion of gold is 38-42 wt. %, but preferably 38-40 wt. %. Due to the high miscibility of gold and silver, a homogeneous crystal structure and the solidification of mixed crystals occur in an alloy according to the invention. Due to the more noble character of gold, as compared with silver, the corrosion resistance of an alloy according to the invention is especially high. In addition, the proportion of gold leads to an optimised colour effect; a polished surface of an alloy according to the invention exhibits a pleasant warm tone.
  • the proportion of palladium in an alloy that can be fired onto, according to the invention is in the range 0-14.5 wt. %.
  • the proportion of palladium in an alloy according to the invention is preferably in the range 12.5-14.5 wt. %.
  • the addition of palladium increases (i) the mechanical strength of the alloy and (ii) the position of the melting interval.
  • alloys according to the invention in which each of the elements silver, gold and palladium has a concentration in the ranges previously cited as preferred, are particularly preferred.
  • the total proportion of indium, zinc, tin, copper, lanthanides, scandium and lanthanum in an alloy according to the invention is in the range 5.5-15 wt. %. Within this range, these elements contribute to increasing the mechanical strength of the silver-gold-palladium base of an alloy according to the invention to the required value. Moreover, a more favourable adhesive bond to conventional facing ceramics can be produced with an alloy according to the invention due to the proportion of elements mentioned as present in the alloy according to the invention. Furthermore, the elements mentioned increase the hardness of the alloy in a desired manner.
  • a proportion of more than 15 wt. % of the elements mentioned would lead to unacceptably high brittleness of the final product (cast item) and, in the case of a dental framework, to the formation of oxide layers on the melt that would hamper determination of the casting point.
  • the proportions of the elements mentioned were much higher than those present according to the invention, multi-phase structures would be formed, in particular palladium-containing phases. Such phases tend to form dark discolorations over time in the oral cavity; therefore the formation of these has to be suppressed.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of a corresponding alloy would, in many cases, be affected in an unfavourable manner, which would lead to incompatibility with conventional dental ceramics.
  • the proportion of the elements mentioned in an alloy according to the invention is preferably in the range 5.5-10 wt. %.
  • the negative effects of high concentrations of these elements start to become evident at proportions above 10 wt. %.
  • an alloy according to the invention therefore contains 5.5-15 wt. %, preferably 5.5-10 wt. % of indium.
  • An alloy according to the invention then preferably contains no zinc, tin, copper, lanthanides, scandium or lanthanum.
  • An alloy that can be fired onto according to the invention contains a proportion of manganese in the range 0.1-5 wt. %.
  • Manganese functions as an oxygen trap, an adhesive oxide producer and a desulfurising agent. It also provides a beneficial oxide colour.
  • manganese contributes to ensuring that the viscosity of a melt of an alloy according to the invention is low enough.
  • high strength and good polishability of the alloy is achieved by the presence of manganese. Smearing of an alloy according to the invention during the polishing process, as is observed in the case of some alloys with a high gold content, does not occur, due to the presence of manganese.
  • a proportion of manganese of more than 5 wt. % would lead to an undesirable increase in the CTE of a corresponding alloy (one not according to the invention) and to less beneficial casting characteristics.
  • a proportion of manganese of less than 0.1 wt. % would lead to the previously mentioned functions of manganese in an alloy according to the invention no longer being fully achieved in individual cases.
  • the proportion of manganese in an alloy according to the invention is preferably 0.1-1 wt. %.
  • An alloy according to the invention contains a total proportion of tantalum, platinum, iridium, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, rhenium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, tungsten and vanadium within the range 0.05-5 wt. %.
  • the elements mentioned act as grain refiners and contribute to the high mechanical strength of the alloy according to the invention. However, in concentrations of more than 5 wt. % they would increase the brittleness of a corresponding alloy (one not according to the invention) in an unacceptable manner.
  • the proportion of the metals mentioned in an alloy according to the invention should preferably be not more than 0.2 wt. %; the desired effects occur even at this type of low concentration.
  • an alloy according to the invention preferably contains 0.05-5 wt. % of tantalum. in fact advantageously only 0.05-0.2 wt. %.
  • An alloy according to the invention preferably contains a total of not more than 1 wt. % of zinc, tin, copper, lanthanides, scandium, lanthanum, platinum, iridium, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, rhenium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, tungsten and vanadium.
  • a particularly preferred alloy according to the invention consists of: Silver 40.5 ⁇ 2 wt. %, Gold 38.1 ⁇ 1.5 wt. %, Palladium 13.0 ⁇ 1 wt. %, Indium 8.0 ⁇ 1 wt. %, Manganese 0.3 ⁇ 0.2 wt. %, Tantalum 0.1 ⁇ 0.03 wt. % and other constituents 0-1 wt. %.
  • composition produces a very particularly preferred embodiment of an alloy according to the invention: Silver 40.5 wt. % Gold 38.1 wt. % Palladium 13.0 wt. % Indium 8.0 wt. % Manganese 0.3 wt. % Tantalum 0.1 wt. %
  • alloys according to the invention regularly satisfy the requirements in DIN EN ISO 9693:2000, this relating to the production of ceramic dental restorations that can be fired onto, (see also the example given below).
  • the alloy according to the invention in particular in a preferred development, is characterised especially positively by the following properties
  • melts of the alloy according to the invention have beneficial flow properties (this results in the melt having a high capacity to fill a mould);
  • the alloy can be faced with all currently used facing plastics
  • the alloy can be faced with facing ceramics that have a CTE in the range 15-17 [10 ⁇ 6 K- ⁇ 1].
  • the alloy according to the invention has the following advantages:
  • any normal commercially available ceramic with a CTE in the range 15-17 [10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ] can be used;
  • the invention also provides ceramic-faced dental restorations, containing:
  • a dental structure made from an alloy according to the invention as well as a dental ceramic with a CTE in the range 15-17 [10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ] fired onto the dental structure.
  • the invention also provides use of an alloy according to the invention for producing a ceramic-faced dental restoration.
  • An 8-unit upper jaw bridge was modelled out of wax; an actual patient situation was used as the model.
  • the minimum wall thickness was 0.4 mm in each case.
  • the anatomical moulds took into account the fact that the major part of the restoration would later, after casting, consist of metal.
  • the wax model was invested (encapsulated) in a phosphate-bonded investment material.
  • the resulting muffle was then heated to a temperature of 900° C. (preheating temperature) and held there for 60 min.
  • Casting was performed in an induction-heated vacuum-compression casting machine (Nautilus® MC+/Fa. BEGO, Program 290) using ingots of an alloy according to the invention with the following composition: Silver Ag 40.5 wt. %, Gold Au 38.1 wt. %, Palladium Pd 13.0 wt. %, Indium In 8.0 wt. %, Manganese Mn 0.3 wt. %, Tantalum Ta 0.1 wt. %.
  • the ingots were heated in a conventional manner. Casting was started manually about 10 s after immersion of the last solid constituents of the ingots in the melt. The casting point was recognised very easily by using melt powder, because a temporarily present oxide skin obviously broke apart.
  • the investment material was removed by coarse mechanical means.
  • the bridge framework obtained was then blasted at 2 bar with corundum with a grain size of 110 ⁇ m (Korox® 110/Fa. BEGO). Then the surface of the bridge framework was processed with a fine-toothed carbide milling cutter. Due to the low hardness and the good machinability (workability) of the alloy used, this process proved very convenient for the dental engineer.
  • the fit of the structure was equal to that of alloys with a high gold content. Joining (soldering or laser-welding) is possible.
  • Oxide firing was performed (10 min at 780° C.) in order to produce a homogeneous surface enriched with indium and manganese as adhesive oxides.
  • Wash firing was performed after the application of a thin suspension of a veneering ceramic of the Response type (Vita company). The suspension did not cover the surface completely.
  • Opaque (matrix) firing was then performed, after the application of a covering layer of powder-opaquer of the Response type (Vita company).
  • Firings of the type “shoulder matrix firing with margin” and “glaze firing with accentuating fluid” (after opaque firing) were not used in the context of the working example. However these types of firing may be used to complete the process.
  • oxide firing In accordance with the table given below, the following supplementary firings were performed: oxide firing, wash firing (1st opaque firing), opaque firing (2nd opaque firing), 1st dentine firing, 2nd dentine firing, corrective firing and glaze firing.
  • ceramic materials of the Response type (Vita company) were used.
  • the bonding strength was determined in in-vitro tests (spalling test, quenching test and bending test in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9693:2000). All the requirements were clearly exceeded.
  • non-veneered sections edges of the crowns, but also non-veneered crowns
  • the rapidly achieved gloss satisfied all the demands with regard to aesthetics and offered high resistance to the adhesion of e.g. food residues and the formation of plaque.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
US11/495,992 2005-07-29 2006-07-28 Veneerable silver alloy for producing ceramic-veneered dental restorations Abandoned US20070026249A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05107053A EP1770179B1 (de) 2005-07-29 2005-07-29 Aufbrennfähige Silber-Legierung zur Herstellung keramisch verblendeter Dentalrestaurationen
EP05107053.0 2005-07-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20070026249A1 true US20070026249A1 (en) 2007-02-01

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US11/495,992 Abandoned US20070026249A1 (en) 2005-07-29 2006-07-28 Veneerable silver alloy for producing ceramic-veneered dental restorations

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US (1) US20070026249A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1770179B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE409242T1 (de)
DE (1) DE502005005482D1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2993283A1 (fr) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-17 Lucien Vachey Fabrication d'un alliage d'argent noirci dans la masse
US20160008233A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2016-01-14 Degudent Gmbh Dental alloy
JP7726575B1 (ja) * 2025-03-13 2025-08-20 株式会社トップジュエリー 装身具用合金及びその製造方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112020003981A5 (de) 2019-08-22 2022-05-05 BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co.KG Verwendung einer Titan-Eisen-Legierung zur Herstellung eines dentalen metallischen Formkörpers oder einer verblendeten dentalen Restauration, entsprechende dentale metallische Formkörper, verblendete dentale Restaurationen und Verfahren

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929474A (en) * 1974-08-05 1975-12-30 Williams Gold Refining Co Tarnish resistant silver based dental casting alloy capable of bonding to porcelain
US4008080A (en) * 1974-11-13 1977-02-15 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Copper free dental gold alloys
US4689197A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-08-25 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a metallic denture
US5238751A (en) * 1991-02-21 1993-08-24 Elephant Edelmetal B.V. Powder of dental metal, a process for the preparation thereof, a process for the manufacture of a substructure for a dental restoration and a process for the manufacture of a dental restoration
US5423680A (en) * 1993-11-10 1995-06-13 Jeneric/Pentron, Incorporated Palladium, gallium and copper-free alloy having high thermal expansion coefficient
US5453290A (en) * 1990-09-10 1995-09-26 Elephant Edelmetaal B.V. Dental procelain, a method of producing a dental restoration, a dental alloy
US6290501B1 (en) * 1997-04-04 2001-09-18 Degussa-Huls Aktiengesellschaft Silver-palladium alloys for producing a dental prosthesis which can be covered with dental ceramic

Family Cites Families (7)

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DE2908203C2 (de) * 1979-03-02 1982-06-24 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Gold-Silber-Legierungen mit guter Anlaufbeständigkeit für die Zahntechnik
NL9200566A (nl) 1992-03-26 1993-10-18 Elephant Edelmetaal Bv Dentaallegeringen.
DE10033445A1 (de) 2000-07-10 2002-01-24 Trampert Dental Gmbh Dentallegierung mit hohem Goldgehalt
US20020122741A1 (en) * 2001-01-03 2002-09-05 Arun Prasad Dental alloys
EP1432381B1 (de) * 2001-10-01 2006-10-11 Cendres Et Metaux S.A. Dentallegierung mit hohem silbergehalt
AT411324B (de) 2002-02-27 2003-12-29 Elsa Edelmetall Legier Und Sch Dentallegierung auf edelmetallbasis
AT411325B (de) 2002-03-22 2003-12-29 Elsa Edelmetall Legier Und Sch Dentallegierung auf edelmetallbasis

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929474A (en) * 1974-08-05 1975-12-30 Williams Gold Refining Co Tarnish resistant silver based dental casting alloy capable of bonding to porcelain
US4008080A (en) * 1974-11-13 1977-02-15 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Copper free dental gold alloys
US4689197A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-08-25 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a metallic denture
US5453290A (en) * 1990-09-10 1995-09-26 Elephant Edelmetaal B.V. Dental procelain, a method of producing a dental restoration, a dental alloy
US5238751A (en) * 1991-02-21 1993-08-24 Elephant Edelmetal B.V. Powder of dental metal, a process for the preparation thereof, a process for the manufacture of a substructure for a dental restoration and a process for the manufacture of a dental restoration
US5423680A (en) * 1993-11-10 1995-06-13 Jeneric/Pentron, Incorporated Palladium, gallium and copper-free alloy having high thermal expansion coefficient
US6290501B1 (en) * 1997-04-04 2001-09-18 Degussa-Huls Aktiengesellschaft Silver-palladium alloys for producing a dental prosthesis which can be covered with dental ceramic

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160008233A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2016-01-14 Degudent Gmbh Dental alloy
FR2993283A1 (fr) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-17 Lucien Vachey Fabrication d'un alliage d'argent noirci dans la masse
JP7726575B1 (ja) * 2025-03-13 2025-08-20 株式会社トップジュエリー 装身具用合金及びその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1770179B1 (de) 2008-09-24
EP1770179A1 (de) 2007-04-04
DE502005005482D1 (de) 2008-11-06
ATE409242T1 (de) 2008-10-15

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