US20080168708A1 - Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor - Google Patents

Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080168708A1
US20080168708A1 US11/622,208 US62220807A US2008168708A1 US 20080168708 A1 US20080168708 A1 US 20080168708A1 US 62220807 A US62220807 A US 62220807A US 2008168708 A1 US2008168708 A1 US 2008168708A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
corrosion inhibitor
ethanol
alcohol
gasoline
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US11/622,208
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English (en)
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Lawrence J. Cunningham
Richard J. DuMont
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Afton Chemical Corp
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Afton Chemical Corp
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Priority to US11/622,208 priority Critical patent/US20080168708A1/en
Assigned to AFTON CHEMICAL CORPORATION reassignment AFTON CHEMICAL CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CUNNINGHAM, LAWRENCE J., DUMONT, RICHARD J.
Priority to SE0701158A priority patent/SE532079C2/sv
Priority to BRPI0701663-8A priority patent/BRPI0701663A/pt
Priority to DE102007024186A priority patent/DE102007024186A1/de
Priority to CN200710109914.1A priority patent/CN101220304B/zh
Priority to NO20073750A priority patent/NO20073750L/no
Priority to FR0757650A priority patent/FR2911342B1/fr
Priority to SG200718227-2A priority patent/SG144800A1/en
Publication of US20080168708A1 publication Critical patent/US20080168708A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
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    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C10L1/1883—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom polycarboxylic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/221—Organic compounds containing nitrogen compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/223—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond having at least one amino group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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    • C10L1/232—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2443—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds
    • C10L1/2456—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds sulfur with oxygen and/or nitrogen in the ring, e.g. thiazoles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the use of polyetheramine fuel additive in fuels containing an alcohol and a corrosion inhibitor.
  • the polyetheramine fuel additives improve the properties of the resulting fuel and also enhance the benefits to the consumer and to the environment of utilizing varying amounts of ethanol as a fuel in combustion engines.
  • the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for reducing the formation of deposits in engine combusting a fuel containing an alcohol, such as ethanol, and a corrosion inhibitor.
  • ethanol alone or in gasoline blends can create new problems for fuel equipment designed to handle the more non-polar hydrocarbonaceous petroleum fractions commonly known as gasolines.
  • the polarity, corrosivity, adhesiveness, friction properties, and perhaps conductivity of ethanol or ethanol-containing fuel can create new problems and new needs in the fuel industry.
  • E85 fuel A common blend of gasoline and ethanol being discussed is 15% gasoline and 85% ethanol, often commonly referred to as “E85” fuel (hereinafter “E85”).
  • Other ethanol fuels can comprise, for example 10% ethanol (E10) and 100% ethanol (E100).
  • ethanol is widely treated with additives designed to prevent human consumption.
  • Such treated ethanol is called denatured alcohol, or denatured ethanol and common denaturants include gasoline, gasoline components, and kerosene.
  • Other denaturants for rendering fuel alcohol unfit for beverage use are defined in 27 CFR 21.24.
  • DCI-11 is a commercially available corrosion inhibitor and buffer sold by Innospec (formerly Associated Octel) and used in fuels.
  • Innospec formerly Associated Octel
  • engine deposit problems arise from the combustion of ethanol-containing fuels containing this and other corrosion inhibitors. These deposits differ significantly from conventional deposits that result from fuel and lubricant degradation and/or combustion.
  • An embodiment presented herein provides fuel additive agents for use in reducing or inhibiting corrosion inhibitor-derived deposits in engines (or engine components) combusting ethanol-containing fuels, including but not limited to E100, E85, E50, and the like down to E10 and trace blends of ethanol in gasoline.
  • PEA polyetheramine
  • fuel additive agents for use in reducing or inhibiting deposits in engines (or engine components) combusting a corrosion inhibitor and ethanol-containing fuels, including but not limited to E100, E85, E50, and the like down to E10 and trace blends in gasoline.
  • the corrosion inhibitor is the result of combining an organic acid and an amine. It has been observed that the PEA is very effective in reducing or preventing the formation of engine deposits formed in an engine combusting an ethanol-containing fuel that further contains combinations of at least one organic acid and at least one amine or their salts useful as corrosion inhibitors.
  • the ethanol content of the fuel composition is from about 74 to about 85%. In another embodiment, the fuel is 100% ethanol and in yet another embodiment the ethanol content of the fuel composition is about 50%, or is from about 50% to about 74%.
  • Another embodiment provides a method to improve corrosion inhibition and/or to reduce the formation of engine deposits in an internal combustion engine, said method comprising combusting in said engine a fuel composition comprising gasoline, ethanol and at least one fuel additive.
  • the fuel additives used herein are effective in preventing or minimizing corrosion of and/or deposits on metal surfaces and certain plastic or synthetic parts or surfaces in combustion engines that come in contact with fuel containing ethanol and a corrosion inhibitor. Parts such as fuel pumps, valves, gaskets, float devices, relay or signaling devices, gauges, screens, filters, intake valves, pistons, and others can all experience some degree of corrosion and/or deposits.
  • the corrosion and/or deposits can vary depending on the type and duration of exposure, the chemical nature of the exposed surface, and the concentration of ethanol and corrosion inhibitor in the fuel.
  • a fuel additive package or concentrate for ethanol-containing fuel can be designed to reduce corrosion and deposit formation in these engines.
  • the fuel additive concentrate herein can contain one or more corrosion inhibitors, polyetheramine and a diluent which can be an oil, a fuel, gasoline, ethanol, solvent, carrier fluid, or other material combustible in a gasoline engine.
  • a fuel additive package or concentrate for ethanol-containing fuel comprising one or more corrosion inhibitors set forth herein and a diluent which can be an oil, a fuel, gasoline, ethanol, solvent, carrier fluid, or other liquid material combustible in a gasoline engine.
  • a fuel additive concentrate comprising ethanol and polyetheramine, for use in a gasoline containing a corrosion inhibitor or defined herein, including but not limited to those materials having a product resulting from combining an organic acid or diacid and an amine, diamine or polyamine.
  • a composition to reduce corrosion and/or corrosion inhibitor-induced deposits in an internal combustion engine combusting an ethanol-containing fuel comprising gasoline, ethanol, and one or more materials selected from the group consisting of succinimide dispersants, succinamide dispersants, amides, Mannich base dispersants, polyetheramine dispersants, phenolics, hindered phenolics, polyolefin amines, aryl amines, diphenyl amines, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, an oxylated alkylphenolic resin, and formaldehyde polymer with 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol, methyloxirane and oxirane, octane enhancer materials (such as tetraethyl lead, methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, azides, peroxides, and alkyl nitrate
  • corrosion herein is meant any degradation, rusting, weakening, deterioration, softening, and the like of an engine surface or a part or component of an engine or engine component or part due to exposure to an ethanol-containing fuel.
  • PEA polyetheramine
  • polyetheramine organic compounds having one or more aminic nitrogen atoms, and one or more oxygen-containing ether bonds.
  • poly is not a limitation here requiring two or more but rather is the common term of art and can, in one embodiment, encompass an organic compound having one aminic nitrogen, and one oxygen-containing ether bond if the molecular weight and volubility prevent deposit formation.
  • the ether portions can be derived form, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and mixtures thereof.
  • the PEA can be a diamine, and/or can have a molecular weight of greater than 700.
  • the molecular weight of the polyetheramine can be 700 to 3000 and particularly 900 to 1500.
  • PEA's useful in the present disclosure can also include carbamates, amino carbamates, mono- and di-thiocarbamates, amino alkyls, and amido alkanolamines, all of which are known to those skilled in the art.
  • a key to the performance in the present disclosure is the need for solubility of the detergent in the ethanol-containing fuel requires more polarity than present with conventional (non-polar) polyisobutylene detergents.
  • corrosion inhibition or “reducing corrosion” herein is meant any improvement in minimizing reducing, eliminating or preventing corrosion.
  • deposits build up of solid material within an engine, where the deposits can originate from the fuel before combustion, uncombusted fuel, and combination by-products, or from corrosion inhibitors added to ethanol or to ethanol-gasoline blends.
  • the deposits can also include material on the intake valves (known as Intake Valve Deposits or IVD) or combustion chamber deposits (known as CCD), or fuel injector deposits.
  • IVD Intake Valve Deposits
  • CCD combustion chamber deposits
  • the “deposits” herein can appear in or on metal surfaces and certain plastic or synthetic parts or surfaces in combustion engines that come in contact with fuel containing ethanol and a corrosion inhibitor.
  • New Energy ethanol herein is meant ethanol produced by or for a company known as New Energy and which ethanol is known to have about 0.9 PTB or less of Innospec DCI-11 corrosion inhibitor.
  • ADM ethanol herein is meant ethanol produced by or for Archer Daniels Midland corporation and which is known to have about 32 PTB of Innospec DCI-11 corrosion inhibitor.
  • corrosion inhibitor herein is meant at least the following: low molecular weight (i.e., ⁇ 700) amines (mono-, di-, tri, and poly), amines, etheramines, imines, imidazolines, thiadiazoles, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, p-phenylenediamine and dicyclohexylamine, alkyl substituted succinic anhydrides and acids and mixtures thereof and salts thereof.
  • Corrosion inhibitors useful herein can also include or comprise tetrapropenylsuccinic acid or anhydride and polymers thereof.
  • Petrolite Tolad 3222 and Petrolite Tolad 3224 which are believed to be generally of a structure NH 2 (CH 2 ) n —NH—(CH 2 ) m O—C 8-10 where n and m are independently 1 to about 10.
  • corrosion inhibitor is included herein as “corrosion inhibitor”
  • DCI-11TM which is believed to contain the reaction product of an organic acid and an amine or a diamine, such as DuomineTM having the structure NH 2 (CH 2 ) n —NH—C 8-10 were n is 1 to about 10.
  • the DCI-11 product is believed to be the low molecular weight ( ⁇ 500) amine salt of a carboxylic acid.
  • Petrolite Tolad 357 is a corrosion inhibitor useful herein and believed to be a composition having a molecular weight of about 700 or less comprising (1) an alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride (ASAA), and (2) the reaction produce of ASAA and a trialkanol amine such as triethanolamine (TEA) where ASAA (3 moles) is reacted with TEA (1 mole) to yield an amide and/or amine salt.
  • ASAA alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride
  • TEA triethanolamine
  • the corrosion inhibitor is the product of combining an organic acid or diacid and an amine, diamine or polyamine in a ratio of about 5:1
  • a fuel composition that can be, or can comprise, 1.0 to 100 volume percent of one or more alcohols, and 0 to 99% gasoline, and a corrosion inhibitor, said inhibitor comprising, by weight, (a) about 35% to 70% of at least one mono- or di-alkenyl succinic acid in which the alkenyl group has 8 to 18 carbons; and (b) about 30% to 65% of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine, diamine or polyamine containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the corrosion inhibitor can be dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon, an alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or mixture thereof, the ratio of the hydrocarbon solvent to the total of (a) and (b) being about 15:85 to 50:50, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is present in the fuel composition at less than about 1000 ppm.
  • a hydrocarbon solvent consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon, an alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or mixture thereof, the ratio of the hydrocarbon solvent to the total of (a) and (b) being about 15:85 to 50:50, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is present in the fuel composition at less than about 1000 ppm.
  • the corrosion inhibitor can be or comprise a composition having by weight (a) about 75% to 95% of at least one polymerized unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, said unsaturated acid having 16 to 18 carbons per molecule, and (b) about 5% to 25% of at least one monoalkenylsuccinic acid in which the alkenyl group has 8 to 18 carbons.
  • the corrosion inhibitor can be blended into or with the ethanol, or the gasoline, or the ethanol/gasoline blend.
  • the corrosion inhibitor comprises a nitrogen-containing material having a molecular weight of less than about 700 and the PEA has at least one aminic nitrogen atom and a molecular weight greater than about 700.
  • Corrosion inhibitors herein can include, but are not limited to, the following commercial products and their derivatives and chemically equivalent products:
  • Octel DCI-11 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 20 PTB
  • Petrolite Tolad 3222 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 20 PTB
  • Petrolite Tolad 3224 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 13 PTB
  • Petrolite Tolad 357 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 15 PTB
  • Nalco 5403 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 30 PTB
  • ENDCOR FE-9730 (formerly Betz® ACN 13) often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 20 PTB
  • CorrPro 654 often used in fuel ethanol at, for example, about 13 PTB
  • PTB pounds per thousand barrels
  • a method to reduce deposits formed in an internal combustion engine comprising combusting in said engine a fuel composition comprising gasoline, alcohol, a corrosion inhibitor and at least one polyetheramine fuel additive, whereby deposits in the engine are prevented or reduced relative to the deposits produced in the engine when combusting an alcohol-containing fuel composition containing a corrosion inhibitor but without at least one polyetheramine fuel additive.
  • the alcohol is ethanol and in another it is methanol, propanol, butanol, and/or mixtures comprising any combination thereof.
  • PEA acetic acid and sulfuric acid species
  • the use herein of PEA helps to raise the pH slightly by buffering the acetic and/or sulfuric acid components, thereby reducing or preventing the formation of deposit-contributing reaction products.
  • the use of PEA herein is also useful in buffering the acid corrosion inhibitor.
  • the present disclosure provides a corrosion inhibitor buffer in the form of a PEA and in ethanol-containing fuels.
  • a fuel comprising (a) an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol, and mixtures thereof (b) gasoline, (c) the products of combining an organic carboxylic acid or diacid and an amine, diamine, or polymine and (d) a polyetheramine.
  • FFV test 5000 miles intake valve deposit run on a 2006 3.5 liter 6-cylinder Flexible Fuel Vehicle (FFV) Chevrolet Impala.
  • FFV refers to vehicles capable of operating on blends of up to 85% ethanol and 15% hydrocarbon such as unleaded gasoline.
  • the test consisted of multistage 100 minute cycles made up of a mix of accelerations and steady driving at 25 MPH, 40 MPH and 65 MPH.
  • the engine's six intake valves are weighed before the start of mileage accumulation and at the end of the 5000 test miles. The average of the difference in intake valve deposits is reported as the average intake valve deposit weight.
  • Additive-free conventional regular unleaded gasoline run to 5,000 miles in a 2006 3.5 L Flexible Fuel (FFV) Chevrolet Impala running a modified Quad 4 cycle.
  • the 429 mg/valve deposit level is typical of what would be expected from this type of fuel and test cycle.
  • the ethanol was known to contain 32 PTB of Innospec DC-11 corrosion inhibitor as supplied.
  • This fuel when tested in the Chevrolet Impala FFV test generated a surprisingly high level of intake system deposits. Pure ethanol burns cleanly and generates very few deposits, so one would have expected to generate less than 100 mg/valve or only 15-20% of the deposit observed with 100% gasoline since only 15%-20% of the E-85 fuel was made up of the unleaded gasoline. Instead the E-85 gave a surprisingly high level of 227 mg/valve, which is more than double what would have been predicted.
  • This fuel was prepared by blending 84% New Energy ethanol which does not contain any corrosion inhibitor with 16% regular unleaded gasoline and additizing that fuel with 32 PTB of Innospec DCI-11 corrosion inhibitor.
  • this fuel was tested in the Chevrolet Impala FFV test, it generated essentially the same deposit level, 230 mg/valve, as the fuel tested in Example 2.
  • This E-84 fuel is the same as used in Example 2, but this time the fuel was treated with 500 PTB of Afton Chemical's PEA, HiTEC 6400.
  • this fuel was tested in the Chevrolet Impala FFV test, it generated average of only 4 mg/valve of intake valve deposit, even though it contained 32 PTB of Innospec DC-11 corrosion inhibitor as supplied.
  • Table II below provides illustrations of some desired additive combinations for various ethanol-containing fuels whereby corrosion might be controlled or reduced in an engine combusting the ethanol-containing fuel.
  • a fuel comprising ethanol, gasoline, a polyetheramine fuel additive, and a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of Octel DCI-11 corrosion inhibitor, Petrolite Tolad 3222 corrosion inhibitor, Petrolite Tolad 3224 corrosion inhibitor, Nalco 5403 corrosion inhibitor, ENDCOR FE-9730 corrosion inhibitor, MidContinental MCC5011E corrosion inhibitor, MidContinental MCC5011EW corrosion inhibitor, CorrPro 654 corrosion inhibitor, NALCO 5403 corrosion inhibitor, ENDCOR FE 9730 corrosion inhibitor, and Betz® ACN 13 corrosion inhibitor, or chemical equivalents thereof.
  • the fuel is an E-85 gasoline-ethanol blend.
  • the ratio of corrosion inhibitor to PEA can be from about 1:20 to about 20:1.
  • the radio of corrosion inhibitor to PEA can be from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
  • the ratio of corrosion inhibitor to PEA can be from about 1:5 to about 5:1.
  • the minimum amount of corrosion inhibitor, such as DCI-11 is about 5 PTB and in another the amount is from about 10 PTB to about 30 PTB in the finished fuel.
  • the fuel in one embodiment contain from 30-60 PTB of the PEA, such as HiTEC® 6400 PEA.
  • each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the disclosure are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

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US11/622,208 US20080168708A1 (en) 2007-01-11 2007-01-11 Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor
SE0701158A SE532079C2 (sv) 2007-01-11 2007-05-11 Förfarande och kompositioner för att reducera beläggningar i motorer som förbränner etanolhaltiga bränslen och en korrosionsinhibitor
BRPI0701663-8A BRPI0701663A (pt) 2007-01-11 2007-05-23 método e composições para a redução de depósitos em motores de combustão usando combustìveis que contém etanol e um inibidor de corrosão
DE102007024186A DE102007024186A1 (de) 2007-01-11 2007-05-24 Verfahren und Zusammensetzungen zum Reduzieren von Ablagerungen in Motoren, die Ethanol-enthaltende Kraftstoffe und einen Korrosionsinhibitor verbrennen
CN200710109914.1A CN101220304B (zh) 2007-01-11 2007-06-11 在燃烧含醇燃料和腐蚀抑制剂的发动机中减少沉积物的方法和组合物
NO20073750A NO20073750L (en) 2007-01-11 2007-07-19 Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor
FR0757650A FR2911342B1 (fr) 2007-01-11 2007-09-18 Composition de carburant contenant de l'ethanol et un inhibiteur de corrosion, reduisant les depots dans les moteurs a combustion interne
SG200718227-2A SG144800A1 (en) 2007-01-11 2007-11-30 Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor

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US20080216393A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Dumont Richard J Methods and compositions for reducing corrosion and increasing engine durability in engines combusting alcohol-containing fuels
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US20150212007A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2015-07-30 Nalco Company Method of Monitoring and Optimizing Additive Concentration in Fuel Ethanol
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US20080202561A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-28 Dumont Richard J Methods and Compositions for Reducing Deposits In Engines Combusting Alcohol-Containing Fuels
US20080216393A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Dumont Richard J Methods and compositions for reducing corrosion and increasing engine durability in engines combusting alcohol-containing fuels
US20150212007A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2015-07-30 Nalco Company Method of Monitoring and Optimizing Additive Concentration in Fuel Ethanol
US10436719B2 (en) * 2008-06-20 2019-10-08 Ecolab Usa Inc. Method of monitoring and optimizing additive concentration in fuel ethanol
US20110162260A1 (en) * 2008-09-16 2011-07-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Alcohol Fuel Soluble Additive for Removing Deposits in Fueling Systems
CN104144849A (zh) * 2012-03-07 2014-11-12 现代重工业株式会社 自动三层附接装置
CN104144849B (zh) * 2012-03-07 2016-11-16 现代重工业株式会社 自动三层附接装置
WO2018164986A1 (fr) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 The Lubrizol Corporation Sels d'amines pour moteurs à essence
US11208603B2 (en) 2017-03-06 2021-12-28 The Lubrizol Corporation Amine salts for use in gasoline engines
EP4108743A1 (fr) * 2017-03-06 2022-12-28 The Lubrizol Corporation Sels d'amine pour une utilisation dans des moteurs à essence
AU2018230607B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2023-09-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Amine salts for use in gasoline engines

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FR2911342A1 (fr) 2008-07-18
CN101220304B (zh) 2013-02-06
BRPI0701663A (pt) 2008-08-26
NO20073750L (en) 2008-07-14
SG144800A1 (en) 2008-08-28
DE102007024186A1 (de) 2008-07-31
SE0701158L (sv) 2008-07-12
FR2911342B1 (fr) 2012-06-15
CN101220304A (zh) 2008-07-16
SE532079C2 (sv) 2009-10-20

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