US20080244839A1 - Mixtures Of Reactive Dyes And Their Use - Google Patents

Mixtures Of Reactive Dyes And Their Use Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080244839A1
US20080244839A1 US10/592,888 US59288805A US2008244839A1 US 20080244839 A1 US20080244839 A1 US 20080244839A1 US 59288805 A US59288805 A US 59288805A US 2008244839 A1 US2008244839 A1 US 2008244839A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
dye
formula
halogen
hal
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/592,888
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English (en)
Inventor
Athanassios Tzikas
Georg Roentgen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huntsman International LLC
Original Assignee
Huntsman International LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34928914&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20080244839(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Huntsman International LLC filed Critical Huntsman International LLC
Publication of US20080244839A1 publication Critical patent/US20080244839A1/en
Priority to US12/711,774 priority Critical patent/US20100151134A1/en
Priority to US13/747,575 priority patent/US8864850B2/en
Priority to US14/485,841 priority patent/US9371611B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D06P3/66Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
    • D06P3/666Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes reactive group not directly attached to heterocyclic group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0033Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
    • C09B67/0041Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions mixtures containing one azo dye
    • C09B67/0042Mixtures containing two reactive dyes one of them being an azo dye
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B62/00Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves
    • C09B62/02Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves with the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic ring
    • C09B62/04Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves with the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic ring to a triazine ring
    • C09B62/08Azo dyes
    • C09B62/09Disazo or polyazo dyes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0033Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
    • C09B67/0041Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions mixtures containing one azo dye
    • C09B67/0042Mixtures containing two reactive dyes one of them being an azo dye
    • C09B67/0044Mixtures containing two reactive dyes one of them being an azo dye both having the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic system
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0033Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
    • C09B67/0046Mixtures of two or more azo dyes
    • C09B67/0055Mixtures of two or more disazo dyes
    • C09B67/0057Mixtures of two or more reactive disazo dyes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0033Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
    • C09B67/0046Mixtures of two or more azo dyes
    • C09B67/0055Mixtures of two or more disazo dyes
    • C09B67/0057Mixtures of two or more reactive disazo dyes
    • C09B67/0058Mixtures of two or more reactive disazo dyes all the reactive groups are directly attached to a heterocyclic system
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • C09D11/30Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/32Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
    • C09D11/328Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents characterised by dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/38General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/14Wool
    • D06P3/148Wool using reactive dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/30Ink jet printing

Definitions

  • T 2 independently has the definition of X 2 , is a non-fibre-reactive substituent or is a fibre-reactive radical of formula
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and the corresponding radicals in the bridging member G each independently of the others, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and isobutyl, preferably methyl and ethyl and especially methyl.
  • U there come into consideration, for example, —Cl, —Br, —F, —OSO 3 H, —SSO 3 H, OCO—CH 3 , —OPO 3 H 2 , —OCO—C 6 H 6 , —OSO 2 —C 1 -C 4 alkyl and —OSO 2 —N(C 1 -C 4 alkyl) 2 .
  • U is a group of formula —Cl, —OSO 3 H, —SSO 3 H, —OCO—CH 3 , —OCO—C 6 H 6 or —OPO 3 H 2 , especially —Cl or —OSO 3 H and more especially —OSO 3 H.
  • T 2 is preferably a non-fibre-reactive substituent or a fibre-reactive radical of formula (6a), (6b), (6c), (6d) or (6e).
  • T 2 is preferably a radical of formula (6b), (6c), (6d) or (6e), especially of formula (6b), (6c) or (6d), and more especially of formula (6c), the definitions and preferred meanings given hereinbefore applying to the variables.
  • Z is preferably vinyl or ⁇ -chloroethyl.
  • Z is preferably vinyl or ⁇ -sulfatoethyl.
  • T 2 is one of the above-mentioned fibre-reactive radicals.
  • Hal in the fibre-reactive radicals of formulae (5d), (5e) and (6e) is preferably chlorine or bromine, especially bromine.
  • the dye of formula (4) is preferably a dye of formula
  • a dye of formula (1) to which special preference is given is a dye of formula
  • the dye of formula (1) is, for example, a dye of formula
  • the dye mixtures according to the invention can be prepared, for example, by mixing the individual dyes. Such a mixing process is carried out, for example, in suitable mills, for example ball mills or pin mills, and also in kneaders or mixers.
  • the dyes used in the aqueous inks should preferably have a low salt content, that is to say they should have a total content of salts of less than 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of the dyes.
  • Dyes that have relatively high salt contents as a result of their preparation and/or as a result of the subsequent addition of diluents can be salted out, for example, by membrane separation procedures, such as ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis or dialysis.
  • the inks may comprise thickeners of natural or synthetic origin inter alia for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity.
  • the inks may also comprise further additives, such as fluorinated polymers or telomers, e.g. polyethoxyperfluoroalcohols (Forafac® or Zonyl® products) in an amount of e.g. from 0.01 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the ink.
  • fluorinated polymers or telomers e.g. polyethoxyperfluoroalcohols (Forafac® or Zonyl® products) in an amount of e.g. from 0.01 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the ink.
  • inkjet printing individual droplets of the ink are sprayed onto a substrate in a controlled manner from a nozzle.
  • the continuous inkjet method the droplets are produced continuously and any droplets not required for the printing are conveyed to a collecting vessel and recycled, whereas in the drop-on-demand method droplets are produced and printed as required, that is to say droplets are produced only when required for the printing.
  • the production of the droplets can be effected, for example, by means of a piezo-inkjet head or by means of thermal energy (bubble jet). Printing by means of a piezo-inkjet head and printing in accordance with the continuous inkjet method are preferred.
  • 100 parts of a cotton fabric are introduced at a temperature of 60° C. into a dye bath containing 3.0 parts of the dye of formula (1.1), 3.0 parts of the dye of formula (4.1) and 60 parts of sodium chloride in 1000 parts of water. After 45 minutes at a temperature of 60° C., 20 parts of calcined soda are added. The temperature of the dye bath is maintained at 60° C. for a further 45 minutes. The dyed fabric is then rinsed and dried in the usual manner. A navy-blue dyeing having good fastness properties is obtained.
  • Mercerised cotton satin is pad-dyed using a liquor containing 30 g/l of sodium carbonate and 50 g/l of urea (70% liquor pick-up) and dried.
  • the print is fully dried and is fixed in saturated steam at 102° C. for 8 minutes, cold-rinsed, washed-off at boiling temperature, rinsed again and dried.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US10/592,888 2004-03-19 2005-03-09 Mixtures Of Reactive Dyes And Their Use Abandoned US20080244839A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/711,774 US20100151134A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2010-02-24 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US13/747,575 US8864850B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2013-01-23 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US14/485,841 US9371611B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2014-09-15 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04101142 2004-03-19
EP04101142.0 2004-03-19
PCT/EP2005/051037 WO2005090485A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2005-03-09 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/051037 A-371-Of-International WO2005090485A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2005-03-09 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/711,774 Continuation US20100151134A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2010-02-24 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080244839A1 true US20080244839A1 (en) 2008-10-09

Family

ID=34928914

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/592,888 Abandoned US20080244839A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2005-03-09 Mixtures Of Reactive Dyes And Their Use
US12/711,774 Abandoned US20100151134A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2010-02-24 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US13/747,575 Expired - Lifetime US8864850B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2013-01-23 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US14/485,841 Expired - Lifetime US9371611B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2014-09-15 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/711,774 Abandoned US20100151134A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2010-02-24 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US13/747,575 Expired - Lifetime US8864850B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2013-01-23 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use
US14/485,841 Expired - Lifetime US9371611B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2014-09-15 Mixtures of reactive dyes and their use

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (4) US20080244839A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1725618B1 (de)
KR (1) KR101217646B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1934195B (de)
AT (1) ATE517951T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0508958B8 (de)
MX (1) MXPA06010605A (de)
MY (1) MY162329A (de)
PT (1) PT1725618E (de)
TW (1) TWI415903B (de)
WO (1) WO2005090485A1 (de)

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CN101613536B (zh) * 2008-06-26 2013-12-25 上海雅运纺织化工股份有限公司 藏青色活性染料组合物及其染色应用
CN101817995B (zh) * 2009-11-16 2013-05-08 天津德凯化工股份有限公司 一种藏青染料
CN101709157B (zh) * 2009-11-16 2013-11-13 天津德凯化工股份有限公司 一种适用于尼龙染色的活性藏青染料
CN101812244B (zh) * 2009-11-16 2013-06-19 天津德凯化工股份有限公司 一种用于尼龙染色的活性染料及其制备方法
CN101735658B (zh) * 2009-11-16 2013-08-14 天津德凯化工股份有限公司 一种适用于尼龙染色的活性藏青染料及其制备方法
BR112013004125A2 (pt) 2010-08-25 2016-06-28 Huntsman Adv Mat Switzerland misturas de corantes reativos a fibra e seu uso em um método para tingimento ou impressão tricromática
TW201446886A (zh) 2013-02-19 2014-12-16 Huntsman Adv Mat Switzerland 反應性染料混合物及其於雙或三色染料或印刷方法中之用途
CN103351645A (zh) * 2013-07-15 2013-10-16 湖北华丽染料工业有限公司 一种活性蓝染料及其制备方法
CN103540166B (zh) * 2013-11-01 2015-04-08 上海雅运纺织化工股份有限公司 蓝色活性染料组合物及其在纤维上的染色应用
CN108473785B (zh) * 2016-01-29 2021-02-12 亨斯迈先进材料(瑞士)有限公司 纤维反应性甲臜染料、其制备及其用途
US10550277B2 (en) 2016-06-27 2020-02-04 Seiko Epson Corporation Ink composition, ink set, and recording method
JP6897327B2 (ja) * 2017-05-30 2021-06-30 セイコーエプソン株式会社 インク組成物、インクセット及び記録方法
EP3336148A1 (de) 2016-12-15 2018-06-20 DyStar Colours Distribution GmbH Blaue und marineblaue faserreaktive farbstoffmischungen
KR102787946B1 (ko) * 2020-04-27 2025-03-31 아크로마 (스위처랜드) 게엠베하 반응성 염료들의 혼합물 및 텍스타일 섬유 재료를 염색 또는 프린팅하기 위한 이의 용도
CN114716844A (zh) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-08 浙江亿得新材料股份有限公司 一种复合高日晒蓝色活性染料及用途
CN118562317A (zh) * 2024-04-28 2024-08-30 浙江瑞华化工有限公司 一种复合活性蓝染料组合物及其作为活性染料的用途

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US5456728A (en) * 1991-12-04 1995-10-10 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Reactive dyestuff mixture having improved properties in combination
US5629410A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-05-13 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Reactive azo dyes containing an aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl bridge member
US5632783A (en) * 1995-03-03 1997-05-27 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Mixtures of reactive dyes for navy shades
US5704951A (en) * 1995-03-30 1998-01-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Mixtures of blue-dyeing fiber-reactive dyes and their use for dyeing hydroxy-and/or carboxamido-containing fiber material
US6126700A (en) * 1999-01-20 2000-10-03 Everlight Usa, Inc. Black dye composition
US6319291B1 (en) * 1998-07-21 2001-11-20 Dystar Textilfarben Gmbh & Co. Navy-blue dye mixture of fiber-reactive azo dyes

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4257770A (en) * 1978-07-21 1981-03-24 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Disazo dye composition
US5456728A (en) * 1991-12-04 1995-10-10 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Reactive dyestuff mixture having improved properties in combination
US5629410A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-05-13 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Reactive azo dyes containing an aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl bridge member
US5632783A (en) * 1995-03-03 1997-05-27 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Mixtures of reactive dyes for navy shades
US5704951A (en) * 1995-03-30 1998-01-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Mixtures of blue-dyeing fiber-reactive dyes and their use for dyeing hydroxy-and/or carboxamido-containing fiber material
US6319291B1 (en) * 1998-07-21 2001-11-20 Dystar Textilfarben Gmbh & Co. Navy-blue dye mixture of fiber-reactive azo dyes
US6126700A (en) * 1999-01-20 2000-10-03 Everlight Usa, Inc. Black dye composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101217646B1 (ko) 2013-01-02
BRPI0508958B8 (pt) 2023-05-16
KR20060133030A (ko) 2006-12-22
BRPI0508958A (pt) 2007-08-14
MY162329A (en) 2017-05-31
WO2005090485A1 (en) 2005-09-29
CN1934195A (zh) 2007-03-21
US20130133142A1 (en) 2013-05-30
US20100151134A1 (en) 2010-06-17
EP1725618A1 (de) 2006-11-29
ATE517951T1 (de) 2011-08-15
BRPI0508958B1 (pt) 2015-07-28
EP1725618B1 (de) 2011-07-27
PT1725618E (pt) 2011-09-19
TW200604297A (en) 2006-02-01
CN1934195B (zh) 2012-04-25
MXPA06010605A (es) 2007-04-19
TWI415903B (zh) 2013-11-21
US8864850B2 (en) 2014-10-21
US20150000051A1 (en) 2015-01-01
US9371611B2 (en) 2016-06-21

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