US20090052051A1 - Optical system, imaging apparatus, and method for forming image by the optical system - Google Patents

Optical system, imaging apparatus, and method for forming image by the optical system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090052051A1
US20090052051A1 US12/182,195 US18219508A US2009052051A1 US 20090052051 A1 US20090052051 A1 US 20090052051A1 US 18219508 A US18219508 A US 18219508A US 2009052051 A1 US2009052051 A1 US 2009052051A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
optical system
lens group
refractive power
denotes
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US12/182,195
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Inventor
Satoshi Hayakawa
Satoru Shibata
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Nikon Corp
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Nikon Corp
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Publication of US20090052051A1 publication Critical patent/US20090052051A1/en
Priority to US13/005,063 priority Critical patent/US8908283B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/143—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only
    • G02B15/1435—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being negative
    • G02B15/143503—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being negative arranged -+-
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/144—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only
    • G02B15/1445—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being negative
    • G02B15/144511—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being negative arranged -+-+
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system, an imaging apparatus, and a method for forming an image by the optical system.
  • An optical system having a lens made of a glass medium with a high refractive index has been known.
  • a one having a two-lens-group configuration composed of, in order from an object, a negative lens group and a positive lens group such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-134887.
  • the conventional optical system has a lens made of a glass medium with a high refractive index, there still has a problem that spherical aberration and curvature of field cannot be sufficiently corrected.
  • the present invention has made in view of above described problems and has an object to provide an optical system having excellent optical performance with sufficiently correct spherical aberration and curvature of field, an imaging apparatus, and a method for forming an image by the optical system.
  • an optical system comprising: a plurality of lens groups; at least one of the plurality of lens groups having an A lens that satisfies at least one of the following conditional expressions (1) and (2):
  • an imaging apparatus equipped with the optical system according to the present invention.
  • a method for forming an image of an optical system comprising a step of: providing the optical system including a plurality of lens groups; at least one of the plurality of lens groups having an A lens that satisfies at least one of the following conditional expressions (1) and (2):
  • the present invention makes it possible to provide an optical system having excellent optical performance with sufficiently correct spherical aberration and curvature of field, an imaging apparatus, and a method for forming an image by the optical system.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 5 of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 6 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 7 of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 8 of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 9 of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 10 of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a graph showing a camera equipped with the optical system according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • An optical system includes a plurality of lens groups, at least one of the plurality of lens groups has an A lens that satisfies at least one of the following conditional expressions (1) and (2):
  • An optical system according to the present application has an A lens having a glass material with a high refractive index.
  • a glass material with a high refractive index appropriately, the radius of curvature of the A lens can be large, so that it becomes possible to excellently correct various aberrations.
  • Conditional expression (1) defines an appropriate range of a refractive index of the glass material of the A lens.
  • conditional expression (1) it becomes easy to correct aberrations such as spherical aberration and curvature of field, so that excellent optical performance can be secured.
  • conditional expression (1) when the lower limit of conditional expression (1) is set to 1.89400, refractive power of the A lens becomes further stronger, and the radius of curvature can be larger, so that correction of aberrations becomes easier and excellent optical performance can be secured.
  • Conditional expression (2) defines an appropriate range of the Abbe number of the glass material of the A lens.
  • conditional expression (2) when the lower limit of conditional expression (2) is set to ⁇ 4.28000, the Abbe number of the A lens becomes further smaller, so that correction of lateral chromatic aberration becomes easier and excellent optical performance can be secured.
  • the plurality of lens groups include, in order from the most object side, a first lens group having negative refractive power, and a second lens group having positive refractive power.
  • an optical system according to the present application makes it possible to realize a wide angle of view and makes it easy to correct curvature of field.
  • the plurality of lens groups include, in order from the most object side, a first lens group having negative refractive power, a second lens group having positive refractive power, and a third lens group having negative refractive power.
  • an optical system according to the present application becomes symmetrical refractive power distribution with respect to the aperture stop, so that it becomes easy to correct distortion.
  • the A lens in order to secure excellent optical performance, preferably satisfies at least one of the following conditional expressions (3) and (4):
  • r1 denotes a radius of curvature of the object side lens surface of the A lens
  • r2 denotes a radius of curvature of the image side lens surface of the A lens
  • Conditional expressions (3) and (4) show a shape factor of the A lens in an optical system according to the present application and define an appropriate range of the shape factor of the A lens.
  • the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the A lens becomes relatively small.
  • the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the A lens becomes relatively small, since difference from the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the A lens becomes large, aberrations generated on the object side surface of the A lens becomes difficult to be corrected by the image side surface of the A lens, so that it becomes difficult to sufficiently correct curvature of field.
  • the A lens in order to secure excellent optical performance, preferably satisfies the following conditional expression (5):
  • fA denotes a focal length of the A lens
  • fG denotes a focal length of the lens group in which the A lens is included.
  • conditional expression (5) defines an appropriate range of a ratio of the focal length of the A lens to that of the lens group in which the A lens is included.
  • conditional expression (5) When the lower limit of conditional expression (5) is set to ⁇ 4.30, correction of spherical aberration becomes easy, and excellent optical performance can be secured.
  • conditional expression (5) When the upper limit of conditional expression (5) is set to ⁇ 0.30, correction of curvature of field becomes easy, and excellent optical performance can be secured.
  • the A lens preferably has positive refractive power.
  • refractive power of the positive lens becomes strong, so that aberrations generated in the positive lens such as spherical aberration can be excellently corrected.
  • the optical system includes an aperture stop, and the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop and has a convex surface facing the object.
  • an optical system according to the present application can make smaller an angle of deviation of the ray incident on the convex surface, so that correction of curvature of field becomes easy.
  • the optical system includes an aperture stop, and the A lens is disposed to the image side of the aperture stop and has a concave surface facing the object.
  • an optical system according to the present application can make smaller an angle of deviation of the ray incident on the concave surface, so that correction of curvature of field becomes easy.
  • the lens group in which the A lens is included preferably has negative refractive power.
  • an optical system makes it possible to excellently correct spherical aberration when the lens group including the A lens is disposed near to the aperture stop, or coma when the lens group including the A lens is disposed far from the aperture stop.
  • the most object side lens group among the plurality of lens groups preferably has an aspherical lens.
  • an optical system according to the present application makes it possible to realize a wide angle of view and to easily correct curvature of field.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying each distance between the plurality of lens groups.
  • an optical system makes it possible to easily vary a focal length, and to excellently correct curvature of field and spherical aberration over entire focal length range from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • An imaging apparatus is equipped with the above-described optical system.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 1 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, and a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, and a positive meniscus lens L 12 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a double convex positive lens L 21 , a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 22 cemented with a double concave negative lens L 23 , and a cemented lens constructed by a double concave negative lens L 24 cemented with a double convex positive lens L 25 .
  • an air space between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 is varied upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • an aperture stop S is disposed in the second lens group G 2 , and moved together with the second lens group G 2 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 12 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • f denotes a focal length
  • Bf denotes a back focal length
  • the left most column “i” shows the lens surface number counted in order from the object side
  • the second column “r” shows a radius of curvature of the lens surface
  • the third column “d” shows a distance to the next surface
  • Bf denotes a back focal length. The position of an aspherical surface is expressed by attaching “*” to the right side of the surface number.
  • y denotes a vertical height from the optical axis
  • x denotes a sag amount which is a distance along the optical axis from the tangent surface at the vertex of the aspherical surface to the aspherical surface at the vertical height h from the optical axis
  • r denotes a radius of curvature of a reference sphere (a paraxial radius of curvature)
  • k denotes a conical coefficient
  • FNO denotes an f-number
  • 2 ⁇ denotes an angle of view in degrees
  • Y denotes an image height
  • TL denotes a total lens length
  • W denotes a wide-angle end state
  • M denotes an intermediate focal length state
  • T denotes a telephoto end state.
  • di denotes a variable distance at the surface number i where i is an integer.
  • mm is generally used for the unit of length such as the focal length, the radius of curvature and the distance to the next lens surface.
  • the unit is not necessarily to be limited to “mm”, and any other suitable unit can be used.
  • the explanation of reference symbols is the same in the other Examples, so that duplicated explanations are omitted.
  • FNO denotes an f-number
  • A denotes a half angle of view.
  • f-number with respect to the maximum aperture is shown.
  • f-number with respect to the maximum aperture is shown.
  • coma coma with respect to each half angle of view is shown.
  • astigmatism a solid line indicates a sagittal image plane, and a broken line indicates a meridional image plane.
  • the optical system according to Example 1 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 2 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 2 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, and a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, and a positive meniscus lens L 12 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a double convex positive lens L 21 , a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 22 cemented with a double concave negative lens L 23 , and a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 24 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 25 .
  • an air space between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 is varied upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • an aperture stop S is disposed in the second lens group G 2 , and moved together with the second lens group G 2 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 12 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 2 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 3 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 3 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, and a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having convex surface facing the object, a negative meniscus lens L 12 having a convex surface facing the object, and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 12 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 21 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 22 having a concave surface facing the object, a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 23 cemented with a double concave negative lens L 24 , and a double convex positive lens L 25 .
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a negative meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , and increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed in the second lens group G 2 , and moved together with the second lens group G 2 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 13 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 3 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 4 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 4 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, and a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having convex surface facing the object, a negative meniscus lens L 12 having a convex surface facing the object, and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 12 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 21 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 22 having a concave surface facing the object, a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 23 cemented with a double concave negative lens L 24 , and a double convex positive lens L 25 .
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a negative meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , and increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed in the second lens group G 2 , and moved together with the second lens group G 2 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 13 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 4 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 5 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 5 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 , and decreasing a distance between the third lens group G 3 and the fourth lens group G 4 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 , and moved together with the third lens group G 3 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 31 in the third lens group G 3 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the image side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 5 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 6 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 6 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 , and decreasing a distance between the third lens group G 3 and the fourth lens group G 4 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 , and moved together with the third lens group G 3 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 31 in the third lens group G 3 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the image side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 6 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 7 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 7 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 , and decreasing a distance between the third lens group G 3 and the fourth lens group G 4 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 , and moved together with the third lens group G 3 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 31 in the third lens group G 3 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the image side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 7 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 8 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 8 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 , and decreasing a distance between the third lens group G 3 and the fourth lens group G 4 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 , and moved together with the third lens group G 3 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 13 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 8 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 9 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 9 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • varying a focal length from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G 1 and the second lens group G 2 , increasing a distance between the second lens group G 2 and the third lens group G 3 , and decreasing a distance between the third lens group G 3 and the fourth lens group G 4 .
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 , and moved together with the third lens group G 3 upon varying a focal length from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state.
  • the positive meniscus lens L 13 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 9 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations in the wide-angle end state, in the intermediate focal length state, and in the telephoto end state.
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an optical system according to Example 10 of the present application.
  • the optical system according to Example 10 is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G 1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G 2 having positive refractive power, a third lens group G 3 having negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G 4 having positive refractive power.
  • the first lens group G 1 is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the object, a double concave negative lens L 12 , and a positive meniscus lens L 13 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the negative meniscus lens L 11 is an aspherical lens that a resin layer is applied on an image side glass surface and formed an aspherical surface thereon.
  • the second lens group G 2 is composed of, in order from the object, a cemented lens constructed by a negative meniscus lens L 21 having a convex surface facing the object cemented with a double convex positive lens L 22 , and a positive meniscus lens L 23 having a convex surface facing the object.
  • the third lens group G 3 is composed of a cemented lens constructed by, in order from the object, a positive meniscus lens L 31 having a concave surface facing the object cemented with a double concave negative lens L 32 .
  • the fourth lens group G 4 is composed of, in order from the object, a plano-convex positive lens L 41 having a plane surface facing the object, and a cemented lens constructed by a double convex positive lens L 42 cemented with a negative meniscus lens L 43 having a concave surface facing the object.
  • an aperture stop S is disposed to the object side of the third lens group G 3 .
  • the positive meniscus lens L 13 in the first lens group G 1 is an A lens. Since the A lens is disposed to the object side of the aperture stop S, the A lens has a meniscus shape having a convex surface facing the object, so that an incident angle of an oblique ray not parallel to the optical axis onto the A lens becomes close to the normal.
  • the optical system according to Example 10 shows superb optical performance as a result of good corrections to various aberrations.
  • each Example makes it possible to realize an optical system having excellent optical performance with sufficiently correcting spherical aberration and curvature of field.
  • lens configuration of the optical system according to the present application is not limited to this, and other lens-group configurations such as a five-lens-group configuration can be applied.
  • a portion of a lens group or a lens group may be moved along an optical axis as a focusing lens group.
  • the focusing lens group may be used for an auto focus, and is suitable for being driven by a motor such as an ultrasonic motor.
  • it is preferable that the first lens group or a portion of the first lens group is used as the focusing lens group.
  • a lens group or a portion of a lens group may be shifted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis as a vibration reduction lens group in order to correct an image blur caused by a camera shake, a lens group or a portion of a lens group of the other lens groups may be used as a vibration reduction lens group.
  • a portion of the second lens group or a portion of the third lens group is used as a vibration reduction lens group.
  • an aspherical lens may be used in other than the second lens group.
  • the aspherical surface may be fabricated by a fine grinding process, a glass molding process that a glass material is formed into an aspherical shape by a mold, or a compound type process that a resin material is formed into an aspherical shape on a glass surface.
  • An antireflection coating having high transmittance over a broad wavelength range may be applied to each lens surface of an optical system according to the present application to reduce flare or ghost images, so that high optical performance with a high contrast can be attained.
  • a diffractive optical element may be easily used. With this configuration, it becomes possible to excellently correct chromatic aberration.
  • the present embodiment only shows a specific example for the purpose of better understanding of the present invention. Accordingly, it is needless to say that the invention in its broader aspect is not limited to the specific details and representative devices.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a camera equipped with the optical system according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • the camera 1 is a single-lens reflex digital camera equipped with the zoom lens system according to Example 1 as an image-taking lens 2 .
  • the camera 1 In the camera 1 , light emitted from an object (not shown) is converged by the image-taking lens 2 , and focused on a focusing screen 4 through a quick return mirror 3 .
  • the object image focused on the focusing screen 4 is reflected a plurality of times by a pentagonal roof prism 5 , and led to an eyepiece 6 . Therefore, a photographer can observe the object image as an erected image through the eyepiece 6 .
  • the quick return mirror 3 is removed from an optical path, and the light from the object (not shown) reaches an imaging device 7 . Accordingly, light from the object is captured by the imaging device 7 and stored in a memory (not shown) as the object image. In this manner, the photographer can take a picture of the object by the camera 1 .
  • the optical system according to Example 1 of the present embodiment attached to the camera 1 as an image-taking lens 2 makes it possible to realize excellent optical performance with sufficiently correcting spherical aberration and curvature of field by means of the specific lens configuration. Accordingly, the camera 1 makes it possible to realize excellent optical performance with sufficiently correcting spherical aberration and curvature of field.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
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EP2328008A3 (de) 2012-10-17

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