US20090301016A1 - Vapor barrier for use in buildings - Google Patents

Vapor barrier for use in buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090301016A1
US20090301016A1 US11/721,419 US72141905A US2009301016A1 US 20090301016 A1 US20090301016 A1 US 20090301016A1 US 72141905 A US72141905 A US 72141905A US 2009301016 A1 US2009301016 A1 US 2009301016A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vapor barrier
barrier according
vapor
rafters
factor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/721,419
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English (en)
Inventor
Jorn Schroer
Norbert Klingelhage
Heinz Peter Raidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ewald Doerken AG
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Ewald Doerken AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ewald Doerken AG filed Critical Ewald Doerken AG
Assigned to EWALD DORKEN AG reassignment EWALD DORKEN AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KLINGELHAGE, NORBERT, RAIDT, HEINZ PETER, SCHROER, JORN
Publication of US20090301016A1 publication Critical patent/US20090301016A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vapor barrier for use in buildings, in particular for the use in facades and/or in the rehabilitation of building roofs.
  • Vapor barriers of the initially mentioned type especially in the new construction of steep-pitched roofs on the inside of the roof construction, which includes the rafters, a heat-insulating layer preferably arranged between the rafters, a roof underlay arranged on the outer surfaces of the rafters, and a roof covering arranged thereon, are arranged on the inside surfaces of the rafters and on the heat-insulating layer arranged between the rafters.
  • the vapor barrier is for preventing moisture from being introduced into the roof construction from the interior all year round, since humidity can lead to the formation of detrimental condensate underneath the roof underlay which usually rests on the heat-insulating layer to achieve maximum heat insulation.
  • the vapor barrier is air-tight. Moreover, the vapor barrier has its water vapor diffusion resistance adapted, to avoid the formation of detrimental condensate on the outside, underneath the roof underlay, which, among other things, can result in the heat-insulating layer being damaged.
  • vapor barriers of the initially mentioned type can be installed in a simple manner as a large surface area on the undersides of the rafters forming the steep-pitched roof, and bonded in an air-tight manner at the edges and in the overlapping area.
  • it usually makes sense to also renew the heat-insulation, the roof underlay and the vapor barrier, since the buildings to be rehabilitated usually no longer fulfill the current building regulations.
  • the buildings to be rehabilitated usually no longer fulfill the current building regulations.
  • the vapor barrier without gaps, and therefore in an air-tight manner, it must be wrapped round the outside of the rafters in a looped fashion after removing the roof covering and any existing old heat insulation between the rafters, since it is not possible to achieve a reliable air-tight fit of the individual vapor barrier webs on the sides of the rafters.
  • the vapor barrier When the vapor barrier is wrapped round the outside of the rafters in a looped fashion, as seen in cross-section, it is arranged so that it extends on the side surface of the rafter until it reaches the back of the interior cladding to be preserved, then in contact with the latter until it reaches the next rafter, and then upwards round the outside of the rafter and down again until it reaches the next rafter space.
  • the vapor barrier must be as permeable to diffusion as possible, at least in the area on the top surface of the rafters.
  • Such a vapor barrier which is permeable to diffusion would result, however, in the overall diffusion resistance being too low due to the usually present inside cladding of stucco-covered wood wool lightweight building board or slatted ceilings in the area of the rafter space, i.e. in the area between the rafters, which would allow detrimental condensate to form in the area of the heat insulation or underneath the roof underlay.
  • a vapor barrier is known from the state of the art according to EP 0 821 755 having an s d factor which varies in response to water absorption and water dissipation.
  • the molecular structure changes so that the s d factor is lowered to a value of at most 0.2 m of equivalent air layer thickness.
  • the amount of condensate water underneath the vapor barrier will then be able to disappear to the outside in the course of time and when heated from the outside through the meanwhile vapor-permeable foil.
  • This moisture-adaptive vapor barrier has a drawback, however, in that due to its function the timber moisture may exceed the critical value of 18%, where mould growth is to be expected over a certain amount of time.
  • the polyamide raw material necessary for the manufacture of such vapor barriers, and equivalent raw materials having the requisite properties are particularly expensive. For example, 60 g/m 2 of expensive polyamide 6 must be used for the manufacture of a vapor barrier with the values indicated in EP 0 821 755.
  • the moisture-adaptive vapor barrier takes up or gives off moisture
  • the vapor barrier undergoes considerable width and length variations which, depending on the condition of the vapor barrier during installation, leads to crinkling with possible leaks in the area of overlaps and seams, or to shrinking of the vapor barrier, wherein the latter may be destroyed in the extreme case, in particular when the vapor barrier is combined with an incompressible heat insulation.
  • the shrinking of the vapor barrier when a compressible heat insulation is used, in any case, however, leads to the formation of heat leaks due to the formation of hollow gaps in which air can circulate.
  • the moisture-adaptive vapor barrier cannot be used in areas above rooms with constant high air humidity, since the diffusion resistance adjusted at the vapor barrier would constantly be too low.
  • Another rehabilitation solution is disclosed by DE 201 20 812. It provides for individual strips of a vapor barrier to be installed in parallel to the rafters, wherein diffusion-permeable and diffusion-tight vapor barriers alternate in such a way that the diffusion-permeable strips rest on the rafter and surround it, and the diffusion-tight strips are arranged between the rafters and rest on the interior cladding. Adhesive tape is used to form the air-tight bond.
  • a particular drawback with this solution lies in the difficult installation and the overall higher installation effort as against an integral vapor barrier.
  • the diffusion-tight strips always have to be sized to the existing rafter spaces which can vary widely, in particular in old buildings.
  • Vapor barriers for the rehabilitation of old roofs are also commercially available having a constant s d factor of at least 2 m. They are a compromise between the requisite water vapor impermeability in the space between rafters and the water vapor permeability in the area of the rafters, and can be easily installed.
  • An s d factor of at least 2 m is indicated as the absolute minimum in the state of the art in order to avoid the formation of condensate on the underside of the roof underlay.
  • the present invention solves this problem with a vapor barrier having the features of claim 1 .
  • Advantageous embodiments of the vapor barrier are defined in dependent claims 2 to 13 .
  • the vapor barrier according to the present invention is characterized by a water vapor diffusion resistance (s d factor) of between 0.4 and 1.9 m of diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness. All s d factors cited in the context of the present application refer to the DIN 52615 applicable for its determination (attendant conditions: 23° C., o/85% relative moisture).
  • the vapor barrier according to the present invention therefore allows the easy rehabilitation of steep-pitched roofs, wherein the vapor barrier is wrapped in an easy manner around the rafters in a loop and laid across the space between rafters.
  • the vapor barrier according to the present invention is not limited, however, to the use in the case of a roof rehabilitation but can also be used for the rehabilitation of half-timbered structures or also for the new construction of steep-pitched roofs or for wooden post-and-beam structures for exterior walls, wherein the advantage lies in that humidity or new building humidity introduced in the half-timbered structure, and new building humidity in the steep-pitched roof dries more quickly.
  • the vapor barrier according to the present invention can be manufactured in a particularly cost-effective way and therefore contributes to the reduction of the overall rehabilitation cost when it is used as a rehabilitation vapor barrier.
  • the vapor barrier has a constant s d factor in the range between 0.6 and 1,7 m, advantageously in the range between 0.8 and 1.6 m, in particular in the range between 1 and 1.5 m. In the case where the vapor barrier is used for rehabilitation, this range ensures sufficient water vapor permeability in the area of the rafters in a particularly reliable manner, so that it is ensured that the timber moisture never exceeds the critical value of 18%.
  • the diffusion resistance of the vapor barrier in the area of the space between rafters is sufficiently high to avoid the formation of condensate within the roof structure, in particular on the underside of a roof underlay to be arranged on a steep-pitched roof.
  • the vapor barrier can be manufactured from any suitable material and can have one layer or may be multi-layer.
  • the vapor barrier may also be formed by a combination of a reinforcing layer with the functional layer to improve the mechanical properties of the vapor barrier.
  • the s d factor of the vapor barrier primarily depends on the material used to manufacture it.
  • the s d factor can also be adjusted, for example, by the use of additives, such as suitable fillers or fibers, by certain manufacturing methods, such as partial stretching, or by adjusting a suitable porosity in a simple manner.
  • the materials can be special paper materials, modified papers, or the like.
  • the necessary porosity can also be provided by purely fibrous products which can be double-calendared, if necessary.
  • the vapor barrier comprises a plastic foil which can be particularly easily and cheaply manufactured.
  • the vapor barrier modified in this manner may, for example, be extruded or manufactured by extrusion coating.
  • the vapor barrier may also be manufactured by adhesively gluing individual layers, by the brush application of pastes, for example, by roller coating, spraying or calendaring.
  • the plastic materials may be materials which enable the vapor barrier to be manufactured with the features according to the present invention.
  • Polyethylene copolymers, polycarbonates or polyvinyl chlorides are suitable, for example.
  • the plastic foil is manufactured of modified polyethylene, particularly advantageously of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, in an extrusion process. These materials enable the vapor barrier which, at the same time, is particularly rugged with respect to external influences, to be manufactured in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • the vapor barrier according to the present invention which may be supplied in the form of foil, sheet, textile, non-woven material or the like, can be installed with particular ease.
  • This feature is additionally improved according to an advantageous embodiment in such a way that the vapor barrier is flexible, foldable and/or rollable.
  • An attendant improvement in the installation of the vapor barrier is provided according to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, wherein the vapor barrier is partially self-adhesive, in particular comprises a self-adhesive edge area. This particularly facilitates bonding on the rafters or an existing interior cladding in the case where the vapor barrier is used for rehabilitation. Also, bonding of adjacent vapor barriers can be considerably facilitated in the overlapping areas.
  • the vapor barrier can be advantageously provided with reinforcements, in particular formed by a grid, a textile, a laying, knitwear and/or a non-woven structure.
  • the reinforcement can also be formed by fibers or filaments embedded in the vapor barrier.
  • the reinforcement is for additionally improving the tear resistance or tear propagation resistance of the vapor barrier and also obviates damage due to punctures.
  • the reinforcement is embedded in the vapor barrier.
  • the vapor barrier can also be applied to a carrier layer, which is advantageously a textile, a tufted material or a thermally reinforced non-woven material.
  • a carrier layer which is advantageously a textile, a tufted material or a thermally reinforced non-woven material.
  • the latter may also fulfill functional properties and so additionally improve the applicability of the vapor barrier.
  • the vapor barrier is advantageously manufactured by extruding the plastic foil onto the selected carrier layer.
  • the vapor barrier comprises additives, such as for determining its color, its fire behavior and/or its resistance to ageing.
  • additives such as for determining its color, its fire behavior and/or its resistance to ageing.
  • suitable stabilizers e.g. UV or thermal stabilizers
  • colorants and color pigments e.g., flame retardants and other fillers or filling fibers
  • flame retardants and other fillers or filling fibers may be used.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roof structure on which a vapor barrier extends across two rafters and the adjacent space between rafters, and
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof structure of FIG. 1 , wherein the insulation is installed and the roof underlay arranged on it.
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a cross-section of a roof structure 1 with two neighboring rafters 2 and a space between rafters 2 .
  • an interior cladding 4 with a decorative layer 5 applied to it is arranged on rafters 2 , wherein interior cladding 4 is directly adjacent to rafters 2 .
  • a vapor barrier 3 is wrapped round the outside and lateral surfaces of rafters 2 in a loop and extends in the area of the space between rafters on the exterior surface of interior cladding 4 .
  • Vapor barrier 3 is an extruded foil having a weight per unit area of 52 g/m 2 according to the following formula: 89% of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer with a percentage of 28% vinyl acetate, 4% carbon pigment batch on the basis of LDPE with a percentage of 50% carbon and 7% flame retardant batch on the basis of LDPE with 70% active substance (a mixture of chloro-paraffins and antimony trioxide).
  • vapor barrier 3 is installed after removing the roof covering (not shown) and any existing insulation.
  • vapor barrier 3 is installed in such a way that existing interior cladding 4 is not destroyed.
  • an insulation 7 is inserted in the space between the rafters, and a roof underlay 6 is applied on the outside of the rafters, on which the roof covering (not shown) can then be installed.
  • Vapor barrier 3 shown here has an s d factor of 1.25 m, which ensures that the timber moisture due to water vapor diffusion in the area of rafters 2 does not exceed 18% at any time wherein, at the same time, condensate is not formed in the area of heat insulation 7 , which could lead to a considerable reduction of the insulating performance of heat insulation 7 .
  • the vapor barrier can be manufactured by a coating with a weight per unit area of 21 g/m 2 , namely by partially adhesively gluing a previously extruded foil on a carrier web.
  • vapor barrier according to the present invention Four further embodiments of the vapor barrier according to the present invention are shown below in table 1 wherein the water vapor permeability, the weight per unit area and the s d factor (according to DIN 52615, 23° C., o/85% relative humidity) are shown.
  • These vapor barriers can be manufactured by extrusion coating with a thermally point-reinforced polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven (weight per unit area of 40 g/m 2 ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
US11/721,419 2004-12-10 2005-11-15 Vapor barrier for use in buildings Abandoned US20090301016A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004059812.9 2004-12-10
DE102004059812A DE102004059812A1 (de) 2004-12-10 2004-12-10 Dampfbremse zum Einsatz in Gebäuden
PCT/EP2005/012246 WO2006061088A1 (de) 2004-12-10 2005-11-15 Dampfbremse zum einsatz in gebäuden

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090301016A1 true US20090301016A1 (en) 2009-12-10

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ID=35722396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/721,419 Abandoned US20090301016A1 (en) 2004-12-10 2005-11-15 Vapor barrier for use in buildings

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20090301016A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1825072B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE497067T1 (de)
DE (2) DE102004059812A1 (de)
EA (1) EA010560B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1825072T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2006061088A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120055110A1 (en) * 2009-03-28 2012-03-08 Ewald Doerken Ag Method for Producing a Functional Layer of a Building Shell, and Building Shell and Functional Layer
US20120302698A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2012-11-29 Saint-Gobain Isover Moisture-adaptive vapor barrier, in particular for heat insulating buildings and method for producing the vapor barrier
JP2014524525A (ja) * 2011-08-02 2014-09-22 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． 建築物の内部に面して配置される水蒸気制御材
US9909307B2 (en) * 2015-04-23 2018-03-06 Hughes General Contractors Joint-free concrete
US10352044B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
US10870981B1 (en) * 2017-10-04 2020-12-22 Soprema Thermally insulated roofing device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2921945A1 (fr) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-10 Mireille Barthalais Panneau de toiture destine a des habitations en montagne
DE102010026155A1 (de) 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Lhb Gmbh & Co Beschichtungs Kg Dampfbremse
CZ25263U1 (cs) * 2013-01-17 2013-04-22 Liko-S, A. S. Obvodový plást budov
FR3072698B1 (fr) * 2017-10-19 2019-10-25 Saint-Gobain Isover Isolation de toit plat ainsi que systeme pour l'isolation thermique de toits plats

Citations (11)

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US4946732A (en) * 1987-09-15 1990-08-07 Venture Tape Corp. Insulation with tape adhering surface
US5750225A (en) * 1995-05-26 1998-05-12 Compac Corporation Laminated vapor barrier
US6468615B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-10-22 Johns Manville International, Inc. Pre-cut fibrous insulation blanket
US20030114055A1 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-06-19 Vytech Industries, Incorporated Composite vapor barriers for use as safety nets in buildings
US20030215609A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Candid Burkart Damp-proofing with wind-proofing for buildings
US20050214496A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2005-09-29 Lionel Borenstein Self-adhering vapor permeable air and moisture barrier membrane
US20060003652A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2006-01-05 Denis Faucher Waterproofing membrane and methods of use
US20070015424A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2007-01-18 Certainteed Corporation Building material having adaptive vapor retarder
US20070017590A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2007-01-25 Staffan Tigerfeldt Insulation system for technical installations
US20070093155A1 (en) * 2003-10-22 2007-04-26 Saint-Gobain Isover "Vapor retarder with shielding against electromagnetic fields"
US20080145681A1 (en) * 2003-11-06 2008-06-19 Toas Murray S Reinforced Humidity Adaptive Vapor Retarding Film and Method of Manufacture

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DE3914041C1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-07-12 Paul Bauder Gmbh & Co, 7000 Stuttgart, De Under-trussing web used in roof constructions - has hydrophilic nonwoven laid on bottom of web and having carrier coated with bitumen on both sides
CH678871A5 (de) * 1989-05-25 1991-11-15 Huber+Suhner Ag
DE19514420C1 (de) * 1995-04-19 1997-03-06 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Dampfbremse für den Einsatz zur Wärmedämmung von Gebäuden
DE20006112U1 (de) * 2000-04-03 2000-07-06 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll-Gmbh, 45966 Gladbeck Gebäudewand
NZ528294A (en) * 2001-03-08 2004-03-26 Biolog Insel Lothar Moll Gmbh Use of ionomers for the sealing of insulating materials
WO2003047850A1 (de) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-12 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Mehrlagige folie für den baubereich und verwendungen dieser folie
DE20120812U1 (de) * 2001-12-21 2003-04-30 Ewald Dörken AG, 58313 Herdecke Dachabdichtung
DE10239985B4 (de) * 2002-08-27 2006-03-30 Ökologische Bausysteme B.I. Moll GmbH & Co. KG Für die Bautechnik geeignete Abdichtungsbänder

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4946732A (en) * 1987-09-15 1990-08-07 Venture Tape Corp. Insulation with tape adhering surface
US5750225A (en) * 1995-05-26 1998-05-12 Compac Corporation Laminated vapor barrier
US6468615B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-10-22 Johns Manville International, Inc. Pre-cut fibrous insulation blanket
US20060003652A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2006-01-05 Denis Faucher Waterproofing membrane and methods of use
US20030114055A1 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-06-19 Vytech Industries, Incorporated Composite vapor barriers for use as safety nets in buildings
US20030215609A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Candid Burkart Damp-proofing with wind-proofing for buildings
US20050214496A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2005-09-29 Lionel Borenstein Self-adhering vapor permeable air and moisture barrier membrane
US20070017590A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2007-01-25 Staffan Tigerfeldt Insulation system for technical installations
US20070093155A1 (en) * 2003-10-22 2007-04-26 Saint-Gobain Isover "Vapor retarder with shielding against electromagnetic fields"
US20080145681A1 (en) * 2003-11-06 2008-06-19 Toas Murray S Reinforced Humidity Adaptive Vapor Retarding Film and Method of Manufacture
US20070015424A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2007-01-18 Certainteed Corporation Building material having adaptive vapor retarder

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120055110A1 (en) * 2009-03-28 2012-03-08 Ewald Doerken Ag Method for Producing a Functional Layer of a Building Shell, and Building Shell and Functional Layer
US8733054B2 (en) * 2009-03-28 2014-05-27 Ewald Doerken Ag Method for producing a functional layer of a building shell, and building shell and functional layer
US8763338B2 (en) * 2009-03-28 2014-07-01 Ewald Dörken Ag Method for producing a functional layer of a building shell, and building shell and functional layer
US20120302698A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2012-11-29 Saint-Gobain Isover Moisture-adaptive vapor barrier, in particular for heat insulating buildings and method for producing the vapor barrier
JP2014524525A (ja) * 2011-08-02 2014-09-22 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． 建築物の内部に面して配置される水蒸気制御材
US9909307B2 (en) * 2015-04-23 2018-03-06 Hughes General Contractors Joint-free concrete
US10352044B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
US10352043B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
US10870981B1 (en) * 2017-10-04 2020-12-22 Soprema Thermally insulated roofing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502005010923D1 (de) 2011-03-10
EA200701258A1 (ru) 2007-10-26
PL1825072T3 (pl) 2011-06-30
DE102004059812A1 (de) 2006-06-29
EP1825072B1 (de) 2011-01-26
ATE497067T1 (de) 2011-02-15
WO2006061088A1 (de) 2006-06-15
EA010560B1 (ru) 2008-10-30
EP1825072A1 (de) 2007-08-29

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AS Assignment

Owner name: EWALD DORKEN AG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHROER, JORN;KLINGELHAGE, NORBERT;RAIDT, HEINZ PETER;REEL/FRAME:020090/0475

Effective date: 20070612

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION