US20120201701A1 - Centrifugal compressor having variable geometry diffuser and method thereof - Google Patents

Centrifugal compressor having variable geometry diffuser and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120201701A1
US20120201701A1 US13/364,516 US201213364516A US2012201701A1 US 20120201701 A1 US20120201701 A1 US 20120201701A1 US 201213364516 A US201213364516 A US 201213364516A US 2012201701 A1 US2012201701 A1 US 2012201701A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
worm
ring
step motor
diffuser
centrifugal compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/364,516
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English (en)
Inventor
Claus Smits HANSEN
Joergen LYQUIST
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Hansen, Claus Smits, Lyquist, Joergen
Publication of US20120201701A1 publication Critical patent/US20120201701A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/52—Outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to centrifugal compressors and, in particular, to centrifugal compressors having variable geometry vane-type diffusers.
  • Variable geometry diffusers for centrifugal compressors have been considered in the past to provide a wide operating range.
  • Variable geometry is achieved by pivoting the diffuser vanes to match the exit angle of the flow from the impeller and by adjusting the mechanical diffuser throat area. These adjustments make it possible to increase compressor efficiency, for example, by permitting greater flow under choke conditions while reducing the flow at which surge occurs.
  • each diffuser vane is mounted on a respective crank shaft and these crank shafts are supported on a ring.
  • the ring is actuated by a crank shaft that is coupled to a linear actuator via an arm.
  • the actuator When the actuator is activated, the crank shaft is rotated, which rotates the ring.
  • the ring In turn, rotates the individual crank shafts on which the respective diffuser vanes are mounted.
  • the disadvantage of the above arrangement is that it employs a linear actuator which makes it difficult to accurately control the diffuser vane position.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the accuracy in controlling variable diffuser vanes in a centrifugal compressor.
  • the underlying idea of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for accurately regulating volume flow through a centrifugal compressor by controlling the position of diffuser vanes by means of a step motor and a worm drive.
  • the use of a step motor advantageously allows the position of the diffuser vanes to be controlled more accurately with easy feedback to the compressor control system, thus obviating the above-mentioned difficulties with the above-mentioned state of the art involving linear actuators and crank-shafts.
  • the purpose of the worm drive is to transmit rotational torque from the step motor to the ring, and in turn, to the diffuser shafts to which the diffuser vanes are mounted. The arrangement proposed ensures that the diffuser geometry is compact.
  • each shaft is coupled to the ring by a radial arm that transmits rotational torque from the ring to the respective shaft, and resultantly, to the respective diffuser vane mounted thereon. In this way, angular displacement of the ring is translated into angular displacement of the shafts, to control the positions of the diffuser vanes mounted thereon.
  • a plurality of first bearings are provided along the circumference of the ring, wherein each radial arm are flexibly coupled to a respective first bearing by means of a slot provided on the respective arm. This gives an easy link between the radial arm and the bearing, which also gives a minimum play on the diffuser vanes.
  • the step motor is coupled to the worm by means of a flexible coupling.
  • the Flexible coupling allows the step motor and worm gear to have a relative displacement.
  • the compressor includes a volute casing, wherein the ring is supported on the volute casing by means a plurality of second bearings disposed circumferentially around the volute casing.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a rear end view of a centrifugal compressor showing variable diffuser vanes
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a front end view of the centrifugal compressor showing the worm drive and the step motor
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the compressor along the section in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 1 a rear end view of a centrifugal compressor 1 .
  • the compressor 1 receives a gas axially through an inlet 2 .
  • the gas flowing through the inlet 2 is accelerated by an impeller mounted on a rotor (not shown for clarity), which increases the kinetic energy of the gas.
  • the kinetic energy of the gas is then converted into a pressure increase by means of diffuser vanes 5 disposed downstream of the impellers.
  • the impellers and the diffuser vanes are housed in a volute casing 4 , which directs the gas flowing out of the diffuser tangentially toward a compressor outlet 3 .
  • the diffuser vanes 5 are arranged in a circumferentially spaced array about a machine axis 9 . To provide a wide operating range, the position of the diffuser vanes 5 is variable between a maximum and a minimum volumetric flow setting. Variable geometry is achieved by pivoting the diffuser vanes 5 to match the exit angle of the flow from the impeller and by adjusting the mechanical diffuser throat area. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the diffuser vanes 5 is mounted on a respective shaft 10 .
  • the shafts 10 also referred to herein as diffuser shafts 10 , are rotatable to move the diffuser vanes 5 along a direction 6 to provide increased volumetric flow-rate and along a direction 7 to provide decreased volumetric flow-rate.
  • the proposed diffuser assembly includes a ring 8 that is rotatable about the axis 9 . That is, the ring 8 is capable of angular displacement about the axis 9 .
  • Each of the diffuser shafts 10 is coupled to the ring 8 in a manner such that rotation (i.e., angular displacement) of the ring 8 causes rotation (i.e., angular displacement) of the shafts 10 .
  • each diffuser shaft 10 is coupled to the ring 8 by means of a radial aim 17 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view along the section in FIG. 2 .
  • the radial arm 17 is rigidly fixed on one end to the diffuser shaft 10 by means of a screw 19 and a washer 20 .
  • the other end of the radial arm 17 includes a slot 18 , which fits on to a bearing 22 disposed on the ring 8 .
  • bearings 22 are disposed circumferentially spaced apart on the ring 8 on each of which a respective radial arm 17 is flexible coupled by the respective slots 18 .
  • each diffuser shaft 10 is rigidly coupled to a diffuser vane 5 by means of a screw 23 , such that the rotation (i.e., angular displacement) of the shaft 10 in either direction results in a change in position of the respective diffuser vane 5 as indicated by the directional arrows 6 and 7 in FIG. 1 .
  • the ring 8 is actuated by means of a step motor 14 and a worm drive 11 , 12 that transmits rotational torque from the step motor 14 to the ring 8 .
  • the worm drive includes a worm 11 that meshes with a worm gear 12 rigidly mounted along the circumference of the ring 8 , for example by means of a screw.
  • the worm gear 12 includes only segment of a worm gear mounted along only a portion of the circumference of the ring 8 . The segment should be of sufficient arc-length so as to accommodate the entire range of angular displacement of the worm 11 . This arrangement provides a compact assembly.
  • the worm gear 14 may be mounted along the entire circumference of the ring 8 . In the illustrated embodiment, for fifteen diffuser vanes, a gear ratio of 218:1 may be chosen for the worm drive.
  • the worm 11 is rotatable about a worm axis 13 that is perpendicular to the machine axis 9 .
  • the worm 11 is supported on the volute casing 4 by bearings 16 a and 16 b and is coupled to the step motor 14 by means of a flexible coupling 15 .
  • the step motor 14 is capable of dividing rotational motion into a sufficiently large number of discrete angular displacements. In the illustrated example, the step motor is combined with a gear which has a gear ratio of 30:1.
  • the worm drive 11 , 12 transmits rotational torque from the step motor 14 to the ring 9 .
  • the ring 8 is axially and radially supported on the volute casing 4 by means of a plurality of bearing assemblies 24 a, 24 b, 24 c disposed circumferentially around the volute casing 4 .
  • the rotation, i.e., angular displacement of the step motor 14 results in rotation, i.e., discrete angular displacement of the ring 8 .
  • the radial arms 17 transmit rotational torque from the ring 9 to the diffuser shafts 10 , to resultantly vary the angular positions of the diffuser vanes 5 mounted thereon, as clearly shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a step motor 14 allows the angular position of the diffuser vanes 5 to be controlled more accurately and positioned by the compressor control system, which therefore knows the exact position of the diffuser vanes. Further advantageously, the angular position of the diffuser vanes 5 may be precisely controlled without any feedback mechanism as long as the step motor is carefully sized to the application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US13/364,516 2011-02-04 2012-02-02 Centrifugal compressor having variable geometry diffuser and method thereof Abandoned US20120201701A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11153299.0A EP2484916B1 (en) 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Centrifugal compressor having variable geometry diffuser and method thereof
EPEP11153299 2011-02-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120201701A1 true US20120201701A1 (en) 2012-08-09

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US13/364,516 Abandoned US20120201701A1 (en) 2011-02-04 2012-02-02 Centrifugal compressor having variable geometry diffuser and method thereof

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20120201701A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2484916B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN102628453A (pl)
PL (1) PL2484916T3 (pl)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9897092B2 (en) 2012-12-28 2018-02-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Compressor and turbo chiller
US10006356B2 (en) 2015-02-23 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Exhaust gas-turbocharged internal combustion engine comprising a radial compressor with guide device arranged in the diffuser, and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type
KR20180079641A (ko) * 2017-01-02 2018-07-11 한화파워시스템 주식회사 유량 조절이 가능한 디퓨저
CN113944654A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-01-18 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种宽流量蜗壳结构

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014205816A1 (en) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Guide vane actuator of a compressor and a compressor using it
CN104653479B (zh) * 2013-11-22 2017-05-10 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 离心式压缩机及具有其的冷水机组
CN104895839A (zh) * 2015-04-22 2015-09-09 南京航空航天大学 前后半段可调的轴流压气机静子叶片系统及其工作方法
CN107965387A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-27 沈阳航天三菱汽车发动机制造有限公司 一种增压器进气调节装置及控制方法
US20190178255A1 (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-13 Honeywell International Inc. Vapor cycle compressor with variable inlet/outlet geometry
EP3521628A1 (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-07 Honeywell International Inc. Vapor cycle centrifugal compressor with variable return channel vanes
US10883379B2 (en) * 2018-05-11 2021-01-05 Rolls-Royce Corporation Variable diffuser having a respective penny for each vane
CN115199587A (zh) * 2022-09-07 2022-10-18 中国核动力研究设计院 用于压缩机的扩压器和压缩机

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020176774A1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2002-11-28 Zinsmeyer Thomas M. Rotating vane diffuser for a centrifugal compressor
US20060008366A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Kingsford Kenji A Precision dispense pump
US20070172348A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Adjustable guide device
DE102007055224A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Ladeeinrichtung
DE102008051980A1 (de) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Daimler Ag Luftversorgungsvorrichtung für eine Brennstoffzelle

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US2441427A (en) * 1945-10-22 1948-05-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Spin vane control for fans
GB2354553B (en) * 1999-09-23 2004-02-04 Turbo Genset Company Ltd The Electric turbocharging system
US8156757B2 (en) * 2006-10-06 2012-04-17 Aff-Mcquay Inc. High capacity chiller compressor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020176774A1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2002-11-28 Zinsmeyer Thomas M. Rotating vane diffuser for a centrifugal compressor
US20060008366A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Kingsford Kenji A Precision dispense pump
US20070172348A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Adjustable guide device
DE102007055224A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Ladeeinrichtung
DE102008051980A1 (de) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Daimler Ag Luftversorgungsvorrichtung für eine Brennstoffzelle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9897092B2 (en) 2012-12-28 2018-02-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Compressor and turbo chiller
US10006356B2 (en) 2015-02-23 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Exhaust gas-turbocharged internal combustion engine comprising a radial compressor with guide device arranged in the diffuser, and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type
KR20180079641A (ko) * 2017-01-02 2018-07-11 한화파워시스템 주식회사 유량 조절이 가능한 디퓨저
KR102693389B1 (ko) 2017-01-02 2024-08-08 한화파워시스템 주식회사 유량 조절이 가능한 디퓨저
CN113944654A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-01-18 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种宽流量蜗壳结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2484916A1 (en) 2012-08-08
CN102628453A (zh) 2012-08-08
EP2484916B1 (en) 2013-09-18
PL2484916T3 (pl) 2014-02-28

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HANSEN, CLAUS SMITS;LYQUIST, JOERGEN;REEL/FRAME:027640/0741

Effective date: 20120112

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION