Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J7/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms
  • C07J7/008—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms substituted in position 21
  • C07J7/009—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms substituted in position 21 by only one oxygen atom doubly bound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J71/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring
  • C07J71/0005—Oxygen-containing hetero ring
  • C07J71/001—Oxiranes
  • C07J71/0015—Oxiranes at position 9(11)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J5/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond
  • C07J5/0007—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa
  • C07J5/0023—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J5/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond
  • C07J5/0007—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa
  • C07J5/0023—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16
  • C07J5/003—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16 by a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group including 16-alkylidene substitutes
  • C07J5/0038—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond not substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16 by a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group including 16-alkylidene substitutes by an alkyl group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J5/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond
  • C07J5/0046—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond substituted in position 17 alfa
  • C07J5/0061—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16
  • C07J5/0069—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16 by a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group
  • C07J5/0076—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond substituted in position 17 alfa substituted in position 16 by a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group by an alkyl group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J7/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms
  • C07J7/008—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms substituted in position 21
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J75/00—Processes for the preparation of steroids in general

Definitions

• the present invention is directed to a novel process for the preparation of 17-desoxy-corticosteroids.
• corticosteroids are a particular type of steroids having the basic carbon skeletal formula which contains 21 carbon atoms in 4 rings, A thru D.
• Corticosteroids are known to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties useful in the treatment of numerous diseases, including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
• a large number of 21-hydroxy-20-oxo-17-desoxy-pregnane compounds are known as therapeutically valuable substances with the action of natural corticoids, i.e. of adrenocortical hormones, or they can be used as intermediates for obtaining such active substances. These compounds have principally been obtained by removing the hydroxyl group in carbon 17. The removal of the hydroxyl group is normally carried out in several steps, usually by a direct or indirect exchange of the hydroxyl group for an hydrogen atom. Numazawa et al. (J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1984 and Chem. Pharm. Bull., v.34(9), pp.
• the present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivatives in a single chemical step.
• the present invention is specifically advantageous in preparing 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivatives having one or more halogen groups at positions 2, 6, 7 and 9 of the corticosteroid.
• the present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of Diflucortolone, Desoximetasone, Clocortolone, Fluocortolone, 7 ⁇ -Chloro-11 ⁇ ,21-dihydroxy-16 ⁇ -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione and 2-Bromo-6 ⁇ ,9-difluoro-11,21-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione.
• the process of the present invention provides high region-selectivity of hydroxyl removal at position 17 of the corticosteroid while one or more halogen groups at positions 2, 6, 7 and 9 remain intact.
• the region-selectivity of the process enables the use of this process for facile preparation of biologically active 17-desoxy corticosteroids having one or more halogen groups at positions 2, 6, 7 and 9.
• the present invention relates to the preparation of a corticosteroid derivative having the general Formula I:
• R 1 is OH and R 2 is H, or R 1 and R 2 form together a double bond with O
• R 3 is H and R 4 is CH 3
• R 3 is CH 3 and R 4 is H
• at least one of X 1-5 is independently Cl, Br or F.
• the preparation process of the present invention comprises reacting the corticosteroid derivative of general Formula II
• R 1 -R 4 and X 1 -X 5 are as defined above with an excess of Trimethylsilyl Iodide in the presence of an aprotic solvent to yield the 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivative of Formula I.
• the process of the present invention does not have the drawback referred to the known processes since it provides 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivatives in a single chemical step.
• the process of the present invention does not require the protection of the halogen groups which are present in the starting material against undesired reactions with the Trimethylsilyl Iodide reagent.
• the process of the present invention employs easy to handle reagents and the reaction proceeds with high yield of the 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivative.
• Particular halogen groups which are present in the starting material are fluorine, bromine or chlorine atoms in one or more of positions 2, 6, 7 and 9 of the corticosteroid.
• 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivatives refers to corticosteroid derivatives having no hydroxyl group in the 17 position and having at least one halogen group at position 2, 6, 7 or 9 of the corticosteroid.
• the preparation of 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivatives involves reacting the starting material of Formula II with an excess of Trimethylsilyl Iodide in the presence of an aprotic solvent.
• the molar ratio between Trimethylsilyl Iodide and the 17-hydroxy starting material is between about 2:1 to about 10:1, preferably between about 2:1 to about 6:1.
• the aprotic solvent suitable for the reaction may be for example Acetonitrile, chlorinated solvents, or aromatic solvents, and is preferably methylene chloride or acetonitrile or a combination thereof.
• Minor amounts of a polar protic co-solvent such as water or C 1 -C 4 -alcohol may be added to the reaction in order to enhance the reaction yield.
• a polar protic co-solvent such as water or C 1 -C 4 -alcohol
• between about 0.05% to about 1.0% (v/v) of the polar protic co-solvent may be added to the reaction, more preferably, between about 0.1% to about 0.5% (v/v) of the polar protic co-solvent may be added to the reaction.
• a preferred polar protic co-solvent which may be used is methanol or isopropyl alcohol.
• the 17-hydroxy starting materials of Formula II are known compounds which may be obtained commercially. These include for example Flumetasone, Dexametasone, Paramethasone, Betamethasone, 9-Chloro-6 ⁇ -fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16 ⁇ -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, Halopredone or Alclometasone.
• the reaction temperature employed for the reaction between Trimethylsilyl Iodide and the 17-hydroxy starting material is in the range from between about ⁇ 30° C. and about +30° C., more preferably in the range of between about ⁇ 20° C. and about +20° C.
• the reaction time is from about 15 minutes to about 3 hours, more preferably from about 15 minutes to about 2 hours.
• the reaction solution is preferably quenched with sodium thiosulfate or bisulfite.
• the 17-desoxy product is isolated using one of the common procedures known in the art, preferably using an organic solvent which is not miscible with water such as ethyl acetate or toluene.
• the reaction is completed by washing the organic layer, preferably with a solution of a weak inorganic base such as sodium bicarbonate and a saturated solution of salt such as sodium chloride and evaporating the solution to dryness to yield the 17-desoxy corticosteroid of the invention.
• a weak inorganic base such as sodium bicarbonate and a saturated solution of salt such as sodium chloride
• standard chemical procedures for isolation of the corticosteroid may be employed such as extraction or filtration.
• the present invention may preferably be used for the preparation of Diflucortolone, Desoximetasone, Clocortolone, Fluocortolone, 7 ⁇ -Chloro-11 ⁇ ,21-dihydroxy-16 ⁇ -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione and 2-Bromo-6 ⁇ ,9-difluoro-11,21-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. More preferably, the present invention is used for the preparation of Clocortolone and Desoximetasone. In a preferred embodiment, Clocortolone may be further converted to Clocortolone Pivalate by using methods known in the art.
• the present invention further relates to a method of preparing Clocortolone having the structure of Formula III,
• R 1 and R 2 are OC(O)—Rd; wherein each Rd may be the same or different and is independently selected from (C 1-4 ) alkyl, preferably CH 3 ;
• the compound of Formula III may be further reacted with Pyvaloyl Chloride in the presence of an organic base, preferably N,N-Dimethylaminopyridine, and an organic solvent, preferably methylene chloride, to form the compound of formula XI.
• an organic base preferably N,N-Dimethylaminopyridine
• an organic solvent preferably methylene chloride
• the present invention further relates to a method of preparing Diflucortolone having the structure of Formula XII
• R 1 and R 2 are OC(O)—Rd; wherein each Rd may be the same or different and is independently selected from (C 1-4 ) alkyl, preferably CH 3 ;
• the stereo-selective fluorinating agent to be used in the present invention is selected from fluoropyridinium compounds and fluoroquinuclidium compounds.
• the stereo-selective fluorinating agent is selected from the group consisting of 1-fluoropyridinium triflate, 1-fluoropyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and 1-fluoropyridinium pyridine heptafluorodiborate.
• Most preferred fluorinating agent is 1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclol[2.2.2]octane bis-(tetrafluoroborate) (Selectfluor®).
• the 17-hydroxy epoxide of Formula IV is preferably generated by reacting a compound having the formula VIII
• the acetylating agent is preferably acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride
• the weak base is preferably sodium acetate or potassium acetate
• the polar solvent is preferably dimethylacetamide or dimethylformamide.
• step (a) is conducted in the presence of a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile and dichloromethane, preferably with acetonitrile.
• the reaction is preferably conducted at room temperature.
• the present invention also relates to medicinal preparations in the form of dosage units that contain at least one of the 17-desoxy corticosteroid derivative according to the invention alone or in admixture with one or more adjuncts, especially medicinal preparations in solid or semi-solid form.
• Mass spectra were taken on a Finnigan LC/MS model LCQ DUO spectrometer using CI. Data were expressed in m/e units and with relative intensities given in percentage (%).
• IR spectra were recorded on Nicolet Avatar 360 FT-IR instrument using potassium bromide pellets. The absorption wavelength is expressed in cm ⁇ 1 .
• IR IR(KBr): 3440 (OH), 1720 (CO), 1671 (CO), 1627 (C ⁇ C), 1605 (C ⁇ ).
• the Hydrochloric acid solution (225 ml) was then diluted with 200 ml of water, stirred for 1 hour and filtered, followed by the addition of another 250 ml of water to the solution. After 1 hour the mixture was filtered to give 12 g of Desoximetasone (83%).
• Clocortolone (Formula I: R 1 is OH, R 3 is CH 3 , X 1 is C 1 , X 2 is F, all other R and X are H) was obtained from 9-Chloro-6 ⁇ -fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16 ⁇ -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (Formula II: R 1 is OH, R 3 is CH 3 , X 1 is C 1 , X 2 is F, all other R and X are H) by reacting with Trimethylsilyl Iodide in Acetonitrile as described in Example 1, except that the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 20° C. The yield relative to the starting material was 63%.
• Clocortolone was obtained as described in Example 4 using Acetonitrile that also contained 0.5% (v/v) of water. The yield relative to the starting material was 60%.
• Clocortolone was obtained as described in Example 4 using Acetonitrile that also contained 0.1% (v/v) of isopropyl alcohol. The yield relative to the starting material was 85%.
• Fluocortolone (Formula I: R 1 is OH, R 3 is CH 3 , X 2 is F, all other R and X are H) is obtained by reaction of Paramethasone (Formula II: R 1 is OH, R 3 is CH 3 , X 2 is F, all other X and R are H) with Trimethylsilyl Iodide in Acetonitrile as described in Example 1.
• Clocortolone was converted into the corresponding Clocortolone Pivalate by the reaction with Pivaloyl Chloride.
• 9 g (0.022 moles) of Clocortolone were diluted with 90 ml of Methylene Chloride and 13.38 g (0.11 moles) of N,N-Dimethylaminopyridine were added followed by 5.4 ml (0.044 moles) of Pyvaloyl Chloride.
• the mixture was stirred overnight and washed with diluted Hydrochloric acid and water.
• the organic solution was separated, dried with sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness.
• 8.5 g of Clocortolone Pivalate were obtained.
• the crude product was purified by crystallization from Methanol-Methylene Chloride mixture.
• Clocortolone was obtained from 9-Chloro-6 ⁇ -fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16 ⁇ -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione by reacting with Trimethylsilyl Iodide in Acetonitrile as described in Example 16, except that the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 20° C. The yield relative to the starting material was 63%.
• Clocortolone Pivalate 9 g (0.022 moles) of Clocortolone were dissolved in 90 ml of Methylene Chloride and 13.38 g (0.11 moles) of N,N-Dimethylaminopyridine were added followed by 5.4 ml (0.044 moles) of Pyvaloyl Chloride. The mixture was stirred overnight and washed with diluted Hydrochloric acid and water. The organic solution was separated, dried with sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. 8.5 g of Clocortolone Pivalate were obtained. The crude product was purified by crystallization from Methanol-Methylene Chloride mixture.

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• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-07-20 ES ES11809373.1T patent/ES2565194T3/es active Active
  • 2011-07-20 CA CA2805832A patent/CA2805832A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-07-20 WO PCT/IL2011/000580 patent/WO2012011106A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2011-07-20 EP EP11809373.1A patent/EP2596007B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-07-20 US US13/811,141 patent/US20130211069A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2013
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