US20150147566A1 - Coating of inner plate part of vehicle - Google Patents

Coating of inner plate part of vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150147566A1
US20150147566A1 US14/402,657 US201414402657A US2015147566A1 US 20150147566 A1 US20150147566 A1 US 20150147566A1 US 201414402657 A US201414402657 A US 201414402657A US 2015147566 A1 US2015147566 A1 US 2015147566A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
coating
reflectance
inner plate
equal
plate part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/402,657
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English (en)
Inventor
Sakura NAKANO
Masaaki Akamine
Kenta OKADA
Hiroshi Kubota
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Mazda Motor Corp
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Mazda Motor Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Mazda Motor Corp filed Critical Mazda Motor Corp
Assigned to MAZDA MOTOR CORPORATION reassignment MAZDA MOTOR CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Nakano, Sakura, AKAMINE, MASAAKI, KUBOTA, HIROSHI, OKADA, KENTA
Publication of US20150147566A1 publication Critical patent/US20150147566A1/en
Priority to US15/867,340 priority Critical patent/US20180127565A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
    • C09D5/4407—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications with polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C09D5/4415—Copolymers wherein one of the monomers is based on an epoxy resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/41—Organic pigments; Organic dyes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coating of an inner plate part of a vehicle.
  • the top coating has, e.g., a trilaminar structure of a metallic base coating, a color-clear coating, and a transparent clear coating.
  • Patent Document 1 relates to a multilayer sheet which is for molding and which is useful for automobile-related components etc., and describes that the multilayer sheet has designability with great appearance of depth. That is, in the multilayer sheet in which a colored layer is stacked on a metallic glossy layer, the lightness L* of light transmitting through the colored layer is 20 to 80, a gloss value of the metallic glossy layer is equal to or greater than 200, and the chroma C* of light specularly reflected at 45 degrees is equal to or greater than 150.
  • PATENT DOCUMENT 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-281415
  • Coatings of inner plate parts of vehicles have colors similar to those of coatings of outer plates of the vehicles.
  • a top coating is formed only of a base coating in order to reduce VOC emission and cost.
  • no clear coating is formed, and the base coating is exposed to the outside.
  • the coating is likely to be damaged.
  • an inner plate part of a pillar contacts a door-side (outer-plate-side) weather strip. Due to repetitive opening/closing of a door and vibration generated during traveling of a vehicle, it is likely that a coating surface of the pillar is abraded by the weather strip and that the surface worn by abrasion becomes noticeable.
  • a perylene-based pigment having favorable coloring properties of red is used for the coating, the coating is likely to be worn out, and an abrasion mark(s) is likely to be noticeable.
  • the present invention relates to a coating of an inner plate part, and aims to ensure the coloring properties of the coating and to enhance the strength of the coating.
  • a perylene-based pigment and an iron oxide-based pigment are together used for a coating of an inner plate part in order to accomplish the foregoing.
  • the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of a standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of +30 degrees is defined as “highlight reflectance”
  • a wavelength at which reflectance reaches the maximum value in a spectral reflectance curve is defined as a “peak wavelength” of the particular color
  • a wavelength range including the hue of a complementary color of the particular color and the hues of colors positioned respectively on both sides of the complementary color of the particular color in a Munsell hue circle divided into ten hues is defined as a “complementary wavelength range.”
  • a coating containing a perylene-based pigment is formed on an outer plate of the vehicle to produce the particular color.
  • the coating of the outer plate satisfies (R OH(P) /R OH(OA) ) ⁇ 74, where R OH(P) is the highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate at the peak wavelength, and R OH(OA) is the average highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate in the complementary wavelength range.
  • a coating of an inner plate part of the vehicle contains a perylene-based pigment and an iron oxide-based pigment which are contained as pigments for producing a particular color similar to that of the coating of the outer plate.
  • the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 10% and equal to or lower than 14% in units of PWC, and the mass ratio of the content of the iron oxide-based pigment to the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 3% and equal to or lower than 20%.
  • the coating of the outer plate satisfies (R OH(P) /R OH(OA) ) ⁇ 74. It means that the highlight reflectance R OH(P) at the peak wavelength of the particular color is higher than the average highlight reflectance R OH(OA) in the complementary wavelength range, and particularly higher than 70 times the average highlight reflectance R OH(OA) . Thus, high chroma at the highlight is achieved, and favorable appearance of denseness is exhibited.
  • the foregoing composition is employed for the coating of the inner plate part, high chroma at the highlight is achieved in the coating of the inner plate part as in the coating of the outer plate, and high strength of the coating of the inner plate part is also achieved.
  • a coating is worn out due to scraping of resin forming a matrix of the coating. The resin is less likely to be scraped because the iron oxide-based pigment harder than the perylene-based pigment and exposed at a coating surface produces resistance. Thus, the progress of wear-out may be delayed.
  • the outer plate is a member forming an outer surface of the vehicle.
  • the outer plate include a roof panel, a fender panel, and an openable member such as a front door, a rear door, and a bonnet.
  • the inner plate part indicates, e.g., an inner part of the openable member, a side-frame outer part such as part of a pillar covered by the openable member, an inner surface of an engine room, or an inner surface of a luggage room.
  • the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 10% and equal to or lower than 14% in units of PWC, favorable coloring properties are achieved, and high chroma at the highlight is achieved in the coating of the inner plate part as in the coating of the outer plate.
  • an iron oxide-based pigment of equal to or higher than 3% is contained in terms of the mass ratio of the content of the iron oxide-based pigment to the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part, high strength of the coating is achieved. Further, since such a mass ratio is equal to or lower than 20%, the chroma, which is achieved by the perylene-based pigment, at the highlight is not significantly lowered.
  • the coating of the inner plate part contains the pigments and a glittering material, and the ratio of the content of the perylene-based pigment to the total amount of the pigments and the glittering material in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 50% by mass. This is advantageous to ensuring the chroma at the highlight.
  • the mass ratio of the content of the iron oxide-based pigment to the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 5% and equal to or lower than 15%. This is advantageous to ensuring the chroma at the highlight and increasing the coating strength.
  • the average particle size of the iron oxide-based pigment is equal to or greater than 50 nm and equal to or less than 60 nm.
  • a smaller particle size of the iron oxide-based pigment results in better coloring properties, but results in lower dispersibility.
  • the average particle size of the iron oxide-based pigment is equal to or greater than 50 nm and equal to or less than 60 nm, favorable dispersibility is achieved without significantly lowering the coloring properties of the perylene-based pigment. This is advantageous to ensuring the coating strength.
  • the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ) the inner plate part to the outer plate at the peak wavelength is equal to or higher than 0.5 and equal to or lower than 1.0, where R IH(P) is the highlight reflectance of the coating of the inner plate part at the peak wavelength.
  • R IH(P) is the highlight reflectance of the coating of the inner plate part at the peak wavelength.
  • the average highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(OA) /R OH(OA) ) of the inner plate part to the outer plate in the complementary wavelength range is equal to or higher than 1.0 and equal to or lower than 6.0, where R IH(OA) is the average highlight reflectance of the coating of the inner plate part in the complementary wavelength range.
  • the face reflectance ratio (R IF(P) /R OF(P) ) of the inner plate part to the outer plate at the peak wavelength is equal to or higher than 0.7 and equal to or lower than 1.3, where the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of the standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of 0 degree is defined as “face reflectance,” R OF(P) is the face reflectance of the coating of the outer plate at the peak wavelength, and R IF(P) is the face reflectance of the coating of the inner plate part at the peak wavelength.
  • the shade reflectance ratio (R IS(P) /R OS(P) ) of the inner plate part to the outer plate at the peak wavelength is equal to or higher than 1.0 and equal to or lower than 2.0, where the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of the standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of ⁇ 30 degrees is defined as “shade reflectance,” R OS(P) is the shade reflectance of the coating of the outer plate at the peak wavelength, and R IS(P) is the shade reflectance of the coating of the inner plate part at the peak wavelength.
  • the lightness and the chroma similarly change between the outer plate and the inner plate part, resulting in a less sense of discomfort.
  • the amount of worn-out coating every 100 reciprocations is less than 1.8 ⁇ m when a sheet of abrasive paper having a mesh count of #1000 and having an area of 20 ⁇ 20 mm is used to perform an abrasion test of the coating of the inner plate part under the conditions where a load is 200 g, a moving distance per reciprocation is 240 mm, the number of reciprocations per minute is 30, and the total number of reciprocations is 300.
  • the coating of the outer plate contains the perylene-based pigment and satisfies (R OH(P) /R OH(OA) ) ⁇ 74, where R OH(P) is the highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate at the peak wavelength of the particular color, and R OH(OA) is the average highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate in the complementary wavelength range, the coating of the inner plate part contains the perylene-based pigment and the iron oxide-based pigment, the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 10% and equal to or lower than 14% in units of PWC, and the mass ratio of the content of the iron oxide-based pigment to the content of the perylene-based pigment in the coating of the inner plate part is equal to or higher than 3% and equal to or lower than 20%.
  • R OH(P) is the highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate at the peak wavelength of the particular color
  • R OH(OA) is the average highlight reflectance of the coating of the outer plate
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the structure of a multilayer coating of an outer plate.
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the state in which external light enters and transmits through a color-clear coating.
  • FIG. 2B is a graph illustrating an example of the spectral transmittance curve of the color-clear coating.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating light reflection at a glittering material of a metallic base coating.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating an example of the spectral reflectance curves of the metallic base coating.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the state in which light reflected off the metallic base coating transmits through the color-clear coating.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating an example of the spectral reflectance curves of the multilayer coating of the outer plate.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating ten basic hues in a Munsell hue circle.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the spectral highlight-reflectance curves of red-based samples.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the spectral face-reflectance curves of the red-based samples.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating the spectral shade-reflectance curves of the red-based samples.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a coating of an inner plate part.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the spectral highlight-reflectance curves of coatings of an outer plate and inner plate parts.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the spectral face-reflectance curves of the coatings of the outer plate and the inner plate parts.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the spectral shade-reflectance curves of the coatings of the outer plate and the inner plate parts.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the content of a perylene-based pigment of the coating of each inner plate part and a highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) .
  • FIG. 16 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the mass ratio of an iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment in the coating of each inner plate part and the amount of worn-out coating.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the mass ratio of the iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment in the coating of each inner plate part and the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ).
  • FIG. 18 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the content of the iron oxide-based pigment of the coating of each inner plate part and the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ).
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a multilayer coating 2 formed on an outer surface of an outer plate (steel plate) 1 .
  • the multilayer coating 2 is formed such that a metallic base coating (1BC) 4 , a color-clear coating (2BC) 5 , a transparent top clear coating 6 are stacked on each other in this order.
  • the metallic base coating 4 contains a glittering material 7 and a pigment 8
  • the color-clear coating 5 contains a pigment 8 .
  • An electrodeposited coating 3 is formed on the surface of the outer plate 1 by cation electrodeposition coating, and an intermediate coating 9 is formed on the electrodeposited coating 3 .
  • the multilayer coating 2 is, as a top coating, formed on the intermediate coating 9 .
  • the metallic base coating 4 and the color-clear coating 5 contains a perylene-based pigment as the red pigment 8
  • the metallic base coating 4 contains aluminum flakes as the glittering material 7 .
  • the multilayer coating 2 is used to achieve higher chroma and higher lightness at the highlight, to exhibit the appearance of denseness, and to exhibit the appearance of depth.
  • the coloring mechanism of a particular color (red) will be described.
  • FIG. 2A light having transmitted through the top clear coating 6 enters the color-clear coating 5 .
  • FIG. 2B illustrates the spectral transmittance curve of the color-clear coating 5 containing the red pigment 8 .
  • the function to cause as much red light as possible to transmit through the color-clear coating 5 and the function to absorb as much light, which has colors other than red, as possible are provided to the color-clear coating 5 .
  • the light having transmitted through the color-clear coating 5 is reflected off the metallic base coating 4 .
  • the function to reflect as much incident light as possible is provided to the metallic base coating 4 .
  • the function to increase flip-flop (“FF” meaning the degree of change in reflected light strength in association with a change in observation angle) is provided to the metallic base coating 4 .
  • the function to reflect as much red light as possible and not to reflect as much light, which has colors other than red, as possible is provided to the metallic base coating 4 .
  • the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of a standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of +30 degrees is defined as the “highlight reflectance”
  • the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of the standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of ⁇ 30 degrees is defined as the “shade reflectance”
  • the reflectance measured with reference to the reflectance of the standard white plate at a light incidence angle of 45 degrees and a light reception angle of 0 degree is defined as the “face reflectance.”
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of the spectral reflectance curves of light exiting from the top clear coating 6 .
  • the highlight reflectance is, in FIG. 6 , relatively low across the whole range due to, e.g., influence of absorption and reflection of light by the pigment 8 contained in the color-clear coating 5 .
  • the highlight reflectance is high, the difference between the highlight reflectance and the shade reflectance and the difference between the highlight reflectance and the face reflectance are large, and almost no light other than red light exits from the multilayer coating 2 .
  • the tone of color suddenly changes as the observation angle changes, and therefore great appearance of depth is exhibited.
  • the highlight reflectance, shade reflectance, and face reflectance of light having a particular color, the transmittance of light having the particular color, and the transmittance of light having colors other than the particular color influence the lightness and chroma of a multilayer coating and the appearance of depth of the multilayer coating.
  • plural samples of multilayer coatings of examples and comparative examples were prepared. The reflectance of each sample was measured, thereby evaluating the chroma, the appearance of depth, and the appearance of denseness.
  • a multilayer coating 2 was formed in such a manner that an intermediate coating 9 (having an L* value of 50) is stacked on an epoxy-based electrodeposited coating 3 formed on a surface of a steel plate 1 , and then a metallic base coating 4 , a color-clear coating 5 , and a top clear coating 6 are stacked on the intermediate coating 9 in this order.
  • a polyester-based solvent paint was used for the intermediate coating 9 .
  • the thickness of the intermediate coating 9 was 25 ⁇ m.
  • the metallic base coating 4 was formed of an acrylic melamine-based solvent paint by a rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 10% (PWC) of aluminum flakes serving as a glittering material 7 and 15% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment 8 .
  • the following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 330 cc/min; a rotational speed of 20000 rpm; and a shaping air (S/A) flow rate of 420 Nl/min.
  • the thickness of the metallic base coating 4 was 12 ⁇ m.
  • the color-clear coating 5 was also formed of an acrylic melamine-based solvent paint by the rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 2.0% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment 8 .
  • the following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 300 cc/min; a rotational speed of 20000 rpm; and a S/A flow rate of 300 Nl/min.
  • the thickness of the color-clear coating 5 was 12 ⁇ m.
  • the top clear coating 6 was formed of an acid epoxy-based clear paint.
  • the thickness of the top clear coating 6 was 30 ⁇ m.
  • the paint for intermediate coating, the paint for metallic base coating, the paint for color-clear coating, and the paint for top clear coating were applied using a wet-on-wet technique, and then were baked (heated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 140° C.).
  • the orientation of the glittering material 7 of the outer plate No. 1 was changed in such a manner that the coating conditions for forming the metallic base coating 4 are adjusted.
  • samples of outer plates Nos. 2-10 different from each other in the highlight reflectance, shade reflectance, and face reflectance of the metallic base coating 4 were prepared.
  • the outer plates Nos. 2-10 are the same as the outer plate No. 1 in the compositions of the metallic base coating 4 , the color-clear coating 5 , the top clear coating 6 , and the intermediate coating 9 .
  • a multilayer coating (by a 3-coat-1-bake process) was formed in such a manner that an intermediate coating (having an L* value of 30) is stacked on an epoxy-based electrodeposited coating formed on a surface of a steel plate, and then a metallic base coating and a color-clear coating are stacked on the intermediate coating in this order.
  • a polyester-based solvent paint was used for the intermediate coating. The thickness of the intermediate coating was 25 ⁇ m.
  • the metallic base coating was formed of an acrylic melamine-based solvent paint by the rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 8% (PWC) of aluminum flakes serving as a glittering material and 14% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment. The following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 330 cc/min; a rotational speed of 20000 rpm; and a S/A flow rate of 420 Nl/min. The thickness of the metallic base coating was 15 ⁇ m.
  • the color-clear coating was formed of an acid epoxy-based clear paint by the rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 1.0% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment.
  • PWC perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment.
  • the following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 240 cc/min; a rotational speed of 22000 rpm; and a S/A flow rate of 250 Nl/min.
  • the thickness of the color-clear coating was 30 ⁇ m.
  • the paint for intermediate coating, the paint for metallic base coating, and the paint for color-clear coating were applied using the wet-on-wet technique, and then were baked (heated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 140° C.).
  • a multilayer coating (by a 5-coat-2-bake process) was formed in such a manner that an intermediate coating and a metallic base coating are formed as in the outer plate No. 11, and then a clear coating, a color-clear coating, and a top clear coating are stacked on the metallic base coating in this order.
  • the color-clear coating was formed of an acrylic melamine-based solvent paint by the rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 2.0% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment.
  • PWC perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment.
  • the following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 330 cc/min; a rotational speed of 20000 rpm; and a S/A flow rate of 300 Nl/min.
  • the thickness of the color-clear coating was 12 ⁇ m.
  • the clear coating and the top clear coating were formed of an acid epoxy-based clear paint. The thickness of such coatings was 30 ⁇ m.
  • the paint for intermediate coating, the paint for metallic base coating, and the paint for clear coating were applied using the wet-on-wet technique, and then were baked (heated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 140° C.). Moreover, the paint for color-clear coating and the paint for top clear coating were applied using the wet-on-wet technique, and then were re-baked (re-heated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 140° C.).
  • highlight reflectance R OH(P) For each sample, highlight reflectance R OH(P) , shade reflectance R OS(P) , and face reflectance R OF(P) at the peak wavelength of a particular color and average highlight reflectance R OH(OA) in a complementary wavelength range were measured. Moreover, the chroma, the appearance of depth, and the appearance of denseness were visually evaluated for each sample. The reflectance was measured using Gonio-Spectrophotometric Color Measurement System GCMS-4 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. A measurement wavelength range was 400 to 700 nm
  • ones of colors facing each other in a Munsell hue circle divided into ten hues are paired as complementary colors.
  • the hue of a complementary color of red R is blue-green BG
  • a wavelength range including the hue of blue-green BG and the hues of blue B and green G which are respectively on both sides of the blue-green BG is the complementary wavelength range.
  • Reference Drawing 1 of “General Hue Classification according to Colors” attached to JIS Z 8110 the relationship between a hue to which a particular color belongs and a complementary wavelength range in a measurement wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm is shown in Table 1.
  • the hue to which the particular color belongs was determined by Yxy measured based on the reflectance of an object obtained by the gonio-spectrophotometric color measurement system. The details thereof are described in “6. Determination on Color Notation” of “Color specification—Specification according to their three attributes” of JIS Z 8721. In the present specification, in order to determine the hue, color measurement of the samples was performed using a D65 light source at a field of view of 10 degrees, thereby obtaining Yxy.
  • the criteria for visual evaluation are as follows.
  • Chroma Double Circle “Strong Sense of Brightness”
  • FIGS. 8 , 9 , and 10 illustrate spectral reflectance curves showing the highlight reflectance, face reflectance, and shade reflectance of some of the samples.
  • the evaluated chroma tends to be relatively high, and favorable appearance of denseness is exhibited.
  • Condition A is preferably equal to or greater than 74, and more preferably greater than 120.
  • Red Mica of the currently-available products has a greater difference (R OH(P) ⁇ R OS(P) ) between the highlight reflectance R OH(P) and the shade reflectance R OS(P) as compared to that of Red Mica 2 of the commercially-available products, but the appearance of depth of of Red Mica of the currently-available products in visual evaluation has a lower rating than that of Red Mica 2 of the commercially-available products. This shows that the appearance of depth cannot be exhibited only with a great difference between the highlight reflectance and the shade reflectance.
  • Condition B ((R OH(P) /R OH(OA) ) ⁇ (R OH(P) ⁇ R OS(P) ) ⁇ 1/100) results in higher chroma and greater appearance of depth in visual evaluation. That is, not only a great difference between the highlight reflectance and the shade reflectance but also high chroma are required for greater appearance of depth. According to the results of Table 2, Condition B is preferably greater than 100, and more preferably greater than 150.
  • the outer plates Nos. 1 to 12 are at the substantially same level as Red Mica 1 of the commercially-available products. However, the appearance of depth and the appearance of denseness are better in the outer plates Nos. 1 to 12 than in Red Mica 1 of the commercially-available products. This is because the difference between the highlight reflectance R OH(P) and the face reflectance R OF(P) is great.
  • Condition C ((R OH(P) /R OH(OA) ) ⁇ (R OH(P) ⁇ R OS(P) ) ⁇ (1/R OF(P) ) ⁇ ( 1/100)) taking the face reflectance R OF(P) into consideration results in greater appearance of depth and greater appearance of denseness.
  • Condition C is preferably equal to or greater than 3, and more preferably greater than 8.
  • the average highlight reflectance R OH(OA) in the complementary wavelength range is preferably equal to or less than 3%.
  • FIG. 11 schematically illustrates an example of a coating 12 formed on an outer surface of an inner plate part (steel plate) 11 .
  • the coating 12 contains a glittering material 7 and a red pigment 8 .
  • An electrodeposited coating 3 is formed on the surface of the inner plate part 11 by cation electrodeposition coating, and the coating 12 is formed on the electrodeposited coating 3 .
  • a color-clear coating and a top clear coating are not formed.
  • the present invention relates to the coating 12 of the inner plate part 11 , and aims to ensure coloring properties at such a level that the coating 12 of the inner plate part 11 is not inferior in appearance than the multilayer coating 2 of the outer plate 1 and to enhance coating strength.
  • the coating 12 of the inner plate part 11 contains, as pigments, a perylene-based pigment and an iron oxide-based pigment, the content of the perylene-based pigment is equal to or higher than 10% and equal to or lower than 14% in units of PWC, and the mass ratio of the content of the iron oxide-based pigment to the content of the perylene-based pigment is equal to or higher than 3% and equal to or lower than 20%.
  • a coating 12 was formed on an epoxy-based electrodeposited coating 3 formed on a surface of a steel plate 11 .
  • the coating 12 was formed of an acrylic melamine-based solvent paint by the rotary atomization type electrostatic coating apparatus. Such a paint was mixed with 6.2% (PWC) of aluminum flakes serving as a glittering material 7 , 14.4% (PWC) of a perylene-based pigment serving as a color pigment 8 , and 2.7% (PWC) of a quinacridone-based pigment. The ratio of the content of the perylene-based pigment to the total amount of the pigment 8 and the glittering material 7 was 61.8% by mass. No iron oxide-based pigment was contained. The following coating conditions were set: a discharge rate of 400 cc/min; a rotational speed of 20000 rpm; and a S/A flow rate of 420 Nl/min. The thickness of the coating 12 was 15 ⁇ m.
  • Coatings 12 of inner plate parts Nos. 2 to 12 different from each other in compositions of a pigment and a glittering material were formed.
  • the compositions etc. of the pigment and the glittering material of the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12 are shown in Table 3.
  • Coating conditions other than the compositions of the pigment and the glittering material of the inner plate parts Nos. 2 to 12 are the same as those of the inner plate part No. 1.
  • An iron oxide-based pigment A has an average particle size of equal to or greater than 50 nm and equal to or less than 60 nm, and the specific gravity of the iron oxide-based pigment A is 4.2.
  • An iron oxide-based pigment B has an average particle size of equal to or greater than 10 nm and equal to or less than 20 nm, and the specific gravity of the iron oxide-based pigment B is 3.9.
  • the perylene-based pigment has an average particle size of equal to or greater than 40 nm and equal to or less than 50 nm, and the specific gravity of the perylene-based pigment is 1.2.
  • highlight reflectance R IH(P) highlight reflectance
  • shade reflectance R IS(P) shade reflectance
  • face reflectance R IF(P) face reflectance
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the spectral reflectance curves of the highlight reflectance of the outer plate No. 1 and the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the spectral reflectance curves of the face reflectance of the outer plate No. 1 and the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the spectral reflectance curves of the shade reflectance of the outer plate No. 1 and the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12.
  • the criteria for visual evaluation are as follows.
  • Cross Mark Sense of Discomfort at Inner Plate Part Coating Color as compared to Outer Plate Coating Color
  • the coating strength of each of the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12 was evaluated by an abrasion test using a JSPS-type rubbing tester. That is, a sheet of abrasive paper having a mesh count of #1000 and having an area of 20 ⁇ 20 mm was used as a friction element, and the amount of worn-out coating was measured by a film thickness meter when the friction element has horizontally reciprocated on a coating surface of the inner plate part under the following conditions: a load was 200 g; a moving distance per reciprocation was 240 mm; the number of reciprocations per minute was 30; and the total number of reciprocations was 300. The amount of worn-out coating every 100 reciprocations was obtained. The number of measurement points was 12. The coating strength was evaluated based on the amount of worn-out coating.
  • Table 3 shows the reflectance ratio, the visual evaluation results, the amount of worn-out coating, and the overall evaluation results. Criteria for overall evaluation are as follows.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the relationship between the content (PWC) of the perylene-based pigment of the coating of each of the inner plate parts Nos. 1 to 12 and the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ) at the peak wavelength of the particular color.
  • a greater content of the perylene-based pigment results in a lower highlight reflectance ratio. Note that, in the inner plate part No. 6, the content of the perylene-based pigment was decreased and the content of mica was increased.
  • the highlight reflectance ratio at the peak wavelength of the particular color is equal to or higher than 0.5 and equal to or lower than 1.0.
  • the average highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(OA) /R OH(OA) ) in the complementary wavelength range is equal to or higher than 1.0 and equal to or lower than 6.0. That is, as in the outer plate No.
  • the example inner plate parts Nos. 3, 4, and 7 to 10 is more likely to reflect red light of visible light (400 to 700 nm), and is less likely to reflect light other than red light. Thus, there is almost no sense of discomfort at the color tone of the inner plate part as compared to that of the outer plate.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the relationship between the mass ratio (%) of the iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment and the amount of worn-out coating of the inner plate part.
  • a higher percentage of the iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment results in a smaller amount of worn-out coating and higher coating strength.
  • a higher percentage of the iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment results in a higher highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ) at the peak wavelength of the particular color. This is because the iron oxide-based pigment has lower coloring properties of red than those of the perylene-based pigment.
  • FIG. 18 similarly illustrates such a relationship (i.e., the relationship between the content (PWC) of the iron oxide-based pigment and the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ) at the peak wavelength of the particular color).
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 show that, in order to ensure the coloring properties of red and enhance the coating strength, the mass ratio of the iron oxide-based pigment to the perylene-based pigment is preferably equal to or higher than 3% and equal to or lower than 20%. Moreover, FIGS.
  • the highlight reflectance ratio (R IH(P) /R OH(P) ) at the peak wavelength of the particular color can be maintained within a range of equal to or higher than 0.5 and equal to or lower than 1.0 (i.e., the coloring properties of red can be enhanced), as well as suppressing the amount of worn-out coating to equal to or less than 1.6 ⁇ m.

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CN116603716B (zh) * 2023-04-28 2024-03-29 宁波市融嘉轻合金科技有限公司 一种压铸件表面处理方法、系统、智能终端及存储介质

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DE112014001652T5 (de) 2015-12-10
WO2014155930A1 (ja) 2014-10-02
IN2014MN02297A (2) 2015-08-07
US11254800B2 (en) 2022-02-22
RU2014152047A (ru) 2017-05-05
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CN105408436A (zh) 2016-03-16
RU2643949C2 (ru) 2018-02-06
MX2014014169A (es) 2015-03-04
JP2014193938A (ja) 2014-10-09

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