US20160076546A1 - Fan for cooling tower - Google Patents

Fan for cooling tower Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160076546A1
US20160076546A1 US14/850,777 US201514850777A US2016076546A1 US 20160076546 A1 US20160076546 A1 US 20160076546A1 US 201514850777 A US201514850777 A US 201514850777A US 2016076546 A1 US2016076546 A1 US 2016076546A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
blade
blades
fan according
pressure
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/850,777
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jacques ARNOLD
Aurelien DERUELLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kelvion Thermal Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Kelvion Thermal Solutions
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kelvion Thermal Solutions filed Critical Kelvion Thermal Solutions
Assigned to GEA BATIGNOLLES TECHNOLOGIES THERMIQUES reassignment GEA BATIGNOLLES TECHNOLOGIES THERMIQUES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ARNOLD, JACQUES, DERUELLE, AURÉLIEN
Publication of US20160076546A1 publication Critical patent/US20160076546A1/en
Assigned to KELVION THERMAL SOLUTIONS reassignment KELVION THERMAL SOLUTIONS CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GEA BATIGNOLLES TECHNOLOGIES THERMIQUES
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
    • F04D25/166—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows using fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/34—Blade mountings
    • F04D29/36—Blade mountings adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/40—Organic materials
    • F05D2300/43—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an industrial fan for cooling tower, comprising a disc-shaped hub and a plurality of blades radially connected to the hub disc by means of a stud provided on one end of each blade and a flange provided on a face of the hub and into which the stud of the blade is inserted.
  • Such a fan is used for example in oil, gas and chemical industries.
  • it can be used in an air heat exchanger for condensing and cooling liquids, such as liquefied natural gas, circulating in finned tube bundles.
  • the finned tube bundles are installed on a structure and they are blown by at least one fan of this type operated by electric motors.
  • Such an industrial fan is notably disclosed in Patent Document WO-2011/126568. It can have large dimensions, the rotor diameter often exceeding 2 meters so that the blades are in practice assembled on site on the disc-shaped hub. During assembly, the blade angle for each blade is set to a value between 25° and 45° when designing the heat exchanger, with a tolerance of +/ ⁇ 1°.
  • Patent Publication US 2003/0077172 describes a fan in which the fins are placed at the ends of the blades and enable to eliminate such vortices by forming a barrier between the low pressure and the high pressure on the sides of the end of a blade.
  • Giving a complex geometry to the blades can be a solution for reducing the noise generated by the fan.
  • the blades can thus have a complex structure, such as a curvature at the leading and trailing edges, in particular with edges having a sweep forward angle of the blade ends relative to the radial direction. The forward curvature of the leading edges are used to desynchronize noise sources along the blade but do not reduce the source of noise itself.
  • the air flow around the blade is made unstable, thereby reducing the effectiveness thereof.
  • Patent Document U.S. Pat. No. 6,086,330 partially gives a solution to this by disclosing an integrally molded fan in which the blades are connected to a cylindrical hub, from the trailing edge to the leading edge, over the entire length from their base.
  • an industrial fan of large diameter obtained by a molding process, would be very bulky, thus making its transport to the installation site difficult and its installation laborious because of the use of lifting cranes.
  • the objective of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing an industrial fan having good mechanical strength together with improved flow efficiency and making no noise.
  • a fan for a industrial cooling tower comprising a disc-shaped hub and a plurality of blades radially connected to the hub disc by means of a stud provided on one end of each blade and a flange provided on a face of the hub and into which the stud of the blade is inserted with a blade angle for generating an axial air flow, characterized in that each blade has such an aerodynamic profile that, over a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade foot, the pressure difference between pressure and suction faces is comprised between 65% and 75% of the pressure difference between pressure and suction faces at the middle of the blade chord and that, over a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade tip, the pressure difference between pressure and suction faces is comprises between 125% and 135% of the pressure difference between pressure and suction faces at the middle of the blade chord, and in that it is provided a junction system for blocking air recirculation between the pressure and suctions faces at the blade foot.
  • the fan according to the invention has a blade profile which is much more machined at the blade foot, which gives the blades an aerodynamic profile improving the performance of the industrial fan.
  • this stud/flange arrangement it is possible to easily and independently adjust the radial position and the blade angle relative to the hub.
  • the junction means fills the gap between the hub and the blade base, thereby increasing the efficiency of the fan while limiting the air recirculation at the blade foot.
  • the fan according to the invention can include the following features:
  • the junction means is a fin which extends along the pressure and suction faces perpendicularly to the surface of the blade at the blade foot. This fin enables to use the surface at the blade base for blocking the recirculation of the air flow at the blade foot, from the pressure face to the suction face, while ensuring good aerodynamic performance.
  • the flange comprises at least one jaw
  • the fan comprises at least three blades
  • the envelope of the blades is made out of composite materials
  • the envelope of the blades is in the form of a pre-shapeable fabric having reinforcing fibers
  • the fiber reinforcement is made out of glass fabric
  • the envelope of the blades is impregnated with a two-component material such as polyester, vinyl esters, epoxies or equivalents;
  • the blades are hollow and stiffened by filling their cavity with a light material
  • the blades have a pressure face having a flat surface region for receiving an inclinometer and the pitch between the angles of inclination of the blades can be adjusted with an accuracy of + or ⁇ 0.1°;
  • each blade has an blade angle adjustable between 25° and 45°;
  • each blade radially connected to the hub disc is adjustable by means of a screw
  • the junction means has a rotational shape in combination with sealing elements such as elastomeric or silicone seals.
  • the invention applies to an air heat exchanger having finned tubes characterized in that it comprises a fan according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents a cooling tower.
  • FIG. 2 represents a fan according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a finned fan according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the hub and a blade.
  • FIG. 1 it is illustrated an example of a cooling tower used in oil, gas and chemical industries.
  • an air heat exchanger 1 condenses and cools liquids circulating in finned tube bundles 2 .
  • the finned tube bundles 2 are installed on a structure and they are blown by at least one fan 3 actuated by electric motors 4 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an industrial fan 3 for a cooling tower according to the prior art.
  • This fan 3 includes a disc-shaped hub 5 and a plurality of blades 6 radially connected to the hub disc 5 by means of a stud 7 provided on one end of each blade 6 and a flange (not shown) provided on one side of the hub disc 5 and into which the stud 7 of the blade 6 is inserted with a blade angle for generating an axial air flow.
  • the arrow F indicates the direction of rotation of the blades 6 .
  • the blades 6 have a curvature at the leading and trailing edges, particularly the leading edges have a sweep forward angle of the front ends of the blades relative to the radial direction.
  • Gaps are visible between the hub 5 and the base of the blades 6 . These gaps induce a recirculation of the air flow at the base of the blade 6 , from the pressure face to the suction face. This recirculation contributes to decrease the pressure on the blade 6 and to decrease of the air velocity in the region at the base of the blade 6 . Without junction means between the hub 5 and the base of the blades 6 , about a third of the surface of the blade 6 cannot be charged with air and is made useless. As the air velocity profile is not homogeneous, the overall efficiency of the fan 3 is reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fan according to the invention, which comprises a finned junction means arranged at the base of the blades 6 for blocking the air recirculation between the pressure face and the suction face at the blade foot. On each blade, the fin extends along the pressure face and the suction face perpendicularly to the surface of the blade 6 at the foot of the blade 6 .
  • the junction means 8 has a rotational shape.
  • the junction means can be combined with sealing elements such as elastomeric or silicone seals.
  • the fan 1 comprises in the example case a flat disc-shaped hub 5 supporting four blades 6 on its underside in the direction of air.
  • the blades 6 radially extend between a blade base at the hub 5 and a blade head. They have a simplified shape. Indeed, each blade has a leading edge opposite a trailing edge, which are both straight. The centers of gravity of all the sections along the blade 6 are perfectly aligned with one another. Because of their simplified shape, the manufacturing costs for the blades 6 are reduced.
  • the fans 3 of the invention comprise at least three blades 6 .
  • the length I of the blade 6 is divided by broken lines into three regions including a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade foot, a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade head, and a region at the middle of the blade chord. On each of these regions and at different points, pressure measurements are made between pressure and suction faces.
  • each of the blades 6 shows such an aerodynamic profile that, over a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade foot, the pressure difference ( ⁇ P 1 ) between pressure and suction faces is comprised between 65% and 75% of the difference pressure ( ⁇ PC) between pressure and suction faces at the middle of the blade chord and that, over a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade head, the pressure difference ( ⁇ P 2 ) between pressure and suction faces is comprised between 125% and 135% of the pressure difference ( ⁇ PC) between pressure and suction faces at the middle of the blade chord.
  • the pressure difference ( ⁇ P 1 ) between pressure and suction faces is comprised between 65% and 75% of the difference pressure ( ⁇ PC) between pressure and suction faces at the middle of the blade chord and that, over a region corresponding to 30% of the length of the blade from the blade head, the pressure difference ( ⁇ P 2 ) between pressure and suction faces is comprised between 125% and 135% of the pressure difference ( ⁇ PC) between pressure and suction faces at
  • each blade 6 has an aerodynamic profile as shown in FIG. 3 with a greater blade angle at the blade foot than at the blade head, which provides a more uniform pressure along the chord of the blade 6 .
  • each blade 6 has an aerodynamic profile as shown in FIG. 3 with a greater blade angle at the blade foot than at the blade head, which provides a more uniform pressure along the chord of the blade 6 .
  • the flange 10 includes at least one jaw.
  • this flange 10 includes two jaws 10 a, 10 b fixed to the underside of the hub 5 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the stud 7 of a blade 6 is housed in the two jaws 10 a , 10 b.
  • the blade angle of the blades 6 relative to the hub 5 which defines the incidence of the blade relative to the air flow, forms a nominal blade angle of 36° relative to the surface of the hub 5 .
  • the blade angle is adjustable between 25° and 45°.
  • the calculated optimum blade angle is about 36°. It can be adjusted by means of an inclinometer. This inclinometer can be arranged on a perfectly flat region of the pressure face of the blade. The pitch between the angles of inclination of the blades 6 can thus be adjusted with an accuracy of + or ⁇ 0.1°.
  • the envelope of the blades can be made out of composite materials, in the form of a pre-shapeable fabric provided with reinforcing fibers.
  • This fiber reinforcement can be glass fabric.
  • this envelope is impregnated with a curable two-component material as polyester, vinyl esters, epoxies or the like. It is also possible to injection-mold the coating.
  • the blades 6 can be hollow. They can be stiffened by filling the cavity with a lightweight material such as polyurethane foam. Because of their lightweight construction, the blades can be more easily installed.
  • a fan according to the invention of at least 4 meters in diameter, has been produced and tested. It has been shown that this fan has better performance and lower noise than a so-called “Super Low Noise” fan. In addition, due to the high aerodynamic efficiency of the fan according to the invention, a low operating speed is required and thus the noise generation is limited.
  • the fan according to the invention even provide better performance while emitting as much sound as a prior art device. It has been shown that such a fan also has better performance while consuming less energy than a prior art fan.
  • the invention applies to an air heat exchanger 1 provided with finned tubes 2 comprising a fan 3 according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US14/850,777 2014-09-11 2015-09-10 Fan for cooling tower Abandoned US20160076546A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1458534A FR3025748B1 (fr) 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Ventilateur pour aerorefrigerant.
FR1458534 2014-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20160076546A1 true US20160076546A1 (en) 2016-03-17

Family

ID=51987328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/850,777 Abandoned US20160076546A1 (en) 2014-09-11 2015-09-10 Fan for cooling tower

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20160076546A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP3009684B1 (pl)
BR (1) BR102015021916A2 (pl)
ES (1) ES2644810T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3025748B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3009684T3 (pl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9618002B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2017-04-11 University Of South Florida Mini notched turbine generator
US20180223862A1 (en) * 2015-10-07 2018-08-09 Minebea Mitsumi Inc. Axial fan
US20220260083A1 (en) * 2020-10-02 2022-08-18 Therma-Stor LLC Portable blower fan assembly

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4971143A (en) * 1989-05-22 1990-11-20 Carrier Corporation Fan stator assembly for heat exchanger
US20090208333A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-08-20 Smith J Carey Ceiling Fan System with Brushless Motor

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918977A (en) * 1956-06-25 1959-12-29 Koppers Co Inc Blade assembly
US3647317A (en) * 1970-03-19 1972-03-07 Fluor Prod Co Inc Fiberglass fan assembly
JPS5912197A (ja) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 送風機の翼等の共振回避方法
US5564901A (en) * 1993-12-14 1996-10-15 The Moore Company Low noise fan
US6086330A (en) 1998-12-21 2000-07-11 Motorola, Inc. Low-noise, high-performance fan
ITMI991321A1 (it) * 1999-06-14 2000-12-14 Fbm Hudson Italiana Spa Pala svergolata per girante composta da due elementi congiunti
US6517315B2 (en) 2001-05-29 2003-02-11 Hewlett-Packard Company Enhanced performance fan with the use of winglets
CN102947595B (zh) 2010-04-05 2016-10-12 穆尔风扇有限责任公司 包括包含超低噪音风扇叶片的轴流风扇的商业空气冷却装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4971143A (en) * 1989-05-22 1990-11-20 Carrier Corporation Fan stator assembly for heat exchanger
US20090208333A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-08-20 Smith J Carey Ceiling Fan System with Brushless Motor

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9618002B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2017-04-11 University Of South Florida Mini notched turbine generator
US20180223862A1 (en) * 2015-10-07 2018-08-09 Minebea Mitsumi Inc. Axial fan
US10634162B2 (en) * 2015-10-07 2020-04-28 Minebea Mitsumi Inc. Axial fan
US20220260083A1 (en) * 2020-10-02 2022-08-18 Therma-Stor LLC Portable blower fan assembly
US12168982B2 (en) * 2020-10-02 2024-12-17 Therma-Stor LLC Portable blower fan assembly
US20250052249A1 (en) * 2020-10-02 2025-02-13 Therma-Stor LLC Portable blower fan assembly
US12546329B2 (en) * 2020-10-02 2026-02-10 Therma-Stor LLC Portable blower fan assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3025748B1 (fr) 2016-11-18
BR102015021916A2 (pt) 2016-07-19
FR3025748A1 (fr) 2016-03-18
PL3009684T3 (pl) 2017-12-29
EP3009684B1 (fr) 2017-06-28
EP3009684A1 (fr) 2016-04-20
ES2644810T3 (es) 2017-11-30

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Effective date: 20151215

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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