US20170130737A1 - Rotary machine - Google Patents

Rotary machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US20170130737A1
US20170130737A1 US15/318,181 US201515318181A US2017130737A1 US 20170130737 A1 US20170130737 A1 US 20170130737A1 US 201515318181 A US201515318181 A US 201515318181A US 2017130737 A1 US2017130737 A1 US 2017130737A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
impeller
face
casing
rotary shaft
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/318,181
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English (en)
Inventor
Naoyuki Nagai
Takashi Sato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Compressor Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Compressor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Compressor Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD., MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES COMPRESSOR CORPORATION reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAGAI, NAOYUKI, SATO, TAKASHI
Publication of US20170130737A1 publication Critical patent/US20170130737A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/668—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps damping or preventing mechanical vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
    • F04D29/0513—Axial thrust balancing hydrostatic; hydrodynamic thrust bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/053—Shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/161—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/162—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/444—Free-space packings with facing materials having honeycomb-like structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/28—Three-dimensional patterned
    • F05D2250/283—Three-dimensional patterned honeycomb

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary machine such as a centrifugal compressor.
  • the centrifugal compressor As a kind of a rotary machine, a centrifugal compressor for compressing a gas is widely known.
  • the centrifugal compressor includes an impeller provided inside a casing.
  • the centrifugal compressor compresses a hydraulic fluid such as a gas flowing from a suction port by rotation of the impeller and discharges the hydraulic fluid from a discharge port.
  • a gap In a rotary machine like a centrifugal compressor, a gap generally exists between a rotating body such as a rotary shaft and a stationary body such as a peripheral casing. For that reason, in many cases, a sealing device which suppresses an inflow of a hydraulic fluid is provided in the gap between the rotating body and the stationary body.
  • a metal port seal is provided at a metal port of an inlet of the impeller, an intermediate seal is provided among multiple stages of impellers, and a balance piston is provided at a final stage. Accordingly, the amount of leakage of a gas compressed by the impeller is reduced.
  • various seals for example, a damper seal or a labyrinth seal, are used.
  • a labyrinth seal is formed such that a plurality of protruding portions are disposed to protrude from an annular stationary member, which faces a rotating rotary shaft with a gap interposed therebetween, toward the rotary shaft. Since a labyrinth seal causes a loss of pressure of a fluid flowing near a front end of the protruding portion, the leakage of the fluid can be reduced.
  • a honeycomb seal or a hole pattern seal is known.
  • a hole pattern seal is formed such that a plurality of holes are formed in an opposite face that faces a rotary shaft in an annular stationary member that faces the rotary shaft with a gap interposed therebetween.
  • a hole pattern seal can reduce leakage of a fluid by a loss of pressure generated in a hole (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • a hole pattern seal is better than a labyrinth seal in that a damping effect is large and the vibration of a rotary shaft is stabilized. Meanwhile, a labyrinth seal is better than a damper seal in that the amount of fluid leakage can be further reduced.
  • a rotary shaft of a rotary machine is supported by a bearing provided in a casing.
  • a force causing instability of a hydraulic fluid and generated by a sealing device or an impeller increases with respect to a damping force obtained by the bearing, an unstable vibration is generated and thus the rotary shaft rotates eccentrically.
  • the above-described unstable vibration is excited by the force causing the instability of the fluid in a circumferential direction.
  • a conventional rotary machine reduces vibration of a rotary shaft by damping the vibration of the rotary shaft through a labyrinth seal, a damper seal, or the like.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary machine capable of effectively suppressing vibration of a rotary shaft and an impeller by sufficiently damping the vibration of the rotary shaft.
  • a rotary machine including: a rotary shaft; an impeller that is fixed to the rotary shaft; and a casing that covers the rotary shaft and the impeller, wherein the impeller includes a disc-shaped disc portion, a plurality of blades that are provided at one face in an axial direction in which the rotary shaft of the disc portion extends such that the blades are separated from one another in a circumferential direction, a cover portion that faces the disc portion with a gap interposed therebetween and covers the plurality of blades from one of two sides in the axial direction, and wherein the casing includes a perforated face that faces the cover portion with a gap interposed therebetween, is provided at an inner peripheral side area in relation to a position corresponding to an outer peripheral side end of the cover portion, and is provided with a plurality of holes.
  • the perforated face may be a slope that is inclined with respect to a face orthogonal to the axial direction.
  • the plurality of holes may be formed in a circular cross-section shape and may be adjacent to one another.
  • the plurality of holes may be formed in a hexagonal cross-section shape and may be adjacent to one another.
  • the holes formed in the perforated face are formed in a circular or hexagonal cross-section shape, the holes can be easily formed by a drill or the like.
  • the holes may have a different depth in a circumferential direction about the rotary shaft.
  • the holes may have a different depth in a radial direction about the rotary shaft.
  • the vibration of the rotary shaft and the impeller can be effectively dumped.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a centrifugal compressor that is an example of a rotary machine of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor of a first embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a perforated face which is provided in an area facing a cover portion of an impeller in a casing.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a plurality of holes formed in a perforated face of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor of a second embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a plurality of holes formed in a perforated face of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a hole formed in a perforated face of a centrifugal compressor of a third embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor of a fourth embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a centrifugal compressor that is an example of a rotary machine of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a perforated face which is provided in an area facing a cover portion of an impeller in a casing.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a plurality of holes formed in a perforated face.
  • a centrifugal compressor (a rotary machine) 10 that is a rotary machine of the embodiment mainly includes a casing 20 , a rotary shaft 30 , and impellers 40 .
  • the rotary shaft 30 is supported inside the casing 20 to be rotatable about a central axis O.
  • the impellers 40 are attached to the rotary shaft 30 and compress a gas G which is a hydraulic fluid by using a centrifugal force.
  • the casing 20 has a configuration in which a plurality of ring members 22 are arranged in a direction of the central axis O corresponding to an axial direction in which the rotary shaft 30 extends.
  • the casing 20 is provided with an inner space 21 which is repeatedly decreased and increased in diameter.
  • the impellers 40 are accommodated in the inner space 21 .
  • a casing side passage 50 through which the gas G flowing through the impellers 40 flows from an upstream side toward a downstream side is formed at a position between the impellers 40 when the impellers 40 are accommodated in the casing.
  • a suction port 23 through which the gas G flows into the casing side passage 50 from the outside is provided at first end 20 a which is first end of the casing 20 in the direction of the central axis O.
  • a discharge port 24 which is contiguous with the casing side passage 50 and through which the gas G flows to the outside, is provided at the second end 20 b which is the second end of the casing 20 in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the first end 20 a and the second end 20 b of the casing 20 are respectively provided with a support hole 25 and a support hole 26 which respectively support both ends of the rotary shaft 30 .
  • the rotary shaft 30 is supported by the support hole 25 and the support hole 26 to be rotatable about the central axis O through a journal bearing 27 .
  • the first end 20 a of the casing 20 is provided with a thrust bearing 28 .
  • the first end side 30 a which is a first end in the direction of the central axis O is supported to be rotatable about the central axis O through the thrust bearing 28 .
  • the impellers 40 are respectively accommodated inside ring members 22 of the casing 20 at intervals in the direction of the central axis O. Further, FIG. 1 shows an example of a case in which six impellers 40 are provided, but at least one or more impellers 40 may be provided.
  • a concave portion 29 a and a concave portion 29 b which accommodate the impellers 40 are formed in the inner space 21 of the casing 20 .
  • the concave portion 29 a and the concave portion 29 b are respectively recessed toward the first end 20 a (in FIG. 2 , a left side) of the casing 20 and the second end 20 b (in FIG. 2 , a right side) of the casing 20 .
  • the casing 20 is provided with an impeller accommodating portion 29 which has a circular cross-section shape orthogonal to the central axis O and accommodates the impeller 40 by the concave portion 29 a and the concave portion 29 b.
  • the impeller 40 including a disc portion 41 , a blade portion 42 , and a cover portion 43 is a closed impeller.
  • the disc portion 41 is formed in a disc shape. Specifically, the disc portion 41 of the embodiment is formed so that a central portion thereof is formed as a cylindrical portion 41 a having a substantially cylindrical shape having a uniform length in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the rotary shaft 30 is inserted and fixed into a through-hole 41 b of the cylindrical portion 41 a.
  • a disc body 41 c having a disc shape is integrally formed with an outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 41 a.
  • the disc body 41 c increases in outer diameter from a first side toward a second side in the direction of the central axis O so that a face directed to the first side in the direction of the central axis O is formed as a concave curved face 41 d.
  • the second side of the disc body 41 c in the direction of the central axis O is formed as a plane 41 e which is separated from the concave portion 29 b by a predetermined gap.
  • the concave curved face 41 d is provided with a plurality of blade portions 42 which are separated from one another in a circumferential direction.
  • the blade portions 42 are integrally formed to protrude from the concave curved face 41 d toward the first side in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the cover portion 43 is formed to cover the plurality of blade portions 42 from the first side in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the cover portion 43 is formed in a disc shape corresponding to the disc portion 41 .
  • the cover portion 43 is formed by a convex face 43 a so that a side facing the concave curved face 41 d is separated from the concave curved face 41 d by a predetermined gap therebetween.
  • the first side of the cover portion 43 in the direction of the central axis O is formed by a concave face 43 b which is separated by a predetermined gap from the concave portion 29 a provided with a face directed toward the second side in the direction of the central axis O of the impeller accommodating portion 29 .
  • the concave face 43 b of the cover portion 43 is formed as a tapered cover face 43 t which linearly increases in outer diameter in a radial direction as it goes from the first side toward the second side in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the concave portion 29 a which is provided near the casing 20 to face the cover portion 43 with a gap interposed therebetween, is provided with a tapered casing face 29 t which is formed to be substantially parallel to the tapered cover face 43 t.
  • the tapered casing face 29 t is an area which faces the tapered cover face 43 t .
  • the tapered casing face 29 t is formed to linearly increase in inner diameter in the radial direction as it goes from the first side toward the second side in the direction of the central axis O.
  • the casing side passage 50 includes a diffuser portion 51 , a bent return portion 52 , and a return passage 53 .
  • the diffuser portion 51 is formed to extend from an outer peripheral side of the impeller 40 toward the outer peripheral side.
  • the bent return portion 52 is formed to be contiguous with an outer peripheral portion of the diffuser portion 51 .
  • the bent return portion 52 is formed in a direction toward the inner peripheral side from the outer peripheral portion of the diffuser portion 51 toward the second end 20 b of the casing 20 while being curved in a U-shape in a cross-sectional view.
  • the return passage 53 is formed from the bent return portion 52 toward an inner peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 2 , an inner peripheral side end of the return passage 53 is provided with a curved portion 53 w which is curved toward a central portion of the impeller 40 at a subsequent stage.
  • an impeller side passage 55 is formed between the concave curved face 41 d of the disc portion 41 and the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 .
  • an end 55 a which is directed toward the first side in the direction of the central axis O of each impeller 40 faces the curved portion 53 w of the return passage 53 .
  • the end 55 b which is located at the second side in the direction of the central axis O and is located at the opposite side to the impeller side passage 55 is directed toward the outer peripheral side.
  • the end 55 b is formed to face the diffuser portion 51 of the casing side passage 50 .
  • the gas G which is introduced from the suction port 23 into the casing side passage 50 flows from the end 55 a near the inside of the blade portion 42 in the radial direction of each impeller 40 rotating about the central axis O along with the rotary shaft 30 into the impeller side passage 55 .
  • the gas G which flows into the impeller side passage 55 flows outward toward the outer peripheral side from the end 55 b near the outside of the blade portion 42 in the radial direction.
  • a gap between the adjacent blade portions 42 in the circumferential direction is formed as a compression passage through which the gas G flows in the radial direction.
  • the gas G which flows outward from the impeller 40 of each stage flows toward the outer peripheral side through the diffuser portion 51 of the casing side passage 50 . Subsequently, the gas G is returned in a flow direction of the bent return portion 52 and is fed to the impeller 40 at a rear stage through the return passage 53 . In this way, the gas G flows repeatedly through the casing side passage 50 and the impeller side passage 55 of each of the impellers 40 provided in multiple stages from the first end 20 a of the casing 20 toward the second end 20 b thereof. Accordingly, the gas G is compressed in multiple stages and is fed from the discharge port 24 .
  • the gas G which flows into the impeller side passage 55 flows from the outer end 55 b in the radial direction into the diffuser portion 51 .
  • a part of the gas G leaks from a metal port K which is a gap between an outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and a radial end 29 c of the concave portion 29 a of the impeller accommodating portion 29 .
  • a leakage gas Gr flows into a gap 56 between the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 and the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 .
  • the leakage gas Gr which flows into the gap 56 flows into a seal 80 near an inner peripheral side end 43 d of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 . That is, the amount of the gas G flowing into the casing side passage 50 and compressed by the impeller 40 is reduced by the leakage gas Gr flowing back through the gap 56 , and thus the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor 10 is deteriorated.
  • a perforated face 60 A is formed in the concave portion 29 a of the impeller accommodating portion 29 formed in the casing 20 .
  • the perforated face 60 A is formed in the tapered casing face 29 t which faces the tapered cover face 43 t of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 with a gap interposed therebetween.
  • the perforated face 60 A is a part of the tapered casing face 29 t.
  • the perforated face 60 A is provided in an inner peripheral side area in relation to a position corresponding to the outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 . That is, the perforated face 60 a is formed as a slope which is inclined with respect to a face extending in the radial direction orthogonal to the direction of the central axis O.
  • the perforated face 60 A is provided with a plurality of holes 61 which are opened toward the opposite side of the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 . As shown in FIG. 4 , theses holes 61 are formed in a substantially zigzag shape to be adjacent to one another. The plurality of holes 61 form a so-called hole pattern seal.
  • these holes 61 are formed in a circular cross-section shape having substantially the same hole diameter.
  • Each hole 61 is formed to have a constant depth in a direction orthogonal to the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K corresponding to the gap between the outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and the radial end 29 c of the impeller accommodating portion 29 flows into the gap 56 , and a part of the leakage gas Gr flowing thereinto enters the plurality of holes 61 formed in the perforated face 60 A.
  • the perforated face 60 A provided with the plurality of holes 61 is formed in the inner peripheral side area from a position facing the outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 in the casing 20 . Accordingly, the leakage gas Gr which flows between the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and the casing 20 flows into the plurality of holes 61 . For that reason, it is possible to effectively suppress vibration of the rotary shaft 30 and the impeller 40 by sufficiently damping the vibration of the rotary shaft 30 .
  • the amount of the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K into the gap 56 between the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 and the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 can be reduced by the perforated face 60 A.
  • the perforated face 60 A is formed in the tapered casing face 29 t which is inclined with respect to a face orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 30 . Accordingly, a damping force applied from the leakage gas Gr to the rotary shaft by the perforated face 60 A acting on the rotary shaft 30 in the axial direction and the radial direction. Thus, the vibration of the rotary shaft 30 and the vibration of the impeller 40 can be effectively dumped.
  • the hole 61 is formed in a substantially circular cross-section shape, the hole 61 can be easily formed by a drill or the like.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor of the second embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a plurality of holes formed in the perforated face.
  • a centrifugal compressor 10 of the embodiment includes a casing 20 , a rotary shaft 30 , and an impeller 40 .
  • a perforated face 60 B is formed in a concave portion 29 a of an impeller accommodating portion 29 formed in the casing 20 .
  • the perforated face 60 B is formed in a tapered casing face 29 t facing a tapered cover face 43 t of a cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 .
  • the perforated face 60 B is provided with a plurality of holes 62 which are opened toward an opposite side of the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • Each hole 62 is formed in a hexagonal cross-section shape.
  • These holes 62 are formed in a substantially zigzag shape to be adjacent to one another in an inner peripheral face 60 f .
  • the plurality of holes 62 form a so-called honeycomb seal.
  • each hole 62 is formed to have a constant depth in a direction orthogonal to the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • a leakage gas Gr which leaks from a metal port K of a gap between an outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and a radial end 29 c of the impeller accommodating portion 29 flows into a gap 56 .
  • the so-called honeycomb seal is formed in the perforated face 60 B by the holes 62 having a hexagonal cross-section shape. Accordingly, similarly to the first embodiment, the leakage gas Gr which flows between the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and the casing 20 flows into the plurality of holes 62 . Accordingly, it is possible to effectively suppress vibration of the rotary shaft 30 by sufficiently damping the vibration of the rotary shaft 30 .
  • the amount of the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K into the gap 56 between the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 and the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 can be reduced by the perforated face 60 B.
  • the hole 61 is formed in a substantially hexagonal cross-section shape, the hole 61 can be easily formed by a drill or the like.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a hole formed in a perforated face in a centrifugal compressor of the third embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • a centrifugal compressor 10 of the embodiment includes a casing 20 , a rotary shaft 30 , and an impeller 40 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • a perforated face 60 C is formed in a concave portion 29 a of an impeller accommodating portion 29 formed in the casing 20 .
  • the perforated face 60 C is formed in a tapered casing face 29 t which faces a tapered cover face 43 t of a cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 .
  • the perforated face 60 C is provided with a plurality of holes 63 which are opened toward an opposite side of the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • These holes 63 are formed in a circular cross-section shape having substantially the same hole diameter and are formed in a direction orthogonal to the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • these holes 63 are disposed in a substantially zigzag shape to be adjacent to one another.
  • the plurality of holes 63 form a so-called hole pattern seal.
  • the holes 63 are formed to have a different hole depth in a circumferential direction about the rotary shaft 30 .
  • a leakage gas Gr which leaks from a metal port K of a gap between an outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and a radial end 29 c of the impeller accommodating portion 29 flows into a gap 56 .
  • the leakage gas Gr which flows between the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and the casing 20 flows to the perforated face 60 C. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively suppress vibration of the rotary shaft 30 by sufficiently damping the vibration of the rotary shaft 30 .
  • the amount of the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K into the gap 56 between the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 and the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 can be reduced by the perforated face 60 C.
  • the perforated face 60 C is formed to have a different hole depth in the circumferential direction about the rotary shaft 30 . For that reason, a different damping force can be exerted on the rotary shaft 30 or the impeller 40 in the circumferential direction.
  • a distribution of the depth of the hole 63 shown in FIG. 7 is merely an example. Of course, the distribution may be set depending on an actual operational condition.
  • the hole 63 can be formed in a hexagonal cross-section shape similarly to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a centrifugal compressor of the fourth embodiment of a rotary machine.
  • a centrifugal compressor 10 of the embodiment includes a casing 20 , a rotary shaft 30 , and an impeller 40 .
  • a perforated face 60 D is formed in a concave portion 29 a of an impeller accommodating portion 29 formed in the casing 20 .
  • the perforated face 60 D is formed in a tapered casing face 29 t which faces a tapered cover face 43 t of a cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 .
  • the perforated face 60 D is provided with a plurality of holes 64 which are opened toward an opposite side of the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 .
  • the holes 64 are formed in a circular cross-section shape having substantially the same hole diameter and are fanned in a direction orthogonal to the tapered cover face 43 t of the impeller 40 . These holes 64 are disposed in a substantially zigzag shape to be adjacent to one another.
  • the plurality of holes 64 form a so-called hole pattern seal.
  • the holes 64 are formed to have a different hole depth in a radial direction about the rotary shaft 30 . Specifically, a pressure distribution of a leakage gas Gr leaking from a metal port K in a gap 56 is examined, and a hole depth of each hole 64 in the radial direction is set depending on the pressure distribution. In the embodiment, for example, the hole depth of the hole 64 is formed to be gradually decreased from an inner peripheral side in the radial direction toward an outer peripheral side in the radial direction.
  • the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K of the gap between an outer peripheral side end 43 c of the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and a radial end 29 c of the impeller accommodating portion 29 flows into the gap 56 .
  • the leakage gas Gr which flows between the cover portion 43 of the impeller 40 and the casing 20 flows into the plurality of holes 64 . Accordingly, it is possible to effectively suppress vibration of the rotary shaft 30 by sufficiently damping the vibration of the rotary shaft 30 .
  • the amount of the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K into the gap 56 between the convex face 43 a of the cover portion 43 and the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 can be reduced by the perforated face 60 D. Since a circumferential speed of a flow of the leakage gas Gr flowing into the metal port K is reduced by the perforated face 60 D, a swirl can be dumped.
  • the perforated face 60 C is formed so that the holes 64 have a different hole depth in the radial direction about the rotary shaft 30 . For that reason, a different damping force can be exerted on the rotary shaft 30 or the impeller 40 in the radial direction. Thus, for example, a damping force is obtained depending on the hole depth and the pressure distribution of the leakage gas Gr which leaks from the metal port K of the gap 56 , and thus a damping force depending on generated vibration can be exerted.
  • a distribution of the depth of the hole 64 shown in FIG. 8 is merely an example.
  • the distribution may certainly be set depending on an actual pressure distribution.
  • the hole 64 can be formed in a hexagonal cross-section shape similarly to the second embodiment.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and includes various modifications of the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present invention. That is, a detailed shape or configuration exemplified in the embodiment is merely an example and can be appropriately modified.
  • the perforated faces 60 A, 60 B, 60 C, and 60 D may be formed in such a manner that an annular member is formed separately from the casing 20 , and this member is provided in the tapered casing face 29 t of the impeller accommodating portion 29 formed in the casing 20 .
  • the perforated faces 60 A, 60 B, 60 C, and 60 D are formed in the tapered casing face 29 t, but may be provided in a face orthogonal to the central axis of the rotary shaft 30 in the casing 20 .
  • an entire configuration of the centrifugal compressor 10 may be arbitrarily set.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US15/318,181 2014-09-19 2015-09-08 Rotary machine Abandoned US20170130737A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-191015 2014-09-19
JP2014191015A JP2016061252A (ja) 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 回転機械
PCT/JP2015/075430 WO2016043090A1 (fr) 2014-09-19 2015-09-08 Machine rotative

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US20170130737A1 true US20170130737A1 (en) 2017-05-11

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US (1) US20170130737A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3147515A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016061252A (fr)
CN (1) CN106471257A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016043090A1 (fr)

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US10513928B2 (en) * 2017-08-31 2019-12-24 Flowserve Management Company Axial thrust balancing device
CN112983847A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-18 清华大学 具有非均匀叶尖间隙的离心压气机及叶尖间隙获取方法
CN119308883A (zh) * 2024-11-18 2025-01-14 江苏大学 一种离心泵的口环密封装置及离心泵

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CN112628161A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-04-09 靳普 一种风冷压气机
CN112503004A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-16 靳普 一种背靠背式压气机
CN112392760A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 压缩机的流道密封结构及制冷设备

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US10513928B2 (en) * 2017-08-31 2019-12-24 Flowserve Management Company Axial thrust balancing device
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EP3147515A1 (fr) 2017-03-29
CN106471257A (zh) 2017-03-01
WO2016043090A1 (fr) 2016-03-24
EP3147515A4 (fr) 2017-07-26

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