US20170198976A1 - Heat exchangers - Google Patents

Heat exchangers Download PDF

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Publication number
US20170198976A1
US20170198976A1 US14/994,504 US201614994504A US2017198976A1 US 20170198976 A1 US20170198976 A1 US 20170198976A1 US 201614994504 A US201614994504 A US 201614994504A US 2017198976 A1 US2017198976 A1 US 2017198976A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elliptical
flow
flow channels
heat exchanger
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/994,504
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph Turney
Michael K. Ikeda
Brian St. Rock
Ram Ranjan
Thomas M. Yun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
Original Assignee
Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamilton Sundstrand Corp filed Critical Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
Priority to US14/994,504 priority Critical patent/US20170198976A1/en
Assigned to HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORPORATION reassignment HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IKEDA, Michael K., Ranjan, Ram, St. Rock, Brian, TURNEY, JOSEPH, YUN, THOMAS M.
Priority to EP16207357.1A priority patent/EP3193122B1/de
Publication of US20170198976A1 publication Critical patent/US20170198976A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to heat exchangers, more specifically to more thermally efficient heat exchangers.
  • Heat exchangers are can be critical to the functionality of numerous systems (e.g., aircraft systems, engines, environmental control systems).
  • Traditional heat exchangers include a plate fin construction, with tube shell and plate-type heat exchangers having niche applications.
  • Traditional plate fin designs impose multiple design constraints that inhibit performance, increase size and weight, suffer structural reliability issues, are unable to meet certain high temperature applications, and limit system integration opportunities.
  • a heat exchanger includes a body and a plurality of elliptical flow channels defined in the body, the elliptical flow channels defining an elliptical cross-sectional flow area, and a plurality of non-elliptical flow channels defined in the body and interspersed between the elliptical flow channels, the non-elliptical flow channels having a non-elliptical cross-sectional flow area.
  • At least one of the plurality of elliptical flow channels can include a circular cross-sectional flow area. At least one of the plurality of non-elliptical flow channels can include a cross-shaped or rounded-cross shaped cross-sectional flow area.
  • At least one of the plurality of non-elliptical flow channels can include a rectilinear shaped cross-sectional flow area.
  • the rectilinear shaped cross-sectional area can include a hexagonal shape.
  • the elliptical flow channels and the non-elliptical flow channels can be uniformly defined in the body such that the elliptical flow channels and non-elliptical flow channels form an evenly spaced pattern. Any other suitable pattern is contemplated herein.
  • the elliptical flow channels can be configured to allow a hot flow to travel through the body in a first direction.
  • the non-elliptical flow channels can be configured to allow a cold flow to travel through the body in a second direction.
  • the first and second directions are opposite.
  • a method of exchanging heat from a hot flow to a cold flow includes flowing the hot flow through a plurality of elliptical flow channels defined in a body of a heat exchanger, the elliptical flow channels defining an elliptical cross-sectional flow area, and flowing the cold flow through a plurality of non-elliptical flow channels defined in the body and interspersed between the elliptical flow channels, the non-elliptical flow channels having a non-elliptical cross-sectional flow area.
  • flowing the hot flow through the elliptical channels can include flowing the hot flow in a first direction, wherein flowing the cold flow through the non-elliptical channels can include flowing the cold flow in a second direction, and the first direction and second direction can be opposite.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger in accordance with this disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchange in accordance with this disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 an illustrative view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger in accordance with the disclosure is shown in FIG. 1 and is designated generally by reference character 100 .
  • FIG. 2 Other embodiments and/or aspects of this disclosure are shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the systems and methods described herein can be used to reduce weight and/or increase performance of heat transfer systems.
  • a heat exchanger 100 includes a body 101 and a plurality of elliptical flow channels 103 defined in the body 101 .
  • the elliptical flow channels 103 define an elliptical cross-sectional flow area.
  • the heat exchanger 100 includes a plurality of non-elliptical flow channels 105 defined in the body 101 . As shown, the non-elliptical flow channels 105 are interspersed between the elliptical flow channels 103 and define a non-elliptical cross-sectional flow area.
  • At least one of the plurality of elliptical flow channels 103 can include a circular cross-sectional flow area. As shown, each elliptical flow channel 103 can be circular throughout the heat exchanger 100 , however, it is contemplated that the cross-sectional shape and/or size can vary from channel to channel, as a function of width, and/or along one or more flow directions. For example, the diameter /shape of elliptical flow channel 103 and/or the size/shape of the non-elliptical flow channel 105 can become smaller along a flow direction. Any other suitable variance of the elliptical flow channels 103 is contemplated herein.
  • At least one of the plurality of non-elliptical flow channels 105 can include a cross-shaped or rounded-cross shaped cross-sectional flow area.
  • Such shapes can reduce the amount of material that forms the body 101 and improve thermal transfer efficiency by increasing primary heat transfer surface area (e.g., the surfaces where heat transfers through the thickness of the material of the body 101 ) and decreasing secondary heat transfer surface area (surfaces where heat must travel along a length of material of the body 101 ).
  • the free form rounded-cross shape can be utilized to maintain a constant wall thickness throughout the heat exchanger 100 .
  • At least one of the plurality of non-elliptical flow channels 205 of heat exchanger 200 can be defined by the body 201 to include a rectilinear shaped cross-sectional flow area.
  • the rectilinear shaped cross-sectional flow area can include a hexagonal shape.
  • the elliptical flow channels 103 and the non-elliptical flow channels 105 can be uniformly defined in the body 101 such that the elliptical flow channels 103 and non-elliptical flow channels 105 form an evenly spaced pattern (e.g., as in a checkerboard). Any other suitable pattern is contemplated herein.
  • the elliptical flow channels 105 can be configured to allow a hot flow to travel through the body 101 in a first direction.
  • the elliptical flow channels 103 can converge at one or more ends of the heat exchanger 100 to form a header to receive a hot flow (e.g., a hot coolant).
  • the non-elliptical flow channels 105 can be configured to allow a cold flow to travel through the body 101 in a second direction.
  • the first and second directions can be opposite each other to provide a counter flow, however, the same flow direction for hot and cold flow is contemplated herein.
  • the heat exchanger can be monolithically formed using additive manufacturing. It is contemplated that embodiments of the heat exchanger 100 can be manufactured in any other suitable manner (e.g., casting, milling).
  • the heat exchanger 100 can include the structure as shown as at least part of a core of the heat exchanger 100 , with any suitable header attached thereto or formed thereon.
  • a method of exchanging heat from a hot flow to a cold flow can include flowing the hot flow through a plurality of elliptical flow channels 103 as described above. The method also includes flowing the cold flow through a plurality of non-elliptical flow channels as described above. In certain embodiments, flowing the hot flow through the elliptical channels can include flowing the hot flow in a first direction, and flowing the cold flow through the non-elliptical channels can include flowing the cold flow in a second direction. As described above, the first direction and second direction can be opposite.
  • Embodiments described above allow maximization of primary surface area for heat exchange while allowing flexibility to increase or decrease the ratio of hot side to cold side flow area.
  • Changing the relative amount of flow area on each side of the heat exchanger can allow full utilization of a pressure drop available on each side.
  • the procedure by which the relative amount of flow area on each side is changed can involve changing the channel dimensions along the flow direction of the channels.
  • the shape of the channels can be critical to achieving a low stress structure with a low mass (e.g., small wall thickness).
  • Ellipses e.g., circles
  • elliptical channels e.g., circles
  • combining elliptical (e.g., circular) channels 103 for the high pressure (e.g., hot side) flow with non-elliptical (e.g., polygonal/rectilinear/freeform) channels 105 for the lower pressure flow (e.g., in a checkerboard like pattern) can result in more efficient space utilization and reduction of material.
  • Embodiments utilizing counter flow can provide improved performance by enabling improved balancing of the hot and cold side heat transfer and pressure drop, as well as increasing the heat exchanger effectiveness for a given overall heat transfer area.
  • Counter flow can reduce the temperature differential across the heat exchanger planform since the cold side outlet is aligned with the hot side inlet, and vice versa.
  • Embodiments of this disclosure also have significant structural benefits that enable higher temperature and higher pressure operation over traditional devices.
  • embodiments as described above can allow heat transfer area and structural support to inlet and outlet headers.
  • the above described features can be used to address transient thermal stress issues since the temperature response of the header and the core can be matched more closely than in a traditional open header.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US14/994,504 2016-01-13 2016-01-13 Heat exchangers Abandoned US20170198976A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/994,504 US20170198976A1 (en) 2016-01-13 2016-01-13 Heat exchangers
EP16207357.1A EP3193122B1 (de) 2016-01-13 2016-12-29 Wärmetauscher

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/994,504 US20170198976A1 (en) 2016-01-13 2016-01-13 Heat exchangers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20170198976A1 true US20170198976A1 (en) 2017-07-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/994,504 Abandoned US20170198976A1 (en) 2016-01-13 2016-01-13 Heat exchangers

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20170198976A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3193122B1 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180038654A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-08 General Electric Company System for fault tolerant passage arrangements for heat exchanger applications
US20200217591A1 (en) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-09 Meggitt Aerospace Limited Heat exchangers and methods of making the same
US10995997B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2021-05-04 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with integral features
US20220034592A1 (en) * 2020-07-29 2022-02-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Annular heat exchanger
US20220049904A1 (en) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
WO2022069587A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Zehnder Group International Ag Channel heat exchanger
US11333438B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2022-05-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with water extraction
US11371780B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2022-06-28 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with integral features
US11549393B2 (en) * 2019-02-18 2023-01-10 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Air-oil heat exchanger
US11747094B2 (en) * 2017-05-12 2023-09-05 The Boeing Company Hollow lattice thermal energy storage heat exchanger
US11754341B2 (en) 2019-07-05 2023-09-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger
US12006870B2 (en) 2020-12-10 2024-06-11 General Electric Company Heat exchanger for an aircraft

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706318A (en) * 1953-10-05 1955-04-19 Coffing Hoist Company Inc Safety hook
US2998228A (en) * 1956-11-23 1961-08-29 Huet Andre Surface heat exchangers
US7285153B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2007-10-23 Norsk Hydro Asa Method and equipment for feeding two gases into and out of a multi-channel monolithic structure
US20110139404A1 (en) * 2009-12-16 2011-06-16 General Electric Company Heat exchanger and method for making the same
US9777965B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-10-03 Thar Energy Llc Countercurrent heat exchanger/reactor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29604521U1 (de) * 1996-03-11 1996-06-20 SGL Technik GmbH, 86405 Meitingen Aus Platten aufgebauter Wärmeaustauscherkörper
FR2862747B1 (fr) * 2003-11-20 2008-09-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Plaque d'echangeur de chaleur, et cet echangeur
CN103502763A (zh) * 2011-05-06 2014-01-08 三菱电机株式会社 热交换器及具有该热交换器的制冷循环装置
JP5759068B2 (ja) * 2012-05-17 2015-08-05 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器及び冷凍サイクル装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706318A (en) * 1953-10-05 1955-04-19 Coffing Hoist Company Inc Safety hook
US2998228A (en) * 1956-11-23 1961-08-29 Huet Andre Surface heat exchangers
US7285153B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2007-10-23 Norsk Hydro Asa Method and equipment for feeding two gases into and out of a multi-channel monolithic structure
US20110139404A1 (en) * 2009-12-16 2011-06-16 General Electric Company Heat exchanger and method for making the same
US9777965B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-10-03 Thar Energy Llc Countercurrent heat exchanger/reactor

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180038654A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-08 General Electric Company System for fault tolerant passage arrangements for heat exchanger applications
US11747094B2 (en) * 2017-05-12 2023-09-05 The Boeing Company Hollow lattice thermal energy storage heat exchanger
US10995997B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2021-05-04 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with integral features
US11333438B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2022-05-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with water extraction
US11371780B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2022-06-28 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with integral features
US20200217591A1 (en) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-09 Meggitt Aerospace Limited Heat exchangers and methods of making the same
US11022373B2 (en) * 2019-01-08 2021-06-01 Meggitt Aerospace Limited Heat exchangers and methods of making the same
US11549393B2 (en) * 2019-02-18 2023-01-10 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Air-oil heat exchanger
US11754341B2 (en) 2019-07-05 2023-09-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger
US20220034592A1 (en) * 2020-07-29 2022-02-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Annular heat exchanger
US11802736B2 (en) * 2020-07-29 2023-10-31 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Annular heat exchanger
US11662150B2 (en) * 2020-08-13 2023-05-30 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
US20230258407A1 (en) * 2020-08-13 2023-08-17 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
US20220049904A1 (en) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
US12196502B2 (en) * 2020-08-13 2025-01-14 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
CN115885147A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2023-03-31 亿康先达国际集团股份有限公司 通道式热交换器
WO2022069587A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Zehnder Group International Ag Channel heat exchanger
US12104858B2 (en) 2020-09-30 2024-10-01 Zehnder Group International Ag Channel heat exchanger
US12006870B2 (en) 2020-12-10 2024-06-11 General Electric Company Heat exchanger for an aircraft

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Publication number Publication date
EP3193122A1 (de) 2017-07-19
EP3193122B1 (de) 2018-10-03

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Owner name: HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORPORATION, NORTH CAROLINA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TURNEY, JOSEPH;IKEDA, MICHAEL K.;ST. ROCK, BRIAN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:037484/0817

Effective date: 20160112

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION