US2045404A - Piezoelectric vibrator device - Google Patents

Piezoelectric vibrator device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2045404A
US2045404A US672561A US67256133A US2045404A US 2045404 A US2045404 A US 2045404A US 672561 A US672561 A US 672561A US 67256133 A US67256133 A US 67256133A US 2045404 A US2045404 A US 2045404A
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Prior art keywords
vibrator
electric
piezo
vibratory
crystal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US672561A
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English (en)
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Nicholides Emmanuel Christ
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Sonotone Corp
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Sonotone Corp
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Priority to US672561A priority Critical patent/US2045404A/en
Priority to FR773166D priority patent/FR773166A/fr
Priority to GB15457/34A priority patent/GB441614A/en
Priority to DE1934S0114072 priority patent/DE690839C/de
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Publication of US2045404A publication Critical patent/US2045404A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to piezo-electric vibrator crystal, or similar piezo-electric substance, medevices and it has among its objects improvement chanically united to each other along a common of the energy transmission and increase of the junction face, with electrode sheets'attached to low frequency vibration output of the same.
  • the faces for applying thereto electric fields tend-
  • Special objects of the present invention are ing to impart to the two adjacent plates oppopiezo-electric sound apparatus, and particularly- .sitely directed deformations, restraining one hearing-aid bone vibrator devices with improved plate by the other, and producing a resulting vibratory power transmission and increased low bending motion of the unit larger-than the mofrequency output.
  • Fig. 3 faces for impressing upon the crystal bars elec- Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional-view of a modified trio fields tending to impart longitudinal expanform of bone vibrator; sion to one bar while imparting longitudinal con- 20
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of Fig. 3 along traction to the adjacent other bar and thus muline 5- tually restraining their longitudinal movements
  • Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the bone and causing the united bars to bend in a direcvibrator of Figs. 3 and 4 along line 5-5 of Fig. 3; tion perpendicular to the faces with a greater :5 Fig.
  • Fig. 9 is a. horizontal sectional view through the soundfrequency electrical oscillations to the coup g connection between the vibrator and the .electrode sheets on the'faces of said crystals, diaphraghm of the telephone receiver of Fig.
  • FIG. 10 is an elevational view partially in sec.- crystal unit a vibratory bending movement of a tion illustrating a spectacle frame with a bone frequency corresponding to the impressed oscilvibrator unit in accordance with the invention, lations. r
  • twisters and benders may be constructed removed; either as two-layer units described above, or as Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are elevational views parfou.r-, sixor multiple-layer'units in which case, 40
  • FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the vibrator unit with a multiple of the power of a two-layer unit. of Fig. 13 as seen from the left side of Fig. 13.
  • twister and In my copending application on piezo-electric bender? apply to two-layer units as well as to 45 devices, Serial 'No. 672,560, filed concurrently larger multiple-layer units.
  • I mount the crystal unit on a relatively light support of little weight and small inertia and utilize the reactive forces producedin the support by intensive vibration of the crystal vibrator unit for imparting corresponding vibrations to the acoustic load that is driven by the crystal unit.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings A simple small-size bone vibrator for a boneconduction hearing-aid device made in accordance with my invention is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.
  • the vibrator unit is in the form of a bender bar 20, made by uniting to each other two 45-X-cut Rochelle salt crystal bars 2
  • To the outer faces of the bar 20 are secured electrode sheets 23, 24 and an intermediate electrode sheet 25 is provided at the junc tion of the two crystal surfaces, these electrode sheets being of thin metal and being intimately united with the faces of the crystal strips to consume only little of the potential drop available for producing an electric field through the crystal bars. Because of the requirement that the vibrator be inconspicuous, very small crystals are used in the vibrator unit, the size of the individual crystals being about 1 x x of aninch.
  • a clamping member 26 comprising two metallic clamping blocks 21 and 28 secured to a mass of rigid insulating material such as Bakelite.
  • a clamping cavity 29 is formed between the two metallic clamping members 21, 28 into which the lower flat end of the vibrator bar 20 is fitted, a clamping bar 30 held pressed to the blocks 21, 28- by means of free vibration thereof.
  • a weight 40 of lead, for'instance, having an interior cavity providing a portion fitting tightly and attached to the end of the crystal bar and an additional projecting skirtlike portion for accommodating additional weight without clamping additional crystal surface, a free space 4
  • the clamping member 26 has an upwardly extending projecting wall 45 having a slightly elevated contact portion 46 which may be applied to the bone structure of the head for transferring vibratory power thereto.
  • a flat gripping member 41 connected to the end of a head band 48 by means of which the vibrator unit with its mounting may be held on the head of a person having impaired outer hearing organs, and pressed against the bone structure, such as the mastoid one.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 While the vibrator unit shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is very convenient for observing and studying the reaction-type bender unit, I prefer to enclose it completely in a casing for practical use as a hearing-aid bone vibrator. This is greatly facilitated by the fact that are required between the vibratory portion of the vibrator unit and the bone structure.
  • Such bone vibrator is shown in Figs. 3 to 5 in which the vibrating bender crystal bar 28 is clamped in the interior of a small casing 5
  • the vibrating portion of the crystal vibrator unit 28 is weighted at the top, and its lower end is clamped in the same way as in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, and the connection to its electrode sheets is made. by plug pins and cord likewise in the same way.
  • the rear side of the casing has an opening 8
  • the casing opening is closed by a sheet cover 62 which hasattached thereto a second sheet member 63 of the same size having formed in its lower portion a channel 64 for engaging the fiat end of a gripping member 66 connected to a head band 61 by means of which the unit is supported on the head and held pressed with its contact surface 53 against the bone structure, such as the mastoid bone, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the two cover sheets 82 and 53 are suitably secured to the casing, for instance, by screws 68 and completely enclose the vibrator unit so that the vibrator is protected against contact with the body of the perfrom the exterior.
  • the vibrator unit may be supplied with electric sound-frequency oscillations either from the output circuit of an amplifier of a radio or phonograph instrument, or Home special sound transmitting apparatus as shown in Fig. '7.
  • the apparatus comprises a transmitting microphone 18 connected through a cord II in the input circuit of an amplifying device no coupling connections additional weight is about 2 grams, and the total vibrator units with the casing weighs only about 16 grams.
  • the completely assembled bone vibrator as shown in Figs. 3 to 5 is about 1%" long,
  • the produced oscillations are l as long as the weight of the hearing-aid is small.
  • Figs. 3 to 5 is particularly light and suitable for use with a lorgnette handle by inserting a fiat strip mounted on its upper end into the channel 84 provided for carrying it with t the head band.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 my invention is shown applied to a telephone receiver. It comprises a diaphragm 8
  • is connected to a coupling clamp 88 which embraces and clamps firmly the center portion of a crystal unit 89 like bender 28 shownin Figs. 1 to 5, but smaller in size.
  • Thecrystal between two washers 82 unit 89 is preferably made of'Rochelle salt crystal strips and provided with electrode sheets and electrical connections therefrom to a lead 98 in a way similar to the bender shown in Figs.
  • the clamp 88 shown in detail in Fig. 9, comprises a pair of clamping members 9
  • One of the clamping members is connected by a coupling rod 84 to the center of the diaphragm 8
  • An efiicient and simple telephone receiver is thus obtain-ed which gives a sound output having enough low as well as high frequency sound oscillations to permit good reproduction of speech and music.
  • a piezo-electric crystal unit -bridge wall I06 extending between the frame portions I01 which rest on the nasal bone of the wearer of the spectacle, the clamp I05 being constructed like the receiver clamp 88.
  • Bending vibrations are imparted to the two projecting weighted bender portions by supplying to their electrode sheets sound-frequencyoscillations through a cord I08 mounted in the spectacle frame. These vibrations arereactively transmitted through the coupling'member I05 and the lower bridge wall I06 to the contact portions I01 engaging the nasal bone.
  • the vibratory energy of the pair of benders within the bridge chamber is thus transferred through the reaction forces acting on the coupling member to the bone structure of the spectacle wearer in a way similar to the action of the double bender in the telephone of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 11 shows a cone speaker driven by reactive coupling with a double bender in accordance with my invention.
  • the speaker cone IIO has its front end supported on a. bracket I II which is attached to a casing II 2 having a relatively heavy support II3.
  • Attached to the center of the cone IIO on the side facing the interior of easing I I2 is a clamp member I I4 similar to the clamp 88 of the telephone vibrator, but of suit- I able larger size, clamping the center portion of a relatively long bender unit I I5 having weights I I6 attached to its opposite vibrating ends. Additional flexible support is supplied to the junction of the cone center and to the bender coupled thereto by a flexible sheet H8.
  • Fig. 12 there is shown another modification of the invention in which a somewhat smaller cone I has attached to its center portion a clamp IZI holding a double bender vibrator unit I22 like that of the structure of Fig. 11 and a light casing I23 enclosing the vibrator unit and its additional weight members I24. the weight of the vibrator unit being sufiiciently small not to place an excessive strain on the cone.
  • the two weighted bender portions of the crystal unit I22 are set 4 by said vibratory chanical vibrations to a a layer of piezo-electric crystal substance, elecinto a synchronous vibration and the reactive forces exercised by the vibratory motion reacts through the coupling clamp I2I on the cone, imparting to it vibratory energy rich. in low frequencies.
  • a cone loud speaker constructed similar to the speaker shown in Fig. 12 is actuated by the reactive forces of a pair of twister units I 30, referred to hereinbefore, and made in the way disclosed in my copending application on Piezo-electric devices, Ser. No. 672,560, filed concurrently herewith.
  • Each twister unit I comprises two rectangular crystal plates I3I and I32 cut from a Rochelle salt crystal perpendicular to the, electric axis and united to each other, and with interior and exterior electrode sheets I33, I34 connected to produce bending of the diametrically opposite corners in opposite directions when in unclamped condition. Two adjacent edges I35, I36 of each crystal unit are clamped to a.
  • a vibrator including trode means for impressing electric oscillations across said crystal layer inducing therein alternating forces tendingto impart opposite longitudinal deformations to said layer, means restraining said crystal layer against longitudinal deformation and imparting under the action of said forces a vibratory bending motion .to said vibrator, and coupling means supporting said vibrator in a floating condition and coupling said vibrator to a load to cause transfer of vibratory energy produced by said vibratory .motion to said load.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric substance for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling -one part of said vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a sufficient floating mass exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy to said load.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric substance for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a suflicient floating mass of the order or larger than one-half of the mass of the vibrator exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy to said load.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric crystal substance, electrode means for impressing electric oscillations across said crystal member inducing therein alternating forces producing a vibratory motion between two sections of said vibrator, and coupling means supporting said vibrator and holding one of said sections mechanically restrained and coupled to said load, the other section of said vibrator being supported in a freely vibrating floating condition for producing during vibration reactive forces transmitting vibratory energy to said load.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part, of said vibrator having a sufficient floating mass of the order or larger than one-half of the mass of the vibrator exerting reaction forces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrator for imparting vibratory energy to said load, said floating part of the vibrator includinga body of substantial mass of greater specific weight than said piezoelectric substance.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric member for producing a vibrachanical vibrations to a load, a vibrator compristory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a sufficient floating mass exerting reaction forces 5 for imparting vibratory energy to said load, said floating part of the vibrator including a body of. substantial mass of greater specific weight than said piezo-electric substance.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, sup- 15 porting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a suflicient floating mass exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy to said load, and 20 a casing extending from the coupled part of the vibrator and enclosing the floating part of the vibrator.
  • electrode means impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator
  • supporting means for coupling one part of said 30 vibrator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a suflicient floating mass of the order or larger than one-half of the mass of the vibrator exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy 35 to said load
  • a casing extending from the coupled part of the vibrator and enclosing the float ing part of the vibrator.
  • the other part of said vibrator having a sufflcient floating mass exerting reaction forces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrator for imparting vibratory energy to said 5 load, and a casing extending from the coupled part of the vibrator and enclosing the floating part of the vibrator.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing electric ocillations on the piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, supporting means for coupling one part of said vi- 60 brator to a load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a sumcient floating mass exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy to said load, said floating part of the vibrator including a body of. substantial mass of greater specific weight than said piezo-electric substance, and a casing extending from the coupled part' of the vibrator and enclosing the coating part of the vibrator.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric Rochelle salt crystal substance, electrode means impressing sound-frequency electric oscillations on said piezo-electric member for producing a 75 vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to a'load and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a suificient floating mass exerting reaction forces for imparting vibratory energy to said load.
  • a vibrator of a size suitable for inconspicuous wear on a person comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing sound-frequency electric oscillations on said piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to hearing-inducing bone structure and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a mass exerting reaction forces for imparting hearing-inducing energy to bone structure of a person.
  • a vibrator of a size suitable for inconspicuous wear on a person comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing sound-frequency electric oscillations on said piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to hearing-inducing bone structure'and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a mass of the order of one-half of the mass of the vibrator or darger exerting reaction forces for imparting hearing-inducing energy to bone structure of a person.
  • a vibrator of a size suitable for inconspicuous wear on a person comprising a member or piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing sound-frequency electric oscillations on said piezo-electric member for producing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, and supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to hearing-inducing bone structure and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a mass of the order of one-half of the mass of the vibrator or larger exerting reaction forces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrator for imparting hearing-inducing energy to bone structure of a person.
  • a vibrator of a size suitable for inconspicuous wear on a person comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means impressing sound-frequency electric oscillations on said piezo-electric member forproducing a vibratory motion between two parts of said vibrator, supporting means for coupling one part of said vibrator to hearing-inducing bone structure and supporting in a floating condition the other part of said vibrator having a mass of the order of one-half of the mass of the vi-.
  • brator or larger exerting reaction forces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrator for imparting hearing-inducing energy to bone structure of a person, and a casing extending from the coupled part of the vibrator and enclosing the floating part of the vibrator.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric crystal substance, electrode means for impressing electric oscillations on the piezo-electric substance of said member producing a vibratory motion of said vibrator, coupling means supporting said vibrator in a floating condition and coupling a portion of said vibrator to a load for imparting vibratory energy produced by said motion to said load, and a body of substantial mass of greater specific weight than said crystal attached to the floating part of said vibrator.
  • a vibrator comprising a member of piezo-electric crystal substance, electrode means for impressing electric oscillations on said crystal member producing a vibratory motion thereof, coupling means supporting said vibrator in a floating condition and coupling a portion of said vibrator to a load for imparting vibratory energy produced by said motionto said load, the floating part 01' said vibrator including a body .of substantial mass of greater specific weight than said crystal casing extending from said coupling means and enclosing the floating part of said vibrator.
  • a vibratory structure comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means associated with said piezo-electric substance for translating electric energy oscillations applied to said substance into mechanical vibrations of said vibratory structure and vice versa, and means coupling a part of said vibratory structure to an external vibratory body and supporting another part of said vibratory structure having a substantial mass subjected to the action of said electrode means in a freely floating position for transmitting by the inertia reaction of said floating vibratory structure vibratory energy between said vibratory structure and said vibratory body, the floating mass of said vibratory structure being of the order or larger-than one-half of the total mass of said vibratory structure.
  • a vibratory structure comprising a member of piezo-electric substance, electrode means associated with said piezo-electric Substance for translating electric energy oscillations applied to said substance into mechanical vibrations of said vibratory structure and vice versa, and

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
US672561A 1933-05-24 1933-05-24 Piezoelectric vibrator device Expired - Lifetime US2045404A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US672561A US2045404A (en) 1933-05-24 1933-05-24 Piezoelectric vibrator device
FR773166D FR773166A (fr) 1933-05-24 1934-05-11 Dispositifs vibrateurs piézo-électriques pour la reproduction des sons
GB15457/34A GB441614A (en) 1933-05-24 1934-05-23 Improvements in piezo-electric hearing-aid devices
DE1934S0114072 DE690839C (de) 1933-05-24 1934-05-24 Auf einen Hoerknochen einwirkendes Schwerhoerigengeraet

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US672561A US2045404A (en) 1933-05-24 1933-05-24 Piezoelectric vibrator device

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US2045404A true US2045404A (en) 1936-06-23

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DE (1) DE690839C (fr)
FR (1) FR773166A (fr)
GB (1) GB441614A (fr)

Cited By (59)

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DE739966C (de) * 1938-04-28 1943-10-08 Aeg Schallgeraet mit piezoelektrischen Doppelplatten
US2418120A (en) * 1943-10-05 1947-04-01 Herman C Hornickel Face harness for microphones
US2454900A (en) * 1943-07-15 1948-11-30 Vang Alfred Method and means for carbureting air for fuel mixtures
US2561084A (en) * 1946-05-01 1951-07-17 Borg George W Corp Piezoelectric microphone
US2722614A (en) * 1951-08-11 1955-11-01 Gulton Mfg Co Vibration and shock-responsive device
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US3067345A (en) * 1960-02-04 1962-12-04 Harris Transducer Corp Rod-mounted plural crystal assembly
US3142991A (en) * 1960-08-08 1964-08-04 Lear Siegler Inc Fluid rotor sensor
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US20150181338A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-06-25 Rohm Co., Ltd. Stereo Earphone
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US9924265B2 (en) * 2015-09-15 2018-03-20 Intel Corporation System for voice capture via nasal vibration sensing
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US10241583B2 (en) 2016-08-30 2019-03-26 Intel Corporation User command determination based on a vibration pattern
US10298282B2 (en) 2016-06-16 2019-05-21 Intel Corporation Multi-modal sensing wearable device for physiological context measurement
US10324494B2 (en) 2015-11-25 2019-06-18 Intel Corporation Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic field change in response to gesture
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US10484805B2 (en) 2009-10-02 2019-11-19 Soundmed, Llc Intraoral appliance for sound transmission via bone conduction
US10778824B2 (en) 2016-01-19 2020-09-15 Finewell Co., Ltd. Pen-type handset
US10795321B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2020-10-06 Finewell Co., Ltd. Wrist watch with hearing function
US10967521B2 (en) 2015-07-15 2021-04-06 Finewell Co., Ltd. Robot and robot system
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DE915826C (de) * 1948-10-02 1954-07-29 Atlas Werke Ag Knochenleitungshoerer
DE1061371B (de) * 1955-05-28 1959-07-16 Wendton Werner Wendt K G Schwerhoerigengeraet in Brillenform

Cited By (146)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE739966C (de) * 1938-04-28 1943-10-08 Aeg Schallgeraet mit piezoelektrischen Doppelplatten
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GB441614A (en) 1936-01-23
DE690839C (de) 1940-05-08
FR773166A (fr) 1934-11-13

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