US2049996A - Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out - Google Patents

Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out Download PDF

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Publication number
US2049996A
US2049996A US656441A US65644133A US2049996A US 2049996 A US2049996 A US 2049996A US 656441 A US656441 A US 656441A US 65644133 A US65644133 A US 65644133A US 2049996 A US2049996 A US 2049996A
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United States
Prior art keywords
arc
resistance
compressed gas
electric circuit
gas blow
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Expired - Lifetime
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US656441A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clere Andre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Delle SA
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Individual
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Publication of US2049996A publication Critical patent/US2049996A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H01H33/164—Impedances connected with contacts the impedance being inserted in the circuit by blowing the arc onto an auxiliary electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric circuit-breakers with compressed gas blowout.
  • My prior application Serial No. 503,835 filed December 20, 1930 concerns an electric circuit- 5 breaker in which the arc can be extinguished by a current of slightly compressed gas owing to the use of at least one pair of contacts shunted by a .resistance whereby the intensity of the arc is diminished during a half period of the voltage.
  • the object of the present invention constitutes 15 an improvement in the operation of such circuitbreakers.
  • the resistance of an arc drawn out by an external agent is essentially a function of the intensity of the current flowing 20 through same and varies to a very considerable extent with this intensity.
  • this intensity the lower the resistance of the arc; this latter is of the order of a thousandth of an ohm per centimetre for currents of the or- 25 der of 10 amperes; inversely, for very low intensities (for example 100 amperes) the resistance is of the order of one ohm per centimetre of length of arc.
  • the intensity varying periodically between two maximum values of opposite signs passes periodically through zero values.
  • the resistance of the arc is 35 relatively very high. If under these conditions the arc is shunted by a resistance of low value compared with this relatively high resistance of the shunted fraction of the are at the moment of extinction of the arc, the proportion of the 40 current shunted through this resistance will become greater and greater and will finally attain a value such that the whole of the current will pass through same. The shunted fraction of the arc is no longer fed with current and extinguishes itself an instant before the passage through zero of the total current. The shunting resistance has thus behaved as a powerful agent of instability for this fraction of the arc.
  • a first object of the invention thus consists in giving a sufliciently low ohmic value to the single arc shunting resistance compared with the resistance of the shunted arc itself so as to provoke the extinction of this shunted fraction of the are before the passage through zero of the total current.
  • the ohmic value of the resistance to be inserted in the circuit must be small compared with the ohmic resistance of the shunted fraction of the arc, this latter resistance being taken as that corresponding to the intensities of the current existing in the are an instant before the passage through zero of the current in the circuit.
  • the invention also relates to circuit-breakers in which a plurality of resistance elements are inserted.
  • the invention consists in giving to each of these elements an ohmic value determined in the manner indicated above.
  • the intensity of the current in the said arc is reduced and this facilitates its extinction by a gas blastl
  • the extinction of the arc in series with a resistance is further facilitated by giving to this resistance a total ohmic value R, such that the phase displacement of the current on the voltage will be reduced to a low value.
  • This result is attained by giving to the whole of the inserted resistance a total ohmic value R at least equal to 2.3Z and not greater than 20Z, Z representing the minimum impedance of the electric circuit to be in- 40 terrupted, corresponding to the maximum power the circuit-breaker will be called upon to interrupt.
  • the invention is applicable to all electric circuit-breakers provided with a gas blow out device and in which the intensity of the arc is weakened by the use of arc shunting resistances.
  • circuit-breakers of this type are shown diagrammatically by way of example in the annexed drawing. They comprise in the interior of a chamber I made of insulating material a fixed contact 2 and a movable contact 3. The direction of the displacement of thislatter contact for opening and closing is shown on the drawing by double arrows; the handle 9 for the manual operation of these contacts has merely been shown for the sake of simplicity, the opening and closing of such circuit-breaker being generally realized through relays and remote control devices which fall outside the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically one illustrative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a, modification having two pairs of contacts.
  • the chamber I surrounding the contacts is provided with at least two openings for the admission and exit of the gas blast.
  • the direction of displacement of the gases is shown by arrows.
  • the resistances, the values of which form the object of the present invention, are indicated by 6 in Figs. 1 and 2 in which a single resistance shunts the arc.
  • a pair of relatively movable contacts In an electric-circuit-breaker for alternating currents, a pair of relatively movable contacts; means for extinguishing the arc struck between said contacts, by a gas blast; means comprising at least one resistance element, for shunting said arc, the total ohmic value (R) of said shunting resistance element or elements being at least equal to 2.32 and not greater than 20Z, Z representing the minimum impedance of the electric circuit to be interrupted.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US656441A 1931-03-13 1933-02-13 Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out Expired - Lifetime US2049996A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2049996X 1931-03-13

Publications (1)

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US2049996A true US2049996A (en) 1936-08-04

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US656441A Expired - Lifetime US2049996A (en) 1931-03-13 1933-02-13 Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out

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US (1) US2049996A (fr)
FR (1) FR734436A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2452953A (en) * 1945-04-06 1948-11-02 Gen Electric Circuit interrupting apparatus
US2470628A (en) * 1944-05-24 1949-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2486127A (en) * 1944-06-26 1949-10-25 Gen Electric Air blast electric circuit breaker
US2529145A (en) * 1939-07-27 1950-11-07 Delle Atel Const Electr Pneumatic circuit breaker
US2645694A (en) * 1949-02-15 1953-07-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Cross blast circuit breaker with arcing contacts controlling orifice of arcing chamber
US2645695A (en) * 1949-02-23 1953-07-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electric circuit breaker with arcing contacts in skew blast

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2529145A (en) * 1939-07-27 1950-11-07 Delle Atel Const Electr Pneumatic circuit breaker
US2470628A (en) * 1944-05-24 1949-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2486127A (en) * 1944-06-26 1949-10-25 Gen Electric Air blast electric circuit breaker
US2452953A (en) * 1945-04-06 1948-11-02 Gen Electric Circuit interrupting apparatus
US2645694A (en) * 1949-02-15 1953-07-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Cross blast circuit breaker with arcing contacts controlling orifice of arcing chamber
US2645695A (en) * 1949-02-23 1953-07-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electric circuit breaker with arcing contacts in skew blast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR734436A (fr) 1932-10-21

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