US2054876A - Feathering propeller - Google Patents

Description

p 1936- R. DE TRYON-MONTALEMBERT 2,054,876

FEATHERING PROPELLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 27, 1954 7 Sept. 22, 1936.

R. DE TRYON-MONTA'LEMBERT 2,054,875

FEATHERING PROPELLER Filed June 27, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i UNITED f STATES OFFICE.

' the toothed crowns of each -about100.

Fig. 3 illustrates-a Rene de Tryon-Montalembert, Villefranche sur Mer, 'Alpes-Maritimes, France Application June 27 1934, Serial No. 732,675

In France July 18, 1933 2 Claims." (01. 170-453) The present invention relates torotary feathering propeller of. general application.

The propeller according to the invention comprises in. combination aframe, two main driving shafts supported. in said. frame and forming an angle with each other, so as to project on either side of the frame, gears at'the adjacent endsof said driving shafts and meshing with each other, a driving pulley mounted. upon. one of said main driving shafts, twosecondary shafts forming two inclined and symmetrical extensions of each driving shaft and integrally fixed thereto, a. freely rotatable blade mounted on each sec;-

ondary-shaft, a toothed crown secured at the base of the blades, and a stationary pinion secured on either side of the frame. and meshing with pair of blades on either side of the frame. i r i,

In a modification, a reduction gear forms the connection. between the gear wheels of the blades and the stationary pinion.

In=the accompanying drawings,certain forms of embodiment-have been" diagrammatically illustrated, by way of' example. Fig. lis ,a plan .view. of a device comprising two pairs of feathering wings or blades capable .of: rotating in balance; p q 1 Fig. 2 is a planv view of. a device in which two pairs. of rotary feathering blades are rotating and in which. the pivotment axes form an anglev of about 50 with the driving shaft. This device. is provided with a differential. gear, and synchronism ofmovements in. the driving shafts issecuredby two identical gears arranged at an angle of modified form of embodiment of the driving device whichis arranged with a reducing-system for the pivotalmovement of the bladeswhich are, provided with. toothed crownsarrangedattheir bottom end, said crowns ;.being .driven from the side directed tothe supportingframe. H H 7 Fig.4 illustrates another, modification of such ,device, inwhich the toothed crownsintegralwith 45.

thev blades. are driven atftheupper'side with respect tofjthe supporting frame.

The invention. may be devised as follows: With reference to Fig. l, the main driving shaft ,A is providedat its enduwith an. auxiliary shaft B arranged" at an. angle of about 90, 7 said auxiliary shaft. 2 constituting support and pivotment axis for. thev double.faced paddlesC, the

bottom end ,of whichisprovided with a toothed ,driving crown D. The paddle O and the crown D freely rotate'about the auxiliary shaft B The auxiliary shaft B has a circular movement around the axis of the'driving shaft, whereas the crown D meshes with a bevel pinion E, unmovably fixed to the frame J, so that said paddle Cis caused to rotate about the auxiliary shaft '13.

The toothed crown has a number of teeth exactlytwice that of the pinion E and will: thus rotate over half a rotation only duringthe time that the main driving shaftwillimake a complete rotation. Consequently, during half a rotation of the main driving shaft A, the paddle-C turning about the shaft'B, will only make one quarter of a revolution, so as to be. progressively inclined and move afterwards in a vertical plane; in this way, the paddle reaches its-top-position.

During the second half rotation of the main driving shaft A, the paddle will first act obliquely and afterwards parallel to the air layer flapped, by the complete width of its surface, during, a fraction of revolution, and each face of the paddle will thus'successively act-in the same manner and produce a feathering motion.

. In order to perform practically the mechanical flying, it' is required that the movementof the paddle, itsworking and its weight, as also the 7 action of the air produced at the side ofzthe chassis or fuselage be balanced. It would be possible for this to use single paddlesv balanced byweightp r However, practica1ly,-it will be preferable to arrange two paddles having identical double faces and pivoting around two equally and symmetrically arranged shafts, fixed at the end of the ,double wings uponthe airwill bebalanced by the action of the other pain In this Way, for each rotation of the -main driving shaft, the simultaneous lowering and starting of the two wings will also expel the air downwards, both on either side of the fuselage,- whereas-the volume of air comprised betweenthe descending movements of the two other wings continuing their rotation and before the retractive movement of the upward stroke, will be violently pushedtowardsthe rear and underneath the apparatus, so as to produce a violent reaction, similar to that produced by the simultaneous lowering of the two wings of a bird.

The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 is provided with two double symmetrically arranged wings arranged on either side of the fuselage. The paddles have been-illustrated here, in both figures, at the moment when the two auxiliary shafts are in the horizontal position, i. e. at the moment when both wings at the front side flap the air over their whole surface (maximum action), whereas the two rear wings, oppositely, are ascending in the vertical plane.

The synchronism of working of the double wings is obtained, according to Fig.1, by the use of two identical toothed gears G, G, meshing with a common pinion H, mounted upon the same shaft as the pinion I, to which movement is transmitted from any driving motor.

The angles between the main shafts and the auxiliary shafts will be more or less open, accordingto the required use of the apparatus. 7 It may indeed easily be seen that, as-the lifting effect ought to be directed in progressing line, the more the angles formed by the auxiliary shafts and the'driving shaft will approach 45, themore the feathering movement will be given laterally.

In this case, the device illustrated in Fig. 1 can no longer be used, as the toothed crowns at the bottom end of the wings can no longer mesh with the-pinion having half" the dimensions of the crowns;

Three different'reducing devices are illustrated in Figs. 2 to 4.

The device illustrated in Fig. 2 provides for the interposition of a differential gear between the adjustable fixed pinion and the gear transmitting the movement to the toothed crowns at the bottom end of the paddles, so that the rotation of the latter will always be delayed for the half with respect to the rotation of the main driving shaft.

This differential gear is formed as follows:

Let us consider the spur-wheel e in which the main driving shaft 0. freelyrotates. This spurwheel meshes with another spur-wheel j of convenient diameter to connect the wheel e with the toothed crown gear Zwhich freely rotates upon the driving shaft a and meshes with the toothed wheels d, d, at the bottom ends of the paddles c, c. The gears 11, d and I have the same diameter and have the same number of teeth, i. e.-twice as much as the pinions a; a second pinion 7" diametrically opposed rotates and meshes with the crown g'ear'Z so as to secure a better balance. Both spur- Wheels e are freely mounted upon a shaft fixed at right angles upon the frame 70, which supports also the two auxiliary shafts b, b, and the main driving shafts a. During the rotation of the shafts a the pinions i, rotate about their axes, while developing on the spur-wheels e and will transmit their rotary movement, reduced for one half by means of the gears, to the gears Z and d,

V which will rotateasdes'cribed. Such arrangement allows to provide angles of 90 to 45 and more, between the main driving shaft and the auxiliary shafts supporting the paddles.

The synchronism of movement of the two pairs of wings arranged symmetrically is secured by two main driving shaftsmeshing with each other by bevel pinions 0-, o of equal diameters. One of the shafts a is provided with a spur-wheel i, to which driving power is transmitted from any motor arranged underneath.

A carter n may be provided for protecting the gearing.

The reducing system for the rotation of the wings illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 is characterized by a series of spur-wheels, arranged in the same plane as the fixed pinion and supported by a single member integral with the auxiliary shafts b, b supporting the Wings 0, c.

The device may be used in two applications. The bottom crowns of the paddles are driven at the underside with respect to the frame (Fig. 3)

and require five transmission pinions, or they will be driven at the upper side and in this case only three pinions will be required, the pinions at the ends being extended by bevel pinions having a normal or inverted shape and meshing with the toothed crowns of the paddles (Figs. 3 and 4).

The device illustrated in Fig. 3 is constructed as follows:

.The main driving shaft a freely rotates while passing through the fixed pinion e mountedin the frame. This shaft is provided with a member m, which supports the two auxiliary rotation shafts for the paddles b, b; Upon this member m are freely mounted the pinions J, J and g, 9, but the teeth of the pinions g" at the ends are shaped so as to constitute bevel pinions for meshing in the required angle with the toothed crown'sd, d of the paddles c c. I j

The gears f and g are only intended'for trans- .mitting power and may have a reduced diameter,

in order to reduce the length of their supporting member and the weight, but the number of teeth of the toothed crowns d, (1 will always be twice as much as that of the pinion e; hereby the pivotal movement of the paddles will always be delayed for one half with respect to the rotation of the main driving shaft, for which power isfor instance imparted to the pulley i.

The device illustrated in Fig. 4, in which the toothed crowns d. d at the bottom ends of the paddles are driven downside with respect to the frame may be constructedin the following manner:

A tubular driving shaft (1 is provided with a member m, from whichproject the pivotment shafts b, b for the paddles. Upon thismember are freely mounted the pinions f, f, the ends of which are shaped as inverted bevel pinions g, g,

meshing with the toothed crowns d, d and developing about the fixed pinion e mounted at the end of a shaft n, supported in intermediary bearings within the main tubular shafta coaxial therewith.

The pinions f and g have the same number of teeth as the spur-wheel e,thus half asmuch as the toothed crowns d.

For performing the mechanical flying, balancing when in movement and directing the ap-- paratus laterally or in depth will be obtained by modifying, by means of the lever p or a direct or speed reducing handwheel, over the convenient number of degrees the position of each fixed pinion e arranged close to the frame, in which" freely rotates the driving shaft and upon which" run the toothed crowns at the bottom end of the paddles or the differential pinions driving same 7 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3).

In the device illustratedin Fig. 4, the fixed pinion being mounted at the end of a shaft passing through the tubular driving shaft is actuated by a lever p mounted at the end of said shaft (1., and which allows also to modify to some degrees the position of thefixed pinion about its center.

The modifying of the angles of the secondary shafts with respect to the main shafts causes obviously proportional angular modifications of the main shafts with each other, as also between these latter shafts and the frame. It is necessary that the secondary shafts while rotating pass substantially parallel to the rear side walls of the frame or fuselage, that the ascending position of the paddles remains directed in the direction of progression, that the edges of the paddles do not hurt the fuselage when rotating, and that the paddles do not interfere with each other in action.

I claim;

1. A propeller of general application comprising in combination a frame, two main driving shafts supported in said frame and forming an angle with each other so as to project on either side of the frame, gears at the adjacent ends of said driving shafts and meshing with each other, a driving pulley mounted upon one of said main driving shafts, two secondary shafts forming two inclined and symmetrical extensions of each driving shaft and integrally fixed thereto, a freely r0- tatable blade mounted on each secondary shaft, a toothed crown secured at the base of the blades, and astationary pinion secured on either side of the frame and meshing with the toothed crowns of each pair of blades on either side of the frame.

2. A propeller of general application comprising in combination a frame, two main driving shafts supported in said frame and forming an angle with each other so as to project on either side of the frame, gears at the adjacent ends of said driving shafts and meshing with each other, a driving pulley mounted upon one of said main driving shafts, two secondary shafts forming two inclined and symmetrical extensions of each driving shaft and integrally fixed thereto, a freely rotatable blade mounted on each secondary shaft, a toothed crown secured at the base of the blades,

- a stationary pinion secured on either side of the frame, and a reduction gear carried by the secondary shafts and forming the connection between the toothed crowns of each pair of blades and the stationary pinion on either side of the frame.

RENE 1m TRYON-MONTALEMBERT.

Images