US2107143A - Tabulating machine - Google Patents

Tabulating machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2107143A
US2107143A US496437A US49643730A US2107143A US 2107143 A US2107143 A US 2107143A US 496437 A US496437 A US 496437A US 49643730 A US49643730 A US 49643730A US 2107143 A US2107143 A US 2107143A
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Prior art keywords
card
contact
contacts
line
cards
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Expired - Lifetime
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US496437A
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English (en)
Inventor
George F Daly
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Priority to US496437A priority Critical patent/US2107143A/en
Priority to FR729557D priority patent/FR729557A/fr
Priority to GB3189631A priority patent/GB392558A/en
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Publication of US2107143A publication Critical patent/US2107143A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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  • This invention relates to accounting machines and more particularly to accounting machines of the perforated card controlled type.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to provide an automatic selecting mechanism to determine from which of a plurality of predetermined data fields of a card information is to be transferred to a common accumulating device.
  • a further specific object is to construct a total taking mechanism including switching devices so designed as to be more rapid in operation, positive in action and to require a lesser amount of energy to operate than heretofore.
  • Another specific object is to provide a so-called first card elimination device to automatically permit the transfer of data from the first card of a group of cards to a record sheet without entry of such data in the registering mechanism and to cause the data. on succeeding cards to be transferred to the record sheet and printed in the same columns as the first card data, at the same time causing the data to be entered in accumulators;
  • Another specificobject isto provide a tabulating machine controlled for automatic operation by control cards inserted between groups of data cards.
  • Fig. 1 is a specimen of an invoice prepared by g the machine.
  • Fig. 2 is a specimen of a master card for controlling the printing of data on the invoice of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a specimen of a detail card'.
  • u Fig. 3a is a detail of a reset clutch device.
  • Fig. 4 is a central section through the improved counter and total taking mechanism.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail of a restoring device for the total taking mechanism.
  • Fig. 5a is a detail of a card lever contact.
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view oi Fig. 4, certain parts being omitted.
  • Fig. 7 is a detail of an impulse emitter.
  • Fig. 7a is a section taken on line la-Ia of Fig. "I.
  • Fig. 9 is a section through the printing section of the machine.
  • a master card as in Fig. 2 bears store identifying data such as the address of the receiving branch and its number, the date of the invoice, store register number, etc. This card is used to control listing on the first line of the invoice (Fig. 1). Some of the data is duplicated on the right of the invoice sheet which may later be severed to provide duplicate records, one to be retained at the warehouse and the other to accompany the shipment.
  • the second kind of card (Fig; 3) is a detail card bearing data concerning separate items such as description of the article, code number, retail price, retail. and cost extension, weight, contents, size, etc.
  • each of the detail cards is perforated to indicate the floor of the warehouse from which the article to which it corresponds was removed. It also bears perforations indicating the branch store for which the article is destined.
  • the detail cards are run through electric sorting machines which segregate them into groups in accordance with their punched store numbers. These groups are further sorted into sub-groups comprising cards having the same floor number.
  • 'A main group -;of cards which is to control thepreparation of a single invoice is then arranged to be headed by its associated master card followed by the successive floor groups of detail cards. Between each floor group is placed a well-known control card and at the end of a store group is placed a special control card. Other store groups then follow in the same order.
  • the master card of a store group is fed through the machine and the data thereon transferred to the first line of the invoice, none of this data being entered into the accumulating mechanism of the machine.
  • the items on the following detail cards are then successively listed and certain data thereon entered into appropriate accumulators.
  • the inserted control card will cause the machine to perform an automatic total taking cycle of operations during which the invoice is spaced and a total is printed of the items in the group, this total being retained in the accumulators. Spacing again takes place after this printed total and the next floor group is similarly listed, the control card at the end thereof again initiating an automatic total taking cycle.
  • the total printed will be a progressive total, that is, the sum of both groups of detail cards.
  • Each of the detail cards is provided with duplicate fields headed Retail price, Retail exten. and Cost exten. and the fields on the right of the card are normally perforated with the appropriate data.
  • the new data is entered on the fields on the left of the card and a special hole is punched in the X index point position of a predetermined column to indicate that the new data is to prevail.
  • the X hole will cause the machine to sense the data on the left of the card and disregard that on the right. This arrangement obviates the necessity of preparing an entire new detail card when a price change occurs in a commodity.
  • Each counter wheel of the accumulator may be provided with a commutator having a segment corresponding to each significant figure indication of the counter wheel.
  • a brush may be geared to the counter wheel so that it always rests on the commutator segment corresponding to the digit reading of the wheel.
  • Each of these brushes may be connected to a printer magnet to select the proper type for printing during total taking.
  • An impulse emitter is provided for each accumulator bank coordinated with nine separate lines so as to emit an impulse to each line at a point in the machine operation corresponding to the digit value which they represent.
  • the 9" line receives an impulse timed to select a nine for printing
  • the 8 line receives an impulse timed to select the eight type for printing and so on.
  • All the commutator segments of an accumulator bank corresponding to the9* position of the counter wheels are connected to the 9 impulse line from the emitter corresponding to that bank.
  • All the “8 segments are likewise connected with the "8 line and so on.
  • FIG. 8 and 8a illustrates the wiring of the complete machine.
  • the machine is driven by a tabulating motor TM controlled by a group of cam and relay controlled circuits to be traced later and during total taking operations the machine is driven by a reset motor RM controlled in a manner to be explained.
  • the tabulating motor TM When the tabulating motor TM is in operation it feeds the perforated tabulating cards, bearing differentially arranged 1 index points representing digits; first beneath the upper analyzing brushes U3 and one machine cycle later beneath the lower analyzing brushes LB.
  • the counter wheels are represented by gears I2 driven from a shaft I3 under control of the counter magnets III as previously stated.
  • As usual indicating wheels are provided fixed to the counter wheels-so that data entered on the counter wheels may be visually indicated.
  • the total taking mechanism shown in the upper part of Fig. 4 and in Fig. 6 consists of a commutator H provided with segments l5 corresponding in number and position to the several digit indicating positions of the counter wheel i2.
  • a brush structure I6 is mounted on a gear I! driven by the gear which drives the counter wheel i2 so that the brush structure is angularly displaced according to the reading on the counter wheel.
  • the structure carries two brushes, one of which engages the segments I5 and the other of which engages a common segmental conductor ll whose surface corresponds to the configuration of the into printing position opposite the platen.
  • the total shaft 23 driven by the'reset motor RM is provided with a cam 24 cooperating with a roller 25 carriedon arm 26 freely rotatable on shaft 21.
  • a cam 24 cooperating with a roller 25 carriedon arm 26 freely rotatable on shaft 21.
  • arm 26 rocks clockwise and a lug 29 cooperating with an arm 30 fixed to shaft 21 also rocks clockwise.
  • also fixed to shaft 21 are linked to printing crosshead 32 which serves to raise the type bar 20 in synchronism with the total taking operation so that the type 22 successively pass printing position opposite platen 2
  • the type bars are arrested under control of the printing magnets II. When one of these is energized it attractsits armature 36 and pulls a releasing a latch member 46 normally holding stop pawl l-l When the pawl ii is so released it is spring operated to engage ratchet teeth 42 cut on the type bar 26 to prevent further upward movement of the type bar thus holding a particular type 22 in printing position. Printing hammers 46 are subsequently tripped to impel the selected type against the platen 2i.
  • Thedevice for emitting the timed impulses synchronized with the movement of the type bars 26 to select the type for printing during a total taking operation is shown in Figs. 7 and 7a.
  • This consists of a number of individual commutators located adjacent to the total shaft 26.
  • a brush holder 45 is secured upon shaft 23 and insulated therefrom.
  • the holder carries a plurality of brushes 6, one for each commutator, which receive current through a collector ring 41 integral with holder 65.
  • Each commutator is provided with a plurality of contact segments 66,
  • Each commutator I4 is associated with a separate bank of accumulating elements and each segment 46 is electrically connected with the bars 19f connecting the common commutator segments l5-of Figs. 4 and'6.
  • each set of commutator segments 15 in an accumulator bank receives a timed impulse at the time when the type corresponding to the segment is passing the printing line.
  • Fig. 80 these devices have been shown diagrammatically and their detailed functions will be traced in connection with the description of the circuit.
  • a circuit switching device is providedinFigs. 4-and 6 which is adapted to open the listing circuits and close the totaling circuits at the beginning of a total taking cycle of operations.
  • This consists of a plurality of three-spring contacts forming contacts 56 and 5
  • a common bail 52 of insulating material is secured upon a shaft 56 which also carries a spring pressed latching arm 54 adapted to be latched by an armature latch 55. In latched position the ball 52 will hold contacts 51 closed and contacts 56 open.
  • a contact 51a is adapted to close with contacts 5
  • a contact 50a is adapted to open with contacts 56, to break the circuit to magnet 56.
  • Depression of start key 16 will complete a circuit as follows: From line 61, wire 1
  • switch 64 If switch 64 is open the machine will stop, but if the switch is closed an automatic. total taking cycle will ensue.
  • the circuit completed follows from line 61, reset motor RM, relay coil 85, reset clutch magnets 06, contact 01 (closed when magnet 15 is deenergized) cam contacts LI (closed momentarily before the machine comes to stopping po'sition), switch 64, contact 18, wire 19 to line 66.
  • the magnet 66 is short circuited by the usual cam contact P2 which holds the circult through motor RM from line 61, motor RM, contact P2, contact L2, wire 69 to line 66, and breaks at the proper time to bring the parts to rest in normal position.
  • the total taking cycle so initiated will cause the printing of a progressive total, that is, the amounts standing in the accumulators will be read out and printed but the accumulators will not be zeroized. If the machine is stopped, a new sheet may be inserted and total printing thereon dispensed with.
  • the special control card placed at the end of a number of groups of cards is perforated with a hole in the 11" or X index point position of tion as shown.
  • the normal and special control cards thus each have the cut-away portion 83 which causes the machine to discontinue card feeding and enter upon total taking operation.
  • the control cards are generally blank otherwise, but may contain printed identifyinginformation, if desired.
  • the hole in the special control card is sensed bythe lower brushes as the control card is passing and a circuit is completed as follows: line 66, wire 62, contact CLI (now closed), wire 08, impulse distributor 69, wire 90, lower brush LB, hole in the card to plug socket 9i, thence through a suitable plug connection to plug socket 92, cam contact L4, closed at this time, relay coils 93 and 94 to line 61.
  • a holding circuit follows from line 61, coils 94, 93, points 93a of coil 93 which are now closed, cam contact P4, wire 95 to line 66.
  • P4 breaks this circuit during the total taking cycle. Clo sure of points 94a due to energization of their coil 94 completes a circuit (generally known as the counter canceling circuit) from line 61, relay points 85a (previously closed due to energization of coil 65), parallel zero button magnets 96, points 94a, wire 95 to line 66. Energization of magnets 96 of which there is one for each accumulator bank, will in a well known manner cause the clutching of the counter wheels to the reset shaft 62 for restoration of the former to zero position.
  • relay coil 95 is in series with reset clutch magnet 96, points 05a and consequently magnets 96 will ,be energized before the reset mechanism actually begins to operate under control of motor RM. Energization of each magnet 96 will also close an associated contact 96a (Fig. 8a).
  • the reset clutch is shown in Fig. 3a as comprisgigclutch element 91 rotatable with cam 6
  • the machine is provided with four listing banks indicated in Fig. 8 as bank #I, bank #2, bank #3, and bank #4. Banks #I and #4 are 'the usual zero suppression devices.
  • the machine is also provided with three accumulating banks indicated at A, B, and C in Fig. 8a.
  • Each accumulating bank is provided with a plurality of counter magnets I0 connected to individual plug sockets II 3.
  • a plurality of corresponding printer magnets II are also provided which are connected through contacts 50 and 5
  • Fig. 1 the banks or counters through which the various columns of data are printed have been indicated and an inspection of the cards columns to the sockets I00 of the printer magnets II of the proper.
  • FIGs. 2 and 3 will disclose that the fields of the invoice -for which plug connections have thus far been pointed out, derive their data from columns of the master and detail cards having the same lateral allocation. 'I'hus-the same group of brushes which read store and address from the master card will alsoread description and name of commodity from the detail card.
  • the alphabetical characters are obtained by replacing the usual numerical type with others having type corresponding to those shown adjacent to index point positions of the card in Fig. 3.
  • the plug' sockets 0I corresponding to the brushes which read columns 64 to 15 are connected to plug sockets I22 and the sockets 9i corresponding to the brush columns II to 25 are These sockets comprising sets of normally closed contacts I24 and normally open contacts I25, the common blade ofeach of which is connected to a plug socket I26.
  • a plug connection is made between sockets I26 and plug sockets II3 of the counter magnets I0 of counters A, B, and the left half of C so that the data relating to retail price, retail extension, and cost extension may be accumulated in these counters.
  • the relay contacts I24 are normally in the position indicated in Fig. 8a and are adapted to be shifted to their alternate position by a relay magnet I21 (see also Fig. 8).
  • a relay magnet I21 see also Fig. 8.
  • the detail card is perforated with a special X hole indicated at I20.
  • cam LIO The timing of cam LIO is such that magnet I21 will remain energized until the card has passed the lower brushes. Energization of the magnet will shift the associated multi-contacts so that contacts I20 are opened and contacts I25 are closed. Where no such special perforation appears in thede'taiicard, contacts I26 are closed and the data from the right section of the card will be entered.
  • of columns 16 to 10 are connected to the printing sockets I I2 and also the counter sockets H3 of the right half of counter C so that this data may be appropriately listed and accumulated.
  • the master card of Fig, 2 contains perforations in the columns in which the detail card has data to be accumulated, it is necessary to disconnect these columns from the counters during the passage of the master card by the lower brushes in 'order to prevent the entry of this unrelated data into the counters.
  • the sockets 9I of the columns having data to be accumulated or sockets I26 are connected to plug sockets I09 connected to normally closed multicontacts IIO. Sockets III may then be connected to the particular counter columns in which the data is to be entered.
  • Each master card is provided with a special perforation H6 in the well known X" position which is sensed by the upper brushes UB.
  • a plug connection is made between the corresponding plug socket H6 and a socket H9 and upon sense .ing of this perforation a circuit will be established from line 66, contact II1, perforation in the card, socket Il8, plug connection to socket 'I I9, cam contact L6, closed at this time, magnet II5,'wire I2I, to line 61.
  • a parallel circuit extends through relay magnet I20 causing closure of its points I20a and the establishment of the stick circuit as follows: line 61, wire I2I, coil I20, points I20d, cam contact L1, back to line 66.
  • Contact L1 is timed to maintain magnet II5 energized until the card has passed the lower brushes.
  • energization of magnet IIS will open contacts I I0 so that no circuits will be completed to the counter magnets I0 during the sensing of the master card 2 by the lower brushes.
  • the usual normally closed circuit breaker contact Ill (see also Fig. 4) which opens to break the counter circuit upon energization of the magnet I0.
  • Tot a1 printing Register No. is listed from columns I.0-l2 of the master card and Weight is listed from columns 16-10 of the detail card. And again in column A wherein Register No. is listed from columns 10-12 of the master card and Retail extension is listed as Retail amount on the invoice from either columns III-2i or -1I of the detail card. Since the brush plugs of the brushes reading these columns on the detail cards are connected to both I list and add magnets and the brushes reading the master card are connected to list magnets only, it is possible, without the use of circuit breakers in the adding circuits to obtain back.circuits which would cause erroneous entry of data from the master cards into the accumulating mechanism.
  • contacts 00 are provided which are plug connected in series with such listing circuits. These contacts close during the passage of the master card by the lower brushes and are open at other times under control of relay coil iii.
  • the control card at the end of this first group will cause the machine to enter upon an automatic total taking cycle in a manner already explained.
  • those of the accumulator banks A, B, or C that have their progressive total switch I35 closed will print the amounts standing in such accumulators without clearing. It may here be explained in connection with the circuit diagram that those cam contacts which operate during listing operations are prefixed L and are controlled from list shaft 34 of Fig. 9. Those cam contacts prefixed P are controlled from total shaft 23 and function only during total taking operations.
  • cam contact P5 (Fig. 8) will close establishing a circuit from line 66, wire I36, cam contact P5, wire I31, wire I38, wires I39, closed switches I35, closed contact 50a, magnet 56, and wires I40 to line 61.
  • Energization of the magnet 56 as has already been explained in detail will cause unlatching of arm 54 (Fig. 4) to permit the shifting of contacts 50, 5I from the position shown in Fig. 8a thereby connecting the several printer magnets to the total taking commutator bars I8.
  • thecommutator brushes 46 are rotating in synchronism with the elevation of the type bars and make contact successively with the various commutator segments 48. 1
  • cam contact P5 The timing of cam contact P5 is such that current is supplied to the commutators only during .the upward movement of the type bars.
  • listing and accumulating continues and the new amounts are added to those already standing in the accumulators so that upon presentation of the next control card a second progressive total will be printed.
  • the special control card at the end of the complete classification of store cards will, as has been explained, initiate a total and reset cycle during which the several zero button magnets 96 are closed to connect the several accumulator banks A, B, and C., to the reset shaft for mechanical resetting and the associated contacts 96a will also be closed to short circuit the switches I35.
  • the magnets 56 will thus be energized through the following circuit: wire I38, contact 9611, contact 50a, magnet 56, wire I40, to line 61.
  • the printing circuits will be the same as in the progressive total and after all the amounts have been read from the various accumulators the resetting mechanism will turn the counter wheels to zero position.
  • the machine is provided with mechanism for counting the number of cards passed through the machine exclusive of the control cards.
  • a double cam contact LII is provided which is so arranged that the upper contact is closed, while the lower portion of the card is passing the card lever. closed at such time, indicating the presence of a normal detail or' master card, the card counter relay is set up and held through the remainder of the card cycle.
  • This circuit follows from line 66, wire 82, contact CLI, cam contact LI2, upper contact LI I, relay coil I43, wire 6
  • the holding circuit will therefore continue from contact LIZ through points I43a, relay coil I43, to wire 8
  • card contact LIZ opens causing the relay to drop.
  • the lower contact LII terminates in a plug socket I44 which may be connected to the socket II3 of a selected accumulator.
  • This lower contact LII closes at a time corresponding to the one index point position of the card and the circuit follows from line 66, wire 82, contact CLI, contact LIZ, relay points I43a, lower contact LI'I, socket I44, connection to socket H3, countermagnet I0, contacts II4, to line 61. If a control card is under the brushes at the time contact LI I shifts to close its upper contacts, no circuit is completed and no adding circuit will be established to the selected counter.
  • a record controlled accounting machine means for feeding record cards, normal control cards, and special control cards, said control cards having an irregular outline, and said special control card having in addition a special perforation in a predetermined position, an accumulator, means controlled by the record cards for entering amounts therein, total taking mechanism including normally ineffective resetting mechanism for said accumulator, means controlled by the irregular outline of said control cards for causing an operation of said total taking mechanism, and further means rendered effective by the special perforation in said special control card for causing said resetting mechanism to operate during a total taking operation.

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  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)
US496437A 1930-11-18 1930-11-18 Tabulating machine Expired - Lifetime US2107143A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US496437A US2107143A (en) 1930-11-18 1930-11-18 Tabulating machine
FR729557D FR729557A (fr) 1930-11-18 1931-09-15 Machine tabulatrice commandée par des cartes perforées et munie de dispositifs totalisateurs
GB3189631A GB392558A (en) 1930-11-18 1931-11-17 Improvements in or relating to record-card-controlled statistical machines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US496437A US2107143A (en) 1930-11-18 1930-11-18 Tabulating machine

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US2107143A true US2107143A (en) 1938-02-01

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US496437A Expired - Lifetime US2107143A (en) 1930-11-18 1930-11-18 Tabulating machine

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FR (1) FR729557A (fr)
GB (1) GB392558A (fr)

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FR729557A (fr) 1932-07-26
GB392558A (en) 1933-05-17

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