US2124085A - Continuous film treating device - Google Patents

Continuous film treating device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2124085A
US2124085A US742259A US74225934A US2124085A US 2124085 A US2124085 A US 2124085A US 742259 A US742259 A US 742259A US 74225934 A US74225934 A US 74225934A US 2124085 A US2124085 A US 2124085A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
film
emulsion
air
drying
caster
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US742259A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schubert Georg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FIRM FERNSEH AKTIEN GES
FIRM FERNSEH AKTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT
Original Assignee
FIRM FERNSEH AKTIEN GES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FIRM FERNSEH AKTIEN GES filed Critical FIRM FERNSEH AKTIEN GES
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2124085A publication Critical patent/US2124085A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/36—Scanning of motion picture films, e.g. for telecine
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
    • G03C11/24—Removing emulsion from waste photographic material; Recovery of photosensitive or other substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/12—Cinematrographic processes of taking pictures or printing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/84—Television signal recording using optical recording
    • H04N5/843—Television signal recording using optical recording on film
    • H04N5/846—Television signal recording using optical recording on film the film moving intermittently
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/164—Rapid access processing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a continuous film developing and resensitizing process, particularly adaptable to intermediate film television systems, and involves the use of an endless film band and continuous emulsion coating.
  • My invention provides for making a photographic record on a material whose sensitive layer arranged on an endless carrier is renewed before each exposure and removed again after the pictorial impression has been utilized.
  • the device required for carrying out this process comprises a plurality of units.
  • Figure 5 l is a diagrammatic view of the treating device, illustrating also its application totelevision
  • Figure 2 shows a partially sectional side view
  • Figure 3 shows a partially sectional end view of the casting unit.
  • -l is the endless carrier or base which successively passes under the emulsion coating means 2, through the drying chamber 26, the exposing device 29, the photochemical apparatus with developer 30 and 25 fixing bath 32, the picture projecting device 35,
  • Standard cinematographic film consisting of 30 a mixture of cellulose esters and softening agents like camphor, etc. serves preferably as base or carrier for the sensitive layer. It is advisable to render the surface of this film carrier as hard as possible to prevent scratches and also as flexible as possible so that it will withstand the fre-' quent stresses due to changes from moisture to dryness or warm to cold. It has been found that a standard cinematographic film band of the kind serving for instance as base for films to 40 be shown in cinema theaters is excellently suited for the purpose stated, as it will stand being passed hundreds of times through the projector,
  • films twice or several times as thick as a standard film or even metal bands may be used.
  • the reinforcement can be effected solely in the perforation or the latter may be provided with a metal insertion 50 whereas the remainder of .the film is of the standard type.
  • the same effect could be attained also by arching or thickening the edges of the perforation by a special process.
  • the film band is preferably fed by-means' of 65 the perforation, the form of which is immaterial.
  • the difiiculties arising in connection with the application of the emulsion are due to the necessity of providing for absolutely uniform thickness of the sensitive layer in both transverse and running direction of the carrier.
  • the latter is preferably coated only in the center between the rows of perforations, the coating consisting for instance of the known halogen silver emulsion, so as to avoid soiling the driving parts by particles of the emulsion dropping through the holes and thus passing to the back of the carrier.
  • the film band possesses also at the casting point the same high speed of 24 frames per second as in -the camera itself and that such a speed is unusual in coating and much higher than that employed in raw film works.
  • the film band l'passes preferably horizontally under the spout of the caster 2 at a slight distance thereof amounting to less than 1 mm., e. g., 0.1 mm. or less.
  • the invention is, however, not restricted to employing ready-made film pretreated in the factory with intermediate coating, but permits, as a particularly advantageous feature, the insertion of the step of intermediate coating in the continuous process and the current supply of a fresh intermediate coating to the washed film.
  • a treating device similar to that hereinafter described may be used, and may engage the film I before it passes over roller 9.
  • the vessel Ii for applying the emulsion is preferably made of two parts and consists of the airtight reservoir I1 and the casting device I9, the reservoir and the casting vessel being in communication by means of a pipe.
  • the casting vessel unlike the reservoir for the emulsion, is deaerated, and the deaerating pipe 2
  • the reservoir II as well as the casting vessel I9 are disposed in the vessel I6, which is heat-insulated, and which may be electrically heated by heating coil 24 and controlled by adjustable contact-thermometer 25.
  • a critical point is the maintenance of the casting temperature, as the viscosity of the emulsion constituting a gelatin solution depends of course very much on temperature. Care should be taken to prevent undue cooling of the spout itself by arranging large masses of metal near it by constructing it for instance from a compact metal block. If necessary, additional heating may be provided for at the outlet itself, and it is further possible of course to increase the viscosity of the emulsion by lowering the temperature. In this case, however, both the casting vessel and the reservoir have to be subjected to increased pressure. An increase in viscosity affords the advantage that the amount of emulsion coming out depends not so much on the adhesion and attraction of the band passing under the casting vessel but on the form of the spout.
  • the carrier film I provided with the sensitive layer enters a drying device comprising a lighttight box 26 in which a plurality of driving rolls 21 are arranged so that the film I passes, say, in spiral form through the space.
  • the rolls are arranged preferably so that the film band is not doing any considerable crossing, and are of a type which permits the film band to lie thereon only with the perforated edges.
  • the emulsion is dried either by cooling or by means of air of normal temperature but high speed. It may be advisable to free the air used for drying from part of its liquid by cooling it below the dew point and then heating it to normal or higher temperature so as to reduce the relative moisture and thus accelerate evaporation and the drying of the emulsion.
  • a conventionalized lens system 29' focuses upon the film the image of a scene from a television receiver, or the lens system may be a camera.
  • all recording means known in connection with television and sound films may be used for recording the picture on the film band, e. g., directly controlled beacons or indirectly con trolled light, such as are light.
  • picture composing means a perforated plate or reflecting wheels or similarly acting devices may be used.
  • the film band I enters the developing and fixing baths 3
  • are made of a material which is not afictedby the chemicals of the treating liquids. For .this reason, chromium-alloy steels or Monel metal are used, or rubber-covered metal centers.
  • Thecontainer for the liquid is made either of wood or, still better, of metal that is proof against attacks by chemicals, or enamelled receptacles may be employed.
  • the temperature of the developer should be kept constant.
  • the temperature to be maintained depends upon special conditions of known for instance to considerably reduce the time required for obtaining a pictorial impression by raising the temperature of the developer to 22-23 C., though, on the other hand, increases in temperature involve the risk of fogging.
  • the determination of the most suitable temperature is a matter of experience.
  • the developing and fixing tanks are arranged in a large water bath surrounded by tap water. It might be advisable of course in some cases to cool not only the outer walls of the receptacles but to arrange also cooling coils inside the baths.
  • the still moist film band coming out of the fixing bath is ready for further use, as for scanning at the transmitting end or for projection at the receiving end of a television device, and the invention therefore does not provide for drying. Scanning or projection of the film band might be carried out also under liquid.
  • the developed and fixed film is now ready for projection or scanning, in accord with the use to which the film is put.
  • the projector 35 should be of the usual type, though the sprocket for intermittent feed of the film is chosen as large as possible to reduce damage to the perforation to a minimum.
  • the drying device 39 for the carrier freed from its emulsion is similar to the one described for drying the freshly coated filmrwith the difierence, however, that in this zone the film can be treated with hot air.
  • the outgoing air of the first-mentioned drier 26 can thus be used after heating, and the drying chamber 39 is disposed under the drying I the air coming from the chamber 26 is positively device 26- in such a way that,
  • the drive of all rolls is preferably arranged at only one side of the total plant to render the apparatus easily accessible. Unless driven directly, all rolls run in ball bearings, and all parts of the general device are closed lighttight with the exception of the parts 35, 36 and I.
  • the device permits the rapid transmission of events being of special interest at the time for standard cinematographic projection. This becomes possible, as the developed and finished picture can be used at the receiving end for printing, either before or after projection, so that a plurality of prints may be produced which by the same developing process can be transformed into finished films ready for release in the usual cinemas. This process is of importance in countries in which the larger cities do not possess radio equipment. 7
  • a continuous film treating device comprising a continuous transparent film band. a caster and an opposed roller, said band passing therebetween, said caster being concave to fit said roller, and being slightly concave axially of said roller, means for adjusting the separation between said roller and caster, an airtight reservoir connected with said caster, so constructed and arranged as to maintain an emulsion stored within said reservoir always at uniform height in said caster, and means for drawingsa id film past said caster at a predetermined rate, whereby emulsion coating of desired thickness is deposited thereon.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Projection-Type Copiers In General (AREA)
  • Photographic Processing Devices Using Wet Methods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US742259A 1932-11-16 1934-08-31 Continuous film treating device Expired - Lifetime US2124085A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF74483D DE606203C (de) 1932-11-16 1932-11-16 Fernsehuebertragungsverfahren mit kinematographischer Aufzeichnung als UEbertragungszwischenglied
DEF76147D DE714697C (de) 1932-11-16 1933-09-01 Anordnung zum fortlaufenden Aufbringen einer lichtempfindlichen Schicht auf emen endlosen Traeger sich staendig erneuernder kinematographischer Aufzeichnungen als UEbertragungszwischenglied bei einem Fernsehuebertragungsverfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2124085A true US2124085A (en) 1938-07-19

Family

ID=34066199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US742259A Expired - Lifetime US2124085A (en) 1932-11-16 1934-08-31 Continuous film treating device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2124085A (fr)
AT (3) AT138711B (fr)
CH (1) CH184734A (fr)
DE (2) DE606203C (fr)
FR (1) FR778416A (fr)
GB (2) GB428227A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2883961A (en) * 1953-04-29 1959-04-28 Kaulen Robert Device for coating and treating body surfaces, especially as applied to printing rolls
US2910964A (en) * 1956-12-03 1959-11-03 Rca Corp Electrostatic printing

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2513176A (en) * 1943-02-24 1950-06-27 John H Homrighous Stereoscopic television system
GB616360A (en) * 1945-05-02 1949-01-20 Philips Nv Improved system for facsimile communication by electro-optical means
BE526230A (fr) * 1950-06-06
BE512486A (fr) * 1951-06-29
BE551270A (fr) * 1957-01-22
US3235381A (en) * 1962-10-25 1966-02-15 Union Carbide Corp Three-dimensional photograph and light sensitive element for preparing same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2883961A (en) * 1953-04-29 1959-04-28 Kaulen Robert Device for coating and treating body surfaces, especially as applied to printing rolls
US2910964A (en) * 1956-12-03 1959-11-03 Rca Corp Electrostatic printing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT141786B (de) 1935-05-25
AT138711B (de) 1934-09-10
CH184734A (de) 1936-06-15
FR778416A (fr) 1935-03-15
DE714697C (de) 1941-12-04
GB413178A (en) 1934-07-12
DE606203C (de) 1934-11-28
AT143227B (de) 1935-10-25
GB428227A (en) 1935-05-09

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